The effect of tiotropium on the pulmonary diffusing capacity

To our knowledge, there is no data on the effect of tiotropium on pulmonary gas exchange in healthy subjects. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of tiotropium on pulmonary diffusing capacity. Twenty-one healthy volunteers were enrolled for a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Spirometric measurements, including pulmonary-diffusing capacity, were obtained before and after inhalation of drug or placebo. There was a significant decrease in forced vital capacity (FVC) and, consequently, an increase in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to FVC ratio after placebo inhalation (p < 0.05), but no changes were found for percent-predicted FVC, FEV1, percent-predicted FEV1, percent-predicted forced expiratory flow (FEF25%-75%), percent-predicted peak expiratory flow (PEF), diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), single-breath alveolar volume (VA) and DLCO/VA ratio when compared with the baseline. Tiotropium inhalation caused a significant increase in FVC, percent-predicted FEV1, FEV1/FVC and percent-predicted FEF25%-75%, although the decrease in DLCO was insignificant (12.4 +/- 0.9 to 11.4 +/- 0.9). In conclusion, tiotropium does not change the pulmonary-diffusing capacity in healthy volunteers.     

Chronically inhaled salmeterol improves pulmonary function in heart failure

Inhaled beta-agonists are commonly prescribed for the symptoms of exercise intolerance in heart failure despite a paucity of data regarding their safety and efficacy. This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled 14-day cross-over study to determine if chronic inhaled salmeterol therapy 84 microg every 12 hours improved pulmonary function without augmentation of neurohormonal systems or ventricular ectopy in 8 symptomatic heart failure subjects with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% and FEV1 相似文献   

小气道功能指标在儿童哮喘病情严重程度评估及临床诊断中的应用

目的 探讨小气道功能指标在儿童哮喘病情严重程度评估及临床诊断中的应用价值。方法 选取2013年5月至2016年4月于郑州市第二人民医院56例哮喘急性发作期病儿作为哮喘组,并根据哮喘急性发作严重程度分为轻度(21例)、中度(20例)和重度(15例)三个亚组,同时选取同期、年龄相仿及性别相匹配的30例因其他原因引起喘息咳嗽的慢性炎症病儿和32例入院检查健康儿童分别作为非哮喘组和对照组,收集各组儿童一般资料,采用肺功能测定系统检测各组儿童用力肺活量(FVC)、最大呼气流量(PEF)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)和FEV1/FVC比值、呼出25%肺活量时呼气流速(FEF25%)、呼出50%肺活量时呼气流速(FEF50%)、呼出75%肺活量时呼气流速(FEF75%)、最大中期呼气流速(MMEF)等指标。结果 与对照组比较,非哮喘组和哮喘组病儿FVC、FEV1、PEF、FEF25%、FEF50%、FEF75%和MMEF等指标均显著降低(P<0.05),且哮喘组病儿上述指标显著低于非哮喘组[(1.42±0.36)L比(1.85±0.47)L、(1.25±0.32)L比(1.42±0.41)L、(2.68±0.64)L比(3.25±0.77)L/s、(2.54±0.65)L/s比(3.74±0.68)L/s、(1.58±0.36)L/s比(2.24±0.71)L/s、(0.61±0.37)L/s比(1.02±0.41)L/s、(1.42±0.49)L/s比(1.89±0.68)L/s)](均P<0.05),而三组病儿FEV1/FVC指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。哮喘急性发作期不同程度病儿用力呼出25%肺活量的呼气流量占预计值百分比(FEF25pred%)、用力呼出50%肺活量的呼气流量占预计值百分比(FEF50pred%)、用力呼出75%肺活量的呼气流量占预计值百分比(FEF75pred%)、最大呼气中期流量占预计值的百分比(MMEFpred%)等指标比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随着病情程度增加,病儿FEF25pred%、FEF50pred%、FEF75pred%、MMEFpred%等指标呈现明显降低趋势(P<0.05),FEF25%和FEF75%指标在不同严重程度哮喘病儿中异常率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),FEF50%和MMEF指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其中FEF25%主要表现为轻度异常,而FEF75%主要表现为重度异常。结论 小气道功能指标在儿童哮喘病情严重程度评估及临床诊断具有重要意义,随着病情加剧,小气道功能指标明显降低,且异常率显著增加。     

沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松对哮喘儿童肺功能的改善及临床意义

目的:观察沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松对哮喘儿童肺功能改善情况。方法:采用德国Jaeger公司的MasterscreenIOS测定仪,对61例支气管哮喘患儿在沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松治疗前后进行通气肺功能(F-V)和脉冲振荡(IOS)检测。观察用力肺活量(FVC)、第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、最大呼气流速(PEF)、呼出25%肺活量时最大呼气流量(FEF25)、呼出50%肺活量时最大呼气流量(FEF50)、呼出75%肺活量时最大呼气流量(FEF75);呼吸阻抗(Zrs)、气道总阻力(R5)、中心气道阻力(R20)、响应频率(Fres)。结果:沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松治疗后FVC、FEV1、PEF均明显升高(P<0.001),而Zrs、R5、R20、Fres均明显降低(P<0.05),两者检查结果均有显著统计学意义。结论:吸入沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松能改善哮喘儿童的肺通气功能,降低气道阻力,是治疗儿童哮喘的理想药物之一。     

Cardiorespiratory responses to submaximal incremental exercise are not affected by one night's sleep deprivation during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of one night's sleep deprivation on the cardiorespiratory responses to exercise during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. We have studied nine, healthy females aged 24-35 years with regular menstrual cycles. Each subject performed spirometric tests at rest and then an incremental exercise testing during 11-13 days of follicular phase and 22-24 days of luteal phase following one normal night's sleep or one night's sleep loss. Compared with resting values exercise produced significant increases in cardiorespiratory variables including oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), tidal volume (VT), respiratory rate (RR), minute ventilation (VE), systolic blood pressure, heart rate (HR) and respiratory quotient (R). However, it did not alter significantly diastolic blood pressure, end-tidal PO2 (PETO2), end-tidal PCO2 (PETCO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). Spirometric variables which include forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC%, forced expiratory volume in three s (FEV3), forced expired flow from 25-75% of FVC (FEF 25-75%), forced expired flow at 25% of FVC (FEF 25%), forced expired flow at 50% of FVC (FEF 50%), forced expired flow at 75% of FVC (FEF 75%), forced expired flow from 75-85% of FVC (FEF 75-85%), peak expiratory flow (PEF), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), inspiratory capacity (IC) and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) and cardiorespiratory variables were not different between the cycle phases after one normal night's sleep or one night's sleep deprivation. Neither menstrual cycle phase nor sleep deprivation affected spirometric and cardiorespiratory parameters. We suggest that one night's sleep deprivation does not produce alterations in spirometric parameters and cardiorespiratory responses to submaximal incremental exercise during the follicular and luteal phases.     

半乳糖凝集素 -3、白细胞介素 35、白细胞介素 17在支气管哮喘病儿血清中的水平及与肺功能的相关性

目的探究半乳糖凝集素 -3(Galectin-3)、白细胞介素 35(IL-35)及白细胞介素 17(IL-17)在支气管哮喘病儿血清中的水平及临床意义。方法选取 2021年 8月至 2022年 8月徐州医科大学附属医院诊治的哮喘病儿 77例,分为轻中度哮喘急性发作组( 40例)及哮喘缓解组( 37例)选择同期徐州医科大学附属医院健康体检儿童 26例为对照组。采用酶联免疫法测定血清 Galectin-3、IL-35、IL-17水平。应用,肺功能仪进行肺功能检查,记录第 1秒用力呼气容积 /1 s用力呼气量预计值百分比(FEV1%)、 1s用力呼气量占用力肺活量比值( FEV1/ FVC)、最大呼气 50%瞬间流量( FEF50%),最大呼气 75%瞬间流量(FEF75%)指标。结果轻中度急性发作组 Gal-3、IL-17水平分别为( 50.89±7.90)ng/L、(60.95±8.14)ng/L,明显高于缓解组的(33.93±9.49)ng/L、(42.94±6.67)ng/L及对照组的( 24.8±5.84)ng/L、(35.45±8.68)ng/L,差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。轻中度急性发作组 IL-35水平为( 101.28±9.44)ng/L明显低于缓解组(125.91±7.79)ng/L及对照组(148.83±8.09)ng/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。轻中度急性发作组 FEV1%、FEV1/FVC水平分别为( 67.22±12.11)%、(67.56±12.60)%明显低于缓解组的( 95.4±10.63)%、(95.58±10.95)%和对照组的( 108.21±10.49)%、(108.9±10.03)%,均差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)FEF50%、FEF75%在轻中度急性发作组分别为( 46.22±11.80)%、(38.42±9.94)%,与缓解组的( 50.11±11.53)%、(42.76±12.39)%比,较,差异无统计学意义( P>0.05),与对照组( 91.75±12.43)%、(93.84±12.07)%比较差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。 Gal-3与 IL-17呈正相关( P<0.05), IL-35与 IL-17呈负相关( P<0.05), Gal-3、IL-17与 FEV1%、FEV1/FVC、FEF50%、FEF75%呈负相关( P<0.05), IL-35与 FEV1%、FEV1/FVC、FEF50%、FEF75%呈正相关( P<0. 05)。结论哮喘病儿 Gal-3表达上调, IL-35表达下调,引起 IL-17促表达增强、表达抑制作用减弱, IL-17水平升高从而导致气道炎症加重,可能是轻中度哮喘急性发作的发病机制之一;亦可能是哮喘缓解期部分病儿小气道炎症持续存在的可能机制之一。 Gal-3、IL-35、IL-17水平测定有助于预测轻中度哮喘急性发作风险及指导调整吸入糖皮质激素(ICS)用药。     

沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂治疗哮喘的临床疗效分析

目的：观察吸入沙美特罗替卡松粉治疗成人哮喘的临床疗效。方法：将80例哮喘患者分为治疗组与对照组,治疗组给予沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入治疗,对照组给予布地奈德粉吸入剂治疗。观察患者治疗前后临床症状及肺功能[用力呼气肺活量（FVC）,第1秒用力呼气容积率（FEV1%）和用力呼气峰流速（PEFR）]的变化。结果：与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后临床症状、肺功能各项指标、血清IL-4和IgE水平均得到明显改善;治疗后治疗组临床疗效、肺功能FVC、FEV1%和PEFR均明显优于对照组,但两者血清IL-4和IgE水平差异无统计学意义。结论：沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂治疗成人哮喘疗效显著,适于临床应用。     

Determinants of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in subjects with rhinitis

Subjects with rhinitis but without asthma may have coexisting bronchial hyperresponsiveness, although the reasons for this are uncertain. To evaluate the factors that determine BHR in rhinitis we examined 410 patients with symptomatic rhinitis with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC)>or=80% of the predicted value. In all subjects a skin prick test (SPT) was performed, a determination of total serum IgE and an eosinophils count in the blood. Of the 410 subjects we found that 161 (39.3%) exhibited a methacholine PD20 of 800 mg or less (Group A), whereas 249 (60.7%) had a methacholine PD20 more of 800 mg (Group B). Despite the matched mean values for FEV1 and FVC, compared with Group B, Group A had a lower predicted forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75%(FEF25%-75%) (86.7 +/- 12.0 vs. 93.7 +/- 7.3, P < 0.0001). A great portion of the subjects of the Group Ain respect to subjects of the Group B were exposed to passive smoke (37.8% vs. 22.0%, P = 0.0008), reported having mothers with asthma (34.1% vs. 6.0%, P < 0.0001), presented a positive skin prick test (93.7% vs. 67.0%, P < 0.0001), had higher levels of total serum IgE (geometric mean of Log10 2.46 +/- 0.27 kU/L vs. 2.06 +/- 0.38 kU/L, P < 0.0001) and higher blood eosinophil counts (geometric mean of Log10 2.67 +/- 0.07 x 10(-3) mL vs. 2.57 +/- 0.09 x 10(-3) mL, P < 0.0001), and reported increased nasal obstruction (2.0 (95% CI 1.8 to 2.2) vs. 0.6 (95% CI 0.5 to 0.7), P < 0.0001). Logistic regression demonstrates that nasal obstruction (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.72 to 2.80) and the presence of positive SPT (OR 6.15, 95% CI 2.42 to 15.61) were the most available predictors to discriminate between subjects with BHR and subjects without BHR. In addition, BHR was positively related to blood eosinophil counts (OR= 2.80, 95% CI 1.54 to 5.07), FEF25%-75% values (OR= 2.72, 95% CI 1.23 to 5.99) and familiarity (mother) for asthma (OR = 2.45, 95% CI 1.10 to 5.46). Whereas passive smoke and total serum IgE were not positively related to BHR. Increased nasal obstruction and the presence of positive SPT were the most available predictors to discriminate between subjects with and without BHR. Finally, BHR was positively related to blood eosinophil counts, FEF25%-75% values and to familiarity (mother) for asthma.     

布地奈德气雾剂治疗儿童哮喘的效果观察

目的观察布地奈德气雾剂治疗儿童哮喘的临床效果。方法选择本院2009年1月～2012年10月收治的使用布地奈德气雾剂治疗的儿童哮喘患者100例作为观察组,另选取本院往期采用常规化痰、止咳、支气管扩张药物吸人治疗的100例儿童哮喘患者作为对照组,采用峰流速仪监测用力肺活量（FVC）,第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力呼气中期流速[FEF（25％～75％）1等指标变化情况,并观察1年内哮喘发作情况及治疗前后住院状况。结果治疗后观察组FVC、FEV1、FEF（25％～75％）等指标明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;对照组总有效率为79．0％,观察组总有效牢为96．0％,差异有统计学意义（x^2=6．182,P〈0．05）。结论布地奈德气雾剂治疗儿童哮喘不良反应少,安全有效,方法简便,值得临床推广。     

Evaluation of the onset and duration of response to cold air inhalation challenge in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

Cold air inhalation challenge (CAIC) for the evaluation of bronchial reactivity has been proposed as a physical agent alternative to chemical agent challenges (methacholine or histamine), especially suitable for the occupational environment. The present investigation describes and evaluates a method for performing cold air inhalation challenge in Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), a species shown to be useful in animal modeling studies of occupational asthma. Six adult male anesthetized monkeys were ventilated by changes in external pressure while breathing cold air (-25 degrees C to -30 degrees C). Pulmonary function testing was performed at 10, 25, 40 and 55 min post-challenge. Significant increases (P less than 0.05) in average pulmonary flow resistance (RL) and decreases in dynamic compliance (CL dyn) were observed, with maximum impairment occurring at 25 min post-challenge, with a trend towards a return to baseline values at 55 min post-challenge. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced expiratory volume in 0.5 s/forced vital capacity (FEV0.5/FVC) and forced expiratory flow at 50% forced vital capacity (FEF50) showed the same general pattern of reduction as seen with RL; however, these results were not statistically significant, most probably owing to individual monkey variability and the small number of monkeys (N = 6) used. A repeat challenge at 25 min after a primary challenge yielded increased RL in one monkey, suggesting that no absolute refractory period is present from CAIC. Results of these studies demonstrate that CAIC causes bronchoconstriction in monkeys and may be useful in further animal modeling studies designed to determine the asthmogenic/airway irritant potential of occupational toxicants.     

深吸气量和用力呼气量在支气管哮喘急性发作期的相关性研究

目的研究FEV1和FIV1在支气管哮喘急性发作期的相关性。方法观察支气管哮喘80例在吸入支气管扩张剂前后PEF,FEV1,FVC,FIV1和FIVC的变化。结果支气管哮喘患者PEF,FEV1和FIV1等指标,在吸入支气管扩张剂前后均有明显的差异,且FEV1改善率和FIV1改善率在统计学无差异。结论在评价支气管可逆性方面,FIV1与FEV1具有明显的相关性,两者具有同样的效果。     

Ciclesonide

Ciclesonide is an inhaled corticosteroid (delivered via a hydrofluoroalkane metered-dose inhaler) that is converted to an active metabolite, desisobutyryl-ciclesonide, in the lung, thereby minimising effects on endogenous cortisol. In two 12-week, randomised studies in patients with asthma, ciclesonide 80 or 320 microg once daily was at least as effective as budesonide 400 microg/day at increasing forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) from baseline; ciclesonide 320 microg daily was significantly more effective than budesonide 400 microg once daily in one study. In a randomised, double-blind study in patients with asthma controlled with high-dosages of inhaled corticosteroids, FEV(1) and FVC decreased significantly from baseline at 12 weeks in patients receiving ciclesonide 320 microg daily or budesonide 400 microg daily; peak expiratory flow values decreased significantly only in patients receiving budesonide. Inhaled ciclesonide 80 or 320 microg daily improved asthma symptom scores and decreased the use of rescue medication by a similar, significant amount to budesonide 400 microg/day in two 12-week studies. Inhaled ciclesonide was generally well tolerated in patients with asthma. Ciclesonide did not suppress biochemical markers of adrenal function in 52-week studies. The long-term (>52 weeks) systemic effects of ciclesonide remain unknown.     

Bronchial lability in allergic rhinitis.

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between exercise bronchial lability and the changes in pulmonary function over a one year period in allergic rhinitis. Eighty four nonsmoking male medical students of whom twenty two were allergic rhinitics were studied. Pulmonary function status was significantly lower and exercise bronchial lability significantly higher in the allergics. Over a one year period the mean decline in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was three times greater and in the forced expiratory flow rate in the middle half of the vital capacity (FEF 25-75%) 50% greater among the allergics. The change in FEV1 was positively related to the bronchial lability, indicating that greater bronchial lability was associated with less decline in pulmonary function in these subjects.     

布地奈德对哮喘急性发作且伴有感染患儿的临床疗效

目的:分析布地奈德对支气管哮喘急性发作且伴有感染患儿的疗效及对肺功能指标的影响。方法:将本院收治的96例支气管哮喘急性发作且伴有感染的患儿作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组各48例,两组患儿均给予常规抗感染治疗,对照组给予地塞米松雾化吸入,观察组给予布地奈德雾化吸入,比较两组患儿临床疗效和治疗前、治疗后1周第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、FEV1占预计值百分比(FEV1%)、肺活量(VC)、用力肺活量(FVC)等肺功能指标的改善状况及不良反应的发生情况。结果:观察组治疗总有效率为95.83%,高于对照组的72.92%(P<0.05)。两组患儿治疗后1周肺功能指标FEV1、FEV1%、VC、FVC水平较治疗前均升高,且观察组各指标水平均显著高于对照组(P均<0.01)。观察组患儿不良反应发生率(4.17%)低于对照组(18.75%)(P<0.05)。结论:布地奈德联合常规抗感染对治疗支气管哮喘急性发作且伴有感染的患儿具有良好的临床疗效,可有效改善FEV1、FEV1%等肺功能指标,且不良反应发生率较低,具有较高的安全性,因此具有良好的临床应用价值。     

孟鲁司特改善支气管哮喘患者肺功能和气道炎症的临床研究

目的:探讨孟鲁司特对支气管哮喘患者肺功能和气道炎症的临床疗效。方法:选取我院收治的支气管哮喘患者96例,随机分为治疗组与对照组,每组48例,对照组采用吸氧、解痉、抗感染及抗炎等常规治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上加用孟鲁司特(10mg·d-1)治疗。比较2组治疗前、后肺功能指标用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力呼气流量(PEFR),气道炎症指标血白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的变化。结果:治疗10周后,治疗组的FEV1、PEFR、IL-6、TNF-α显著优于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05)。2组FVC差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:孟鲁司特对支气管哮喘患者肺功能和气道炎症的改善有较好的疗效,值得临床推广。     

雾化吸入疗法在支气管哮喘急性发作治疗中的评价

目的:探讨联合氧驱动雾化吸入沙丁胺醇雾化溶液、异丙托溴胺雾化吸入液、布地奈德混悬液对急性发作中、重度支气管哮喘的治疗作用。方法:将48例支气管哮喘患者随机分为对照组(22例)和治疗组(26例)。在其他常规治疗相同的基础上,治疗组加用生理盐水1mL+沙丁胺醇雾化溶液2mL+异丙托溴胺雾化吸入液2mL+布地奈德混悬液4mL经高流量氧气驱动每6h雾化吸入1次;对照组加用沙丁胺醇雾化溶液,每次2喷,每喷每次200μg,每6h1次。比较治疗3d后2组患者临床症状缓解率;比较2组患者治疗3h后和5d后第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、呼气峰值流速(PEF);比较2组患者治疗5d后血糖、动脉血气指标;比较患者全身使用激素时间和住院时间。结果:治疗3d后治疗组有效率(24/26)明显高于对照组(14/22),2组比较差异有显著性意义;治疗组经治疗3h后与对照组比较,FEV1、PEF数值有显著性差异,FVC无显著性差异,治疗组经治疗5d后与对照组比较,FEV1、FVC、PEF数值有显著性差异;治疗5d后治疗组与对照组比较,PaO2、PaCO2、血糖的数值均有显著性差异;2组患者全身使用激素的天数和住院天数比较有显著性差异。结论:中、重度支气管哮喘急性发作时,使用沙丁胺醇雾化溶液、异丙托溴胺雾化吸入液、布地奈德混悬液联合吸入治疗能取得良好疗效。     

苏葶止喘汤联合西医治疗小儿支气管哮喘急性发作期(痰热阻肺证) 38例

目的探讨苏葶止喘汤联合西医治疗小儿支气管哮喘急性发作期(痰热阻肺证)临床疗效。方法收集 2020年 2月至 2022年 3月河北省沧州中西医结合医院就诊的急性发作期的支气管哮喘病儿 78例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组与治疗组各 39例,对照组病儿给予硫酸沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵、布地奈德雾化吸入等西医治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上给予苏葶止喘汤治疗,观察两组治疗前后的临床疗效,症状缓解时间(咳痰消失时间、哮鸣音消失时间、咳嗽消失时间、喘息消失时间)肺功能指标［用力肺活量(FVC)第 1秒用力呼吸容积(FEV1)第 1秒用力呼气量占所有呼气量的比例(FEV1/FVC)最大呼气流量(,PEF)气中断流速( PEF25%)、、呼吸中期瞬间流速( PEF50%、)、呼吸后期瞬间流速( PEF75%)］血清炎症因子指、标［C反应蛋白(CRP)、呼、白细胞介素 -22(IL-22)、白细胞介素 -4(IL-4)］,Toll样受体 2(TLR2)Toll样受体 4(TLR4),表达水平。结果治疗后治疗组总有效率 94.74%显著高于对照组 71.05%(P<0.05);治疗组症状缓解时间快、于对照组( P<0.05);治疗后两组 FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC、PEF、PEF25%、PEF50%、PEF75%值均较治疗前升高且治疗组高于对照组( P<0.05);治疗后两组血清 CRP、IL-22、IL-4、TLR2、 TLR4水平均较治疗前降低,且治疗组 CRP［( 10.23±3.26)mg/L比( 15.25±5.37)mg/L］、 IL-22［( 37.13±9.84)ng/L比( 45.46±11.08) ng/L］、IL-4［(48.15±12.28)ng/L比( 56.07±14.36)ng/L］、 TLR2［(16.78±1.91)ng/L比( 21.15±2.08)ng/L］、 TLR4［(18.05±2.53)ng/L比     

雾化吸入布地奈德与沙丁胺醇在支气管哮喘急性发作治疗中的效果分析

目的 研究分析治疗支气管哮喘急性发作过程中采用雾化吸入布地奈德与沙丁胺醇的临床效果.方法 46例支气管哮喘急性发作患者,采用掷骰子法分为研究组和对照组,每组23例.对照组患者采用沙丁胺醇进行雾化吸入治疗,研究组患者联合使用沙丁胺醇与布地奈德进行治疗.比较两组患者治疗效果、肺功能以及临床症状持续时间.结果 研究组治疗总有...     

盐酸西替利嗪滴剂联合丙酸氟替卡松吸入气雾剂治疗儿童过敏性鼻 炎合并支气管哮喘疗效观察

目的:观察盐酸西替利嗪滴剂联合丙酸氟替卡松吸入气雾剂治疗过敏性鼻炎(AR)合并支气管哮喘(BA)患儿的疗效及 安全性。方法:选取2020 年1 月-2022 年6 月我院收治的AR 合并BA 患儿84 例,按随机数表法分为联合组与对照组各42 例。 对照组给予丙酸氟替卡松吸入气雾剂吸入治疗,联合组则采用盐酸西替利嗪滴剂联合丙酸氟替卡松吸入气雾剂治疗,比较两组 患儿治疗前后AR 和BA 严重程度评分、肺功能指标[第1 秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、呼气流速(PEF)、用力肺活量(FVC)]、血清酶 学[可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1(sICAM-1)、可溶性血管细胞间粘附分子-1(sVCAM-1)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、IL-10]、血清淀粉样 蛋白(SAA)水平及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,联合组AR 与BA 严重程度评分低于对照组,FEV1、PEF 及FVC 水平高于 对照组(P 均<0. 05);两组sICAM-1、sVCAM-1、IL-4、IL-10 及SAA 水平均下降,且联合组均低于对照组( P 均<0. 05);两组患儿 不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05)。结论:采用盐酸西替利嗪滴剂联合丙酸氟替卡松吸入气雾剂治疗AR 合并 BA 患儿,能显著减轻临床症状,有效改善肺功能,调节血清酶学指标与SAA 水平,且不会增加不良反应的发生。     

Longitudinal study of lung function development in a cohort of Indian medical students: interaction of respiratory allergy and smoking

This study was done to identify some factors that affect the growth and development of lung function during adolescence and early adulthood. Forced expiratory spirograms and peak expiratory flow rates were obtained in a cohort of normal young men (n = 63) over a period of 4 years, at intervals of approximately 2 years. Two factors that disturbed the normal pattern of lung function development in this group were smoking and respiratory allergy. Among the smokers and the allergics the decline in the forced expiratory volume expressed as a percentage of the forced vital capacity (FEV1%), the forced expiratory flow in the middle half of the forced vital capacity (FEF25-75%) and the FEF25-75% expressed as a ratio of the forced vital capacity (FEF/FVC) was more than double that among the normal subjects. The number of smokers and of allergics increased during the course of the study from 15 to 19 and from 16 to 23 respectively. There was a significant (P less than .01) interaction between smoking and the manifestation of respiratory allergy. Among nonsmokers, the number of allergic subjects increased from 12 to 13, while among smokers it increased from 4 to 10, during the four years.