绝经后乳腺癌C-erbB-2、ER和PR表达及预后相关分析

目的:探讨绝经前和绝经后雌激素受体(estrogen receptor,ER)、孕激素受体(progesterone re-ceptor,PR)和C-erbB-2基因在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与乳腺癌临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测253例乳腺癌组织中ER、PR及C-erbB-2的表达;回顾性分析89例绝经组患者乳腺癌的病理诊断学资料。结果:(1)绝经前和绝经后患者的C-erbB-2、ER、PR的阳性率差异无统计学意义。(2)绝经前C-erbB-2阳性患者的ER阳性率显著低于C-erbB-2阴性患者(P<0.05),PR阳性率在C-erbB-2阳性和阴性患者中无显著差别;绝经者中,C-erbB-2阳性患者的ER、PR阳性率均显著低于C-erbB-2阴性患者(P<0.05)。(3)多因素分析显示,ER、PR表达均与组织分型无关(P>0.05);C-erbB-2的表达与组织分型有关(r为-0.022,P<0.05)。ER的表达与淋巴结转移无关(P>0.05);PR与淋巴结转移呈负相关(r=-0.23,P<0.05);c-erbB-2与淋巴结转移呈正相关(r=0.605,P<0.05)。ER的表达与生存时间无相关性(r=0.100,P>0.05);PR与C-erbB-2的表达与生存时间有相关性(r分别为0.147、-0.605,P<0.05)。结论:联合检测乳腺癌组织中ER、PR和C-erbB-2的表达对乳腺癌患者治疗方案的制定和判断预后有重要意义。     

ER、PR、HER-2在绝经后乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及临床病理相关性的研究

目的　探讨雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体 (PR)及人表皮生长因子受体 2 (HER 2)在绝经后女性乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达、临床病理相关性及意义。方法　应用免疫组织化学染色方法,检测 57例绝经后女性乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中ER、PR、HER 2定位和蛋白表达,比较它们相互之间及与腋窝淋巴结转移、肿瘤大小、临床分期、组织学分级关系。结果　ER、PR定位于细胞核, HER 2定位于细胞膜,其阳性表达率分别为 49 1%、45 6%及 50 9%。ER表达与组织学分级呈负相关(rs=-0 271,P<0 05),与PR呈正相关(rs=0 748,P<0 01),与HER 2呈负相关 (rs=-0 347,P<0 01 );HER 2不仅与ER呈负相关 (rs= - 0 347,P<0 01),且与肿瘤大小呈正相关 (rs=0 269,P<0 05 )。ER、PR、HER 2与腋窝淋巴结转移及临床分期无相关性。结论　联合检测ER、PR、HER 2在乳腺癌中的表达对于术后指导治疗的选择具有一定的临床价值。但在绝经后,ER、PR、HER 2作为乳腺浸润性导管癌独立的预后指标用以判断预后的意义有所降低。     

乳腺癌新辅助化疗前后分子标记物变化及其与疗效的关系

目的:探讨乳腺癌新辅助化疗(NAC)前后雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、人表皮生长因子受体(HER2)和拓扑异构酶Ⅱα(TOPOⅡα)蛋白表达的变化及其与疗效病理评价的关系.方法:收集80例经NAC的乳腺癌化疗前、后病理标本,采用免疫组化方法检测乳腺癌组织中ER、PR、HER2和TOPOⅡa蛋白表达的变化,并观察疗效病理评价.结果:NAC前、后HER2和TOPOⅡα蛋白的表达改变差异有统计学意义(P=0.008,0.006),ER和PR蛋白的表达改变差异无统计学意义(P=0.853);化疗疗效病理评价与NAC前后ER、HER2和TOPOⅡα蛋白的变化呈正相关关系(r=0.430,0.415,0.507,P=0.033,0.02,＞0.001),而与PR蛋白的变化无相关关系(r=-0.122,P=0.308).结论:NAC使乳腺癌组织的分子标记物ER、PR、HER2和TOPOⅡα蛋白发生了变化,并且与乳腺癌的治疗疗效有一定的关系,尤其是ER、HER2和TOPOⅡα蛋白表达的变化有重要意义.     

乳腺癌绝经后雌激素和孕激素受体表达的探讨

目的:探讨乳腺癌绝经后雌激素受体(ER)和孕激素受体(PR)的表达与组织学分级、腋窝淋巴结转移、肿瘤TNM分期意义.方法: 回顾98例乳腺癌绝经后患者的临床资料.分析乳腺癌绝经后ER、PR的表达与患者组织学分级、腋淋巴结转移情况及肿瘤TNM分期等预后因素之间的意义.结果:ER 和PR 在乳腺癌绝经后中的表达率分别为58.16%、66.33%.ER、PR在不同组织学分级的绝经后乳腺癌组织中表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).腋窝淋巴结转移者ER、PR阳性表达率均低于无淋巴结转移者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).不同肿瘤TNM分期乳腺癌绝经后患ER和PR的阳性表达率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:联合检测ER、PR在乳腺癌组织中的表达,对于判断乳腺癌预后和指导治疗有临床价值.     

新疆维吾尔族乳腺癌组织中CerbB-2的表达及意义

目的 探讨新疆维吾尔族乳腺癌患者组织中CerbB-2的表达及与ER、PR表达的关系及临床意义.方法 采用免疫组化对笔者所在医院100例维族乳腺癌组织进行CerbB-2及ER(雌激素受体)、PR(孕激素受体)测定,分析它们之间的表达及其临床意义.结果 CerbB-2阳性表达者占34%,ER、PR阳性率分别为52%、50%,CerbB-2阳性率在ER阳性组为19.2%,在ER阴性组为50%(P=0.0012,r=-0.325),CerbB-2阳性率在PR阳性组为16%,在PR阴性组为52%(P=0.0001,r=-0.38);CerbB-2阳性表达与肿瘤大小呈正相关(P<0.05),与临床分期呈正相关(P<0.01),与雌激素、孕激素受体呈负相关(P<0.01),与年龄、淋巴结转移无关.结论 维吾尔族乳腺癌组织CerbB-2的表达与肿瘤大小及临床病理分级呈正相关,是预后较差的指标,CerbB-2的表达与ER、PR阳性表达呈负相关,CerbB-2是判断维吾尔族乳腺癌预后的有效指标,联合检测CerbB-2、ER和PR 可以指导临床综合治疗,评判预后.     

乳腺癌激素受体、CerbB-2、P53、nm23基因的表达及与临床病理特征的关系

目的:探讨雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)及C-erbB-2、P53、nm23基因在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理特征之间的关系。方法:用免疫组织化学S-P法检测113例乳腺癌组织中ER、PR及C-erbB-2、P53、nm23的表达。并结合乳腺癌临床病理特征进行分析。结果:113例乳腺癌组织中ER、PR及C-erbB-2、P53、nm23阳性表达率分别为49.6%、39.8%、59.3%、40.7%和71.7%,与临床分期、肿瘤大小、病理类型、年龄无关(P>0.05);C-erbB-2、P53阳性表达率与腋淋巴结转移呈正相关(P<0.05)。nm23阳性表达率与腋淋巴结转移呈负相关(P<0.05)。ER和(或)PR、nm23阳性组乳腺癌复发率低于阴性组(P<0.05)。C-erbB-2、p53阳性组乳腺癌复发率高于阴性组(P<0.05)。C-erbB-2的表达在ER、PR阴性组高于阳性组(P<0.05)。结论:联合检测ER、PR与C-erbB-2、P53、nm23表达对判断乳腺癌的预后、指导临床治疗具有十分重要的意义。     

荧光原位杂交检测乳腺癌HER2基因的表达及其意义

目的：探讨荧光原位杂交（FISH）在检测乳腺癌组织HER2基因表达的临床意义。方法：应用FISH法对50例乳腺癌患者进行HER2基因检测,分析基因表达程度与临床特征之间的关系,比较基因和免疫组化（IHC）法蛋白表达的差异性。结果：FISH法与IHC法检测结果总符合率为88%,我院女性乳腺癌人群中HER2基因过表达率为44%,其过表达与肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、临床分期之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05） 孕激素受体（PR）阳性组高于PR阴性组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01） 雌激素受体（ER）阳性组与ER阴性组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：HER2基因的过表达与肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、临床分期及ER无关,与PR成负相关。FISH法检测乳腺癌HER2基因敏感性及稳定性较高,可作为最终确诊HER2基因状态的方法。     

乳腺癌超声征象与雌激素受体、孕激素受体、人类上皮生长因子受体-2表达的相关性研究

目的：探讨乳腺癌超声特征与雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、人类上皮生长因子受体-2(CerB-2)表达及预后的相关性。方法：选取2019年8月—2020年8月贵州航天医院收治的63例乳腺癌患者为研究对象，所有患者行常规超声检查与分子生物学相关指标检查。结果：63例乳腺癌患者中，ER阳性表达41例(65.08%),PR阳性表达30例(47.62%),CerB-2阳性表达27例(42.86%);ER、PR和CerB-2表达阳性的肿块中，肿块>20 mm与≤20 mm比较，不规则与规则肿块间比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);ER、PR和CerB-2表达阳性的肿块边缘有毛刺征和后方回声衰减发生率更高，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ER、PR表达阳性的肿块中，血供、微钙化、腋窝淋巴情况比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);CerB-2表达阳性的肿块更易出现微钙化，血流信号更丰富，也更易发生淋巴结转移，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：乳腺癌超声特征与ER、PR、CerB-2的表达存在一定相关性，超声检查可为乳腺癌的术前诊断、治疗及评估预后提...     

雄激素受体在不同分子分型乳腺癌中的表达及临床病理意义

目的：探讨雄激素受体（androgen receptor,AR）在不同分子分型的浸润性乳腺癌中的表达情况及相关性。方法：采用免疫组化方法检测635例浸润性乳腺癌标本中AR、雌激素受体（estrogen receptor,ER）、孕激素受体（progesterone receptor,PR）、人类表皮生长因子受体2（human epidermal growth factor receptor?type2,HER2）、Ki67蛋白的表达情况,分析AR在不同分子分型、组织学类型中的表达情况及相关分子之间的关系。结果：AR在Luminal A型、Luminal B型HER2阴性型、Luminal B型HER2阳性型、HER2过表达型及三阴型浸润性乳腺癌中的阳性率分别为74.5%（137/184）、56.1%（96/171）、67.8%（40/59）、56.0%（56/100）、32.2%（39/121）,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;癌旁组织中AR阳性率为29.2%（158/542）,明显低于癌组织中的表达,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;AR蛋白表达在年龄分组及组织学分级中差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;AR阳性与ER、PR蛋白的阳性表达呈正相关（P<0.05）,而与Ki?67的表达呈负相关（P<0.05）。结论：AR在不同分子分型乳腺癌中均有一定的表达,联合检测AR和ER、PR、HER2及Ki?67对判断乳腺癌的预后和选择治疗方案有一定价值。     

乳腺癌新辅助化疗与雌激素受体、孕激素受体的相关性研究

目的探讨乳腺癌新辅助化疗与雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)阳性表达率的相关性;乳腺癌新辅助化疗效果与ER、PR阳性表达的关系.方法将128例乳腺癌患者分为新辅助化疗组(54例)和对照组(74例),对2组患者EB、PR的检测结果进行对比分析,并进行统计学处理;对新辅助化疗组术前肿块的变化进行疗效评价,并与术后ER、PR阳性表达结果进行对比分析.结果新辅助化疗组ER阳性表达31例(占57.41%),PR阳性表达26例(占48.15%),对照组ER阳性表达38例(占51.35%).PR阳性表达35例(47.30%).2组问ER、PR阳性率比较无显著性差异(P>0.05).ER、PR阳性表达强度越高.则新辅助化疗效果越好.结论乳腺癌新辅助化疗与ER、PR阳性表达率无相关性.而其疗效与ER、PR阳性表达强度呈正相关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.