血脂异常与体质指数相关性探讨

目的探讨血脂异常与体质指数（BMI）之间的关系。方法分析1274例健康体检人员血脂异常检出率与体质指数关系，将1274例受检者按BMI大于（包括等于）25和小于25分成两组，应用Χ^2检验比较两组血脂异常检出率有无统计学意义，进一步分析血脂异常与体质指数的相关性。结果在1274例被检出中共检出血脂异常41例，检出率3．22％。BMI〉25组血脂异常检出率8．39％，BMI〈25组血脂异常检出率1．47％，经Χ^2检验，检出率差别有统计学意义，BMI〉25组更易发生血脂异常。血脂异常检出率与体质指数经等级相关分析，相关系数rs=0．9727，呈正相关。结论调整体质指数，是预防血脂异常的重要措施。     

妊娠期糖尿病孕前体质指数对围产期母婴结局的影响

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病孕前体质指数(body mass indes,BMI)对围产期母婴结局的影响。方法选取2012年4月—2013年3月在海军总医院正规产检、分娩的238例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇,按照孕前BMI分组,BMI＜185 kg/m2为低体质量组、185 kg/m2≤BMI＜250 kg/m2为正常组、250 kg/m2≤BMI＜280 kg/m2为超重组、BMI≥280 kg/m2为肥胖组,分析各组间早产率、巨大儿发生率、剖宫产率、新生儿出生体质量、新生儿血糖水平等围产结局,分析各组间未接受正规治疗的比例。结果各组间巨大儿发生率、剖宫产率以及未接受正规治疗的比例差异有统计学意义,其中超重组和肥胖组巨大儿发生率与正常组比较明显升高（P＜005）,但与低体质量组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞005）。超重组剖宫产比例以及未接受正规治疗的比例与低体质量和正常组比较明显升高（P＜005）,但与肥胖组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞005）。肥胖组孕期体质量增加以及BMI增加与其余3组分别比较均明显减少（P＜005）。超重组新生儿血糖水平与低体质量组比较明显降低（P＜001）。4组之间早产率、新生儿体质量差异无统计学意义（P＞005）。结论妊娠期糖尿病孕前BMI与围产期母婴结局有明显相关性,孕前将BMI控制在185~250 kg/m2为宜。孕期应重点加强对孕前超重组和肥胖组的管理,控制孕期体质量增加,减少不良妊娠结局发生。     

体质指数与冠状动脉慢血流的相关性分析

目的探讨体质指数（BMI）和腰围（WC）与冠状动脉慢血流（CSF）之间的关系。方法入选左室射血功能正常,经冠状动脉造影证实矫正的TIMI血流帧计数（CTFC）〉27的CSF患者及同期经冠脉造影显示冠脉血流正常者为研究对象,其中CSF组29例,正常血流组29例,所有入选者常规测量身高、腰围、体重,计算BMI。分析BMI、腰围与CTFC帧计数的关系。结果两组入选者基线资料相当,CSF组患者BMI、WC均明显高于正常对照组（P〈0.05）;BMI及WC与CSF多因素logistic回归分析提示,WC〉85 cm组患病危险OR及95%CI为1.628（1.425～1.859,P〈0.05）;BMI≥28 kg/m^2对CSF的患病危险OR及95%CI为3.710（3.148～4.371,P〈0.05）。结论 CSF患者BMI及WC明显升高,BMI及WC升高是冠状动脉慢血流现象的危险因素。     

特勤疗养官兵体质指数现状调查分析

目的:调查特勤疗养官兵体质指数(BMI)现状,为制定干预措施提供参考依据。方法:随机抽取2019年1-8月在某疗养中心疗养的特勤官兵293例,采用自行设计的调查问卷调查特勤官兵BMI,分析比较不同年龄段、吸烟与否、不同人员类别官兵的BMI情况。结果:特勤官兵BMI偏低者占0.3%,正常者占50.2%,超重占39.6%,肥胖者占9.9%。年龄、吸烟与BMI均呈非常显著正相关(P<0.01);不同类别官兵BMI比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:特勤官兵超重和肥胖比例较高,应有针对性地制定干预措施,促进部队官兵健康水平提高。     

体质指数与退变性腰椎管狭窄症的关系

目的 探讨体质指数与退变性腰椎管狭窄症的关系。方法 研究对象为慢性下腰痛的患者,共1638例。术前记录患者身高、体重,并计算体质指数（BMI）。根据BMI将患者分为3组：正常组BMI〈24,超重组BMI为24～28,肥胖组BMI〉28。以CT对腰椎管横截面扫描,通过计算机图像测算技术,测量L3～L4、L4～L5、L5～S1硬膜囊横截面积（CSADS）和侧隐窝前后径,并以硬膜囊横截面积（CSADS）≤100mm^2或侧隐窝前后径（骨性标志）≤3mm为标准,诊断腰椎管狭窄症162例。结果 BMI正常组与超重组、肥胖组腰椎管狭窄症患病率比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）,超重组、肥胖组腰椎管狭窄症患病率高于BMI正常组（P〈0．05）。结论 BMI过高,即体重超重、肥胖是退变性腰椎管狭窄症的危险因素之一。     

系统免疫炎症指数与心血管疾病相关性研究进展

免疫炎症反应参与多种心血管疾病（cardiovascular disease,CVD）病理生理过程并发挥重要作用。系统性免疫炎症指数（systemic immune inflammation index,SII）是一种新型的全身炎症反应评价指标,目前研究已经证实,SII与动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗死、心力衰竭等多种CVD发生发展及预后密切相关。本文就近年来SII在CVD中的预测和评估价值予以综述。     

不同年龄段飞行员体质指数与体脂百分比特征观察

目的：观察分析不同年龄段飞行员体质指数（BMI）、体脂百分比（PBF）分布特征。方法：受测飞行员共303例,按照国民体质监测统计方法分为6个年龄段,即20～24岁．25～29岁、30～34岁、35～39岁、40～44岁、45～49岁。对每例受测人员分别进行BMI、PBF分级判定,分析不同年龄段飞行员身体形态特征。结果：303例中,按照BMI判断标准,超重和肥胖共177例,占58．4％;按照PBF判断标准,轻度以上肥胖共214例,占70．6％。与20～24岁及25～29岁年龄段比较,30岁以后的4个年龄段BMI、PBF均显著或非常显著增高（P〈O．05,P〈0．01）;各年龄段飞行员BMI与PBF均呈显著或非常显著正相关（P〈O．05,P〈0．01）,与体重均呈非常显著正相关（P〈O．01）。结论：飞行员超重和肥胖比例较高,且随着年龄增加,BMI和PBF均呈增高趋势;BMI对身体形态的评价更适用于20～29岁年龄段飞行员。     

单纯肥胖或超重儿童青少年体质指数和腰围对血管弹性的影响

近年来,儿童、青少年肥胖呈明显上升趋势,致使心血管疾病及代谢综合征的发生年龄前移,发生率增高.有报道称与体质指数(Body mass indax,BMI)相比,肥胖儿童腰围(WC)是预测心血管疾病危险因素的较好指标.成人中心性肥胖可预测心血管疾病危险的发生[1～3],而儿童、青少年WC是否和成人一样是发生心血管疾病、糖尿病等的高危因素,尚未见报道.本研究应用超声血管回声跟踪技术(ET)来研究BMI和WC对颈动脉内中膜厚度在正常范围(IMT≤0.9 mm)的超重/肥胖儿童、青少年血管弹性影响程度.     

军队男性干部冠心病危险因素分析

目的探讨部队男性干部冠心病危险因素分布,比较老年干部与非老年干部冠心病危险因素的差异。方法选择2006-2009年在我院疗养的男性干部2670人,将60～92岁的1869人列为老年组,将35～59岁的801人列为非老年组。结果非老年组饮酒、吸烟、舒张期高血压、低高密度脂蛋白的检出率分别为48.4%、28.2%、32.5%、9.2%明显高于老年组的46.3%、19.9%、12.1%、3.4%(P<0.05),而老年组超重、收缩期高血压、高餐后血糖的检出率分别为50.2%、34.2%、62.1%,高于非老年组的24.1%、9.6%、27.4%(P<0.05)。两组高三酰甘油、高胆固醇的检出率相比无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论军队非老年干部冠心病危险因素主要为吸烟、饮酒、舒张期高血压、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。老年干部冠心病危险因素主要为超重、收缩期高血压、高餐后血糖。     

Effects of active commuting to work for 12 months on cardiovascular risk factors and body composition

Active commuting has the potential to decrease cardiovascular risk by increasing physical activity. We aimed to investigate the effects of active commuting to work for 12 months on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, 73 hospital employees (age: 46 ± 9 years, 36% males), with a predominantly passive way of commuting, were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG) in a 2:1 fashion. The IG was further divided into a public transportation plus active commuting group (IG-PT) and a cycling group (IG-C). Both IGs were prompted to reach 150 min/wk of moderate intensity exercise. Daily self-reported commuting details were verified by GPS tracking. All subjects underwent assessment of body composition, resting blood pressure, glycemic control, and lipid profile at the beginning and end of the study. Data for final analyses were available in 62 subjects. Commuting details indicated that the subjects randomized to IG changed their commuting habits. HbA1c decreased by 0.2% [95%CI: −0.3, −0.2] in IG-PT but was not statistically different between groups (P = .06). LDL cholesterol decreased in IG-C by 0.8 mmol/L [−1.1, −0.4] and by 0.6 mmol/L [−1.2, 0.1] in IG-PT which can be considered biologically relevant but did not yield statistical significance. Body composition and blood pressure did not differ between groups. Active commuting to work for 12 months did not change body composition but yielded relevant changes in lipid profile and glycemic control. Health benefits of active commuting should be addressed by healthcare professionals when counseling individuals that seek to improve their cardiovascular risk profile.     

Combined influence of healthy diet and active lifestyle on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents

To investigate the combined influence of diet quality and physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents, adolescents (n = 1513; 12.5–17.5 years) participating in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study were studied. Dietary intake was registered using a 24‐h recall and a diet quality index was calculated. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry. Lifestyle groups were computed as: healthy diet and active, unhealthy diet but active, healthy diet but inactive, and unhealthy diet and inactive. CVD risk factor measurements included cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity indicators, blood lipid profile, blood pressure, and insulin resistance. A CVD risk score was computed. The healthy diet and active group had a healthier cardiorespiratory profile, fat mass index (FMI), triglycerides, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels and total cholesterol (TC)/HDL‐C ratio (all P ≤ 0.05). Overall, active adolescents showed higher cardiorespiratory fitness, lower FMI, TC/HDL‐C ratio, and homeostasis model assessment index and healthier blood pressure than their inactive peers with either healthy or unhealthy diet (all P ≤ 0.05). Healthy diet and active group had healthier CVD risk score compared with the inactive groups (all P ≤ 0.02). Thus, a combination of healthy diet and active lifestyle is associated with decreased CVD risk in adolescents. Moreover, an active lifestyle may reduce the adverse consequences of an unhealthy diet.     

成人生长激素缺乏症患者内脏脂肪指数与心血管疾病风险因素的相关性研究

目的 探讨成人生长激素缺乏症(AGHD)患者内脏脂肪指数(VAI)水平变化及其与人体测量学指标、糖脂代谢指标和炎症介质高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)的相关性.方法 收集40例AGHD患者及40例健康人群,测量两组人群人体测量学参数及糖脂生化指标,包括体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、VAI、腰围身高比值(WHtR)、亮氨酸氨基肽酶(LAP)、稳态模型评价的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、稳态模型评价的胰岛素分泌指数(HOMA-β)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)比值、总胆固醇(TC)/HDL-C比值、甘油三酯(TG)/LDL-C.结果 与对照组相比,AGHD组BMI、腰围(WC)、WHR、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、HOMA-β、HOMA-IR、TC、TG、LDL-C/HDL-C、TC/HDL-C、hs-CPR、IL-6、VAI均明显增高,HDL-C明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);VAI值与WC、WHR、舒张压(SBP)、FINS、HOMA-β、HOMA-IR、TG、LDL-C/HDL-C、TC/HDL-C、TG/LDL-C、hs-CPR、IL-6呈正相关(P＜0.05).多元线性回归分析显示,hs-CRP和IL-6是VAI的独立危险因素.Pearson相关指数分析显示,VAI与脂代谢和炎症因子相关性比WC、BMI、WHR、WHtR更好.结论 AGHD患者VAI值显著高于健康人群,并与罹患心血管疾病的多种危险因素显著相关.     

Relation between serum creatinine and body mass index in elite athletes of different sport disciplines

Objectives

To document the relation between serum creatinine concentration and body mass index in elite athletes from five different sports, and to study potential differences among athletes performing different sports with different features and requirements.

Methods

Before the start of the competitive season, serum creatinine was measured in 151 elite athletes from five different sports: rugby (n  =  44), soccer (n  =  27), alpine skiing (n  =  34), sailing (n  =  22), cycling (n  =  24). Pearson''s correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relation between serum creatinine and body mass index (BMI). Analysis of variance and unpaired Student''s t test were used to compare creatinine concentration and BMI in different sport disciplines.

Results

In the whole group of athletes, a positive correlation between serum creatinine and BMI was found (r  =  0.48, p<0.001). Significant differences in creatinine concentration and BMI were found between athletes competing in different sports: their mean (SD) values were respectively 1.31 (0.12) mg/dl and 28.83 (2.41) for rugby players, 1.27 mg/dl (0.10) and 23.10 (1.01) for soccer players, 1.15 (0.11) mg/dl and 25.8 (1.50) for skiers, 1.08 (0.11) mg/dl and 26.93 (2.36) for sailors, and 0.91 (0.07)mg/dl and 21.33 (1.21) for cyclists.

Conclusions

There is a correlation between creatinine concentration and BMI in elite athletes competing in different sports characterised by different kinds of training, competitive season, and involvement of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. Interpretation of creatinine concentrations in male athletes should consider professional status as well as the specific sport performed. All athletes should be monitored with consecutive creatinine assessments, using as the baseline the concentration determined before the start of training and the competitive season, but taking into consideration the specific sport performed and the BMI until equations that include creatinine and factors that affect its concentration are used.     

光比浊法评价老年心血管疾病患者阿司匹林抵抗的现患率及相关危险因素

 目的 光比浊法评价老年心血管疾病患者阿司匹林抵抗的现患率及可能的潜在危险因素.方法 454例老年心血管疾病患者,平均(73.91±8.12)岁,口服阿司匹林(≥75 mg) 1个月以上.结果 光比浊法检测结果 显示,38例(8.4%)发现为阿司匹林抵抗,166例(36.6%)为阿司匹林半抵抗,阿司匹林不敏感者(含阿司匹林抵抗和半抵抗)总计204例(45%).多因素回归分析表明,血管紧张素转换酶抑制药/血管紧张素受体拮抗药(ACEIs/ARBs) (OR=0.638,95% CI:0.414～0.983,P=0.042) 和硝酸酯类药物(OR=0.570,95% CI:0.367～0.884,P=0.012) 为阿司匹林不敏感者的保护性因素.结论 实验室检测提示,老年心血管疾病患者阿司匹林抵抗发生率较高,ACEIs/ARBs,硝酸酯类药物为阿司匹林不敏感者的保护性因素.     

腰围、体重指数和高胰岛素血症在代谢综合征评估中的意义

目的 评价腰围(WC)、体重指数(BMI)和高胰岛素血症(HIns)在代谢综合征(MS)评估中的意义.方法 分别收集经糖尿病筛查后行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)的中老年人群(A组)和年度查体直接采用OGTT行糖尿病筛查的某单位整体人群(B组)的查体资料,各项体检指标、化验检查均由专人负责测量,收集数据并录入专项数据库,由专人用SAS 5.0软件进行统计分析.WC异常根据国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)标准判定,MS相关代谢异常及BMI异常根据中国糖尿病学会(CDS)提出的标准判定,HIns按空腹胰岛素(FIns)≥15mU/L、糖负荷后2h胰岛素(2hPIns)≥80mU/L判定.结果 WC、BMI和HIns在以上两组中均是影响糖代谢、高血压和血脂紊乱的危险因素.A组糖尿病高危人群中WC异常和HIns的检出率均明显高于B组,总体胰岛素水平也高于B组;BMI异常在B组检出率高,HIns在糖耐量低减和正常血糖人群中检出率高,中老年糖尿病高危人群中WC异常率高,三项异常的检出各有一定的人群特异性.WC和BMI标准评估肥胖的一致性分别为77.5%(A组)和74.3%(B组),在B组单用WC作为诊断MS的指标,比用BMI异常作为标准诊断MS会遗漏约28.2%的患者.结论 WC异常、BMI异常和HIns均是影响糖代谢、高血压和血脂紊乱的危险因素,其在不同人群的检出率有所不同.结合WC异常、BMI指标和HIns对早期MS评估更有益.