过敏性紫癜患儿外周血CD40L mRNA表达及其与血清IL-6和IL-8的关系

目的 探讨过敏性紫癜患儿外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中CD40L mRNA的表达及其与血清中IL-6和IL-8的关系.方法 应用逆转录一聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR),从转录水平检测30例过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿和20例正常儿童(对照组)PBMC中CD40L mRNA的表达,并应用ELISA双抗体夹心法检测血清中细胞因子IL-6和IL-8的水平.结果 HSP患儿(PBMC)中CD4JDL mRNA的表达明显高于对照组(P<0.05);HSP患儿血清中IL-6和IL-8水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05),加入抗-CD40L mAb后恢复正常.结论 HSP患儿PBMC中CD40L的表达异常增高,且CD40L的表达与血清中IL-6和IL-8呈正相关.     

过敏性紫癜患儿PBMC体外CD40L表达及炎症因子产生的研究

目的通过检测过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)体外表达CD40配体(CD40L)及产生炎症因子,探讨其发病机制.方法分别采用流式细胞技术及ELISA法检测PBMC表达CD40L阳性细胞率及培养上清中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6浓度,并进行相关分析.结果与正常儿童比较,HSP的CD40L阳性细胞率及IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6浓度明显增高;且CD40L与IL-1β及TNF-α均呈正相关.结论CD40L异常信号介导的炎症反应参与HSP发病.     

儿童激素敏感性肾病综合征CD30~+细胞及TH2类细胞因子研究

目的:了解糖皮质激素敏感性肾病综合征(SSNS)患儿CD30阳性细胞及分泌白细胞介素4(IL-4),5,6的TH2细胞活化状态,进一步证实SSNS免疫异常模式。方法:流式细胞仪(FACS)检测SSNS与健康儿童CD30阳性细胞百分率、ELISA检测外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)培养上清中IL-4,5,6及血清IgE浓度;用SSNS患儿CD30细胞百分率与PBMC培养上清中IL-4,5,6及血清IgE作直线相关分析。结果:SSNS患儿CD30阳性细胞率、IL-4及血IgE(11.96% lg2.11 pg/ml,299 IU/ml)显著高于健康儿童(2.81% lg 1.37 pg/ml, 110 IU/ml)(P均0.05);SSNS患儿CD30阳性细胞百分率与IL-4及血IgE水平相关有显著性(r=0.94,P<0.01,r=0.74,P<0.01);与IL-5、IL-6水平无显著性相关(P<0.05)。结论:SSNS患儿CD30阳性细胞增加并不意味着存在TH2类细胞全面活化,SSNS患儿既有某些TH2类细胞因子(IL-4)升高,又有一些TH2细胞因子的降低(IL-5)或无变化(IL-6),本文资料不能证明SSNS发病与TH1/TH2失衡有直接关联。     

维生素D3对儿童桥本甲状腺炎TH1/TH2型细胞因子的影响

目的 在T细胞和单核细胞水平观察1α,25(OH)2D3对儿童桥本甲状腺炎(HT)TH1/TH2型细胞因子的影响,为1α,25(OH)2D3干预儿童HT TH1/TH2功能失衡提供理论依据.方法 以2003-07-2004-08重庆医科大学儿童医院收治的27例HT患儿为研究对象,以17名健康儿童作对照.将其外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)分成两份一份用于活化T细胞,另一份进一步分离出单核细胞并分别培养.设1α,25(OH)2D3干预组和对照组,收集培养上清液.ELISA检测上清液中干扰素(IFN)-γ、白细胞介素(IL)-4、IL-10、IL-12水平.结果 HT组PB-MC产生IFN-γ、IL-12质量浓度显著高于健康对照,分别为(2 146.15±355.01)pg/mL和(1 462.00±101.52)pg/mL(P＜0.01)、(119.18±28.65)pg/mL和(102.84±23.86)pg/mL(P＜0.01);而IL-4、IL-10的表达显著低于健康对照组,分别为(52.26±7.17)pg/mL和(59.32±4.21)pg/mL(P＜0.01)、(132.99±12.04)pg/mL和(171.41±35.72)pg/mL(P＜0.01).1α,25(OH)2D3干预后HT患儿IFN-γ、IL-12表达显著下调,分别为(1536.00±243.95)pg/mL(P＜0.01)、(98.57±11.98)pg/mL(P＜0.01);IL-10表达在HT组和健康对照组均上调,分别为(184.15±35.34)pg/mL(P＜0.01)、(223.77±53.36)pg/mL(P＜0.01);IL-4的变化不明显(P＞0.05);IFN-γ/IL-4比值显著降低,IL-10/IL-12比值显著升高.结论 在T细胞和抗原提呈细胞水平,1α,25(OH)2D3能通过抑制HT增强的TH1型细胞因子分泌,纠正TH1/TH2细胞因子失衡.理论上1α,25(OH)2D3可作为免疫调节剂改善儿童HT TH1/TH2细胞因子失衡.     

静脉注射免疫球蛋白对川崎病患儿TH1/TH2的影响

目的研究静脉注射免疫球蛋白(IVIG)对川崎病急性期治疗前、后辅助T淋巴细胞1/辅助T淋巴细胞2(TH1/TH2)功能平衡状态的影响.方法采用ELISA法及流式细胞仪技术(FACS)检测了15例川崎病患儿急性期IVIG(剂量为1 g/kg,一次输入)治疗前外周血浆IgE、外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)经培养72 h产生白细胞介素4(IL-4)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)水平及CD4 T细胞膜蛋白CD30的表达率,并与IVIG治疗后(3～5 d)及对照组的15例门诊体检正常儿童比较.结果川崎病患儿急性期IVIG治疗前CD4 T细胞CD30表达率为(16.9±7.5)%、治疗后为(3.8±4.0)%;对照组为(3.0±1.8)%,IVIG治疗前与治疗后差异有显著性(t=7.02,P＜0.01),治疗前极显著高于对照组 (u=5.38,P＜0.01),治疗后与对照组的差异无显著性 (u=0.47,P＞0.05).治疗前PBMC培养上清IL-4水平[(146±27) ng/L]高于治疗后[(54±25) ng/L],差异有极显著性(t=9.65,P＜0.01).对照组[(67±24) ng/L]与治疗前的差异有极显著性(u=5.27,P＜0.01)、与治疗后差异无显著性(u=0.72,P>0.05).治疗前IFN-γ水平[(668±312) ng/L]与治疗后[(723±463) ng/L]无显著性差异(t=0.78,P＞0.05),治疗前与对照组[(1099±661) ng/L]差异有显著性(u=1.97,P＜0.05),治疗后与对照组比较无差异无显著性(u=1.40,P＞0.05).治疗前血浆IgE[(155±76) ng/L]明显高于治疗后[(77±57 ) ng/L],差异有极显著性(t=4.25,P＜0.01), 对照组[(38±52) ng/L]与治疗前比较差异有极显著性(u=4.58,P＜0.01)、与治疗后差异无显著性(u=1.83,P＞0.05).结论川崎病患儿急性期TH1/TH2功能平衡状态失衡,呈TH2优势活化状态,IVIG对急性期川崎病患儿TH1/TH2功能失衡状态有纠正作用,使TH2优势状态恢复正常.     

反复扁桃体炎患儿缓解期T细胞亚群及辅助性T淋巴细胞亚群的功能状态

目的探讨反复扁桃体炎(RT)患儿缓解期T淋巴细胞亚群及辅助性T淋巴细胞(Th)亚群功能状态。方法采用免疫荧光标记和流式细胞仪技术检测27例RT缓解期和21例健康对照组儿童外周血T细胞亚群的表面分子表达情况;同时采用双抗夹心ELISA法检测两组外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)培养上清液中IFN-γ和IL-4水平。结果RT患儿与对照组比较,CD4 和CD3 细胞的表达率均显著下降(P均<0.01),CD4 /CD8 比值失调(P<0.01);与Th1细胞功能相关的IFN-γ细胞因子表达水平显著降低(P<0.01),Th1/Th2比值失调(P<0.01);而CD8 细胞及与Th2细胞功能相关的IL-4细胞因子水平与对照组比较差异均无显著意义(P均>0.05)。结论RT患儿缓解期存在T细胞功能紊乱;Th1亚群功能低下以及Th1/Th2平衡的紊乱可能在RT的发病中起更重要的作用。     

调节性T细胞在儿童过敏性紫癜发病机制中的作用初探

目的系统观察过敏性紫癜(HSP)急性期调节性T细胞(Tr)亚群及辅助性T细胞亚群(Th1/Th2)的变化,探讨HSP急性期免疫失衡的发病机制。方法流式细胞术检测20例HSP急性期患儿各种调节性T细胞亚群(CD4+CD25+Tr、Tr1、Th3等)和辅助性T细胞亚群(Th1、Th2)的改变,并采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和荧光定量聚合酶链反应(Real-tim e PCR)检测其外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)Foxp3 mRNA的表达。同期20例同龄健康儿童作为对照。结果HSP急性期CD3+CD8-INF-γ-IL-4+(Th2)细胞显著增高(P<0.05),Th1/Th2比值显著降低(P<0.05)。各调节性T细胞亚群CD4+CD2+5Tr、CD4+IL-4-IL-10+(Tr1)、CD4+TGF-β+(Th3)细胞与正常对照组比较均显著降低(P均<0.05)。HSP组PBMC Foxp3 mRNA的表达与正常对照组比较亦显著降低(0.22±0.05vs.66.32±9.25,P<0.001)。结论HSP急性期存在明显的免疫失衡,Th2优势明显;调节性T细胞CD4+CD2+5Tr、Tr1、Th3数量减少导致的免疫抑制效应不足可能是导致HSP免疫失衡的重要原因,而HSP患儿调节性T细胞减少与Foxp3表达降低有关。     

哮喘患儿CD4+T细胞增殖及活化诱导凋亡机制研究

目的 通过体外细胞增殖及活化诱导细胞凋亡试验探讨小儿哮喘免疫炎症及Th细胞过度活化的相关机制.方法 哮喘组患儿21例,年龄(9.6±23)岁;正常对照组20例,年龄(9.7±1.9)岁.流式液相多重蛋白定量技术检测Th1/Th2/Th17细胞因子;磁珠分离CD4+T细胞,PHA结合anti-CD3体外刺激后分析其增殖能力及活化后凋亡情况;最后以相对定量PCR测定凋亡及增殖相关蛋白Fas、FasL、Bcl-2的mRNA表达情况.结果 哮喘组患儿血清细胞因子水平较正常对照组显著增高[IL-4:(2451±1.052)ng/Lvs(1.796±0.615)ng/L,P=0.018;IL-10:(1.920±0.813)ng/Lvs(1.390±0.162)ng/L,P=0.006;TNF:(5.112±5.842)ng/Lvs(1.506±0.551)ng/L,P=0.009];哮喘组CD4+T细胞增殖能力显著强于正常对照组[OD450:(0.498±0.052)vs(0.274±-0.032),P＜0.001],而活化诱导后细胞凋亡率则显著低于正常对照组[(35.62±0.05)％vs(65.28±3.85)％,P＜0.001];哮喘组患儿CD4+T细胞Fas mRNA表达较正常对照组显著降低,而Bcl-2表达则显著高于正常对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.001),FasL表达差异无统计学意义(p＞0.05).结论 哮喘患儿CD4+T细胞Fas表达降低及Bcl-2表达升高在一定程度上抑制了Th细胞活化后凋亡并且促进其增殖,而凋亡抑制及细胞增殖可能导致了哮喘患儿Th细胞过度活化和炎性浸润加剧.     

黄芪对反复扁桃体炎患儿辅助性T淋巴细胞亚群功能状态的影响

目的：观察反复扁桃体炎(RT)患儿缓解期辅助性T淋巴细胞(TH)亚群的功能状态及黄芪对RT患儿TH细胞亚群功能状态的影响。方法：对27例RT缓解期患儿的外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)体外分别经植物血凝素(PHA)和PHA+黄芪刺激(即RT-PHA组和RT-黄芪组),同时对21例健康儿童的PBMC体外经PHA刺激(即正常儿童PHA组),各组培养48h,用ELISA法检测培养上清液中TH类细胞因子IL-4和IFN-γ含量。结果：RT-PHA组IFN-γ水平与IFN-γ/IL-4比值显著低于正常儿童PHA组(P<0.01);RT-黄芪组IFN-γ水平及IFN-γ/IL-4比值虽然显著低于正常儿童PHA组(P<0.05),但也却显著高于RT-PHA组(P<0.01);各组间IL-4水平比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论：TH1亚群功能低下以及TH1/TH2平衡的紊乱在RT的发病中起重要作用;黄芪可显著提高RT患儿TH1亚群功能,改善RT患儿TH1/TH2功能失衡状态,对RT的治疗具有重要意义。     

传染性单核细胞增多症患儿外周血T细胞亚群与细胞因子动态变化

目的 观察传染性单核细胞增多症(infectious mononucleosis,IM)患儿细胞免疫功能动态变化.方法 采用ELISA法和流式细胞仪分别检测30例IM患儿急性期和恢复期外周血T细胞亚群和血清IFN-γ、IL-2,并与32例同龄健康儿童组进行比较.结果 急性期IM患儿IFN-γ、IL-2、CD3、CD8水平显著高于对照组及恢复期(P＜0.01),CD4、CD4/CD8比值显著低于对照组及恢复期(P＜0.01),恢复期患儿外周血CD4升高,细胞因子IFN-γ 、IL-2及外周血CD3、CD8降低,与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),恢复期CD4/CD8值仍低于对照组(P＜0.05),但高于急性期(P＜0.01).结论 IM患儿急性期外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及细胞因子有明显变化,检测其变化规律对评估IM患儿的细胞免疫功能状况,辅助诊断和指导治疗具有重要临床意义.     

过敏性紫癜外周血单个核细胞CD40 L表达及其干预研究

目的 观察过敏性紫癜患儿外周血单个细胞表达ＣＤ４０配体及其干预因素,以期探讨在过敏性紫癜发病机制中的作用并指导临床治疗。方法 用流工细胞技术,ＥＬＩＳＡ法及单向免疫扩散法检测观察组３３例患儿ＣＤ４０ Ｌ阳性细胞率,ＩＬ－４,ＩＬ－５及ＩｇＥ,Ａ,Ｇ,Ｍ,并与对照组比较。     

过敏性紫癜T淋巴细胞功能状态的研究

目的观察过敏性紫癜（HSP）患儿是否存在T淋巴细胞功能紊乱,以探讨其发病原理。方法分别采用单向免疫扩散法、酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）和流式细胞技术,检测HSP患儿血清、外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）培养上清液中免疫球蛋白的浓度、细胞因子水平及PBMC细胞膜上CD     

The expression of CD40 on monocytes of children with primary humoral immunodeficiencies

The interactions between CD40 and CD40L (CD154) are critical for effective humoral immune response. CD40 signaling facilitates T lymphocyte dependent B cell proliferation and immunoglobulin isotype switch. The objective of our study was to investigate the CD40 and CD40L expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of children with symptomatic transient hypogammaglobulinemia (THI), common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD). Additionally we studied the production of IL-12 and IL-18 by PBMC stimulated with soluble CD40L. CD40 expression was analyzed on B cells and monocytes, CD40L on activated T lymphocytes, using flow cytometry following staining of the cells with appropriate MAb. We found that CD40 expression on B cells and CD40L on activated T cells were essentially similar in the control and patient groups, while the decreased CD40 expression on monocytes was observed in THI and SIgAD patients compared with normal subjects. The most significant decrease of CD40 expression was observed in THI (37% of positive cells) in comparison with control (81% of positive cells). IL-12, but not IL-18, release by PBMC was increased in THI and CVID, but not in SIgAD. In conclusion we suggest that the decreased expression of CD40 on monocytes of children with THI and SIgAD, but not CVID, may be involved in the pathomechanism of these immunodeficiencies.     

Killing of human Herpes virus 6-infected cells by lymphocytes cultured with interleukin-2 or -12

BACKGROUND: Human Herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) is a causative agent of exanthema subitum and replicates mainly in lymphocytes. The aim of present study was to investigate cytotoxicity against HHV-6-infected cells by cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) and adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). METHODS: Human herpes virus 6-infected and -uninfected lymphocytes were used as target cells. Killing of target cells by CBMC and PBMC was investigated by the chromium release cytotoxicity assay. RESULTS: Freshly isolated CBMC and PBMC did not lyse HHV-6-infected and -uninfected cells. When CBMC and PBMC were cultured with interleukin (IL)-2, HHV-6-infected cells were significantly lysed compared with uninfected cells. Deletion of CD16+ cells by treatment of effector cells with anti-Leu-11b (CD16) antibody with complement reduced cytotoxicity against HHV-6-infected cells and T lymphocyte-rich cells did not lyse HHV-6-infected cells. Treatment of effector cells with anti-Fas ligand antibody and treatment of HHV-6-infected cells with anti-Fas antibody reduced cytotoxicity against HHV-6-infected cells. DNA fragmentation was detected in the supernatant from HHV-6-infected cells cultured with IL-2-activated lymphocytes. Culture of CBMC and PBMC with IL-12 also enhanced cytotoxicity against HHV-6-infected cells. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that lymphocytes cultured with IL-2 or IL-12 mediate killing against HHV-6-infected cells and killing of HHV-6-infected cells was through apoptosis. Fas-Fas ligand interaction is one pathway by which HHV-6-infected cells are killed. Killing of HHV-6-infected cells by NK cells activated by cytokines may play a role in the recovery from HHV-6 infection in vitro.     

Expression of and responses to CD2 and CD3 in 18‐month‐old children with and without atopic dermatitis

We hypothesize that atopy is associated with a reduced T‐cell function early in life and an imbalance in cytokine production. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of and responses to CD2 and CD3 in children who did or did not develop atopic dermatitis early in life. The expression of CD2 and CD3 was analyzed by flow cytometry, and proliferation of CD2 and CD3 was studied by ³H‐thymidine incorporation in phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)‐ and anti‐CD3‐stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 18‐month‐old children, 25 with and 29 without atopic dermatitis. Exogenous interleukin (IL)‐2 was added to compensate for possible functional differences in accessory cells. Anti‐CD3‐induced secretion of IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐13, and interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) was analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Atopy was associated with a low proportion of CD2⁺ lymphocytes. Responsiveness to PHA, which activates lymphocytes partly via the sheep erythrocyte receptor, CD2, was reduced in the allergic children. The anti‐CD3‐induced proliferation declined more rapidly with antibody dilution in the allergic than in the non‐allergic children. Atopic dermatitis was associated with high levels of anti‐CD3‐stimulated IL‐5 secretion. The IL‐4/IL‐10 and IL‐4/IFN‐γ ratios were higher in children with elevated total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Skin prick test‐negative children with eczema produced higher levels of IL‐10 than skin prick test‐positive children. In conclusion, atopic children have a reduced T‐cell function. Atopic dermatitis is associated with increased IL‐5 production, while high total IgE levels are associated with high IL‐4/IFN‐γ and IL‐4/IL‐10 ratios.     

Low frequency of CD4+, but not CD8+, T cells expressing interferon‐γ is related to cow's milk allergy in infancy

Low interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with atopic dermatitis and food allergy have been reported previously. However, it remains unclear whether the weak cytokine production is caused by the imbalance of specific T‐cell subsets or by dysregulation of T‐cell function. In the present study we investigated the intracellular expression of these cytokines at a single‐cell level to clarify the background of the disruption. Twelve of 27 breast‐fed infants (0.1–8.8 months of age) had challenge‐proven cow's milk allergy (CMA), and 15 infants were studied as a healthy control group. PBMC were stimulated with phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. The frequencies of the cells expressing intracellular IL‐4, IFN‐γ, and TNF‐α were assessed using flow cytometry. In addition, at this time‐point leucocyte subsets from the milk of mothers of these infants were evaluated using light microscopy. A lower number of CD8⁺ T cells and the defective capability of CD4⁺ T cells to express IFN‐γ in infant's peripheral blood co‐existed with a lower number of macrophages in their mother's milk.     

哮喘发作患儿CD30分子表达及与Th2源细胞因子和血浆免疫球蛋白E水平的相关性研究

目的　探讨CD3 0 在哮喘发病中的作用。方法　随机选择哮喘急性发作期患儿 2 7例 ,急性上呼吸道感染 (上感 )患儿 16例 ,对照组 19例。采用直接免疫荧光流式细胞术检测外周血单核细胞 (PBMC)中CD4 细胞表达CD3 0 百分率 ,采用ELISA法检测培养上清IL 4、IL 13及血浆IgE水平。 结果　 1.哮喘患儿PBMC中CD4 细胞表达CD3 0 百分率较对照组和上感组明显增高 ,差异有显著性 (P均 <0 .0 5) ;2 .哮喘患儿PBMC培养上清IL 4、IL 13和血浆总IgE水平均较对照组和上感组增高 ,上感组血浆IgE水平亦较对照组增高 ,差异均有显著性 ;3 .哮喘组CD4 细胞表达CD3 0 百分率与培养上清IL 4、IL 13和血浆IgE水平呈显著正相关。 结论　分泌IL 4和IL 13的Th2类细胞活化、增殖的克隆可能主要是由CD3 0 阳性细胞克隆组成 ,Th2细胞表面CD3 0 与CD3 0 L结合后导致Th2细胞分化成熟及释放Th2源细胞因子 ,IL 4和IL 13增加可诱导B细胞分泌较多的IgE。说明CD3 0 信号传导在哮喘发生发展过程中起重要作用     

支原体肺炎患儿辅助性T淋巴细胞亚群TH1、TH2细胞状况

目的　探讨肺炎支原体肺炎急性期患儿外周血淋巴细胞亚群以及辅助性T淋巴细胞亚群TH1、TH2细胞的改变 ,为免疫治疗的可能性提供依据。方法　采用流式细胞仪技术 (FACS)检测了3 5例支原体肺炎急性期患儿外周血T淋巴细胞亚群以及NK细胞和B细胞 ,同时通过检测分泌细胞因子γ干扰素 (IFN γ)、白细胞介素 4(IL 4)的CD+ 4细胞方法 ,测出相应TH1、TH2细胞的百分比 ,并与2 8例正常儿童进行比较。同时对 3 5例支原体肺炎患儿中的 3 0例进行了血清免疫球蛋白及精制结核菌素 (PPD)皮肤试验。全部患儿均系在我院住院的患儿 ,男 15例 ,女 2 0例 ,年龄 3～ 13岁 ,平均 9岁。对照组男 14例 ,女 14例 ,年龄 3～ 12岁 ,平均 7岁。结果　支原体肺炎患儿急性期外周血CD+ 3 、CD+ 4T细胞百分率为 68 0 0± 6 66及 3 7 86± 5 84,较对照组 63 71± 7 92及 3 4 54± 6 2 3高 ,(P <0 0 5) ;患儿外周血TH1细胞百分率为 14 13± 8 46,对照组为 2 0 77± 6 89,两者差异有非常显著意义 (P =0 0 0 1)。NK细胞及TH1/TH2比值在患儿组降低 (P分别为 <0 0 1和 <0 0 5)。两组间CD8、TH2、B细胞百分率及CD4/CD8比值差异无显著意义。 3 0例患儿之血清免疫球蛋白与同龄正常儿童比较 ,IgG全部正常 ;IgA升高 7例 ;IgM升高 4例。皮肤P     

下呼吸道感染患儿外周血单个核细胞呼吸道合胞病毒感染的研究

为探讨呼吸道合胞病毒（ＲＳＶ）对外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）的感染情况及感染后细胞免疫的变化，采用免疫组化法对１８例ＲＳＶ性急性下呼吸道感染患儿ＰＢＭＣ内ＲＳＶ及其Ａ、Ｂ亚型抗原进行了检测；采用ＡＰＡＡＰ法、ＭＴＴ比色法和ＥＬＩＳＡ法对Ｔ细胞亚群及Ｔ细胞表面白细胞介素２受体表达、ＰＢＭＣ培养上清液白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）活性和可溶性ＩＬ－２受体水平进行了测定。结果显示：１８例ＲＳＶ感染患儿中７例ＰＢＭＣ内可检测到ＲＳＶ抗原；１１例ＲＳＶＡ亚型感染者５例ＰＢＭＣ内均为ＲＳＶＡ亚型阳性，７例ＲＳＶＢ型感染者２例Ｂ亚型阳性；７例恢复期和１０例对照组患儿均为阴性；发病３天以内ＰＢＭＣ中ＲＳＶ抗原阳性者多于３天以后（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＲＳＶ感染组ＰＢＭＣ内ＲＳＶ抗原阳性者，ＣＤ４细胞比率和ＩＬ－２水平均低于阴性者（ｔ＝２．３８，２．４０，Ｐ值均＜０．０５）。提示：ＲＳＶ性急性下呼吸道感染患儿ＰＢＭＣ可被ＲＳＶ感染，可能由此加重免疫活性细胞损害，导致细胞免疫功能紊乱。     

肺炎支原体感染患儿外周血单个核细胞CD40L的表达及其临床意义

目的 了解CD40L在肺炎支原体(MP)肺炎及支气管哮喘患儿致病中的作用。方法 采用流式细胞仪对26例MP肺炎患儿、24例支气管哮喘合并MP感染患儿、23例支气管哮喘非MP感染患儿和25例正常对照组儿童外周血单个核细胞CD40L的表达进行了研究。结果 所有MP肺炎组和支气管哮喘组患儿CD40L表达在PMA和离子霉素(ionomycin)刺激前后均显著高于正常对照组。结论 外周血单个核细胞表面CD40L的表达与支气管哮喘的发病有重要关系，MP感染后外周血单个核细胞高表达CD40L可能促进支气管哮喘的发病。