拔牙对治疗46例高角病例颅颌面垂直向结构的影响

目的:观察拔牙用于高角病例对颌面部垂直方向的影响,评价其临床应用价值。方法:选择46例正畸拔除前磨牙矫治的高角病例,对治疗前后的头颅侧位X线平片进行分析,比较治疗前后牙、颌面部垂直方向结构的变化,观察拔牙是否造成高角病例颅颌面垂直向结构的改变。结果:拔牙后,46名高角病例ANS-Me、L6-MP、N-Me、U6-PP均明显增加(P<0.05),Ul-PP、MP-SN、MP-PP、PP-SN、Y-axis、L1-MP治疗前后差异无统计学意义。结论 :拔牙用于高角病例矫治前后,下颌平面角及生长方向并未显著改变,但磨牙高度明显伸长,因此额外支抗可能是必要的。     

不拔牙与减数第二前磨牙矫治后第三磨牙萌出的比较

目的观察正畸治疗中不拔牙与拔除第二前磨牙对第三磨牙萌出间隙的影响,探讨拔除第二前磨牙对青少年牙齿正畸的可行性。方法选择我院2008年1月-2010年5月进行拔除第二前磨牙正畸的患者30例为治疗组,选择30例不拔牙正畸患者为对照组。所有患者均在治疗前后拍摄数字全景片。两组患者均用直丝弓矫治技术进行矫正。治疗后比较两组患者第三磨牙在水平、垂直方向上的移动情况及第三磨牙萌出的角度。结果治疗组患者的第三磨牙在矫治一年内均有不同程度的萌出,且治疗组的上、下颌第三磨牙在水平方向和垂直方向移动的距离均超过对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,萌出角度也有统计学意义。且治疗组患者的上颌第三磨牙水平和垂直位移距离均大于下颌第三磨牙,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论牙齿矫正期间拔除第二前磨牙会使第三磨牙阻生减少,加速其萌出;经矫治患者上颌第三磨牙的移动速度要快于下颌第三磨牙,其萌出的状态也优于下颌第三磨牙。     

拔牙矫治对前磨牙牙根吸收的影响

目的:探讨拔牙矫治在正畸治疗中对前磨牙牙根吸收的影响情况。方法:选择60例接受MBT固定直丝弓桥矫治患者作为研究对象,按照是否拔除第二前磨牙分成观察组和对照组,观察组患者拔除第二前磨牙,对照组为不拔牙病例,测量两组治疗前后曲面断层片中的第一前磨牙冠根比,比较拔牙矫治对于冠根比的影响。结果:观察组上颌冠根比差值及下颌冠根比差值与对照组进行比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:拔牙矫治在正畸治疗的过程中能够加重前磨牙牙根的吸收程度,对于需要进行拔牙矫治的患者应尽量使用轻力矫治,缩短临床的治疗时间,观察牙齿在治疗过程中的变化,尽量的减少牙根吸收。     

拔除第二前磨牙与非拔牙正畸矫治后牙根吸收的研究

目的探讨正畸治疗中拔除第二前磨牙矫治与非拔牙矫治对牙根吸收(RR)的影响。方法在12～14岁年龄段中,选择50例正畸患者的596颗牙齿为研究样本,将研究对象分为拔牙组与非拔牙组,每个研究对象治疗前、后拍摄曲面断层X线片,并进行分析。结果拔牙组相对于非拔牙组,上、下颌中切牙,侧切牙,第一磨牙及下颌第一前磨牙有较多的牙根吸收(P<0.05),而上、下颌尖牙的牙根吸收差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论拔除第二前磨牙矫治能导致矫治牙一定程度的牙根吸收,但不会影响牙齿正常的功能和稳定。     

安氏Ⅱ类1分类错病例前磨牙拔除模式的选择

目的:对拔除4个第一前磨牙(44/44)或拔除双侧上颌第一前磨牙和下颌第二前磨牙(44/55)的安氏II1错畸形病例,进行治疗前颌面部软硬组织的比较,探寻影响前磨牙拔除模式的因素,为临床矫治设计提供参考。方法:选取疗效满意、非骨性错的安氏II1病例50例,分为两组,其中拔除44/44 25例,拔除44/55 25例。对两组治疗前的头颅侧位X线片进行测量分析,组间比较,选取其中有统计学差别的指标进行逐步判别分析。结果:L1-AP、TLL-E、拥挤度、Pos-NFL、L1-MP 5个测量项目进入Logistic回归方程,得出Logistic回归方程LogitP=0.056+0.0037L1-MP+0.125 L1-AP(mm)-0.022 Pos-NFL+0.056 TLL-E+0.052拥挤度,概率大于0.5,选择44/44拔牙模式;概率小于0.5,选择44/55拔牙模式。结论:在进行安氏II1错畸形矫治设计上,下切牙突度、下唇突度、拥挤度、下颌软组织颏部位置、下切牙唇舌向倾斜度共同决定了拔牙模式的选择。     

隐形矫治器治疗青少年骨性Ⅱ类高角患者颌骨变化及垂直向控制

目的 探讨青少年骨性Ⅱ类高角患者无托槽隐形器治疗前后面部软硬组织的变化,评估该矫治器对牙齿垂直向控制的效果。方法 选取2021年8月至2023年8月在合肥市口腔医院正畸二科就诊结束的骨性Ⅱ类高角青少年隐形矫治病例32例,均采用非拔牙矫治方案。测量患者治疗前后的18项牙颌硬组织、6项面部软组织指标,对治疗前后测量数据进行统计分析。结果 32例患者治疗后上下颌骨角度指标中蝶鞍点、鼻根点、上牙槽座点夹角（SNA）增加,差异无统学意义;蝶鞍点、鼻根点、下牙槽座点（SNB）增加,上牙槽座点、鼻根点、下牙槽座点（ANB）、下颌平面与眶耳平面的夹角（MP-FH）、颌平面角（OP-SN）、Y轴角均减小,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;上中切牙牙体长轴与前颅底平面交角（U1-SN）、下中切牙牙体长轴与下颌平面交角（L1-MP）减小,上中切牙长轴与下中切牙长轴交角（U1-L1）增加,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;线距测量中后面高（S-Go）、下颌体长度（Go-Pog）均增加,后面高与前面高比值（FHI）减小,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;上切牙与上下第一磨牙均压低,差异有统计学...     

安氏Ⅱ~1错拔牙与非拔牙矫治对牙弓宽度的影响

目的比较拔牙与非拔牙矫治对安氏Ⅱ1错治疗前后牙弓宽度的影响。方法选取30例安氏Ⅱ1错病人的矫治前后模型作为研究对象,其中15例病人采取拔除4个第一前磨牙的方法矫治(拔牙组);15例病人采取非拔牙方法矫治(非拔牙组)。分别在上、下颌尖牙和磨牙区唇颊面最突出的位置进行牙弓宽度测量。结果拔牙组矫治前后比较上、下颌尖牙间宽度均增加,差异有显著性(t=2.23、2.78,P<0.05),非拔牙组矫治前后上、下颌尖牙间宽度变化比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);两组矫治前后下颌尖牙宽度变化差值比较差异有显著性(t=2.96,P<0.05),上颌尖牙间宽度增大,组间宽度变化差值比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。两组上、下颌第二磨牙间宽度均无变化。结论安氏Ⅱ1错拔牙矫治与非拔牙矫治相比,前者不会引起牙弓的缩窄。     

正畸治疗下切牙先天缺失23例临床体会

目的探讨下切牙先天缺失的矫治方法。方法以伴有下切牙先天缺失的23例错[牙合]畸形患者为研究对象，对下切牙缺失的部位、数日、错[牙合]类型、矫治方法进行分析，并对缺失1颗下中切牙、拔除上颌2颗第一前磨牙和下颌1颗非缺牙侧第一前磨牙的病例及缺失2颗下中切牙、拔除上颌2颗第一前磨牙的病例的Bolton指数分析进行统计学检验。结果23例患者正畸治疗疗后均取得了较好的疗效。两组拔牙病例之间的Bohon指数全牙比无统计学差异（P〉0．05），而前牙比和前牙不调量有统计学差异（P〈0．01）。结论先天缺1颗下中切牙上下颌均需拔牙者，在下颌非缺牙侧选择拔1颗前磨牙比拔1颗中切牙对Bohon指数影响要小。     

安氏Ⅱ^1错[牙合]畸形拔除前磨牙后下颌切牙位置变化的研究

目的：本研究的目的是探讨安Ⅱ^1错[牙合]病例在减数前磨牙的情况下下颌切牙后移的情况，及影响下颌切牙位置变化的因素。方法：40例戴用方丝弓矫治器的安Ⅱ^1错[牙合]患者（男性13例、女性27例），21例拔除下颌第一前磨牙、19例拔除下颌第二前磨牙。分别测量治疗前后X线头颅侧位片。矫治设计拔牙的依据包括前、后面高、上下颌平面角度和下颌牙弓的剩余间隙。结果：治疗后两个拔牙组之间下颌切牙内收量没有显著性差异。治疗前拔除第二前磨牙组病例有高角、MM低角和较大的剩余间隙等明显的特征。结论：下颌切牙位置的变化与下列因素相关：下牙弓中的剩余间隙、下颌切牙与N-Pog线间的最初距离、上下颌平面角度和下颌切牙持续舌向转矩。     

正畸拔除下颌第二双尖牙对下颌第三磨牙角度的影响

目的：比较下颌第二双尖牙拔除和非拔牙的正畸病例中,发育中的下颌第三磨牙角度的变化,以确定下颌第二双尖牙拔除是否有利于下颌第三磨牙角度的改善,从而有利于下颌第三磨牙的萌出。方法：从近3年已完成正畸治疗的患者中（采用直丝弓矫治技术）选取93名,分为两组,第一组为45名下颌第二双尖牙拔除者,第二组为48名非拔牙矫治病例,治疗前、后均已常规拍摄曲面断层片,然后测量并比较治疗前、后下颌第三磨牙相对于参考平面的角度改变。结果：拔牙组与非拔牙组患者矫治前后下颌第三磨牙角度均有不同程度的改善。拔牙组右侧下颌第三磨牙角度变化(5.9±2.5)度,拔牙组左侧下颌第三磨牙角度变化(8.0±3.4)度,非拔牙组右侧下颌第三磨牙角度变化(1.8±2.4)度,非拔牙组左侧下颌第三磨牙角度变化(1.5±2.1)度。与非拔牙组相比,拔牙组患者下颌第三磨牙角度变化量更大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：正畸拔除下颌第二双尖牙对下颌第三磨牙的角度有积极的影响。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.