Comparison of healing patterns of different side-cut angulations after FS-LASIK

AIM: To investigate and evaluate healing patterns around flaps made with different side-cut angulations after femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK).METHODS: Thirty-four patients(68 eyes) received a 90° side-cut(n=34) or a 120° side-cut flaps(n=34) made with a femtosecond laser. One day, 1 wk, 1 and 3 mo postoperatively, side-cut scar was evaluated under slit-lamp photography according to a new grading system(Grade 0=transparent scar, 1=faint healing opacity, and 2=evident healing opacity). In vivo corneal confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT) were used to observe wound-healing patterns around flap margin in the two groups. Sirius Scheimpflug Analyzer was also used to analyze higher order aberrations 3 mo after surgery.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in flap wound-healing patterns at each follow up between the two groups(P>0.05). Three months after surgery, the flap edge scar classified as Grade 0 had excellent apposition and rapid nerve regeneration. At 3 mm and 5 mm pupil diameters, there were significant differences in trefoil aberrations between the two groups(P<0.05), but no statistically significant differences were found in total higher order aberrations(HOAs), spherical aberrations or coma in any of the pupil size conditions(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Flap edge scars classified as Grade 0 have excellent apposition and rapid nerve regeneration, and 120° side-cut angle flaps induce less trefoil aberrations after FS-LASIK.     

不同联合手术治疗伴有和不伴有玻璃体积血的新生血管性青光眼

目的：探讨玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合青光眼引流器植入及视网膜激光光凝对伴有和不伴有玻璃体积血的新生血管性青光眼(NVG)的疗效。

方法：回顾性分析了2016/01～2017/12在西安市第一医院眼科被确诊的37例39眼伴有和不伴有玻璃体积血的NVG(虹膜房角黏连超过180°)患者的临床资料。根据是否有玻璃体积血分为两组。所有患者均接受0.5mg(0.05mL)玻璃体腔注射康柏西普。没有玻璃体积血的20例21眼(第1组)患者在玻璃体腔注射康柏西普后4d行EX-PRESS(P50)青光眼引流器植入,在青光眼引流器植入后2wk行全视网膜激光光凝。伴有玻璃体积血的17例18眼(第2组)患者在玻璃体腔注射康柏西普后4d行玻璃体切除联合EX-PRESS(P50)青光眼引流器植入及全视网膜激光光凝术,并且根据术中的实际情况选择填充空气或硅油。所有患者术后随访6mo。

结果：第1组患者术前与术后6mo最佳矫正视力(BCVA)无差异(P>0.05); 第2组患者术前与术后6mo BCVA有差异(P<0.05); 第1组患者术后1d,1wk、1、3和6mo眼压分别为20.5±4.3mmHg,19.6±3.8mmHg,20.1±3.7mmHg,19.9±4.2mmHg和19.3±2.9mmHg。第2组患者术后1d,1wk、1、3和6mo眼压分别为22.3±3.7mmHg,20.6±2.8mmHg,20.4±3.8mmHg,18.9±4.1mmHg和19.3±3.4mmHg。第1组和第2组患者术后平均眼压均低于术前眼压(P<0.05),在随访期间3眼出现虹膜新生血管复发,故再行1次玻璃体腔注射康柏西普,治疗1wk后虹膜新生血管消退。

结论：玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合青光眼引流器植入及视网膜激光光凝能够有效降低伴有和不伴有玻璃体积血的NVG(虹膜房角黏连超过180°)患者的眼内压。     

硅油填充术后继发性青光眼的临床研究

目的:探讨硅油填充术后继发性青光眼(silicone oil glaucoma,SOG)的相关危险因素及处理方法。方法:回顾性分析本院眼科行玻璃体切除联合眼内硅油填充的患者114例118眼。术中保留晶状体78眼,摘除晶状体40眼;摘除晶状体眼中,植入人工晶状体27眼。硅油填充时间≤6mo者39眼,>6mo者79眼。随访时间16.2±4.9mo。术前排除原发性和继发性青光眼。硅油填充术后1mo后如果连续3次测量眼压高于21mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),同时排除炎症和新生血管性青光眼引起的眼压升高者诊断为SOG。确诊后给予降眼压药物治疗,治疗约2wk眼压仍不能降至正常者行硅油取出术,如果眼压仍不能降至正常者行抗青光眼手术。统计分析采用SPSS 16.0软件中的单因素Logistic回归分析。结果:发生SOG的32眼,摘除晶状体16眼(50%),硅油填充时间>6mo 27眼(84.4%),硅油乳化20眼(62.5%)。17眼抗青光眼药物治疗后2wk内眼压恢复正常,15眼行硅油取出术,术后4眼眼压仍高,1眼行抗青光眼药物治疗,2眼行小梁切除术,1眼行睫状体光凝术。有无摘除晶状体(P=0.024),硅油填充时间是否超过6mo(P=0.014),有无发生硅油乳化(P=0.000)对是否出现继发性青光眼的影响差异有统计学意义。结论:联合晶状体摘除、硅油填充时间超过6mo和硅油乳化是SOG的危险因素,首选抗青光眼药物保守治疗,如果无效需及时取出硅油。     

Clinical research of EX-PRESS drainage device and modified trabeculectomy combined with intravitreal conbercept treatment for neovascular glaucoma

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified trabeculectomy(experimental group) and implantation of EX-PRESS drainage device(control group),combined with intravitreal conbercept injection for neovascular glaucoma(NVG).METHODS:Totally 30 patients with NVG were selected from June 2014 to June 2017,and randomly divided into experimental group and control group.All patients were underwent intravitreal conbercept(0.5 mg/0.05 mL) treatment before surgery.Modified trabeculectomy was performed in MT group,while EX-PRESS drainage device implantation was performed in EX group.The success rates,best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure(IOP),filtering bleb and complications were observed and compared.RESULTS:The differences of success rate,BCVA and filtering bleb were not statistically significant 12mo after the surgery(P>0.05),however,the difference of IOP at 1d,1wk,1,3,and 6mo after surgery was statistically significant(F_time=390.64,P_time<0.0001) between two groups.The interactions between two groups in the given time showed no significant difference(F_{intergroup×time}=0.181,P_{intergroup×time}=0.57),and also there was no significant difference in IOP between the two groups(F=3.16,P=0.09).The results of pairwise comparison at each time point showed no significant difference in IOP between 1d and 1wk,3 and 6,3mo and 12mo after surgery(P>0.05),while the results at other time point indicate statistical differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The modified trabeculectomy and the implantation of EX-PRESS drainage device have clinical application value in reducing IOP and postoperative complications of refractory NVG.     

玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合Ahmed青光眼 引流阀植入和视网膜光凝治疗 新生血管性青光眼

目的：探讨玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入和视网膜光凝对新生血管性青光眼 （NVG）的治疗效果。方法：回顾性研究。分析2017年6月至2018年6月于空军986医院眼科就诊的 NVG患者16例（17眼）,先行玻璃体腔注射康柏西普0.05 ml,再行Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入术,后择 机行视网膜激光光凝,观察治疗前后视力、新生血管、眼压等情况。数据采用连续测量方差分析比 较。术后各时间点眼压与术前比较采用独立样本t检验。结果：注药后3 d新生血管明显萎缩,1个月时, 17眼新生血管全部消退。治疗前眼压为（43.3±7.6）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）,联合治疗后3 d 眼压为（14.8±4.8）mmHg,7 d时眼压为（13.7±3.9）mmHg,1个月时为（14.5±4.6）mmHg,3个月时 为（13.6±5.4）mmHg,6个月时为（13.9±4.6）mmHg,不同时间点的眼压比较差异有统计学意义（F= 9.58,P=0.006）。治疗后各个时间点眼压与治疗前相比差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。联合治疗后 较治疗前,最佳矫正视力提高5眼。结论：玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入和 视网膜光凝治疗NVG安全有效。     

康柏西普联合Ahmed引流阀植入及白内障超声乳化贯序治疗新生血管性青光眼

目的：评估玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合Ahmed引流阀植入及白内障超声乳化吸除贯序治疗新生血管性青光眼(NVG)的疗效。

方法：回顾性分析。纳入2018-06/2020-01我院眼科收治合并白内障的NVG患者18例18眼。所有患者均术前3～7d行玻璃体腔注射康柏西普,符合手术指征后进行白内障超声乳化吸除术联合Ahmed引流阀植入术,术后随访12mo,记录最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压、虹膜新生血管消退情况、手术效果及并发症情况。

结果：术后1、7d,1、3、6mo,1a眼压分别为25.94±11.82、15.39±4.97、15.94±2.69、15.33±4.54、18.89±7.95和16.27±5.22mmHg,均低于术前平均眼压51.44±8.18mmHg(P<0.05)。末次随访时67%(12/18)患者BCVA提高,28%(5/18)BCVA不变,1眼BCVA降低; 术后1a手术完全成功15眼(83%),部分成功2眼(11%),失败1眼(6%)。

结论：玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合Ahmed引流阀植入及白内障超声乳化吸除贯序治疗合并白内障的NVG可以有效控制术后眼压,同时尽可能地提高患者BCVA,便于随诊和治疗视网膜原发疾病,可作为合并白内障的NVG治疗的有效方法。     

康柏西普联合多种方法综合治疗新生血管性青光眼

目的：观察康柏西普联合全视网膜光凝术和复合式小梁切除术综合治疗新生血管性青光眼的临床效果。

方法：对11例11眼新生血管性青光眼患者行康柏西普玻璃体腔注射,观察房角及虹膜新生血管消退后,行复合式小梁切除术,所有患者均在合适的时机行全视网膜光凝术。术后平均随防6mo,观察术后视力、眼压及并发症等情况。

结果：术后眼压与术前比较,术后1wk,1、3、6mo眼压均有下降,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。术后6mo,2眼(18%)矫正视力提高,8眼(73%)视力无明显变化,1眼(9%)视力降低。术后并发症主要包括前房积血、浅前房、玻璃体积血等。

结论：康柏西普玻璃体腔注射联合全视网膜光凝术和复合式小梁切除术综合治疗新生血管性青光眼能有效控制眼压,保护视功能。     

硅油填充手术后继发性青光眼的临床观察

目的 探讨硅油填充手术后继发性青光眼(SOG)的危险因素和治疗方法.方法 玻璃体切割手术同时眼内硅油填充的93例患者95只眼纳入本研究.其中,手术中保留晶状体37只眼,摘除晶状体58只眼;摘除晶状体眼中,植入人工晶状体10只眼.硅油填充时间≤6个月者32只眼,＞6个月者63只眼.手术后1、2周,1个月时复查眼底和眼压,均随访至硅油取出.随访时间2～25个月,平均随访时间(9.5±5.1)个月.手术后1个月眼压高于21 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),同时排除有明显原发因素及新生血管性青光眼等其他继发因素所引起的眼压升高者诊断为SOG.SOG确诊后,立刻给予盐酸卡替洛尔、布林佐胺滴眼液、甘露醇静脉滴注降眼压治疗,治疗1周眼压仍不能降至正常者行硅油取出手术,仍不能降至正常者行小梁切除手术.结果 21只眼发生SOG,占总眼数的22.1%.21只眼的平均硅油填充时间为(10.8±5.1)个月.其中,16只眼为无晶状体眼,占无晶状体眼的33.3%;5只眼为有晶状体眼或人工晶状体眼,占有晶状体眼或人工晶状体眼的10.6%.18只眼的硅油填充时间＞6个月,占硅油填充时间＞6个月眼的28.6%;3只眼的硅油填充时间≤6个月,占硅油填充时间≤6个月眼的9.4%.17只眼查见硅油乳化,占81.0%.行硅油取出手术后17只眼1周内眼压恢复正常,占SOG眼的81.0%.结论 无晶状体眼、硅油填充时间长是SOG发病的危险因素,硅油乳化是主要的发病原因,及时取出硅油是有效的治疗方法.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the risk factors and treatment of silicone oil glaucoma (SOG).Methods Ninety-five eyes of 93 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade were evaluated in this study. The lens was removed in 58 eyes in which intraocular lens (IOL) was implanted in 10 eyes, so 48 eyes were aphakic. Silicone oil tamponade time was ≤6 months in 32 eyes,and ＞6 months in 63 eyes. The follow-up time ranged from 2 to 25 months, with a mean of (9.5±5.1)months. The fundus and intraocular pressure (IOP) were evaluated at 1 week, 2 weeks and 1 month after surgery. The diagnosis of SOG was established if the one-month postoperative IOP ＞ 21 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa), and primary and neovascular glaucoma were excluded. After the diagnosis of SOG, carteolol hydrochloride and brinzolamide solution were immediately applied to the eye, and intravenous mannitol infusion was performed. If the IOP still can not be controlled after 1 week of such treatment, silicone oil removal surgery will be performed. If removal of silicone oil can not control the IOP,trabeculectomy surgery will be performed. Results SOG occurred in 21 eyes (22.1%), including 5 phakic eyes (10.6% of 47 phakic eyes) and 16 aphakic eyes (33.3% of 48 aphakic eyes) , 3 eyes (9.4% of 32 eyes)with short tamponade time (≤6 months) and 18 eyes (28.6% of 63 eyes) with long tamponade time (＞6months). The average silicone oil tamponade time was (10.8±5.1) months. Emulsification of the silicone oil occurred in 17 eyes (81.0%). After silicone oil removed, IOP was controlled in 17 eyes (81.0%) within one week. Conclusions Aphakic eye and the duration of silicone oil tamponade are the risk factors of SOG.Emulsification of silicone oil is the main cause. Silicone oil removal is an effective way to treat SOG.     

糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切除术后新生血管性青光眼原因分析

目的:探讨增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者玻璃体切除术后发生新生血管性青光眼的原因。方法:对行玻璃体切除术后9例病例(11眼)发生新生血管性青光眼的原因进行回顾性分析。结果:11眼中行晶状体手术7眼,其中后囊破裂或不完整6眼,术前存在虹膜新生血管(NVI)2眼,术后视网膜脱离1眼,手术后至发生新生血管性青光眼(NVG)期间11眼均未行眼底荧光血管造影和视网膜光凝。结论:术中联合行晶状体手术、玻璃体腔填充物、光凝效果、术后发生视网膜脱离、术前存在NVI等对术后发生新生血管性青光眼均有影响。     

雷珠单抗辅助玻璃体切割和PRP联合小梁切除术治疗NVG的疗效

目的：观察雷珠单抗辅助玻璃体切割+全视网膜光凝(PRP)+小梁切除术治疗新生血管性青光眼(NVG)的临床疗效。

方法：回顾性分析2017-03/2018-10收治的NVG患者44例44眼,采用玻璃体腔内注射雷珠单抗+玻璃体切割+PRP+小梁切除手术治疗的患者22例22眼(A组),采用玻璃体腔内注射雷珠单抗+小梁切除+PRP治疗的患者22例22眼(B组)。术后随访6mo,观察患者视力、眼压、眼压控制率、新生血管及并发症等情况。

结果：治疗前两组患者眼压无差异(46.2±9.41mmHg vs 49.1±10.15mmHg,P>0.05),治疗后1wk,1、6mo A组患者眼压均低于B组(P<0.05)。治疗后6mo,A组视力、眼压控制率(95%)、新生血管消退情况(91%)均优于B组(P<0.05),但随访期间两组患者并发症发生率无差异(P>0.05)。

结论：雷珠单抗辅助玻璃体切割+PRP+小梁切除术治疗NVG安全有效,可稳定持久地控制眼压,改善部分患者视力。     

急性视网膜坏死综合征硅油填充术后硅油取出时机选择

目的观察急性视网膜坏死综合征(ARN)行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术后硅油充填期间及硅油取出术后并发症,进而探讨硅油取出的适宜时机。方法对连续就诊的伴有视网膜脱离的48例(48只眼)ARN患者实施玻璃体切除视网膜复位联合硅油填充术,对于确认视网膜已经复位,没有活动性的增生病变及视网膜裂孔,并在视网膜变性区域补充激光光凝的所有患者经不同时长的硅油填充期后实施硅油取出术,回顾分析其硅油填充期间及硅油取出术后并发症如视网膜脱离、并发性白内障、继发性青光眼、角膜变性等的发生情况。结果硅油填充术后视力总体上较术前有明显提高;硅油填充时间为3~15个月,平均5.8个月。取出硅油之后,总体视力无明显改变;8例于取硅油术后随访期内发生视网膜再脱离;1例角膜变性的病例,在硅油取出之后无明显改变;5例并发性白内障取油时实施超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术;6例发生脉络膜脱离经药物治疗后痊愈;24例在硅油取出之后晶状体混浊程度较硅油取出术前无明显改变;3例无晶状体眼患者取油术后裸眼视力下降,但最佳矫正视力同硅油取出术前。结论硅油填充及硅油取出术的并发症主要为视网膜再脱离、脉络膜脱离、并发性白内障、继发性青光眼、硅油乳化、角膜变性、低眼压等。对于ARN而言,硅油填充时限4~6月时取油术后视网膜再脱离的发生率较低,取油较为适宜。     

康柏西普联合不同手术方式对新生血管性青光眼疗效观察

目的：探讨玻璃体腔注射康柏西普后对新生血管性青光眼(NVG)患者房水中VEGF、IL-6、IL-8的影响,并观察其联合不同手术方式对NVG患者的疗效。

方法：选择2019-01/2020-02在中国人民解放军新疆军区总医院全军眼科中心就诊的NVG患者102例,均玻璃体腔注射康柏西普,3～5d后行手术治疗,按照随机数字抽签法分为小梁切除术组(50例50眼)及EX-PRESS引流器植入术组(52例52眼),运用酶联免疫吸附法分析房水中VEGF、IL-6、IL-8的变化情况,观察虹膜新生血管消退情况,比较两组手术疗效及术后眼压变化、视力改善情况及并发症发生情况。

结果：玻璃体腔注射康柏西普3～5d后房水中VEGF、IL-6、IL-8表达水平较术前降低(均P<0.05); 术后随访各时间点两组眼压水平均显著低于术前(均P<0.05),两组患者眼压在术后3、6、12mo组间比较有差异(均P<0.05); 术后6、12mo时EX-PRESS组视力优于小梁切除术组(P<0.05); 术后12mo,两组使用抗青光眼药物种类及数量无明显差异(均P>0.05); 随访12mo,EX-PRESS组患者手术成功率(86.5%)优于小梁切除术组(70.0%),且EX-PRESS组术后并发症发生率显著低于小梁切除术组(P<0.05)。

结论：玻璃体腔注射康柏西普后可以降低NVG患者房水中VEGF、IL-6、IL-8等因子表达,同时小梁切除术与EX-PRESS引流器植入术均可降低NVG患者眼压,但后者手术并发症较少、改善视力方面更有优势。     

硅油填充术后早期高眼压的临床分析

目的：探讨玻璃体切割硅油填充术后早期高眼压的原因、临床表现及术后处理。 方法：对行玻璃体切割硅油填充术后的97例97眼患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,高眼压的标准为术后眼压≥21mmHg（1mmHg=0.133kPa）。 结果：患者27例（27.84%）出现高眼压,以术后早期（术后1wk内）为多,所有患者经降眼压药物治疗及调整激素用量或停用激素处理后,眼压均控制在正常范围（10～21mmHg）。 结论：硅油填充术后早期高眼压是常见的并发症之一,术后眼内组织水肿、炎症反应、硅油填充过量等可能是引起术后早期高眼压的主要原因,但早期对症治疗均使眼压恢复正常,可早期预防视功能的损害。     

新生血管性青光眼分期综合治疗的效果

目的探讨新生血管性青光眼按不同分期综合治疗的效果。设计回顾性病例系列。研究对象63例（69眼）新生血管性青光眼患者分为虹膜红变组（15例16眼）、开角型青光眼组（20例22眼）和闭角型青光眼组（28例31眼）。方法虹膜红变组行全视网膜光凝术治疗,其中3眼行白内障手术,1眼玻璃体内注射bevacizumab。开角型青光眼组在全视网膜光凝术基础上应用抗青光眼药物,其中8眼行小梁切除术,4眼行白内障手术,2眼白内障联合玻璃体切除,5眼玻璃体内注射bevacizumab。闭角型青光眼组在全视网膜光凝术、抗青光眼药物、小梁切除术或睫状体光凝术基础上,联合玻璃体内注射bevacizumab,其中21眼玻璃体切除联合白内障手术,12眼填充硅油。平均随访（18.6±15.3）个月。主要指标视力、眼压、虹膜红变、前房角及并发症。结果虹膜红变组、开角型青光眼组和闭角型青光眼组治疗后视力不变或提高分别为15眼（93.8%）、17眼（77.3%）和16眼（51.6%）（χ2=9.76,P﹤0.01）。治疗前眼压分别为（14.6±3.8）mmHg、（31.6±9.1）mmHg和（44.8±12.2）mmHg,治疗后眼压为（14.1±3.86）mmHg、（17.9±3.7）mmHg和（18.9±10.8）mmHg（F=185.8,P﹤0.001）。治疗后虹膜红变在虹膜红变组16/16眼消退,开角型青光眼组20/22眼消退及闭角型青光眼组28/31眼消退。治疗后前房角在虹膜红变组16眼仍为宽角,开角型青光眼组18/22眼前房角中的纤维血管膜萎缩,房角开放范围较治疗前扩大,闭角型青光眼组31眼房角中的纤维血管膜不同程度萎缩,但房角开放范围无扩大。三组患者治疗后并发症的发生率分别为6.3%、22.7%和48.4%（χ2=9.75,P﹤0.01）。结论新生血管性青光眼按临床分期差异化综合治疗对虹膜红变期及开角型青光眼期效果较好。     

Efficacy and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab with panretinal photocoagulation followed by trabeculectomy compared with Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in neovascular glaucoma

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) followed by trabeculectomy compared with Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in neovascular glaucoma (NVG). METHODS: This was a retrospective comparative study. We reviewed the cases of a total of 45 eyes from 45 NVG patients among which 23 eyes underwent AGV implantation and the other 22 underwent trabeculectomy. The causes of neovascular glaucoma included: diabetic retinopathy (25 eyes), and retinal vein occlusion (20 eyes). All patients received preoperative IVR combined with postoperative PRP. The mean best-corrected visual acuities (BCVA) were converted to the logarithms of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) for the statisitical analyses. Intraocular pressure (IOP), the logMAR BCVA and surgical complications were evaluated before and after surgery. The follow-up period was 12mo. RESULTS: A total of 39 cases showed complete regression of iris neovascularization at 7d after injection, and 6 cases showed a small amount of residual iris neovascularization. The success rates were 81.8% and 82.6% at 12mo after trabeculectomy and AGV implantation, respectively. In the trabeculectomy group, the logMAR BCVA improved at the last follow-up in 14 eyes, remained stable in 6 eyes and decreased in 2 eyes. In 4 cases, slight hyphemas developed after trabeculectomy. A shallow anterior chamber developed in 2 cases and 2 vitreous hemorrhages. In the AGV group, the logMAR BCVA improved in 14 eyes, remained stable in 5 eyes and decreased in 4 eyes. Slight hyphemas developed in 3 cases, and a shallow anterior chamber in 3 cases. The mean postoperative IOP was significantly lower in both groups after surgery (F=545.468, P<0.05), and the mean postoperative logMAR BCVA was also significantly improved (F=10.964, P<0.05) with no significant difference between two groups. CONCLUSION: It is safe and effective to treat NVG with this combined procedure, and we found similar results after IVR+AGV implantation+PRP and IVR+trabeculectomy+PRP in eyes with NVG.     

玻璃体切割手术治疗急性视网膜坏死综合征的长期随访观察

目的 观察玻璃体切割手术(PPV)治疗急性视网膜坏死综合征(ARN)的长期效果.方法 回顾性分析17例ARN患者19只眼接受PPV治疗后随访观察1年及以上的临床资料.所有患者均经临床症状、裂隙灯显微镜以及间接检眼镜检查明确临床诊断.手术前最佳矫正视力(BCVA)无光感～0.1,1只眼为0.1,其中18只眼存在视网膜脱离.19只眼均行常规PPV治疗.19只眼分别接受1～5次手术,平均手术次数2.8次;18只眼接受再次或多次手术,占94.7%.治疗后随访观察12～120个月,平均随访时间44个月.分析首次PPV手术后视网膜复位情况;统计再次或多次手术的主要原因;对比观察治疗前后BCVA、眼压、视网膜以及眼球形态变化.结果 首次PPV手术后第1天17只眼视网膜完全复位.再次或多次手术的主要原因为单纯硅油取出(RSO)、增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)、低眼压和视网膜脱离.随访期间9只眼BCVA≥0.1,但末次随访时仅4只眼BCVA≥0.1.19只硅油眼的平均眼压12.7 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),其中15只眼RSO手术后平均眼压5.1 mm Hg.19只眼PPV手术后均发生了不同程度的PVR.末次随访时8只眼存在不同程度的眼球萎缩.结论 PPV治疗ARN的长期效果较差.     

硅油填充眼的白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术

目的:探讨玻璃体视网膜手术联合硅油眼内填充术后并发性白内障行白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入的临床效果、临床特点及特殊手术方法。方法:回顾性分析了我科2005-01/2008-06视网膜脱离硅油注入术后并发白内障病例共47例47眼。硅油注入术后6～35(平均16.2)mo。采用超声乳化白内障摘除+人工晶状体植入术。结果:经过随访,视力提高41眼(87%);视力达到视网膜脱离术后白内障发生前的最佳视力的有32眼(68%)。最高矫正视力0.4;脱盲率为62%。结论:白内障超声乳化手术是提高硅油注入术后并发白内障患者视力的较好方法。     

新生血管性青光眼治疗时机的临床研究

目的:探讨新生血管性青光眼(neovascular glaucoma,NVG)发病不同时期治疗方案的选择。方法:对116例123眼被诊断为NVG患者的病历资料,按照CNV的不同分期进行回顾性总结。结果:NVGⅠ期患者17眼行全视网膜光凝,16眼新生血管消退。Ⅱ期57眼中,17眼行全视网膜光凝,新生血管消退。26眼行全视网膜光凝联合小梁切除术,23眼眼压控制良好。9眼行玻璃体切除+全视网膜光凝联合小梁切除术,8眼眼压控制良好。5眼行青光眼阀植入术联合全视网膜光凝术,眼压控制良好。Ⅲ期49眼中,3眼行青光眼阀植入术联合全视网膜光凝术,2眼眼压控制良好。38眼行周边视网膜冷凝、睫状体冷冻联合小梁切除术,29眼眼压控制良好。3眼行眼球摘除术,5眼行睫状神经剪断术。结论:从NVG分期角度出发,应根据患者不同病情制订个体化的治疗方案。     

无眼内填充的玻璃体视网膜手术治疗糖尿病视网膜病变牵引性视网膜脱离疗效观察

目的观察无硅油或气体等眼内填充的玻璃体视网膜手术治疗增生型糖尿病视网膜病变牵拉性视网膜脱离(DTRD)的长期疗效。方法回顾分析未行硅油或气体填充的玻璃体视网膜手术治疗不合并手术前或手术中医源性视网膜裂孔的DTRD患者104例112只眼的临床资料。患者中,合并虹膜新生血管（INV）者6只眼;新生血管性青光眼（NVG）者1只眼;合并黄斑区视网膜脱离者50只眼,未合并黄斑区视网膜脱离者62只眼。采用标准三切口经睫状体平坦部玻璃体切割手术,手术后均未使用硅油或惰性气体、空气填充,只保留手术中灌注液。15只眼手术中联合行白内障摘除和人工晶状体植入。手术后随访12～65个月,平均随访时间29个月。结果手术后2个月以内视网膜下液完全吸收。随访期末,107只眼视网膜1次手术复位,占95.54%。79只眼最佳矫正视力提高,占70.53%,14 只眼视力保持不变,占12.50%,19眼视力下降,占16.97%。合并黄斑区视网膜脱离眼,手术后33只眼最佳矫正视力提高,占6600%,未合并黄斑区视网膜脱离眼,手术后46只眼视力提高,占74.19%。二者比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.89, P=0.34)。7只眼存在INV,占6.25%,其中5只眼为手术后新发,未出现新增NVG患者。多因素logistic回归分析显示,手术前合并INV是手术后INV的危险因子（OR＝10.15）,手术前后最佳矫正视力是保护性因子（OR分别为0.09、0.06）。未行白内障手术眼中,未发现明显晶状体混浊加重。结论不用硅油或气体填充的玻璃体视网膜手术治疗未合并视网膜裂孔的DTRD即可获得较好的长期治疗效果。     

玻璃体切割术后早期角膜内皮细胞形态学改变

目的研究玻璃体切割术对晶体完整者角膜内皮细胞的早期影响。方法122例（131眼）行玻璃体切割术，其中无眼内充填46例（47眼），C3F8充填36例（38眼），硅油充填40例（46眼），分别在术前、术后1天、3天、5天和15天测量眼压、角膜内皮细胞密度、六角形细胞比例和变异系数。结果与术前相比，无眼内充填者眼压无明显改变，术后1天角膜六角形细胞百分数下降；C3F8充填术后1天眼压升高，角膜六角形细胞百分数术后1、3天下降；硅油充填术后1、3天眼压升高，角膜六角形细胞百分数术后1、3、5天下降；眼压升高与六角形细胞百分数下降显著相关。结论对于晶体完整者，玻璃体切割术后早期角膜内皮形态会受到一定的影响，可能主要由眼压及手术操作所致，在将眼压控制后，短期内即可恢复正常。