激光脱毛技术

多余毛发是困惑女性及男性的一个带有普遍性的美容问题。利用现代激光技术不仅可以达到永久性脱毛或推迟毛发再生时间的目的，并可避免和减少传统脱毛技术的缺点，而备受医师和受术者的欢迎。     

强脉冲光子脱毛临床效果的初步观察

目的 观察强脉冲光子的脱毛效果。方法 应用ELITEplus强脉冲光子脱毛系统去除各部位多余毛发，一般需3～5次治疗，每次治疗间隔2个月以上。结果 341例均能耐受治疗，无需麻醉。治疗后不需包扎，可常规洗浴和化妆。经治疗后，毛发基本完全脱落。3例治疗区皮肤出现水泡，1例合并感染，无色素沉着及瘢痕形成等并发症。随访3～6个月，只有少许细软毳毛再生。结论 强脉冲光子脱毛系统效果可靠，操作简单，治疗速度快，无严重并发症发生，是一种较理想的脱毛方法。     

QSRL-Ⅲ型红宝石激光脱毛100例的临床观察

目的探讨激光脱毛术的治疗方法及疗效观察.方法运用QSRL-Ⅲ型红宝石激光脱毛机针对不同部位及男女性别差异的多毛症配以适当的能量密度及脉冲宽度进行治疗.结果 100例患者中88例经4～6次激光照射基本未见复长,其余12例又继续照射2～5次亦不再生长.结论 QSRL-Ⅲ型红宝石激光脱毛机去除不同部位多毛症,具有良好的治疗效果,可达到永久性的脱毛.     

QSRL-Ⅲ型红宝石激光脱毛100例的临床观察

目的　探讨激光脱毛术的治疗方法及疗效观察。方法　运用QSRL -Ⅲ型红宝石激光脱毛机针对不同部位及男女性别差异的多毛症配以适当的能量密度及脉冲宽度进行治疗。结果　 10 0例患者中 88例经 4～ 6次激光照射基本未见复长 ,其余 12例又继续照射 2～ 5次亦不再生长。结论　QSRL -Ⅲ型红宝石激光脱毛机去除不同部位多毛症 ,具有良好的治疗效果 ,可达到永久性的脱毛     

强脉冲光脱毛77例

强脉冲光脱毛是利用输出的高能光子，选择性地破坏毛囊组织，不损伤皮肤和汗腺，高效上除全身不同部位的毛发，获得美容效果。自2006年9以来，我们采用强脉冲光（intense pulsed light,IPL）脱毛系统对77例毛症患者进行治疗，获满意疗效，现报道如下。     

长脉宽翠绿宝石激光脱毛的影响因素探讨

目的：探讨长脉宽翠绿宝石激光脱毛的疗效和影响因素。方法：用Gentlelase长脉宽翠绿宝石755nm激光进行脱毛，对治疗的762例1750个部位的脱毛结果进行疗效评价，并探讨影响疗效的因素。结果：1750个部位经过3次以上治疗后，均达到理想的脱毛效果，治疗区毛发数量显著减少，剩余少许新生毛发直径变细，颜色变浅。各部位治疗次数及能量均不同，腋毛、阴毛、下肢及胸腹背部的毛发治疗效果较好，一般经过3～6次可结束治疗，胡须、发际效果较差，女性上唇毛效果最差。结论：长脉冲翠绿宝石激光采用适当能量密度进行脱毛治疗，能安全有效地脱去毛发，不良反应小，值得推广。     

人工髓核置换术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床初步报告

目的 介绍人工髓核置换术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的手术方法并评价其近期临床疗效。方法 自2002年3～4月采用人工髓核置换术治疗腰椎间盘突出症患者9例，男6例，女3例；年龄22～48岁，平均33.4岁；病史8个月～3．6年，平均18.4个月。均为单间隙病变，以单纯腰痛为主者2例，腰痛伴一侧下肢放射痛或双侧下肢放射痛以一侧为主者7例。手术节段为L4.5 6例，LsS1 3例；后侧入路8例，经腹膜后侧前方入路1例。随访12～13个月．平均12.3个月。根据症状改善情况和影像学资料评价手术效果。结果 手术时间45～120min，平均60min；术中出血50～150ml，平均120ml。术后4～5d戴腰围下地活动，术后6周去腰围恢复正常活动。根据Oswestry下腰痛和功能不利评分,临床成功率88.9％；复查X线片示术后和术前椎间隙高度百分比为128％。1例患者术后腰痛缓解不明显，第4d出现健侧下肢放射痛，经卧床、脱水治疗后缓解。2例随访时摄正侧位X线片示植入物轻度移位，未见腰椎生理弧度异常改变．腰椎活动度正常。未见植入髓核脱出、感染等并发症。结论 人工髓核置换术在改善症状的同时能够增加椎间高度，维持腰椎的正常运动功能，近期临床疗效满意。     

青少年腰椎间盘切除术后的中远期疗效观察

青少年腰椎间盘突出症在临床上不常见,1945年Wahren首次对其描述以来,在关于青少年患者一系列手术治疗的报道中,大多数的结果不尽相同,而且长期随访的结果也是各异的。出现上述情况，是手术治疗的方法没有被标准化引起的。本文回顾性研究1990年至2004年24例在我院行外科手术治疗的青少年腰椎间盘突出症患者，以此评价青少年患者腰椎间盘切除术后的中远期疗效。     

人工全髋关节置换术治疗先天性髋关节脱位的临床效果观察

[目的]评价人工全髋关节置换术治疗先天性髋关节脱位的临床效果。[方法]依据纳入排除标准共选取120例患者并随机分为2组,对照组给予常规治疗措施,研究组给予人工全髋关节置换术治疗;比较两组患者不良客观指标情况、临床疗效。[结果]研究组患者下肢静脉炎、股动脉栓塞、肢体不对称的不良反应率分别为5.00%、3.33%、1.67%,均较对照组有明显缩短;差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);研究组采用人工全髋关节置换术治疗总有效率为95.6%,高于对照组(80.0%),差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。[结论]人工全髋关节置换术治疗先天性髋关节脱位临床效果较佳,既可有效缩短患者住院时间,又可恢复患者的工作能力,改善临床症状,显著提高治疗有效率,值得临床推广应用。     

人工髋关节置换术使用异体输血的临床效果:2000~2009年全国住院患者结果

<正>为研究人工髋关节置换术使用异体输血的临床效果,作者调取2000~2009年全国住院患者结果,统计危险因素,分析异体输血与临床结果的关系。结果发现,从2000年到2009年,输血率由11.8%上升到19.0%。患者相关危险因素包括:高龄、女性、黑人以及医保。与医院相关危险因素包括:郊区、小规模以及非医学院医院。异体输血增加住院时间、医疗费用、再住院率,临床结果较     

The removal of unwanted hair using a ruby laser.

A ruby laser has been developed to remove unwanted hair. Melanin within the hair is used as a natural chromophore. It is postulated that photothermal damage destroys the hair itself and also key cells surrounding the hair follicle to prevent regrowth. A prospective study of laser depilation in 116 patients or 175 sites was performed over a period of 18 months. All the patients had tried other methods of hair removal and found them to be unsatisfactory. Hair counts (follicles/cm2) were used to judge the outcome. The mean follow-up time was 23.25 weeks (range 12-76 weeks). After a mean number of treatments of 1.92 (range 1-20) there was a 56.4% reduction in hair density. Comparing pre- and post-treatment hair density, there was a highly significant reduction (paired t-test: P < 0.00001). Laser removal of hair is now a realistic treatment option.     

Ⅲ～Ⅴ型皮肤800nm半导体激光脱毛的临床疗效和安全性评价

目的 评价Ⅲ～Ⅴ型皮肤800 nm半导体激光脱毛的临床疗效及安全性.方法 应用波长为800 nm的半导体激光对114例234个部位进行脱毛.6～8周治疗1次,4次为1个疗程.分别于每次治疗前及第4次治疗后3个月记录治疗部位的毛发密度(根/cm2),以治疗后毛发密度减少的百分率作为评价治疗效果的标准,由医师和接受脱毛者分别主观评定满意程度.结果 4次治疗后97.01％接受脱毛者毛发较前减少40％以上,83.33％接受脱毛者减少60％以上,有15个(6.41％)治疗部位发生不良反应,随访6～8个月不良反应均相继消失.对总脱毛疗效进行综合评价,医师及接受脱毛者满意率分别为98.25％和96.12 ％(x2=3.33,P＞0.05).结论 800 nm半导体激光对Ⅲ～Ⅴ型皮肤脱毛安全有效,不良反应率低.     

Long-pulsed 755-nm alexandrite laser equipped with a sapphire handpiece: unwanted hair removal in darker phototypes

Lasers in Medical Science -     

Removal of unwanted hair: efficacy,tolerability, and safety of long-pulsed 755-nm alexandrite laser equipped with a sapphire handpiece

Due to the difference in refraction coefficients between air and the corneal epithelium, irradiation of the skin with a light source can lead to reflection of the energy and its leakage to the skin causes epidermal injury. All of which decreases the efficacy of treatment. We evaluated cooling sapphire handpieces’ efficacy in decreasing pain and epidermal injuries and enhancing the treatment outcome in laser hair removal. A total of 49 patients with Fitzpatrick skin types of II to IV were treated for laser hair removal on face, limbs, inguinal, and axillary areas with pulsed 755-nm alexandrite laser equipped with a sapphire handpiece and the cooling system. Hair counts were performed by two independent observers at the baseline and 3 months after the final treatment. A marked reduction in hair regrowth was noted 3 months after the final treatment in all body locations studied. Clinical hair reduction was observed and fully assessed. There were no serious side effects with an average pain score of 4.6 out of 40. The cooled sapphire cylinder tip has been shown to minimize epidermal injury and reduce the system energy leaks to the skin.     

Laser hair removal for urethral hair after hypospadias repair

A 56-year-old male was admitted for induration of ventral side of the penile shaft. Computed tomography showed a large urethral calculus in the distal urethra. About 50 years previously, he had undergone multi-staged urethroplasty for hypospadias. He had also suffered from recurrent urethral calculi managed by urethrolithotomy 5 and 2 years before the admission. Urethrolithotomy revealed hair-bearing urethral calculus. Instillation of depilating agent containing thioglycolate into the neourethra for preventing hair regrowth was ineffective. Transurethral laser hair removal of neourethra was subsequently performed. All the neourethral follicles were ablated with GaAlAs diode laser (wave length 810 nm; at a power of 15W for 2 seconds) through a side-firing laser fiber. Another three operations were performed for a few regrown hairs at a power of 20-30W. Convalescence was uneventful. The patient is free of hair regrowth except for a hair at five months of follow-up.     

显微自体毛发单位移植治疗毛发缺失

目的:研究应用显微外科技术进行自体毛发单位移植治疗毛发缺失的临床疗效。方法:切取耳后或头枕部条形头皮组织,低温下,手术显微镜配合将头皮分离成单株和多株移植物,并按需要将移植物移植入受区。结果:42例患者,60个毛发种植区完成手术。经6～12个月随访,移植后的毛发能覆盖受区皮肤,形态自然,效果满意,毛囊成活率90%～95%。结论:在显微外科设备辅助下,进行毛胚单位的移植,提高了毛囊移植过程中的解剖精度,减少损伤,提高成活率。该方法值得在毛发移植手术中推广应用。     

Procedural Treatments for Acne Vulgaris

BACKGROUND: Simple procedural treatments such as comedone extraction and intralesional steroids have been utilized for many years as adjunctive therapy for acne. In the past 5 years, new technologies and procedures have become available that present new options for the treatment of acne. OBJECTIVES: The objective was to review, summarize, and evaluate the key studies of procedural therapies for the treatment of acne as well as place them in perspective with current clinical practice. METHODS: Studies selected for evaluation had at least 10 patients and clear statements of purpose, acne severity, patient selection, follow-up evaluations, previous and concurrent medications, treatment parameters, methods for evaluating results, and adverse effects. All studies were complete and published (in English) in peer-reviewed journals. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Earlier procedural therapies were adjunctive to medical therapy, such as intralesional steroids, chemical peels, and microdermabrasion. Newer methods include radiofrequency, light or laser, and photodynamic therapy that represent treatment alternatives for systemic medications. Still early in their development, these new procedures provide an important, novel set of options for the treatment of acne. The most developed and studied therapies are blue or blue/red light combinations, 1,450-nm diode laser, and photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid or indocyanine green. Review of the literature of more up-to-date physical procedures provides a starting point for physicians seeking to treat their acne patients safely and effectively with these new methods.