绝经后女性类风湿关节炎患者脊柱骨质疏松性骨折的骨密度阈值探讨

目的探讨绝经女性中类风湿关节炎(RA)患者发生脊柱骨质疏松性骨折(OPF)的骨密度(BMD)阈值。方法选择334例RA患者及性别、年龄相匹配的健康对照组50例,采用双能X线骨密度吸收仪测定研究对象腰椎2~4(L2、L3、L4、L2-4)的BMD,以X线摄片(脊柱正侧位片)作为确定研究对象骨质疏松性骨折(OPF)的诊断方法。结果 RA腰椎2~4的BMD均明显低于正常对照组(P0.05);RA患者腰椎2~4总的骨质疏松(OP)发生率为27.2%(91/334),明显高于正常对照组OP发生率14.0%(7/50)(!2=4.905,P0.05)。RA患者的腰椎OPF发生率为16.8%(56/334),明显高于对照组6.0%(3/50)(!2=3.877,P0.05)。RA患者OP组中脊柱OPF发生率为39.2%,骨量减少RA患者中脊柱OPF的发生率为15.7%,骨量正常组RA患者中为13.9%,3组间脊柱OPF发生率有明显差别(!2=23.821,P0.001)。RA患者L2-4部位BMD及其对应的T值与发生OPF的ROC曲线分析显示:L2-4BMD-OPF的AUC为0.646,BMD截点值为0.847g/cm2(P0.0001);L2-4T值-OPF的AUC为0.665,T值截点值为-2.25(P0.0001)。RA患者中采用多元Logistic回归分析显示:年龄(OR=1.058,P0.001,95%CI:1.027~1.089)和使用糖皮质激素(OR=2.021,P0.05,95%CI:1.125~3.633)为RA患者发生脊柱OPF的危险因素,腰椎L2-4部位BMD(OR=0.205,P0.05,95%CI:0.048~0.876)为RA患者发生脊柱OPF的保护因素。结论 RA患者发生脊柱OPF的风险明显高于正常人,且在非OP状态下就可以发生,其发生脊柱OPF的腰椎BMD阈值是降低的。     

风湿活动度预测绝经后女性类风湿关节炎患者骨密度的研究

目的探讨能够预测绝经后女性类风湿关节炎(Rheumatoid Arthritis RA)患者骨质疏松的指标。方法收集100例绝经后女性RA患者一般临床资料包括年龄、病程、血沉、C反应蛋白、类风湿因子、抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体、关节疼痛数目、关节肿胀数目,采用双能量X线骨密度仪测量腰椎、股骨及全身总的平均骨密度,比较临床资料并分析可能影响骨密度的因素。结果1.绝经后女性类风湿关节炎患者骨质疏松比例为33%,骨量减少比例47%,骨量正常比例20%。2.骨质疏松组的年龄、病程、血沉、关节疼痛数目、DAS28均高于非骨质疏松组,且有统计学意义。3.采用Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄和DAS28是绝经后女性RA患者骨密度的独立危险因素。4.骨密度T值为诊断骨质疏松的金标准绘制受试者工作曲线,计算DAS28、年龄诊断骨质疏松的切点为5.3分和59.5岁。结论风湿活动度和年龄对于绝经后女性RA患者有较强的骨质疏松预警作用。     

类风湿关节炎患者并发骨质疏松的临床研究

目的探讨类风湿关节炎(RA)患者骨密度(BMD)的变化和骨质疏松(OP)的发生情况及其与临床指标的相关性。方法 采用双能X线骨密度仪,测量了105例RA患者的腰椎和股骨颈的骨矿含量,并同时测定关节功能、X线分期、关节压痛数和肿胀数、C反应蛋白(CRP)、抗链球菌溶血素"O"(ASO)、血清类风湿因子(RF)、血沉(ESR)、抗瓜氨酸肽抗体(CCP)、血钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶等指标。结果105例RA患者中骨质疏松的发生率是47%,RA患者中OP组与非OP组比较在年龄(P0.001),病程(P0.01),ESR(P0.05),Ca(P0.05),AKP(P0.01),关节功能(P0.05)均具有显著差异,关节压痛数和肿胀数及RF、CRP、CCP、P、ASO、X线分期等指标比较无差异。RA患者中激素组与非激素组间发生率的比较差异有显著性(X2=11.021,OR=4.189,P=0.001)。股骨颈与腰椎BMD比较显示激素组与非激素组间均具有明显差异(P0.01)。激素使用小剂量组OP发生较非小剂量组多(P0.01),激素长时间用药组较短时间用药组的OP发生多(P0.01)。RA患者中免疫抑制剂组与非免疫抑制剂组间引起OP的比较无差异(X2=0.536 OR=1.333,P=0.464)。结论 确诊为RA的患者应进行BMD检测,以了解骨矿含量,在RA治疗过程中需早期发现、早期预防骨质疏松的发生。     

女性类风湿关节炎患者骨密度的研究

目的探讨女性类风湿关节炎(RA)患者骨密度(BMD)的变化和骨质疏松(OP)的发生情况及其与临床指标的相关性.方法采用双能X线骨密度仪,测量了45例女性RA患者和45例女性正常人的前臂、腰椎2～4以及股骨颈、Ward区和大转子的骨矿含量,并同时测定握力、关节功能、X线分期、关节压痛数和肿胀数、日常生活能力评估(以健康评估表HAQ积分表示)和血沉、血清类风湿因子、C反应蛋白、钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶等指标.结果女性RA患者中除股骨Ward区骨量丢失较对照组差异有显著性(P＜0.05)外,其余各测定部位的BMD与对照组间差异无显著性(P＞0.05).45例女性RA患者中发生骨质疏松较非骨质疏松组年龄更大(P＜0.005),关节功能更差(P＜0.01),HAQ积分更高(P＜0.05),握力更低(P＜0.05),CRP更高(P＜0.05).女性RA患者中服用糖皮质激素组与未服用糖皮质激素组间BMD及OP发生情况的差异无显著性(P＞0.05).绝经后女性RA患者的骨量丢失较绝经前明显(P＜0.05);除桡骨远端外,绝经后患者各测定部位BMD均低于绝经前患者(P＜0.05).Logistic Regression分析显示年龄:OR=1.085[(1.019-1.156),P=0.011]和关节功能:OR=4.828[(1.368-17.039),P=0.014]为RA患者骨质疏松发生的相关因素.结论女性RA患者的总体骨量变化与正常人相近,但股骨Ward区的骨量丢失明显高于正常人.其BMD的降低和OP的发生与年龄、绝经和关节炎的严重程度有关.     

女性类风湿关节炎患者前臂骨密度测定在诊断骨质疏松中的应用价值及影响因素分析

目的探讨绝经后女性类风湿关节炎患者前臂骨密度扫描的分布规律,并通过与椎体、髋部双能X线(DXA)进行对比,确定其在类风湿关节炎(RA)患者骨质疏松诊断中的价值。方法采用DXA法,同时测量200例女性绝经后RA患者非优势侧前臂远端以及腰椎、左髋部骨密度。比较不同扫描部位之间骨密度值的关系,并探讨以诊断中轴骨密度异常的诊断界值,以及可能影响外周骨密度的因素。结果 (1)200例女性绝经RA患者平均年龄(55.9±13.8)岁。根据中轴DXA结果及骨折病史,170例(85.0%)骨密度异常(T值-1.0)。(2)RA患者中轴骨密度异常组前臂远端骨密度(0.33±0.13)g/cm~2,低于正常组(0.44±0.06)g/cm~2,(t=4.29,P0.01)。(3)病程1年以上、抗CCP抗体阳性RA患者前臂骨密度降低。(4)前臂骨密度与中轴骨密度呈正相关。(5)使用前臂骨密度诊断腰椎和左髋骨质疏松的最佳T值分别为-2.65(敏感度为0.702,特异度为0.774)和-2.50(敏感度为0.741,特异度为0.706)。(6)Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(P=0.012)、病程(P=0.011)、以及抗CCP抗体阳性(P=0.05)分别是造成RA患者前臂BMD异常的独立危险因素。结论 RA患者前臂骨密度可以作为筛查女性类风湿关节炎患者中轴骨质疏松的辅助工具,高龄、疾病病程长以及抗CCP抗体阳性患者更容易出现骨密度下降。     

绝经后女性2型糖尿病患者腰椎骨质疏松的影响因素研究

目的探讨绝经后女性2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者腰椎骨质疏松(osteoporosis,OP)的影响因素。方法选取2018年3月至2019年10月在武汉科技大学附属孝感医院内分泌科住院的绝经后女性T2DM患者186例为研究对象,按腰椎骨密度T值分为骨质疏松组(OP组)和非骨质疏松组(NOP组)。收集一般资料(年龄、身高、体重、妊娠次数、生育次数、绝经年龄、DM病程、DM家族史、高血压、脂肪肝);血检指标(Hb A1c、FPG、Fins及生化);采用双能X线骨密度仪测量腰椎的骨密度T值和腰椎、股骨的骨髓脂肪含量(LFC、FFC)。分析OP组和NOP组指标的差异及腰椎OP的影响因素。采用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学分析,使用t检验、非参数检验、卡方检验,Pearson和Spearman相关性分析,二元Logistic回归分析,P0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 OP组年龄、FFC、ALP、HBDH、LDH、绝经年限、妊娠次数、生育次数高于NOP组(P 0.05),OP组体质量指数(BMI)、GGT低于NOP组(P0.05);两组在FPG、Fins、Hb A1c、DM病程、DM家族史、高血压、脂肪肝、LFC、UA、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、TC、TG、CK上没有差异(P0.05)。腰椎骨密度的二元Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、FFC、ALP、绝经年限、生育次数是腰椎OP的危险因素(OR值分别为1.131、1.072、1.029、1.127、1.857),BMI是腰椎OP的保护因素(OR值为0.913)。结论年龄、FFC、ALP、绝经年限、生育次数是腰椎OP的危险因素,BMI是腰椎OP的保护因素。     

绝经后类风湿关节炎女性骨吸收与放射学进展相关

目的探讨绝经后类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)患者骨代谢指标与疾病活动指标、骨矿物质密度(bone mineral density,BMD)和放射学进展的相互关系。方法本研究共募集了68例绝经后RA患者。血清检测指标包括红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、类风湿因子(RF)和抗环胍氨酸肽抗体(CCP)。同时检测了钙、维生素D、骨碱性磷酸酶(BAP)和β胶原特殊序列(β-crosslaps)的水平。采用双能X线骨吸收仪(DXA)测量腰椎和左股骨颈的BMD(g/cm2)。DAS28和Sharp评分分别用于计算疾病活动度和放射学进展评估。运用Spearman相关分析对临床血清标记和疾病指标的相关性进行分析。结果纳入患者的异常BMD比率为94.12%,其中29.41%(20/68)为骨量减少,而64.71%(44/68)为骨质疏松。ESR、CRP和DAS28之间显著相关(P0.05),均提示疾病活动。血清β-crosslaps水平与任一疾病活动指标均无相关性(p均0.05),但与Sharp评分呈正相关(r=0.776,P=1×10-6)。结论绝经后RA患者骨量减少及骨质疏松现象突出,可能与疾病活动和/或关节结构破坏有关。β-crosslaps是与放射学进展相关而与疾病活动无关的有价值的血清标记。     

骨质疏松与类风湿关节炎

类风湿关节炎和骨质疏松在我国都属于常见病和多发病,而二者之间又有着非常重要的联系。但是目前临床上还没有一个广泛应用的药物可以同时对两者都产生很好的治疗效果。为了进一步了解骨质疏松和类风湿关节炎的关系,将来能够找到更好的治疗药物,笔者从流行病学、发病机制以及治疗方法等方面分别进行了论述。     

应用FRAX工具评估类风湿关节炎患者骨折风险及其风险因素的相关性研究

目的探讨骨折风险评估工具(FRAX)预测类风湿关节炎(RA)患者骨质疏松性骨折的临床应用价值并对其骨折风险因素进行相关性分析。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2016年2月期间经确诊的74例类风湿关节炎患者以及正常对照组76例的相关临床指标以及骨密度值;评估FRAX对类风湿关节炎患者的骨折风险预测值以及FRAX与类风湿临床风险因素之间的关系。结果类风湿组股骨颈、腰椎的骨密度值均低于对照组,而类风湿组中10年主要骨质疏松性骨折发生概率和10年髋部骨折发生概率均高于对照组。多重线性回归分析提示FRAX评分与易激动、口味偏淡、体重指数、S-CTX具有一定的相关性。结论 FRAX工具对临床评估RA患者骨质疏松性骨折风险、预后评价等方面具有良好的应用价值。     

FRAX评估类风湿关节炎患者骨折风险及相关临床危险因素的研究

目的运用FRAX探究中国RA患者骨折风险及相关临床危险因素。方法纳入52例RA、47例p SS以及41例体检健康者分别为RA组、p SS组、对照组,RA组患者检测ACPA、RF、ESR、CRP并计算DAS28-ESR、HAQ-DI,所有纳入者以双能X线吸收测定法测定骨密度并通过FRAX官方网站预估10年骨折风险。所有统计分析采用SPSS统计软件。结果 FRAX相关骨折危险因素包括身高、吸烟、饮酒、既往骨折、父母骨折,在3组间差异未见统计学意义。RA组糖皮质激素累积服用天数高于p SS组(P0.05)。通过FRAX无论是否结合骨密度评估,RA组主要骨质疏松性骨折风险及髋关节骨折风险均较对照组高(P0.01),主要骨质疏松性骨折风险亦较p SS组高(P0.05或P0.01)。通过FRAX结合骨密度评估,从年龄、糖皮质激素、绝经方面分析,RA组主要骨质疏松性骨折及髋关节骨折风险均较对照组高(P0.05或P0.01)。通过FRAX结合BMD评估RA组10年主要骨质疏松性骨折风险发生率分为低危、中危、高危组,ACPA、RF、ESR、CRP、DAS28-ESR、HAQ-DI在三组中均值呈上升趋势,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论 RA患者骨折风险评估可结合FRAX与骨密度;长期、大量服用糖皮质激素以及高龄、绝经后女性RA患者更应重视骨折风险评估;有效控制RA疾病活动度、改善关节功能情况有助于骨质疏松性骨折的预防。     

Factors associated with bisphosphonate treatment failure in postmenopausal women with primary osteoporosis

Summary

Among 97 postmenopausal women with primary osteoporosis, adequate calcium and vitamin D supplementation, and good compliance to a 36-month bisphosphonate treatment, the 25.8 % of patients are inadequate responders. Current smoking and a bone turnover in the upper part of the normal range increase the risk of treatment failure.

Introduction

To evaluate the prevalence of the bisphosphonate treatment failure and its possible associated factors in women with primary osteoporosis (PO).

Methods

We studied 97 previously untreated postmenopausal women with PO and fragility fractures and/or a FRAX® 10-year probability of a major osteoporotic fracture ≥7.5 %, before and after a 36-month treatment with alendronate or risedronate and adequate vitamin D supplementation with good compliance. At baseline and after 36 months, lumbar spine (LS) and femoral bone mineral density (BMD) were assessed by Dual X-ray absorptiometry and vertebral fractures by spinal radiographs. Spinal deformity index (SDI) was calculated. Treatment failure was defined by the presence of ≥2 incident fragility fractures and/or a BMD decrease greater than the least significant change.

Results

Bisphosphonate treatment failure was observed in 25.8 % of patients. Age, body mass index, years since menopause, familiar history of hip fracture, number of falls, type of bisphosphonate used, 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (25OHVitD), BMD, SDI, and FRAX® score at baseline were not different between responders and inadequate responders. Treatment failure was associated with current smoking (OR 3.22, 95 % CI 1.10–9.50, P?=?0.034) and baseline alkaline phosphatase total activity levels ≥66.5 U/L (OR 4.22, 95 % CI 1.48–12.01, P?=?0.007), regardless of age, number of falls, LS BMD, and baseline SDI.

Conclusions

The 25.8 % of PO postmenopausal women inadequately responds to bisphosphonates, despite a good compliance to therapy and normal 25OHVitD levels. The current smoking and bone turnover in the upper part of the normal range are associated with the inadequate response to bisphosphonates.     

类风湿关节炎相关骨质疏松研究评析

类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)与骨质疏松(osteoporosis,OP)在临床上都属于常见疾病,RA在引起继发性骨质疏中占有重要地位,RA所导致的骨质疏松伴有骨脆性增加,导致骨折的发生率增加,降低了治愈率,增加了患者家庭及社会的负担。RA引起骨质疏松的发病机制并不十分清楚,但RANK/RANKL/OPG信号转导通路系统及炎症因子与其发生有一定关联。RA骨质疏松的发生与下列因素相关:RA病程的长短、疾病的活动程度、糖皮质激素的使用。对于大剂量使用糖皮质激素会导致骨质疏松这一危险因素已达成共识,然而,对于小剂量使用糖皮质激素是否会造成骨质疏松仍然存在一些分歧;慢作用抗风湿药物及生物制剂的使用与骨质疏松的发生无明显相关。及时控制关节炎症可以减少关节结构损伤、减少骨量流失。对于早期没有特异性症状的骨质疏松可采用传统的检查工具检测,也可用最新软件骨折危险性评估工具来筛查;随着对骨细胞分子生物学研究的深入,一些靶点治疗的新药也陆续发现,为抗骨质疏松的药物治疗提供了新选择。本文从RA相关骨质疏松的流行病学、发病机制以及骨质疏松的预防与治疗3方面来进行论述,以期加深临床工作者对RA并发骨质疏松的认识和重视。     

Low serum albumin concentration is associated with increased risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal patients with rheumatoid arthritis

BackgroundThe risk of osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is frequently overlooked, and investigating a simple indicator in routine care may be beneficial to motivate osteoporosis examination. The aim of this retrospective, case-controlled study was to identify the correlation between serum albumin concentrations and the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal patients with RA.MethodsThis study enrolled 197 patients who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of lumbar spine (LS) and proximal femur without osteoporosis treatment [mean age, 67.5 years; disease duration, 12.8 years; Disease Activity Score assessing 28 joints with C-reactive protein, 2.0; prednisolone dose, 4.9 mg/day (usage, 42.6%); and LS T-score, ?1.9]. Patients were classified into 2 groups: osteoporosis, defined as ≥ 1 part bone mineral density T-score ≤ ?2.5 or history of fragility fracture of the vertebra or proximal femur (121 patients), and non-osteoporosis (76 patients). Groups were then matched by propensity score using clinical backgrounds affecting bone metabolism.ResultsIn non-matched model, serum albumin concentration was significantly associated with osteoporosis-related factors such as aging, inflammation, physical disability, and glucocorticoid dose. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that serum albumin concentration was independently and significantly associated with osteoporosis risk (odds ratio = 0.22, 95% confidence interval = 0.08, 0.61, p = 0.0033). After propensity score matching, 57 patients for each group showed that in addition to the LS and femoral neck T-scores (p < 0.001), serum albumin concentrations (p = 0.01) remained lower in the osteoporosis group compared to non-osteoporosis group. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis in non-matched model revealed that when cut-off value of serum albumin concentration for indicating osteoporosis was set at 4.2 g/dl, the area under the curve was 0.69, sensitivity 0.74, and specificity 0.58.ConclusionsLow serum albumin concentration was significantly and independently associated with the prevalence of osteoporosis, which may be considered as one of the osteoporosis-related factors in postmenopausal patients with RA.     

Involvement of interleukin-6 and prostaglandin E2 in periarticular osteoporosis of postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis

In experimental arthritis, blocking of the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) by osteo-protegerin (OPG) treatment prevents bone loss but not inflammation, suggesting that there are inflammation-related factors that regulate RANKL and OPG. However, it is not known which factors regulate RANKL and OPG in human inflammation-induced bone loss. To clarify the inflammation-related factors that play a role in periarticular osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the synovial fluid and synovium of the knee joint, and the periarticular cancellous bone of the femoral condyle were collected at surgery from postmenopausal women with RA or osteoarthritis (OA). All patients with RA had radiologic bone loss on the femoral condyles, while such a loss was not observed in patients with OA. The present study examined: (i) tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels in synovial fluid; (ii) TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in the synovium and the cancellous bone that contained bone marrow; and (iii) IL-6 and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) production in cultured osteoblast-lineage cells derived from collagenase-treated cancellous bone fragments. Inflammation of the knee joints in patients with RA was confirmed by significantly higher proinflammatory cytokine levels in the synovial fluid and the synovium than those seen in patients with OA. In patients with RA, mRNA expression of IL-6, but not TNFα and IL-1β, in the cancellous bone and IL-6 and PGE₂ production in the osteoblast-lineage cells were significantly higher than in patients with OA. These findings suggest, for the first time, that IL-6 is involved in periarticular osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with RA. IL-6 and PGE₂ released from osteoblast-lineage cells could be, at least in part, responsible for human inflammation-induced bone loss. Received: August 28, 2000 / Accepted: November 9, 2000     

绝经后活动性类风湿性关节炎患者低骨密度的相关危险因素分析

目的分析绝经后活动性类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)患者出现低骨密度相关的危险因素。方法研究对象为106例患有活动性RA的绝经后妇女,患者按体质量指数(BMI)分组:I组消瘦(18.5～24.9 kg/m~2,n=36),II组超重(25.0～29.9 kg/m~2,n=35),III组肥胖(30.0 kg/m~2,n=35)。检测这些患者的股骨BMD和血清BTM水平:骨钙素(OC)和I型胶原交联C-端肽片段(CTX)和骨桥蛋白(OPN)、抵抗素、高敏C反应蛋白、白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-a。结果与较瘦的女性相比,肥胖女性的总股骨BMD和总T评分显然更高(P0.05);发现BMD和CTX水平与体重存在显著相关性(P0.05)。调整股骨颈BMD后,BMI与TNF-α水平呈负相关(P0.05)。骨钙素水平与抵抗素呈负相关(P0.05),CTX水平与OPN呈正相关(P0.05);并发现BTM和BMD与其他炎症指标之间的关联。观察到OPN水平与体重、腰围和绝经后时间之间呈负相关性(P0.05)。结论本研究结果表明,体重和OPN、抵抗素和TNF-α在绝经后活动性RA患者的骨密度降低中起重要作用。     

Lower vitamin E serum levels are associated with osteoporosis in early postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between vitamin E status and osteoporosis in early postmenopausal women. Anthropometric data, osteoporosis risk factors, vitamin E serum levels, bone mineral density (BMD) and other serum parameters which may influence bone mineral density in postmenopausal women were analyzed in a cross-sectional study. The association between osteoporosis and age, age of menopause, body mass index, osteocalcin, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin E (measured as 25 hydroxyvitamin D and as α-tocopherol:lipids ratio, respectively), bone alkaline phosphatase, smoking status, leisure physical activity and alcohol intake were modeled by a multivariate logistic regression and multi-linear regression analysis in 232 early postmenopausal women. A lower vitamin E:lipid ratio was associated with osteoporosis in multivariate logistic regression. In a multivariate linear model with BMD of the lumbar spine as a dependent variable, the vitamin E:lipid ratio was clearly related with BMD of the lumbar spine (F ratio = 6.30, p = 0.002). BMD of the lumbar spine was significantly higher in the highest tertile of the vitamin E:lipid ratio than in the lowest tertile. The mean vitamin E:lipid ratio was significantly lower in osteoporotic postmenopausal women (T score ≤?2.5) (3.0 ± 0.6 μmol/mmol) than normal (neither osteoporotic nor osteopenic) postmenopausal women (T score >?1) (3.5 ± 0.7 μmol/mmol) using multivariable-adjusted BMD. These findings highlight that vitamin E may increase BMD in healthy postmenopausal women.     

绝经后骨质疏松症相关的LncRNA研究进展

绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)是绝经后妇女常见的全身性骨骼疾病。绝经期间卵巢雌激素减少导致骨小梁微结构遭到破坏,皮质骨吸收增加,皮质孔隙增加,这些影响促进了骨质疏松症的发展并增加了脆性骨折风险。现有研究显示长链非编码RNA(long-chain non-coding RNA,LncRNA)在调节成骨细胞分化、破骨细胞分化等方面有重要作用。本文将就绝经后骨质疏松症相关的LncRNA基因展开综述。