Lipid peroxidation in the brain of rats differing in resistance to emotional stress

It is found for each of the rat brain regions studied (cerebral cortex, subjacent white substance, and brainstem) that both the initial levels of 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive products and the rates of their increment are highest in rats resistant to emotional stress and lowest in stress-prone rats, and that the rates at which lipid peroxidation products accumulate are highest in the brainstem and lowest in the white substance. A correlation is presumed to exist between individual resistance to cerebral ischemia and the rate of lipid peroxidation in particular brain regions of healthy rats. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, № 10, pp. 384–387, October, 1994     

Effects of ubiquinone-10 on energy metabolism and lipid peroxidation in rats with myocardial ischemia

Preventive and therapeutic intraventricular administration of ubiquinone-10 to male rats with epinephrine-induced myocarditis increased the rate of oxidative phosphorylation, elevated the content of ATP, and inhibited lipid peroxidation in ischemic myocardium. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 7, pp. 35–38, July, 2000     

Effects of ubiquinone-10 on energy metabolism and lipid peroxidation in rats with myocardial ischemia

Preventive and therapeutic intraventricular administration of ubiquinone-10 to male rats with epinephrine-induced myocarditis increased the rate of oxidative phosphorylation, elevated the content of ATP, and inhibited lipid peroxidation in ischemic myocardium. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 7, pp. 35–38, July, 2000     

Lipid peroxidation in the depolarization of synaptosomes

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 3, pp. 244–245, March, 1993     

Lipid peroxidation during experimental cholera intoxication

Cholera intoxication in albino mice was induced by intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin in doses of LD₁₆, LD₂₄, and LD₅₀ and combination of endo- and enterotoxin in doses equivalent to LD₂₅. Dose-dependent activation of superoxide dismutase, phasic changes in the contents of MDA and conjugated trienes and dienes, and modulatory influence of enterotoxin on catalase activity in the blood were observed during intoxication. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 4, pp. 399–401, April, 2000     

Antiedematous activity of cerebrocrastin cerebral ischemia

The effect of a course of cerebrocrast, a 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative, on brain edema (as shown by impedometry) and cerebral tissue microvascularization in ischemia caused by ligation of the left common carotid artery and 50% restriction of the bloodflow in the right common carotid artery is studied in Wistar rats. Cerebrocrast is found to appreciably limit the development of brain tissue edema and to improve the status of microvessels by reducing the number of sharply constricted nonfunctioning capillaries and increasing the number of capillaries of 4 μ and more in diameter. Pronounced antioxidative effects of cerebrocrast in transitory cerebral ischemia are demonstrated. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, No. 3, pp. 291–293, March, 1995 Presented by E. D. Gol'dberg, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.     

Lipid peroxidation in plasma of patients with osteogenic sarcoma

The intensity of free-radical oxidation reactions assessed by the thiobarbituric acid test and by recording the “fast flash” of Fe²⁺-induced chemiluminescence is higher in patients with osteogenic sarcoma than in normal subjects. This effect is not sex-dependent and does not depend on previous therapy with drugs triggering free-radical reactions. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 8, pp. 199–201, August, 1997     

Effects of leu-enkephalin analog on cerebral circulation in cerebral ischemia of different severity

Leu-enkephalin analog reduces cerebral circulation in mild and has no effect in moderate ischemia, while in severe cerebral ischemia it causes periodic compensatory enhancement of cerebral circulation in experimental animals, instead of its monotonous reduction, thus ensuring 100% survival during a 6-h period, whereas in the control group 60% animals die within 3 h. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 11, pp. 516–519, November, 1998     

Lipid peroxidation parameters in the internal organs of rats with different degrees of resistance to hypoxia

Lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system of the heart, liver, and brain are studied in adult male Wistar rats with high and low resistance to hypoxia tested by “raising” to an altitude of 11.5 km and in intact outbred rats. These parameters are found to be the same in the brain of low- and high-resistance rats, while the brain content of lipid peroxidation products is higher in both groups of Wistar rats compared with outbred rats. The heart and liver parameters are coupled to the resistance to hypoxia. Antioxidant activity prevails over lipid peroxidation in the hearts and livers of high-resistance rats, confirming that oxidation plays a major role in the damaging and lethal effects of acute hypoxia. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 1, pp 26–29, January, 1996 Presented by A. I. Archakov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of the tranquilizer mebicar on lipid metabolism and lipid peroxidation on the model of hypokinesia in rats

Daily 18-hour hypokinesia induces atherogenic shifts in the blood lipid spectrum and activates lipid peroxidation in rats. Mebicar is shown to have a correcting effect on lipid metabolism and on the intensity of lipid peroxidation. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, No. 5, pp. 535–537, May, 1996     

Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in children living in the Northern Transbaikal region

Exposure to extreme environmental factors of the North creates prerequisites for hyperactivation of free-radical oxidation reactions which may limit the adaptive potential of cells and organism. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 11, pp. 581–583, November, 1998     

Dynamics of the recovery period in rats exposed to global cerebral ischemia

Global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion was modeled by thermocoagulation of the vertebrobasilar arteries followed by occlusion of both carotid arteries. Behavioral parameters, neurological status, and mnesic functions in rats were studied during the recovery period. It is concluded that this model of ischemia is reproducible and can be used for studying ischemiareperfusion damages to the brain. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 10, pp. 475–477, October, 2000     

Phospholipid spectrum and lipid peroxidation in cell membranes of brain tissue in thymectomized rats

Lipid peroxidation (LPO) processes and the phospholipid (PL) content and composition in the homogenate and in the mitochondrial and supramitochondrial compartments of brain cells of adult male rats were studied 3 and 6 months after thymectomy. Thymectomy was found to markedly increase the rate of LPO and to reduce antiradical activity in all cellular compartments. A reliable increase of the level of total phospholipids in the homogenate and mitochondria was observed by the third month after thymectomy and a reduction of its control levels during the sixth month postoperation. On the other hand, a reduction of the content of total phospholipids was observed in the supramitochondrial fraction by the sixth month of the experiment. An increase of the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) contents was found to be mainly responsible for the changes in the level of total phospholipids. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7, pp. 22–24, July, 1994 Presented by E. D. Gol'dberg, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Lipid peroxidation in a focus of hyperactivity in the rat cerebral cortex

It is shown that lipid peroxidation (LPO) can participate in the mechanism of development of paroxysmal activity in the rat cerebral cortex. The appearance of epileptic activity as a result of application of the sodium salt of penicillin to the surface of the sensomotor cortex led to a sharp rise in LPO products in the fraction of unpurified synaptosomes isolated from a focus of hyperactivity. Preliminary injection of the antioxidant -tocopherol into rats abolished the LPO activation effect and considerably reduced the number of paroxysms recorded on the electrocorticogram during existence of the focus.Laboratory of General Pathology of the Nervous System, Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 89, No. 1, pp. 14–16, January, 1980.     

Effect of trimetazidine on cerebral metabolism during acute ischemia complicated by hypoxia

In experiments on rats, trimetazidine (25 mg/kg) prevented disturbances in energy metabolism and LPO activation in the brain under conditions of acute ischemia aggravated by hypoxia. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 2 pp. 142–144, February, 2000     

Inhibition of lipid peroxidation in synaptosomes from rat brain by peptide and protein fraction isolated from fetal human brain

Peptide and protein fractions isolated from fetal human brain inhibit with different efficiency nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation in synaptosomes from rat brain. These fractions reciprocally capture the superoxide anion radicals generated in the reaction of 6-hydroxydopamine autooxidation. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 8, pp. 233–235, August, 1996     

Ca-dependent ATPase activity and lipid peroxidation in the microsome fraction of renal medulla after thermal ischemia with and without α-tocopherol protection

Thermal ischemia of rat kidneys for 30 min induces lipid peroxidation with simultaneous activation of Ca-dependent ATPase in microsomes. In the presence of the channel-forming antibiotic alamethicin this activity decreases, indicating an increased passive permeability of the membrane vesicles for Ca²⁺ and ATP with a decrease in the true activity of the enzyme after ischemia. α-Tocopherol reduces the intensity of lipid peroxidation in the microsome fraction isolated from kidneys after thermal ischemia and protects ATPase activity in the presence and absence of alamethicin in the incubation medium. It is suggested that peroxidation of membrane phospholipids activated by thermal ischemia is one of the causes of decreased true activity of Ca-dependent ATPase and increased passive permeability of the kidney membranes for Ca²⁺ and ATP. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 9, pp. 289–291, September, 1997     

Parameters of lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes of children being treated for acquired severe aplastic anemia

It is shown that a peroxidase-catalase mechanism of antioxidant defense predominates in the erythrocytes of children with acquired aplastic anemia, and that the high level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) processes in such children dictates the need for continued antioxidant therapy during all phases of the disease. The antioxidant effect of glucocorticoids appears to be quite sufficient for eliminating the more severe effects of LPO. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noii Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 1, pp. 36–38, January, 1994 Presented by M. Ya. Studenikin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Corticosterone and lipid peroxidation in rats after two exposures to cold

The relationships between serum corticosterone content, intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the concentration of tocopherol in tissues, and the transmembrane potential in thymocytes were studied in rats exposed to two consecutive coolings. Both exposures increased serum corticosterone. The first exposure activated LPO in the serum, while the second stimulated LPO in thymocytes. The second cooling lowered body temperature to a lesser extent than the first one. Body temperature did not depend on the content of LPO products or corticosterone, but negatively correlated with the content of tocopherol in the brain hemispheres and adrenal glands. The rats exhibiting high-level thermoregulation after the first exposure to cold showed a higher thymocyte transmembrane potential after the second cooling. The second exposure potentiated the negative relationship between the brain and serum content of corticosterone and LPO products, which indicates that the content of LPO products cannot be used as an index of stress intensity. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 3, pp. 261–264, March, 1999     

Lipid peroxidation after acute intoxication of cats with anthio and the effect of ionol on their survival

Acute intoxication with the organophosphorus pesticide Anthio considerably increases the intensity of lipid peroxidation in Nembutal-anesthetized cats. Pretreatment with the synthetic antioxidant ionol prolongs the survival of the cats. Ionol has no appreciable effect on respiratory and hemodynamic parameters. Lipid peroxidation may contribute to the disturbances caused by Anthio. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 12, pp. 625–628, December, 1996