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1.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Rhizoma Pinelliae Praeparatum is the product of raw Rhizoma Pinellia processed with alkaline solution and Licorice, which had been widely used for treatment of insomnia in traditional Chinese medicine. The present study aimed to investigate the sedative, hypnotic and anticonvulsant activities of ethanol fraction from Rhizoma Pinelliae Praeparatum (EFRP) and to determine whether these effects were related to GABAergic mechanism.Materials and methods
The sedative, hypnotic and anticonvulsant activities of EFRP were investigated with locomotion activity, pentobarbital-induced sleeping and nikethamide (NKTM)-induced convulsion tests, respectively. Additionally, the effects of flumazenil (an antagonist of GABAA receptor) and l-malic acid (blocker of synthetic enzyme for GABA) on the hypnotic activity of EFRP were evaluated.Results
EFRP at dose of 12 g/kg significantly inhibited the locomotion activity of mice. EFRP showed synergic effect on pentobarbital-induced sleeping by increased numbers of mice falling asleep, reduced the sleep latency and prolonged the sleeping time. l-malic acid and flumazenil inhibited the augment effects of EFRP on pentobarbital-induced sleeping. EFRP promoted a significant protection to NKTM-induced convulsion, by prolonged the death latency and decreased mortality.Conclusion
EFRP possessed sedative, hypnotic and anticonvulsant activities and these activities may be related to the GABAergic system. 相似文献2.
Cui XY Cui SY Zhang J Wang ZJ Yu B Sheng ZF Zhang XQ Zhang YH 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2012,139(3):796-800
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Ganoderma lucidum (Ling Zhi) is a basidiomycete white-rot macrofungus that has been used as a tranquilizing agent (i.e., An-Shen effect) for the treatment of restlessness, insomnia, and palpitation in China for hundreds of years.Aim of the study
The present study aimed to investigate whether Ganoderma lucidum extract (GLE) influences the sleep of freely moving rats and the potential mechanism.Materials and methods
Ganoderma lucidum extract was extracted from fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum. Rats were treated with GLE orally for 3 days, and on the third day, electroencephalographic and electromyographic recordings were made for 6 h from 9:00 p.m. to 3:00 a.m. in freely moving rats. Sleep parameters were analyzed using SleepSign software. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results
Three-day administration of GLE significantly increased total sleep time and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep time at a dose of 80 mg/kg (i.g.) without influencing slow-wave sleep or REM sleep in freely moving rats. TNF-α levels were significantly increased concomitantly in serum, the hypothalamus, and dorsal raphe nucleus. The hypnotic effect of GLE (80 mg/kg, i.g.) was significantly inhibited by intracerebroventricular injection of TNF-α antibody (2.5 μg/rat). Co-administration of GLE (40 mg/kg, i.g.) and TNF-α (12.5 ng/rat, i.c.v.), both at ineffective doses, revealed an additive hypnotic effect.Conclusion
These results suggest that GLE has hypnotic effects in freely moving rats. The mechanism by which the extract promoted sleep remains unclear, but this effect appears to be primarily related to the modulation of cytokines such as TNF-α. Furthermore, these data at least partially support the ethnomedical use of Ganoderma lucidum. 相似文献3.
Gisele Zapata-Sudo Thaiana C.F. Mendes Marcelle A. Kartnaller Tiago O. Fortes Nathália F.B. Freitas Maria Auxiliadora Coelho Kaplan Roberto Takashi Sudo 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Dorstenia arifolia is a plant that has been used in the folk medicine to produce hypnotic, sedative and ansiolitic effects but the pharmacological properties have not yet been studied. In addition, the smoke of its rhizome is reputed to induce lethargic sensation.Aims of the study
The present study investigated possible activities of the methanol extract (ME) of Dorstenia arifolia rhizome on the central nervous system (CNS).Materials and methods
ME was tested for sedative, hypnotic and anticonsulsant effects using locomotor activity evaluation, pentobarbital-induced sleeping time and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced convulsion, respectively.Results
Intraperitoneal administration of ME (10 and 50 mg/kg) significantly decreased locomotor activity from 205.2 ± 25.6 movements/min (DMSO) to 112.1 ± 18.4 (P < 0.05) and 114.9 ± 16.9 (P < 0.05), respectively. Flumazenil (10 mg/kg), an antagonist of GABAA receptor, prevented the ME-induced sedation. Treatment with ME (50 mg/kg) significantly increased the duration of pentobarbital-induced sleeping time from 41.0 ± 2.3 to 57.9 ± 2.9 min (P < 0.05). The latencies to seizures after intraperitoneal injection of PTZ was recorded and compared between groups. ME promoted a significant protection of PTZ-induced seizures and mortality in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions
Our findings indicate that ME of Dorstenia arifolia rizhome has pronounced central effects, and that the sedative and anticonvulsant activities may be related to a facilitation of the GABAergic transmission. 相似文献4.
Zhen Liu Wenyuan Gao Shuli Man Jieyin Wang Nan Li Shuangshuang Yin Shanshan Wu Changxiao Liu 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2012
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Rhizoma Paridis saponins (RPS) have been well studied for antimicrobial, anti-hemorrhagic, and anticancer effects. However, scientific information on RPS regarding the toxic and neuropharmacological effects is limited. In this study, the acute oral toxicity, sedative–hypnotic activity and gastro-intestinal toxicity of RPS were investigated.Materials and methods
The acute toxicity was carried out by administering single doses (800–5000 mg/kg) of RPS to adult mice. Rotarod test and sodium pentobarbital-induced hypnosis activity were used to evaluate the neuropharmacological effects on mice. Gastric emptying and intestinal transit were used to investigate the gastric–intestinal system effects.Results
A single oral administration of RPS dose-dependently caused adverse effects on the general behavior and mortality rate of mice. LD50 value of oral acute toxicity was 2182.4 mg/kg, with 95% confidence limit of 1718.4–2807.8 mg/kg. In the test of sleeping mice, RPS acted in synergy with sodium pentobarbital at doses 250 and 500 mg/kg while motor coordination was not influenced within 120 min after treatment with RPS. Regarding the gastric–intestinal toxicity, RPS (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg) significantly inhibited gastric emptying but did not affect the intestinal transit.Conclusions
RPS, which is a hypotoxic anticancer drug, possesses the sedative–hypnotic activity and gastric stimulus side effect. 相似文献5.
R. Estrada-Reyes M. Martínez-Vázquez A. Gallegos-Solís G. Heinze J. Moreno 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Ethnopharmacological relevance
The decoction of leaves of Clinopodium mexicanum Benth. Goaverts (Lamiaceae), commonly known as “Toronjil de Monte”, is used in the Mexican traditional medicine to induce sleep, as well as sedative and analgesic remedy.Aim of the study
To evaluate the putative depressant effects of an aqueous extract of the medicinal plant Clinopodium mexicanum on the central nervous system (CNS).Materials and methods
The effects of the extract (AECM) on mice were tested in several animal paradigms, including sodium pentobarbital-induced sleep, open field tests, and hole-board tests. The effects of AECM on pentylenetetrazole- and picrotoxin-induced convulsions in mice and on the antithermonociceptive response in the hot-plate paradigm were also tested. Additionally, the active extract (AECM) was analyzed with HPLC–ESI-MS techniques.Results
Mice acutely treated with AECM at 100, 200, 500 and 1000 mg/kg doses prolonged the sleeping time induced by sodium pentobarbital (42 mg/kg). This extract, at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses, showed a sedative effect in the hole-board paradigm and decreased spontaneous activity in mice. AECM at 10, 100 and 200 mg/kg prolonged the onset of seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (90 mg/kg) and antagonized tonic convulsions induced by picrotoxin (10 mg/kg). Additionally, AECM inhibited the response to a thermonociceptive stimulus. The intraperitoneal AECM treatment produced mortality with an LD50 = 2154 mg/kg. Chemical analysis showed that the flavanone glycosides neoponcirin, poncirin, and isonaringenin are the main compounds of the active extract.Conclusions
This study demonstrates that an acutely administered single dose of an aqueous extract of Clinopodium mexicanum can exert depressant effects on the CNS. These findings are in agreement with the traditional use of Clinopodium mexicanum to induce sleep as well as sedative and analgesic remedy. The chemical analysis of AECM revealed the presence of the flavanone glycosides neoponcirin, poncirin, and isonaringin. 相似文献6.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Celastrus orbiculatus, a woody vine of the Celastraceae family, has been widely used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and odontalgia. In this study, we assessed the sedative and antinociceptive activities of the methanolic extract of Celastrus orbiculatus (MCO).Materials and methods
The antinociceptive effect of MCO was evaluated using several experimental pain models, including thermal nociception methods, such as the tail immersion and the hotplate tests, as well as chemical nociception induced by intraperitoneal acetic acid and subplantar formalin administration in mice. To verify the possible connection of the opioid receptor to the antinociceptive activity of MCO, we performed a combination test with naloxone, a nonselective opioid receptor antagonist. The sedative effect of MCO was studied using the pentobarbital-induced sleeping model.Results
MCO demonstrated strong and dose-dependent antinociceptive activity compared to tramadol and indomethacin in various experimental pain models. The combination test using naloxone revealed that the antinociceptive activity of MCO is associated with activation of the opioid receptor. MCO also caused decreased sleep latency and increased sleeping time in the pentobarbital-induced sleeping model; however, MCO alone did not induce sleep.Conclusions
In the present study, MCO showed potent antinociceptive and sedative activities. Based on these results, MCO may be considered a valuable anti-nociceptive and hypnotic agent for the treatment of various diseases. 相似文献7.
Yuefeng Li Pingan Wu Yanmei Ning Xingke Yan Tiantian Zhu Chongbing Ma Anguo Liu 《Journal of traditional Chinese medicine》2014
Objective
To investigate the sedative and hypnotic activity of paeoniflorin and freeze-dried Sini San powder on mice and provide a reliable method for determining the pharmacodynamic material basis of Sini San.Methods
Male adult mice weighing 20–22 g were used in this study. Three experiments were carried out. Synergism with pentobarbital was used as an index for hypnotic effect. Loss of the righting reflex was used to determine the start of sleep. Sleep latency and sleeping time were recorded in each experiment.Results
The coefficient of variation of the supra-threshold dose (55 mg/kg) was significantly lower than that of the threshold dose. The sleep latency of mice was significantly decreased, and the sleeping time of mice was significantly prolonged. The effects of paeoniflorin and Sini San on prolonging the sleeping time of mice induced by pentobarbital sodium were significantly stronger than those in the control group.Conclusion
Paeoniflorin produces significant sedative and hypnotic effects, and there is an obvious dose-effect relationship. 相似文献8.
Aim of the study
Various species of Hypericum genus have been used in the Canary Islands as sedative, diuretic, vermifuge, wound healing, antihysteric and antidepressant agent. Studies have shown that methanol extract of Hypericum grandifolium Choisy is active in tetrabenazine-induced ptosis and forced swimming tests. In the current study, the aqueous, butanol and chloroform fractions obtained from the methanol extract as well as three sub-fractions derived from the chloroform fraction were evaluated for their central nervous effects in mice, particularly their antidepressant activity.Materials and methods
The central nervous effect of different fractions and sub-fractions of Hypericum grandifolium was evaluated in mice using various behavioural models including locomotor and muscle relaxant activity, forced swimming test, effect on normal body temperature, barbiturate-induced sleep, tetrabenazine-induced syndrome and 5-hydroxytryptohan-induced head twitches and syndrome.Results
We found that the butanol and chloroform fractions and all sub-fractions showed an antidepressant effect in the forced swimming test, the chloroform fraction being the most active. They produced no effects or only a slight depression of locomotor activity. Chloroform fraction significantly increased the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time, produced a slight but significant hypothermia and antagonized tetrabenazine-induced ptosis, whereas the butanol fraction produced a slight potentiation of 5-HTP-induced head twitches and syndrome.Conclusions
The present results, together with previous pharmacological and phytochemical data, indicated that Hypericum grandifolium possess antidepressant-like effects in mice and that different constituents, such as the flavonoids and the benzophenone derivatives, could be responsible at least in part for the antidepressant effects observed for this species. 相似文献9.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Ziziyphus nummularia (family: Rhamnaceae) is a xerophyte, grows in the grazing lands of the Thar Desert of Rajasthan. Ziziyphus nummularia (ZN) is used as sedative in ethnomedicine. The objective of this study is to investigate the anticonvulsant, anxiolytic and sedative activities of the alcoholic extract of leaves of Ziziyphus nummularia (EZN).Materials and methods
The anticonvulsant effect of the EZN (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) was evaluated in mice using the pentylenetetrazole and maximal electroshock induced seizure models. Its anxiolytic activity was evaluated using the elevated plus maze, hole board and open field models board methods, while the pentobarbital induced sleep was used to evaluate the sedative activity. The acute toxicity and effect on motor coordination were also assessed.Results
EZN (100–300 mg/kg) protected the mice against the pentylenetetrazole induced convulsions; it causes a significant (P<0.05) dose dependent increase in latency of convulsion. Treatment with EZN reduced the duration of the tonic hind limb extension induced by electroshock. Mice treated with EZN preferred the open arm of the plus maze and were found to be devoid of open-arm avoidance. EZN potentiation the barbiturate induce sleep in mice, it causes a decrease in the sleep latency and increases the duration of sleep.Conclusion
The results obtained from the experiments indicate that the EZN has CNS depressant and anticonvulsant activities. 相似文献10.
Rogério Tolardo Lucas Zetterman Daniel Rilo Bitencourtt Ticiana Camila Mora Fábio Lazzarotto de Oliveira Maique Weber Biavatti Solomon Kweku Sagoe Amoah Cristiani Bürger Márcia Maria de Souza 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Hedyosmum brasiliense Miq. (Chloranthaceae) is an essential Brazilian species largely found in the Atlantic Forest. It is popularly known as “cidrão” and in folk medicine, this aromatic species is widely used as a calmative/tranquilizer and to treat sleep disorders.Aim of the study
To examine the neurochemical properties of ethanol extract (EEHb), fractions and compounds of fresh leaves of Hedyosmum brasiliense and the antidepressant effect of the isolated sesquiterpene lactones podoandin and 13-hydroxy-8,9-dehydroshizukanolide.Materials, methods and results
The effects of EEHb were demonstrated by the open field, elevated-plus-maze, forced swimming, pentobarbital-induced sleeping time, PTZ-induced seizure, and inhibitory avoidance tests. EEHb did not show a protective effect against PTZ-induced convulsions. In the plus-maze test, EEHb (100 mg/kg, i.p.) exhibited an anxiolytic effect through the effective enhancement of the frequency and time spent in the open arms of the maze. Conversely, the time spent and the number of entrances to the closed arms were decreased. All these effects were also completely reversed by pre-treatment with flumazenil (2.5 mg/kg, i.p./a benzodiazepine receptor agonist), similar to the results observed with diazepam used as a positive standard. In this test, the anxiolytic effect of EEHb was also totally blocked by pre-treatment with reserpine (2.0 mg/kg, i.p.), a drug known to induce depletion of biogenic amines. In the forced swimming test, the treatment of EEHb (100 mg/kg, i.p. or 100 mg/kg, p.o.) given in acute and chronic form (10, 50 and 100 mg/kg), produced a decrease in immobility time, similar to that of imipramine (10 mg/kg, i.p.), the positive control. The dichloromethane and hexane fractions (100 mg/kg, p.o.) also produced a decrease in immobility time. In addition, the two isolated compounds tested in a single dose (10 mg/kg, i.p.), the antidepressant effect was observed only with the compound podoandin, which also caused a decrease in immobility time. EEHb (10–100 mg/kg) a dose-dependent manner also caused a decrease in barbiturate sleeping time in mice, and in high doses (100 mg/kg), did not interfere in memory consolidation.Conclusions
The results suggest that EEHb presents psychopharmacological activities, including anxiolytic, antidepressant, and hypnotic effects. 相似文献11.
Martínez-Vázquez M Estrada-Reyes R Martínez-Laurrabaquio A López-Rubalcava C Heinze G 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2012,141(3):908-917
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Dracocephalum moldavica is used as a tranquilizer and as remedy for nervous conditions relief in the Mexican traditional medicine. Despite its intensive use no literature reported neuropharmacological studies on Dracocephalum moldavica as yet.Aim of the study
The sedative, anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like effects of the aqueous extract of aerial parts of Dracocephalum moldavica (Lamiaceae) (DM) were evaluated in behavioral models in mice. The general toxic effects of DM were evaluated as well as their chemical analysis was performed.Materials and methods
DM effects were evaluated on pentobarbital-induced sleeping time (SPT), the hole-board (HBT), and the avoidance exploratory behavior (AEBT) tests and on the forced swimming test (FST). General activity and motor coordination were evaluated in the open field (OFT) and Rota-rod tests, respectively. The acute toxicity of DM was determinate by its LD50 dose. The chemical analyses DM were performed by chromatographic and HPLC–ESI-MS techniques.Results
DM prolonged the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time, induced sedation in the HBT, decreased spontaneous activity and produced motor coordination impairment in mice. However, DM did not show anxiolytic effects in the AEBT or HBT and it was not effective in FST. The DM-treatment produced mortalities with LD50 = 470 mg/kg body weight.The HPLC–ESI-MS analysis of DM revealed that (acacetin, apigenin and luteolin)-7-O-β-d-(6″-O-malonyl)-glucoside derivates are the main compounds of DM.Conclusions
DM induced sedative actions and a general inhibition of CNS activity observed by the decrease of animals’ general activity, motor coordination and exploration. 相似文献12.
Hyun Jeong Han Hye Yun Kim Jae Joon Choi Sun-Young Ahn Seong-Hyun Lee Ki-Wan Oh Seok-Yong Kim 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013
Ethnopharmacological relevence
The ginseng root has been traditionally used as a sedative in oriental countries. However, the condition “ginseng abuse syndrome” (GAS), defined as hypertension, nervousness, sleeplessness, skin eruption, and morning diarrhea, was coined as a result of a study of people who had been using a variety of ginseng preparations. However, we reported that administration of RGE increased rapid eye movement (REM) and non rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep via GABAergic systems in animals. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate how red ginseng extract (RGE) affects sleeping behaviors in human volunteers.Materials and methods
RGE (1500 mg) was orally administered to young male healthy volunteers (from 15 to 37 years old ages, n=15) three times a day for 7 days. Overnight polysomnographic (PSG) studies were performed two times, 1 day before and 7 days after RGE administration. We investigated differences in sleep architecture parameters such as total sleep time (TST), sleep efficacy (SE: total sleep time/time in bed), proportion of each sleep stage, and wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) between baseline PSG and PSG after RGE administration.Results
Total wake time (TWT) was significantly reduced (P<0.05) and SE was increased (P<0.05), although slow wave sleep stage 1 (N1) was reduced (P<0.01) and non-rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was increased (P<0.03) after administration.Conclusion
From these results, it is presumed that RGE intake would improve the quality of sleep, thus having beneficial effects on sleep disturbed subjects. 相似文献13.
Reinaldo Nóbrega de Almeida Demétrius Antonio Machado Araújo Juan Carlos Ramos Gonçalves Fabrícia Costa Montenegro Damião Pergentino de Sousa José Roberto Leite Rita Mattei Marco Antonio Campana Benedito José Gilberto Barbosa de Carvalho Jader Santos Cruz José Guilherme Soares Maia 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Aim of the study
Aniba rosaeodora is an aromatic plant which has been used in Brazil folk medicine due to its sedative effect. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the sedative effect of linalool-rich rosewood oil in mice. In addition we sought to investigate the linalool-rich oil effects on the isolated nerve using the single sucrose-gap technique.Materials and methods
Sedative effect was determined by measuring the potentiation of the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time. The compound action potential amplitude was evaluated as a way to detect changes in excitability of the isolated nerve.Results
The results showed that administration of rosewood oil at the doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg significantly decreased latency and increased the duration of sleeping time. On the other hand, the dose of 100 mg/kg potentiated significantly the pentobarbital action decreasing pentobarbital latency time and increasing pentobarbital sleeping time. In addition, the effect of linalool-rich rosewood oil on the isolated nerve of the rat was also investigated through the single sucrose-gap technique. The amplitude of the action potential decreased almost 100% when it was incubated for 30 min at 100 μg/ml.Conclusions
From this study, it is suggested a sedative effect of linalool-rich rosewood oil that could, at least in part, be explained by the reduction in action potential amplitude that provokes a decrease in neuronal excitability. 相似文献14.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Ficus religiosa (Moraceae) is reported to have numerous therapeutic utility in folk medicine. Among different biological activities on central nervous system, it has been reported to be used in ethnomedical treatment of epilepsy, which led us to further explore its anticonvulsant activity in various animal models of epilepsy.Aim of the study
To investigate anticonvulsant activity of methanolic extract of figs of Ficus religiosa in animal models and to determine its possible anticonvulsant mechanism.Materials and methods
Anticonvulsant activity of figs extract (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) was studied in seizures induced by maximum electroshock (MES), picrotoxin and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). Cyproheptadine, a nonselective (5HT1/2) serotonin antagonist (4 mg/kg, i.p.) was used to study the reversal of protective effect of extract in the above mentioned models. Acute toxicity, neurotoxicity and potentiation of pentobarbitone induced sleep by extract was also studied.Results
Extract showed no toxicity, potentiated pentobarbitone induced sleep and inhibited seizures induced by MES and picrotoxin in a dose dependent manner. Anticonvulsant effect of extract was comparable to clinically used antiepileptic drugs (phenytoin and diazepam). However, PTZ induced seizures were not inhibited. Animals pretreated with cyproheptadine showed inhibition of the anticonvulsant effect of extract.Conclusions
These findings suggested that the methanolic extract of figs of Ficus religiosa had anticonvulsant activity against MES and picrotoxin induced convulsions, with no neurotoxic effect, in a dose dependent manner. Inhibition of the anticonvulsant effect of extract by cyproheptadine substantiates the involvement of serotonergic pathways for the anticonvulsant activity of extract. 相似文献15.
Jianming Guo Weiwei PanDawei Qian Jin-ao DuanErxin Shang Yuping Tang 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013
Ethnopharmacological relevance
DaChuanXiongFang was a well-known formula originated from Jin Dynasty, China. It has been used in both China and Japan to treat migraine. In the present study, the analgesic and sedative efficacy of DaChuanXiongFang ethanol extract (DCXFEE) after intranasal administration was tested and compared with that by intragastric route.Materials and methods
Three mice experimental models: acetic acid-induced writhing response test, hot-plate latent pain response test and pentobarbital-induced sleep model were used to evaluate DCXFEE activity. To further explore the in vivo potential active components of DCXFEE that contribute to the difference of activity induced by different administration route, ultra performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometer (UPLC–MS) was utilized to analyze components in rat brain after given DCXFEE (60 mg/kg).Results
DCXFEE showed analgesic efficacy after intranasal administration (15, 30 and 60 mg/kg) in acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice. While after intragastric administration, DCXFEE only showed analgesic efficacy at high dose (60 mg/kg). Moreover, the analgesic potency was weaker after intragastric administration compared with that after intranasal administration at the same dose (60 mg/kg). Similar results were obtained in hot-plate latent pain response test in mice. DCXFEE (60 mg/kg) had no sedative effect after intranasal and intragastric administration. No components originated from DCXFEE were identified in rat brain 15 min after oral administration. One major parent component ligustilide was detected in rat brain after intranasal administration.Conclusion
These data demonstrate that DCXFEE had faster onset of action as well as better analgesic efficacy after intranasal administration than that after intragastric administration. DCXFEE has no sedative activity on potentiation of pentobarbital-induced sleep in mice given by both routes. Ligustilide might represents the potential major bioactive component of DCXFEE after intranasal administration and contribute to its analgesic activity in vivo. 相似文献16.
Gomes PB Noronha EC de Melo CT Bezerra JN Neto MA Lino CS Vasconcelos SM Viana GS de Sousa FC 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2008,120(2):209-214
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Petiveria alliacea L. (tipi) a shrub from Phytolaccaceae family is popularly used in folk medicine for treating a wide variety of disorders in South and Central America.Aim of the study
To investigate the neuropharmacological properties on experimental animals.Materials and methods
The acetate (FA), hexanic (FH), hydroalcoholic (FHA) and precipitated hydroalcoholic (FHAppt) fractions from the root of tipi were studied to investigate its pharmacological properties in the classical behavioral models (open-field, elevated plus maze-EPM, rotarod, barbiturate-induced sleeping time, forced swimming and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsions tests) using mice. These fractions were administered intraperitoneally and orally to female mice at single doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg.Results
All these fractions decreased the locomotor activity, rearing and grooming in the open-field test, suggesting a possible central depressant action. No significant effect was evident on motor coordination of the animals in the rotarod test. On EPM, all the fractions of tipi presented a significant reduction on the time of permanence in the open arms, indicating an absence of anxiolytic-like effect. In addition, the fractions increased the immobility time in the forced swimming test and potentiated pentobarbital-induced sleeping time in mice, confirmed a probable sedative and central depressant effect. Furthermore, the fractions increased the latency to the first convulsion and the lethal time of the PTZ-induced convulsions test in the animals, confirmed its popular use as anticonvulsant.Conclusion
Our results suggest that the fractions of P. alliacea L. contains biologically active substance(s) that might be acting in the CNS and have significant depressant and anticonvulsant potentials, supporting folk medicine use of this plant. 相似文献17.
Eva Aguirre-Hernández Ma. Eva González-Trujano Ana Laura Martínez Julia Moreno Geoffrey Kite Teresa Terrazas Marcos Soto-Hernández 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Aim of the study
Around the world, Tilia species have been used in traditional medicine for their properties as tranquilizer. Furthermore, Mexican species of Tilia have been grouped as Tilia americana var. mexicana, but their specific content in flavonoids is poorly described. In this study, inflorescences of Mexican Tilia were collected in three different regions of Mexico to compare their flavonoid content and anxiolytic-like response.Materials and methods
Flavonoid content was analyzed by using an HPLC–MS technique. For anxiolytic-like response, Tilia inflorescences extracts (from 10 to 300 mg/kg, i.p.) were tested in experimental models (open-field, hole-board and plus-maze tests, as well as sodium pentobarbital-induced hypnosis) in mice.Results
HPLC–MS analysis revealed specific peaks of flavonoid composition demonstrating some differences in these compounds in flowers and bracts depending on the region of collection. No differences in the neuropharmacological activity among these samples of Tilia were found. Moreover, their effects were associated with quercetin and kaempferol glycosides.Conclusions
Dissimilarities in the flavonoid composition of Mexican Tilias might imply that these species must be re-classified in more than one species, not as a unique Tilia americana var. mexicana. Since quercetin and kaempferol aglycons demonstrated anxiolytic-like response and that no difference in the pharmacological evaluation was observed between these three Mexican Tilias, we suggest that this pharmacological effect of Tilia inflorescences involves these flavonoids occurrence independently of the kind of glycosides present in the samples reinforcing their use in traditional medicine in several regions of Mexico. 相似文献18.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Sonchus oleraceus L. has been used as a general tonic in Brazilian folk medicine. Nevertheless, available scientific information regarding this species is scarce; there are no reports related to its possible effect on the central nervous system.Aim of the study
This study was conducted to establish the anxiolytic effect of extracts from the aerial parts of Sonchus oleraceus.Materials and methods
This study evaluated the effect of hydroethanolic and dichloromethane extracts of Sonchus oleraceus in mice submitted to the elevated plus-maze and open-field tests. Clonazepam was used as the standard drug.Results
In the elevated plus-maze test, the Sonchus oleraceus extracts increased the percentage of open arm entries (P < 0.05) and time spent in the open-arm portions of the maze (P < 0.05). The extracts induce an anti-thigmotactic effect, evidenced by increased locomotor activity into the central part of the open field set-up (P < 0.05). The extracts administered at 30–300 mg/kg, p.o. had a similar anxiolytic effect to clonazepam (0.5 mg/kg, p.o.).Conclusion
These data indicate that Sonchus oleraceus extract exerts an anxiolytic-like effect on mice. 相似文献19.
Mariana Piana Mariane Arnoldi Silva Gabriela Trevisan Thiele Faccim de Brum Cássia Regina Silva Aline Augusti Boligon Sara Marchesan Oliveira Marina Zadra Carin Hoffmeister Mateus Fortes Rossato Raquel Tonello Luciane Varini Laporta Robson Borba de Freitas Bianca Vargas Belke Roberta da Silva Jesus Juliano Ferreira Margareth Linde Athayde 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Viola tricolor, popularly known as heartsease has been empirically used in several skin disorders, including burns.Aim of the study
The objective of this study was investigate the antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effect of a gel containing extract of Viola tricolor flowers on thermal burn induced by UVB irradiation and to perform gel stability study.Methods
The antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effect were evaluated by static and dynamic mechanical allodynia model, paw edema, and neutrophilic cell infiltration. Metabolites compounds were quantified by HPLC. The gel stability study was performed analyzing organoleptical aspects, besides pH, viscosity, and quantification of rutin by HPLC.Results
In the results were evidenced changes in threshold in statical and dynamic mechanical allodynia (Imax=100±10% and 49±10%, respectively), paw edema (Imax=61±6%), and myeloperoxidase activity (Imax=89±5%). Such effects may be attributed, in part, to rutin, salicylic and chlorogenic acids, and others compounds found in this species. No important changes were detected in the stability study, in all aspects analyzed in temperature below 25 °C.Conclusion
These findings suggest that Viola tricolor gel has an antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effect in the ultraviolet-B-induced burn, since maintain the temperature below 25 °C. 相似文献20.
Rosa Estrada-Reyes C. López-Rubalcava Octavio Alberto Ferreyra-Cruz Ana María Dorantes-Barrón G. Heinze Julia Moreno Aguilar Mariano Martínez-Vázquez 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2014