共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Max Borsche MD Andre Märtens MSc Philipp Hörmann PhD Theresa Brückmann MD Katja Lohmann PhD Sinem Tunc MD Christine Klein MD Karsten Hiller PhD Alexander Balck MD 《Movement disorders》2023,38(4):697-702
Background
Alterations in mitochondrial dysfunction have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Mitochondrial energy production is linked to glucose metabolism, and diabetes is associated with PD. However, studies investigating glucose metabolism in vivo in genetically stratified PD patients and controls have yet to be performed.Objectives
The objectives of this study were to explore glucose production, gluconeogenesis, and the contribution of gluconeogenesis to glucose production in idiopathic and PRKN PD compared with healthy controls with state-of-the-art biochemical methods.Methods
We applied a dried-blood sampling/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry approach to monitor fluxes in the Cori cycle in vivo.Results
The contribution of gluconeogenesis to total glucose production is increased in idiopathic PD patients (n = 33), but not in biallelic PRKN mutation carriers (n = 5) compared with healthy controls (n = 13).Conclusions
We provide first-time in vivo evidence for alterations in glucose metabolism in idiopathic PD, in keeping with the epidemiological evidence for an association between PD and diabetes. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. 相似文献2.
Jan Rusz Radim Krupička Slávka Vítečková Tereza Tykalová Michal Novotný Jan Novák Petr Dušek Evžen Růžička 《CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics》2023,29(8):2101-2110
Aim
To investigate the presence and relationship of temporal speech and gait parameters in patients with postural instability/gait disorder (PIGD) and tremor-dominant (TD) motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods
Speech samples and instrumented walkway system assessments were acquired from a total of 60 de-novo PD patients (40 in TD and 20 in PIGD subtype) and 40 matched healthy controls. Objective acoustic vocal assessment of seven distinct speech timing dimensions was related to instrumental gait measures including velocity, cadence, and stride length.Results
Compared to controls, PIGD subtype showed greater consonant timing abnormalities by prolonged voice onset time (VOT) while also shorter stride length during both normal walking and dual task, while decreased velocity and cadence only during dual task. Speaking rate was faster in PIGD than TD subtype. In PIGD subtype, prolonged VOT correlated with slower gait velocity (r = −0.56, p = 0.01) and shorter stride length (r = −0.59, p = 0.008) during normal walking, whereas relationships were also found between decreased cadence in dual task and irregular alternating motion rates (r = −0.48, p = 0.04) and prolonged pauses (r = −0.50, p = 0.03). No correlation between speech and gait was detected in TD subtype.Conclusion
Our findings suggest that speech and gait rhythm disorder share similar underlying pathomechanisms specific for PIGD subtype. 相似文献3.
Introduction
Non-focal postoperative mental status changes can be challenging. 相似文献4.
Soham Rej Sarah Waters Schulte Tarek K. Rajji Ariel G. Gildengers Dielle Miranda Mahesh Menon Meryl A. Butters Benoit H. Mulsant 《International journal of geriatric psychiatry》2018,33(10):1355-1360
Objectives
Recent data suggests that statins have positive effects on cognition in older adults. Studies in patients with mood disorders have found contradicting positive and negative effects of statins on mood and cognition, with limited data in bipolar disorder (BD). The objective of this study was to assess the association between statin use and cognition in older adults with BD.Methods
In a cross‐sectional sample of 143 euthymic older adults with BD (age ≥ 50), statin users (n = 48) and nonusers (n = 95) were compared for cognitive outcomes: Global and cognitive domain z‐scores were calculated from detailed neuropsychological batteries using normative data from healthy comparators (n = 87).Results
The sample had a mean age of 64.3 (±8.9) years, 65.0% were female, with an average of 15.1 (±2.79) years of education. Statin users did not differ from nonusers on global (?0.60 [±0.69] vs ?0.49 [±0.68], t[127] = 0.80, P = .42) or individual cognitive domains z‐score.Conclusions
In older patients with BD, statin use is not independently associated with cognitive impairment. This suggests that in older BD patients, the cognitive dysfunction associated with BD trumps the potential cognitive benefit that is associated with statins in older adults without a psychiatric disorder. Further, statins do not seem to exacerbate this cognitive dysfunction. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings. 相似文献5.
Background
Both individual and familial histories of mental illness are substantial risk factors for suicide in young people. 相似文献6.
Elizabeth R. Fraser Gordon Kordas Bryony Stokes Michael G. McDonell Oladunni Oluwoye 《Early intervention in psychiatry》2023,17(6):636-640
Aim
This study examined the relationship between recent substance use prior to intake and program graduation among young adults with early psychosis enrolled in coordinated specialty care.Methods
Participants (N = 248) were from New Journeys, a network of coordinated specialty care programs in Washington State. Recent (i.e., past 30 days) alcohol, cannabis, and other substance use was collected at intake and process data (e.g., contact) was collected by clinicians across a 2-year period.Results
At intake, 32% of participants reported alcohol use only, 26% cannabis use only, and 15% both alcohol and cannabis use. Participants who reported alcohol use only (p = .02), cannabis use only (p = .03), and any substance use (p = .02) had significantly lower chances of graduating from coordinated specialty care than individuals who do not use substances.Conclusions
Unlike prior work, recent substance use influences clients' potential to graduate from New Journeys. Additional focus on the implementation of substance use treatment, with an emphasis on alcohol use, in coordinated specialty care programs is needed improve program completion rates. 相似文献7.
Jinghuan Gan Zhihong Shi Chuantao Zuo Xiaobin Zhao Shuai Liu Yongjie Chen Nan Zhang Li Cai Ruixue Cui Lin Ai Yi-Hui Guan Yong Ji 《CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics》2023,29(8):2193-2205
Aims
To estimate the proportions of specific hypometabolic patterns and their association with neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in patients with cognitive impairment (CI).Methods
This multicenter study with 1037 consecutive patients was conducted from December 2012 to December 2019. 18F-FDG PET and clinical/demographic information, NPS assessments were recorded and analyzed to explore the associations between hypometabolic patterns and clinical features by correlation analysis and multivariable logistic regression models.Results
Patients with clinical Alzheimer's disease (AD, 81.6%, 605/741) and dementia with Lewy bodies (67.9%, 19/28) mostly had AD-pattern hypometabolism, and 76/137 (55.5%) of patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration showed frontal and anterior temporal pattern (FT-P) hypometabolism. Besides corticobasal degeneration, patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (36/58), semantic dementia (7/10), progressive non-fluent aphasia (6/9), frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (3/5), and progressive supranuclear palsy (21/37) also mostly showed FT-P hypometabolism. The proportion of FT-P hypometabolism was associated with the presence of hallucinations (R = 0.171, p = 0.04), anxiety (R = 0.182, p = 0.03), and appetite and eating abnormalities (R = 0.200, p = 0.01) in AD.Conclusion
Specific hypometabolic patterns in FDG-PET are associated with NPS and beneficial for the early identification and management of NPS in patients with CI. 相似文献8.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper was to study the clinical characteristic, treatment, and prognosis of childhood meningioma. 相似文献9.
Lorna Staines Colm Healy Ian Kelleher David Cotter Annette Burns Mary Cannon 《Early intervention in psychiatry》2023,17(9):901-909
Aim
Evidence suggest individuals with mental disorders and psychotic experiences (PE), even transient PE, show poorer psychosocial outcomes relative to those with mental disorders. The concept of “attachment” is hypothesized as the mechanism by which people seek support in times of need. This can be measured as discrete styles or as positive (low avoidance/anxiety)/negative (high avoidance/anxiety) dimensions. Adult attachment has previously been examined on PE risk factors, but not outcomes. This study aimed to examine the relationship between transient childhood PE and adult psychosocial outcomes, comparing those with and without mental disorders. Second, to examine the role of adult attachment.Method
Participants (n = 103) attended baseline (age 11–13) and 10-year follow-up. PE and mental disorders were measured using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-aged Children. Attachment and outcomes were measured using self-report measures. Analysis compared those with PE (with/without mental disorders), and mental disorders without PE, to controls, using linear and Poisson regression.Results
PE was associated with lower self-esteem (β = −2.28, p = .03), perceived social support from friends (β = −2.80, p = .01), and higher stress in platonic relationships (IRR = 1.64). PE and mental disorders were associated with lower self-esteem (β = −5.74, p = .002), higher stress in romantic (IRR = 1.40) and platonic (IRR = 1.59) relationships, general stress (β = 5.60, p = .006), and mental distress (β = 5.67, p = .001). Mental disorders alone was not associated with any measure. Adult attachment dimensions attenuated some results.Conclusions
This paper illustrates the association between transient PE and adult psychosocial outcomes, with & without co-occurring mental disorders, and demonstrates the role of adult attachment. 相似文献10.
Clozapine as a first‐ or second‐line treatment in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
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C. Okhuijsen‐Pfeifer E. A. H. Huijsman A. Hasan I. E. C. Sommer S. Leucht R. S. Kahn J. J. Luykx 《Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica》2018,138(4):281-288
Objective
No consensus exists on whether clozapine should be prescribed in early stages of psychosis. This systematic review and meta‐analysis therefore focus on the use of clozapine as first‐line or second‐line treatment in non‐treatment‐resistant patients.Methods
Articles were eligible if they investigated clozapine compared to another antipsychotic as a first‐ or second‐line treatment in non‐treatment‐resistant schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SCZ) patients and provided data on treatment response. We performed random‐effects meta‐analyses.Results
Fifteen articles were eligible for the systematic review (N = 314 subjects on clozapine and N = 800 on other antipsychotics). Our meta‐analysis comparing clozapine to a miscellaneous group of antipsychotics revealed a significant benefit of clozapine (Hedges’ g = 0.220, P = 0.026, 95% CI = 0.026–0.414), with no evidence of heterogeneity. In addition, a sensitivity analysis revealed a significant benefit of clozapine over risperidone (Hedges’ g = 0.274, P = 0.030, 95% CI = 0.027–0.521).Conclusion
The few eligible trials on this topic suggest that clozapine may be more effective than other antipsychotics when used as first‐ or second‐line treatment. Only large clinical trials may comprehensively probe disease stage‐dependent superiority of clozapine and investigate overall tolerability. 相似文献11.
Correlations between psychopathology and self‐reported quality of life among adolescents in youth correctional facilities in Lagos,Nigeria: A short report
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Olayinka Atilola Bolanle Ola Gbonjubola Abiri Abiodun O. Adewuya 《Criminal behaviour and mental health : CBMH》2018,28(1):28-35
Background
The relationship between psychopathology and quality of life (QoL) and well‐being among young incarcerated offenders has hardly been explored.Aims
Our aim was to test the hypothesis that higher self‐rated psychopathology would be associated with lower QoL among adolescents resident within youth correctional facilities in Lagos.Methods
Psychopathology was assessed using the Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ), while QoL was measured by using the Paediatric Quality of Life .Results
One hundred and sixty‐five adolescents completed the study, mostly boys (n = 124; 75%) with a mean age of 14.3 ± 2.1 years. Nearly, a fifth (30, 18%) of respondents had abnormal total SDQ scores (≥17), suggestive of definite psychiatric disorder, while another 44 (27%) had highly probable psychopathology (total SDQ scores 15–16). There was strong negative correlation (r = ?0.51, p < 0.001) between total SDQ scores and overall self‐reported QoL among respondents.Conclusions and implications for practice
Although we were unable to infer direction of relationship between psychopathology and QoL among these adolescents, it is plausible to suppose that treatment of mental health problems could have a positive impact on rehabilitation and reintegration. Given the rate of likely psychopathology, mental health screening within young offender institutions should be routine, and followed, as necessary with full assessment and resultant treatment. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献12.
Gut microbial signatures and differences in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia of emerging adulthood
Yi-huan Chen Cui-hong Zhou Huan Yu Wen-jun Wu Ying-wei Wang Ling Liu Guang-tao Hu Bao-juan Li Zheng-wu Peng Hua-ning Wang 《CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics》2023,29(Z1):5-17
Introduction
Gut microbial disturbance has been established as potential pathogenesis of mental disorders. However, the signatures and differences regarding patients with schizophrenia (SCH) or bipolar disorder (BD) in emerging adulthood as well as their subtypes have been poorly addressed.Methods
In the present study, stool samples obtained from 63 emerging adult patients with schizophrenia (SCH), 50 with bipolar disorder (BD), and 40 healthy controls (HC) were analyzed by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing; psychiatric symptoms and psychological, social, and professional functioning were also assessed.Results
We found that gut microbiota composition was remarkably changed in the patients with SCH and BD. Moreover, the distinct gut microbiome signatures and their potential function in bipolar depression (BP-D) and SCH with predominantly negative symptoms (SCH-N) as well as bipolar mania (BP-M) and SCH with predominantly positive symptoms (SCH-P) were also observed. Furthermore, we identified diagnostic potential biomarkers that can distinguish BD from HC (38 genera, AUC = 0.961), SCH from HC (32 genera, AUC = 0.962), and BD from Scheme (13 genera, AUC = 0.823). Potential diagnostic biomarkers that can distinguish BD-D from SCH-N (16 genera, AUC = 0.969) and BD-M from SCH-P (31 genera, AUC = 0.938) were also identified.Conclusion
This study provides further understanding of abnormal gut microbiome in emerging adulthood patients with SCH and BD and lay the potential foundation for the development of microbe-based clinical diagnosis for BD and SCH. 相似文献13.
Holger J. Sørensen Erik L. Mortensen August G. Wang Knud Juel Leigh Silverton Sarnoff A. Mednick 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2009,44(9):748-751
Background
A family history of completed suicide and psychiatric illness has been identified as risk factors for suicide. 相似文献14.
Johanna Nilsson PhD Julius Constantinescu Bengt Nellgård MD PhD Protik Jakobsson MD Wagner S. Brum Johan Gobom PhD Lars Forsgren MD PhD Keti Dalla MD PhD Radu Constantinescu MD PhD Henrik Zetterberg MD PhD Oskar Hansson MD PhD Kaj Blennow MD PhD David Bäckström MD PhD Ann Brinkmalm PhD 《Movement disorders》2023,38(2):267-277
Background
Synaptic dysfunction and degeneration are central contributors to the pathogenesis and progression of parkinsonian disorders. Therefore, identification and validation of biomarkers reflecting pathological synaptic alterations are greatly needed and could be used in prognostic assessment and to monitor treatment effects.Objective
To explore candidate biomarkers of synaptic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) and related disorders.Methods
Mass spectrometry was used to quantify 15 synaptic proteins in two clinical cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cohorts, including PD (n1 = 51, n2 = 101), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) (n1 = 11, n2 = 3), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) (n1 = 22, n2 = 21), multiple system atrophy (MSA) (n1 = 31, n2 = 26), and healthy control (HC) (n1 = 48, n2 = 30) participants, as well as Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n2 = 23) patients in the second cohort.Results
Across both cohorts, lower levels of the neuronal pentraxins (NPTX; 1, 2, and receptor) were found in PD, MSA, and PSP, compared with HC. In MSA and PSP, lower neurogranin, AP2B1, and complexin-2 levels compared with HC were observed. In AD, levels of 14-3-3 zeta/delta, beta- and gamma-synuclein were higher compared with the parkinsonian disorders. Lower pentraxin levels in PD correlated with Mini-Mental State Exam scores and specific cognitive deficits (NPTX2; rho = 0.25–0.32, P < 0.05) and reduced dopaminergic pre-synaptic integrity as measured by DaTSCAN (NPTX2; rho = 0.29, P = 0.023). Additionally, lower levels were associated with the progression of postural imbalance and gait difficulty symptoms (All NPTX; β-estimate = −0.025 to −0.038, P < 0.05) and cognitive decline (NPTX2; β-estimate = 0.32, P = 0.021).Conclusions
These novel findings show different alterations of synaptic proteins in parkinsonian disorders compared with AD and HC. The neuronal pentraxins may serve as prognostic CSF biomarkers for both cognitive and motor symptom progression in PD. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. 相似文献15.
Background
Popular theories of health behavior have often been criticized for neglecting an affective component to behavioral engagement. 相似文献16.
Background
This article aims to provide an introduction to emerging evidence and debate about the relationship between climate change and mental health. 相似文献17.
Amir H. Talebi MD Jan H.L. Ypinga MSc Nienke M. De Vries PhD Jorik Nonnekes MD PhD Marten Munneke PhD Bas R. Bloem MD PhD FRCPE Tom Heskes PhD Yoav Ben-Shlomo PhD MRCP Sirwan K.L. Darweesh MD PhD 《Movement disorders》2023,38(2):223-231
Background
Specialized versus generic physiotherapy (PT) reduces Parkinson's disease (PD)–related complications. It is unclear (1) whether other specialized allied heath disciplines, including occupational therapy (OT) and speech and language therapy (S<), also reduce complications; (2) whether there is a synergistic effect among multiple specialized disciplines; and (3) whether each allied health discipline prevents specific complications.Objectives
To longitudinally assessed whether the level of expertise (specialized vs. generic training) of PT, OT, and S< was associated with the incidence rate of PD-related complications.Methods
We used claims data of all insured persons with PD in the Netherlands between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018. ParkinsonNet-trained therapists were classified as specialized, and other therapists as generic. We used mixed-effects Poisson regression models to estimate rate ratios adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.Results
The population of 51,464 persons with PD (mean age, 72.4 years; standard deviation 9.8) sustained 10,525 PD-related complications during follow-up (median 3.3 years). Specialized PT was associated with fewer complications (incidence rate ratio [IRR] of specialized versus generic = 0.79; 95% confidence interval, [0.74–0.83]; P < 0.0001), as was specialized OT (IRR = 0.88 [0.77–0.99]; P = 0.03). We found a trend of an association between specialized S< and a lower rate of PD-related complications (IRR = 0.88 [0.74–1.04]; P = 0.18). The inverse association of specialized OT persisted in the stratum, which also received specialized PT (IRR = 0.62 [0.42–0.90]; P = 0.001). The strongest inverse association of PT was seen with orthopedic injuries (IRR = 0.78 [0.73–0.82]; P < 0.0001) and of S< with pneumonia (IRR = 0.70 [0.53–0.93]; P = 0.03).Conclusions
These findings support a wider introduction of specialized allied health therapy expertise in PD care and conceivably for other medical conditions. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. 相似文献18.
Introduction
New advancements of intraoperative neurophysiology for surgery in and around the brainstem have been described. 相似文献19.
Stuart B. Murray Ryan P. Cabeen Kay Jann Reza Tadayonnejad Michael Strober Jamie D. Feusner 《Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica》2023,147(2):134-144
Background
Behavioral features of anorexia nervosa (AN) suggest abnormalities in reward and habit. Neuroimaging evidence suggests morphometric and functional perturbations within these circuits, although fewer studies have assessed white matter characteristics in AN, and no studies to date have assessed white matter microstructure in AN.Methods
In this brain imaging study, 29 female adolescents with partially or fully weight-restored AN and 27 healthy controls, all between 10 and 19 years, underwent whole-brain multi-shell diffusion tensor imaging. Utilizing neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging methods, we investigated group differences in white matter neurite density, orientation dispersion, and myelin density in tracts between prominent nodes of the reward circuit (ventral tegmental area (VTA) to nucleus accumbens (NAcc)) and the habit circuit (sensory motor area [SMA] to putamen).Results
Findings revealed reduced neurite (F = 5.20, p = 0.027) and myelin density (F = 5.39, p = 0.025) in the left VTA-NAcc tract, and reduced orientation dispersion in the left (F = 7.00, p = 0.011) and right (F = 6.77, p = 0.012) VTA-NAcc tract. There were no significant group differences in the SMA-putamen tract. Significant relationships, after corrections, were not evident between tract microstructure and reward responsiveness, compulsive behaviors, illness duration, or BMI.Conclusions
Adolescents with AN exhibit less dense, undermyelinated, and less dispersed white matter tracts connecting prominent reward system nodes, which could potentially signify underutilization of this part of the reward circuit. These results provide a detailed examination of white matter microstructure in tracts underlying instrumental behavioral phenotypes contributing to illness in AN. 相似文献20.