基于平衡计分卡的公立医院绩效评价指标体系

目的构建一个科学、实用的公立综合医院平衡计分卡绩效评价指标体系,以便对医院的绩效做出综合、客观、公正的评价。方法以平衡计分卡的基本理论为指导,采用专家咨询法(Delphi法)和层次分析法,建立指标体系并确定各级指标权重,并采用加权综合指数法对3所医院的情况进行综合评价。结果构建了一套科学、实用的公立综合医院平衡计分卡绩效评价指标体系,该体系包括患者维度、流程维度、创新和学习维度、财务维度4个一级指标,13个二级指标,48个三级指标。结论平衡计分卡从多个维度评价医院的发展情况,有利于医院发现自己的不足之处,并在今后的管理中总结经验弥补不足。     

平衡记分卡在临床科室绩效考核指标体系中的应用

目的建立科学合理的临床科室绩效评价指标体系。方法参考文献,利用德尔菲法确定医院临床科室绩效评价的三级指标体系及权重。结果构建了一套较为科学实用的临床科室平衡计分卡绩效评价指标体系。该体系包括4个一级指标,10个二级指标,26个三级指标。结论平衡计分卡从多个维度评价科室,有利于发现科室的不足,并持续改进。     

基于平衡计分卡构建军队医院绩效评价指标体系

目的：构建一套合理、有效的军队医院绩效评价指标体系。方法：本文主要采用层次分析法（AHP）和Saaty’s权重法,确定医院绩效评价的三级指标及其权重。结果：构建了一套军队医院BSC绩效评价指标体系,该体系包括4个一级指标,12个二级指标,41个三级指标。结论：平衡计分卡从多个维度评价军队医院管理状况,有利于医院进行持续的质量改进,提高管理水平和服务能力。     

主诊医生负责制绩效评价指标体系研究

目的：构建以平衡计分卡为基础的主诊医生负责制绩效评价指标体系。方法：借鉴平衡计分卡的理论,采用文献回顾法、德尔菲法、变异系数法、分层聚类分析法及主成分分析法等现代数理统计学方法,进行主诊医生负责制绩效评价指标的筛选以建立指标体系。应用层次分析法确定指标权重系数。结果：构建一个涵盖财务、顾客、内部流程、学习与成长4个维度一级指标、32个二级指标的主诊医生负责制绩效评估指标体系。结论：该绩效评价指标体系能够对主诊医生寅责制的绩效做出全面、客观、公正的评价。旨在通过绩效评价,发现医院管理中的薄弱环节,进行管理机制改革与创新,为医院管理提供科学的决策和新的管理模式,促进医院持续健康发展。     

基于平衡计分卡的医疗合作绩效评价指标体系构建

目的 为军队医院评价医疗合作绩效和规范运行管理,构建一套科学、实用的合作绩效评价指标体系.方法 依据平衡计分卡(BSC)原理,结合有关管理规定以及医疗合作特点,构建指标评价体系,采用德尔菲法和层次分析法确定各层次指标及其权重.结果 构建了一套基于Bsc的4个维度医疗合作绩效评价指标体系,包括4个一级指标、12个二级指标和40个三级指标.结论 指标体系从多维度评价医疗合作运行绩效,强化了导向、激励、制约等作用.     

军队医院综合绩效评价指标体系构建

目的 构建以任务驱动为导向的军队医院绩效评价指标体系,为管理部门开展医院绩效考核与管理工作提供支持.方法 采用文献分析和头脑风暴法构建评价模型和初始指标库,运用专家咨询和层次分析法确定指标内容,并对师以上医院和团级医院分别设置权重.最后,通过对21所军队医院的实证分析验证指标体系的可行性.结果 基于平衡计分卡与PATH模型理论确立包括4个一级指标、17个二级指标、31个三级指标的军队医院绩效评价指标体系.结论 指标体系构建过程科学、内容设置全面,指标内容与权重能突出军队医院服务保障职能特点,可为开展全军医院绩效评价提供参考.     

黑龙江省三级综合医院绩效评价指标体系研究

旨在以第三方角度，采用平衡计分卡的理论框架，构建三级综合医院绩效评价指标体系。明确了1个评价总目标，设计了4个维度、11个分支目标；利用文献法、Delphi法和平衡计分卡的战略地图选择了16个关键绩效指标：采用Delphi法确定了组合权重。通过加权TOPSIS法和加权秩和比法对指标体系的检验结果表明该指标体系有较好的有效性和合理性，能够反映评价对象的整体绩效水平。     

运用平衡计分卡和加权TOPSIS法对医院临床科室绩效考核评价的实践

目的 通过运用平衡计分卡结合加权TOPSIS法对南京市某三级甲等公立医院临床科室进行绩效考核评价.方法 采用平衡计分卡法设定一级指标,使用文献研究、专家咨询法确定二级指标,建立医院绩效评价指标体系,运用SAS软件通过加权TOPSIS法对收集到的医院临床科室考核指标数据进行综合排序.结果 经过筛选最终确定4个一级、12个二级指标的临床科室绩效考核指标体系,得出各个临床科室的年终综合绩效排序,根据排序结果进行相应奖惩.结论 平衡计分卡和加权TOPSIS法对医院临床科室能够进行有效的绩效考核评价,提升医院管理水平,可以广泛应用于医院临床科室绩效考核评价工作.     

公立医院智慧财务建设绩效评价体系研究

目的:以强化运营管理为战略导向,构建一套可操作、可推广的公立医院智慧财务建设绩效评价体系。方法:综合应用文献分析法、专家咨询法及问卷调查法来构建指标体系并确定其权重。结果:经过专家咨询,基于平衡计分卡理论最终构建了公立医院智慧财务建设绩效评价指标体系,其中包含财务层面、业务流程层面、患者和用户层面以及学习与成长层面4个一级指标、10个二级指标、28个三级指标。在指标体系构建基础上,采用权值因子法确定指标权重。结论:以强化运营管理为战略导向,构建公立医院智慧财务绩效评价指标体系,不但符合医院运营管理的客观要求,而且能够科学、全面地评价公立医院智慧财务建设状况,为医院智慧财务建设指明方向。     

军队中心医院基于平衡计分卡成本控制体系评价指标的建立

目的为军队医院评价医疗成本运行现状和成本管理,提供一套科学、完整的评价指标体系。方法基于平衡计分卡（BSC）原理和医院发展规律筛选指标,采用德尔菲法（Delphi）结合层次分析法（AHP）确定各维度指标的权重。结果从BSC的4个维度建立了一套完整反映医院成本控制战略目标的核心指标及权重,包括4个一级指标、11个二级指标以及42个三级指标。结论指标体系设计科学、合理全面,权重系数的确定合理,可进一步用于军队医院的成本控制评价。     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.