Isolation and characterization of sixteen microsatellite loci of a blind cavefish, Triplophysa xiangxiensis

The blind loach, Triplophysa xiangxiensis, is an endemic fish in feihu cave of western Hunan Province of China. In this study, we describe the isolation and characterization of sixteen polymorphic microsatellite loci for T. xiangxiensis. The polymorphism of these markers was determined from 36 individuals. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 9. The observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.3625 to 0.8918 and from 0.5386 to 0.8915, respectively. The data thus suggest their potential use as genetic markers for assessment of germplasm diversity and linkage analysis of T. xiangxiensis.     

Isolation and characterization of 28 polymorphic microsatellite loci in black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus)

This study reports the isolation and characterization of 28 polymorphic microsatellite loci developed from black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus), which is an important freshwater fish in China. The polymorphism was assessed with 32 individuals. Results showed that the numbers of loci alleles ranged from 2 to 19, and the values of observed and expected heterozygosities were from 0.2609 to 1.0000 and from 0.2417 to 0.9385, respectively. These markers are potentially useful for black carp population genetics analysis.     

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in Jinshaia sinensis

In this study, we isolated and characterized thirteen polymorphic microsatellite markers for Jinshaia sinensis, a fish species endemic to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China. Each locus was screened in a population of 48 individuals. Number of alleles per locus ranged between five and nineteen. Observed heterozygosity ranged between 0.121 and 0.854, and expected heterozygosity between 0.722 and 0.928. No significant linkage disequilibrium was found between pairs of loci. However, three loci showed significant departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and four loci had evidence of null alleles. These markers presented here will be valuable tools to understand the genetic structure of J. sinensis populations in the Yangtze River.     

Isolation and characterization of twenty-three polymorphic microsatellite loci for Linckia laevigata

Twenty-three polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed for the tropical sea star, Linckia laevigata. Microsatellite enriched genomic libraries were constructed and subsequently sequenced using Roche 454 technology. The 23 loci were characterized in 21 individuals from Pulau Derawan, Indonesia. Observed levels of heterozygosity ranged from 0.20 to 1.00 with a mean of 8.0 alleles per locus. No pairs of loci showed evidence of significant linkage disequilibrium and 4 loci significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg expectations.     

Isolation and characterization of fourteen polymorphic microsatellite loci for Odontobutis sinensis

Odontobutis sinensis is an indigenous freshwater fish in China. The wild population size of this species has declined sharply in inland waters in recent years. For the purpose of the conservation of natural resources of O. sinensis, 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized in 30 individuals collected from Liangzi Lake in Hubei Province. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 14 with an average of 5.07. The expected and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.291 to 0.887 and from 0.067 to 0.700, respectively. These newly isolated loci are currently being used for population genetic diversity analysis and will be valuable for the conservation of O. sinensis.     

Isolation and characterization of twenty microsatellite loci for the ballan wrasse,Labrus bergylta

We developed 20 nuclear microsatellite DNA markers from tri- and tetra-nucleotide enriched libraries in the ballan wrasse. In our dataset (N = 241), the detected number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 12, and the observed and expected heterozygosity varied from 0.251 to 0.778 and from 0.286 to 0.804, respectively. Cross amplification with the goldsinny wrasse resulted in two usable loci whereas the corkwing wrasse amplified in one locus. The ballan wrasse is an important resource for aquaculture as it delouses farmed salmon efficiently and removes organic matter from farming facilities. In order to obtain individuals for this industry, the wrasse are translocated along the Norwegian coastline, in spite of no knowledge of the population structure. This paper enables such studies, which might be important for the long term management of the species.     

Isolation and characterization of sixteen polymorphic microsatellite loci in the Western Spadefoot, Pelobates cultripes (Anura: Pelobatidae) via 454 pyrosequencing

The Western Spadefoot, Pelobates cultripes (Anura, Pelobatidae), is endemic to the Iberian Peninsula and southeastern France, with isolated populations in the Atlantic coast of France. Its populations are fragmented and it is considered Near Threatened by the IUCN. Here we describe the development of sixteen polymorphic microsatellite loci in this species. Polymorphism was assessed in 95 individuals from five Iberian populations. The number of alleles and expected heterozygosity ranged from 3 to 14 and 0.20 to 0.76, respectively. Eight loci cross-amplified in the closely related and Endangered Moroccan Spadefoot toad, Pelobates varaldii. These markers will be useful to address questions about the ecology, population genetics and evolutionary history of P. cultripes, including information on effective population size, habitat use and dispersal patterns, which are essential for the efficient management of the fragmented populations characteristic of most of its range.     

Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci from Silurus Lanzhouensis

Silurus Lanzhouensis is an endangered freshwater fish endemic to Ningxia, Gansu and Shaanxi province of China. Here we describe a first set of 12 polymorphic Silurus Lanzhouensis microsatellite loci. The observed numbers of alleles ranged from 2 to 7. The expected and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.3279 to 0.8438 and from 0.4021 to 0.8410, respectively. These microsatellite markers are useful for population and conservation genetic studies in S. Lanzhouensis.     

Isolation and characterization of 26 microsatellite loci for the frog Feirana quadranus

Twenty-six microsatellite markers were developed for the stream-dwelling frog Feirana quadranus to investigate its population genetic structure across central China. All loci were polymorphic when tested on 29 individuals from one population. After excluding loci with significant Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium deviation and evidence of null alleles, the average number of alleles over seventeen loci was 12.0 ± 0.9 (SE), while the mean observed and expected heterzygosities were 0.85 ± 0.01 and 0.83 ± 0.02, respectively.     

Isolation and characterization of 14 microsatellite loci for Chinese catfish Silurus asotus

Silurus asotus is a high commercially valuable aquaculture fish in some regions of China. In this survey, the first set of 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci for S. asotus was developed and characterized. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 9 to 15 and the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.593 to 0.931 and from 0.833 to 0.926, respectively. Four loci were found deviated from HWE in the sampled population after Bonferroni correction. These microsatellite loci will be useful for revealing population structure, and conservation genetics of S. asotus.     

Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci for Imperata cylindrica, an invasive perennial grass

Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) is an invasive perennial grass widely distributed in the world, and two ecotypes (C-type and E-type) are found in Japan. We isolated and characterized eight microsatellite loci from the two ecotypes. The number of alleles ranged from 4 to 12 in C-type, 1 to 7 in E-type and 4 to 12 in the hybrid between them. The range of expected heterozygosities was 0.561–0.910 in C-type, 0.000–0.823 in E-type and 0.541–0.918 in the hybrid. These markers will be useful for investigating expansion process, natural hybridization between two ecotypes and reproductive strategy of this weed.     

Isolation and characterization of eighteen polymorphic microsatellite loci for the topical seagrass, Syringodium isoetifolium

Eighteen polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed for the tropical seagrass, Syringodium isoetifolium. Microsatellite enriched genomic libraries were constructed and subsequently sequenced using Pacific Biosciences SMRT technology. The 18 loci were characterized in 24 individuals from the Indonesian archipelago. Observed levels of heterozygosity ranged from 0.14 to 0.91 with a mean of 3.7 alleles per locus. Four pairs of loci showed evidence of significant linkage disequilibrium and one locus deviated significantly from Hardy–Weinberg expectations.     

Isolation and characterization of nineteen microsatellite loci for the collector sea urchin, Tripneustes gratilla

Nineteen polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed for the collector sea urchin, Tripneustes gratilla. Microsatellite enriched genomic libraries were constructed and subsequently sequenced using Roche 454 technology. The 19 loci were characterized in 24 individuals from the Indonesian archipelago. Observed levels of heterozygosity ranged from 0.21?C0.92 with a mean of 12.2 alleles per locus. No pairs of loci showed evidence of significant linkage disequilibrium and 5 loci significantly deviated from Hardy?CWeinberg expectations.     

Isolation and characterization of twenty-four polymorphic microsatellite loci for the topical seagrass, Thalassia hemprichii

Twenty-four polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed for the tropical seagrass, Thalassia hemprichii. Microsatellite enriched genomic libraries were constructed and subsequently sequenced using Pacific Biosciences SMRT technology. The 24 loci were characterized in 19 individuals from the Tukang Besi Islands, South East Sulawesi, Indonesia. Observed levels of heterozygosity ranged from 0.26 to 0.95 with a mean of 4.7 alleles per locus. No pairs of loci showed evidence of significant linkage disequilibrium and one locus significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg expectations.     

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the redside dace, Clinostomus elongatus

We isolated and characterized eight polymorphic microsatellite loci for redside dace (Clinostomus elongatus), a colorful North American cyprinid that is threatened or endangered throughout most of its range. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to eighteen, with observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.31–0.92. Cross-amplification revealed that these markers will also be useful for examining closely related and more distantly related species, including the rosyside dace (Clinostomus funduloides), Lahontan redside shiner (Richardsonius egregius), hornyhead chub (Nocomis biguttatus), and central stoneroller (Campostoma anomalum). These microsatellite loci will provide a valuable set of tools for examining fine and coarse scale population structure, exploring reproductive success, and testing outcomes of proposed conservation initiatives (e.g. captive breeding and translocation of wild individuals) for redside dace.     

Isolation and characterization of 16 microsatellite loci for the giant salamander Andrias davidianus

Sixteen microsatellite markers were developed for the critically endangered giant salamander Andrias davidianus to examine its population genetic structure and parentage across central China. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 10 (mean of 7.4) when tested on 36 individuals from two cultivated populations (LY, TB). The average observed and expected heterozygosities in LY (n = 19) and TB (n = 17) were 0.83 ± 0.02 and 0.79 ± 0.01, 0.70 ± 0.03 and 0.67 ± 0.02 respectively.     

Isolation and characterization of fifteen microsatellite loci for the giant clam Tridacna maxima

Conservation Genetics Resources - Fifteen polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for Tridacna maxima in order to assess self-recruitment and larval dispersal within and among MPAs in New...     

Isolation and characterization of twenty-three polymorphic microsatellite loci in Schizothorax macropogon

Twenty-three polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated from Schizothorax macropogon and were characterized in 42 individuals collected from the Yarlung Tsangpo River in Tibet, China. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 5 to 32 with an average of 20.17. The expected heterozygosity and Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 0.709 to 0.951 and from 1.421 to 3.183, respectively. These microsatellite loci will be valuable for the evaluation of genetic diversity and population genetic structure of S. macropogon.     

Isolation and characterization of novel microsatellite loci in Vaccinium arctostaphylos L

For the first time, this study has described the characterization of 25 novel polymorphic microsatellite loci from a repeat-enriched genomic library of V. arctostaphylos using a modified FIASCO method. Polymorphism of each locus was assessed in 64 individuals of the Vaccinium. The average allele number of the microsatellites, observed (H_O) and expected (H_E) heterozygosities were 5.88, 0.85 and 0.67 per locus, respectively. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value and inbreeding coefficient (F) ranged from 0.26 to 0.87 and ?0.72 to 0.03, respectively. Ten of the twenty-five loci showed significant departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. These microsatellite loci could be useful to study genetic diversity and population structure of V.arctostaphylos.     

Isolation and characterization of twenty-four polymorphic microsatellite loci in Oxygymnocypris stewartii

Twenty-four polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated from Oxygymnocypris stewartii and were characterized in 42 individuals collected from the Yarlung Tsangpo River in Tibet, China. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 24 with an average of 12.542. The expected heterozygosity and Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 0.731 to 0.932 and from 1.342 to 2.887, respectively. These polymorphic loci will be available for the evaluation of genetic diversity and population genetic structure of O. stewartii.