丙泊酚与异氟醚对冠状动脉旁路移植术患者心肌保护作用的比较:meta分析

目的 采用meta分析法比较丙泊酚与异氟醚对冠状动脉旁路移植术患者心肌的保护作用.方法 通过电子数据库检索比较丙泊酚与异氟醚对冠状动脉旁路移植术患者心肌保护作用的随机对照试验.由2位评价员独立检索、提取资料:患者一般情况,术前用药情况,麻醉诱导和维持时使用的麻醉药,术前和术后6、12、24、48 h时心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnI)浓度,术中正性肌力药物使用情况,术后24 h内心肌梗死发生情况.采用Cochrane协作网提供的Review Manager 5.0.2软件进行meta分析.结果 共16项研究符合纳入标准,共794例患者,其中丙泊酚组405例,异氟醚组389例.2组患者术后血浆cTnI浓度、术后24 h内心肌梗死发生率和术中正性肌力药使用率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 丙泊酚与异氟醚对冠状动脉旁路移植术患者的心肌保护作用无差异.     

术中静脉注射胺碘酮对体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术患者转归的影响

目的 评价术中静脉注射胺碘酮对体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术患者转归的影响.方法 择期行体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术的患者34例,ASA Ⅱ或Ⅲ级,年龄43～64岁,体重51～95kg,随机分为2组(n=17):对照组(C组)和胺碘酮组(A组).体外循环开始后,A组静脉注射胺碘酮5 mg/kg,C组注射等容量生理盐水.记录术毕至出院期间房颤的发生情况、术毕至首次发生房颤的时间、ICU停留时间和术毕至出院的时间.结果 两组ICU停留时间、术毕至出院时间、术毕至首次发生房颤的时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),A组房颤发生率低于C组(P<0.05).结论 术中静脉应用胺碘酮可在一定程度上预防体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植中患者术后房颤的发生,改善转归.     

七氟醚预处理对体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术病人围术期心肌的保护作用

目的探讨七氟醚预处理对体外循环(CPB)下冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)病人心肌的保护作用。方法择期CPB下CABG病人40例,ASAⅡ级或Ⅲ级,随机分为2组(n=20):七氟醚组(S组)或异丙酚组(P组)。麻醉维持:P组靶控输注异丙酚,血浆靶浓度2～3μg/L,静脉输注芬太尼2～3μg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1);S组夹闭主动脉前,吸入0.5%～2%七氟醚,静脉输注芬太尼2～3μg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1),夹闭主动脉后靶控输注异丙酚,血浆靶浓度2～3μg/L,静脉输注芬太尼2～3μg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1)。于切皮前即刻、CPB前即刻、CPB后即刻、回ICU后即刻、6、12h记录心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、肺动脉楔压(PCWP)、中心静脉压(CVP)、心脏指数(CI)、体循环血管阻力指数(SVRI)。于麻醉诱导前、回ICU后即刻、6、12、24h采集静脉血,测定血清心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)浓度。记录术后不良事件的发生情况。结果2组各时点MAP、PCWP、CVP、HR和SVRI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与切皮前即刻和P组比较,S组回ICU后各时点CI升高(P<0.05)。与P组比较,S组回ICU后各时点cTnI浓度降低(P<0.05)。2组病人术后均无死亡;2组心肌梗塞、房颤和心肌缺血的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);S组cTnI浓度>2ng/ml的发生率低于P组(P<0.05)。结论七氟醚预处理对体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术病人围术期心肌具有一定的保护作用。     

七氟醚对心肺转流冠状动脉旁路移植术的心肺保护作用

目的 比较七氟醚与丙泊酚对心肺转流(CPB)冠状动脉旁路移植术(CAEG)患者心肌与肺功能的保护作用.方法 择期CPB下行CABG患者52例,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级,心功能Ⅱ或Ⅲ级,随机均分为七氟醚组(S组)与丙泊酚组(P组).夹闭主动脉后,S组通过膜肺吹入0.5%～3%七氟醚,P组靶控输注丙泊酚2～3μg/kg.予术前、术后2、4、8 h行血气分析,计算肺泡-动脉氧分压差[D(A-a)O<,2>]、呼吸指数(RI)及氧合指数(OI);予术前、术后6、12、24、48 h检测肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)与肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)水平;记录房颤(Af)发生率、心肌缺血率、射血分数(EF)、自动复跳率及呼吸支持时间.结果 术后各时点S组患者D(A-a)O<,2>与RI明显低于P组(P<0.05);而OI明显高于P组(P<0.05).S组术后CK-MB与cTnl明显低于P组(P<0.01).Af发生率与心肌缺血率明显低于P组,呼吸支持时间明显短于P组(P<0.05),EF值和自动复跳率明显高于P组(P<0.05).结论 CPB下CABG中通过膜肺给予七氟醚对患者心肌与肺功能有一定的保护作用.     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术的心肌保护

目的　比较非体外循环心脏跳动下冠状动脉旁路移植术 (OPCAB)与常规体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术 (CABG)的心肌保护效果。方法　将 70例冠状动脉粥样硬化病人分成 2组 ,行非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术组 (非体外循环组 35例 ) ,间断冷氧合血心脏停搏液冠状动脉旁路移植术组 (冷血停跳组 35例 )。 2组病人术前心功能、年龄、性别、体质量差异无统计学意义 ;各组于围术期不同时点分别抽血测定肌酸激酶同工酶 (CK MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)。关胸前每组各随机取 2例病人心尖区心肌 ,行心肌超微结构观察。结果　非体外循环组术中、术后各时间点CK MB、cTnT与冷血停跳组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;非体外循环组心肌超微结构表明心肌保护效果明显优于后者。结论　非体外循环组心肌保护效果优于冷血停跳组。与CK MB相比 ,cTnT是评价心肌损害的更特异、更敏感的指标。     

七氟醚后处理对体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术病人心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的 探讨七氟醚后处理对体外循环(CPB)下冠状动脉旁路移植术病人心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响.方法 择期行冠状动脉旁路移植术病人40例,性别不限,年龄55～64岁,BMI＜30 kg/m2,NYHA心功能分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级,随机分为2组(n=20):对照组(C组)和七氟醚后处理组(S组).S组于主动脉开放即刻通过体外循环机吸入2%七氟醚,持续15 min,C组不给予任何处理.分别于麻醉诱导后、CPB转流前、停机后10 min、术毕、术后6和24 h时,记录MAP、HR、CVP、平均肺动脉压、肺动脉楔压、CO和S(v)O2,计算CI、SVI、体循环血管阻力指数和肺循环血管阻力指数.分别于主动脉阻断前、复灌6 h和术后24 h时,中心静脉取血样,测定血浆肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的活性以及肌钙蛋白I(TnI)浓度.分别于主动脉阻断前和CPB停机时,取右心耳心肌组织,观察心肌细胞超微结构,并对心肌细胞损伤程度进行评分.结果 两组间各时点血液动力学和心功能指标比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与C组比较,S组复灌6 h时血浆CK-MB和LDH活性降低,术后24 h时血浆CK活性和TnI浓度降低,CPB停机后心肌细胞损伤程度评分降低(P＜0.05).结论 七氟醚后处理可减轻CPB下冠状动脉旁路移植术病人心肌缺血再灌注损伤.     

体外循环旁路洗入七氟醚对冠状动脉旁路移植术患者心肌损伤的影响

目的 评价体外循环(CPB)旁路洗入七氟醚对冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)患者心肌损伤的影响.方法 择期CPB下行CABG的患者40例,年龄50 ～ 64岁,体重53～90 kg,ASA分级Ⅱ或Ⅲ级,采用随机数字表法,将患者随机分为2组(n=20):对照组(C组)和七氟醚组(S组).S组于CPB开始即刻通过体外循环机洗入1.0％ ～2.0％七氟醚,持续到CPB结束,C组不给予七氟醚.于麻醉诱导后5 min(T0)、术后6 h(T1)、12 h(T2)及24 h(T3)时采集血样,测定血浆心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)浓度和磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)活性.于主动脉阻断前和CPB结束时取右心耳组织,电镜下观察心肌超微结构,并行心肌细胞线粒体损伤评分.结果 与C组比较,S组T2和T3时血浆cTnI浓度,CPB结束时心肌细胞线粒体损伤评分降低(P＜0.05),血浆CK-MB活性差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).S组心肌病理学损伤较C组减轻.结论 CPB旁路洗入七氟醚可减轻CABG术患者的心肌损伤.     

七氟醚及丙泊酚对心肌缺血-再灌注损伤的影响

目的 观察七氟醚及丙泊酚对非体外循环下行冠状动脉搭桥术患者心肌功能的影响.方法 60例择期行非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥术的患者随机均分为七氟醚组(S组)和丙泊酚组(P组).S组从手术开始至缝皮结束时吸入2.3最低肺泡有效浓度七氟醚,P组则靶控泵入3 μg/ml的丙泊酚.检测术前、手术结束时、术后2、4 h血浆心肌肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)水平,并记录入室前、切皮时、劈胸骨时、手术结束时HR、MAP、CVP及恶性心律失常的发生率.结果 再灌注后两组血浆CK-MB和cTnI水平均升高,且术后2、4 h P组高于S组(P＜0.05).两组间HR、MAP、CVP的差异无统计学意义.结论 七氟醚或丙泊酚缺血预处理对非体外循环下行冠状动脉搭桥术患者心肌均有保护作用,其中七氟醚效果更好.     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术患者FloTrac-Vigileo系统与肺动脉导管技术监测心指数的一致性

目的 评价非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术患者FloTrac- Vigileo( FV)系统与肺动脉导管(PAC)技术监测心指数(CI)的一致性.方法 拟行非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术患者43例,年龄53～75岁,身高150～ 183 cm,体重46～100 kg,ASA分级Ⅱ或Ⅲ级.静脉注射咪达唑仑、舒芬太尼、异丙酚和罗库溴铵行麻醉诱导,麻醉维持:静脉输注异丙酚和瑞芬太尼,间断静脉注射阿曲库铵.于锯胸骨后至搭桥开始前和搭桥完成后至闭合胸骨前,吸入1 MAC七氟醚,其余时间不吸入七氟醚.采用FV系统和PAC技术监测CI.于锯胸骨后未吸入七氟醚时、吸入七氟醚5、15 min时,冠状动脉搭桥完成后未吸入七氟醚时、吸人七氟醚5、15 min时记录两种方法监测的CI数据对,进行一致性分析.结果 FV系统和PAC技术测定CI共计258次配对数据,配对数据平均值的均数(2.8±0.6)L·min- ·m-2.配对数据差值的均数(平均偏差)为0.23 L· min-1·m-2,一致性限度(- 0.57,1.02)L·min-1·m-2,百分误差为28.6％,Kappa系数为0.546.结论 FV系统与PAC技术监测CI的一致性尚可,可替代PAC技术用于非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术患者CI的监测.     

体外循环与非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的疗效观察

目的比较体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)与非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)治疗冠心病的临床效果。方法选取2010-07—2013-12间收治的需行冠状动脉旁路移植术的60例冠心病患者为研究对象,采用随机双盲法将2组患者分为CABG组(实施体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术)与OPCAB组(实施非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术),每组30例,比较2组患者手术效果。结果 OPCAB组在手术时间、术后ICU治疗时间、机械通气时间、旁路移植支数及治疗费用上均明显优于CABG组(P<0.05),2组比较,差异有统计学意义。2组患者均未发生严重不良反应。结论与CABG相比,OPCAB手术操作时间短,患者术后恢复快,值得临床应用。     

Minimal versus conventional cardiopulmonary bypass: assessment of intraoperative myocardial damage in coronary bypass surgery.

OBJECTIVE: Minimal extracorporeal circulation (mini-ECC) is a new technology, consisting of a centrifugal pump, an oxygenator, and a modified suction system. The main advantage of mini-ECC is the reduction of tubing length (reduction of the priming volume). Additional beneficial effects are a decrease of coagulation cascade and a reduction of blood transfusion in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. We compared the intraoperative and early postoperative myocardial damage and outcome of patients who underwent CABG surgery with conventional cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or mini-ECC. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-six consecutive patients who underwent isolated CABG surgery at our institution were prospectively studied. Fifty-four patients (39.7%) were operated with mini-ECC. Patient characteristics were similar in both groups. The most interesting intraoperative details as well as in-hospital outcome were assessed. RESULTS: There was no difference in mortality between the two groups. Cross-clamping time was similar in both groups (p = 0.07). Defibrillation was required in one patient in the mini-ECC group (1.9%) and in 38 patients (46.3%) in the CPB group (p < 0.001). In the mini-ECC group, the requirement of inotropic support and incidence of atrial fibrillation was significantly lower than in the CPB group. Postoperative creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) and cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) were significantly lower in the mini-ECC group (p < 0.05). Duration of ventilation, length of stay in the intensive care unit and total hospitalization time were significantly shorter in patients operated with mini-ECC (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Mini-ECC is a safe procedure and is followed by a diminished release of CK-MB and cTnI than after CPB. Postoperative recovery is accelerated following mini-ECC and there is a significantly lower incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation.     

Choice of primary anesthetic regimen can influence intensive care unit length of stay after coronary surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

BACKGROUND: Volatile anesthetics protect the myocardium during coronary surgery. This study hypothesized that the use of a volatile agent in the anesthetic regimen would be associated with a shorter intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS), compared with a total intravenous anesthetic regimen. METHODS: Elective coronary surgery patients were randomly assigned to receive propofol (n = 80), midazolam (n = 80), sevoflurane (n = 80), or desflurane (n = 80) as part of a remifentanil-based anesthetic regimen. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent variables associated with a prolonged ICU LOS. RESULTS: Patient characteristics were similar in all groups. ICU and hospital LOS were lower in the sevoflurane and desflurane groups (P < 0.01). The number of patients who needed a prolonged ICU stay (> 48 h) was also significantly lower (propofol: n = 31; midazolam: n = 34; sevoflurane: n = 10; desflurane: n = 15; P < 0.01). Occurrence of atrial fibrillation, a postoperative troponin I concentration greater than 4 ng/ml, and the need for prolonged inotropic support (> 12 h) were identified as the significant risk factors for prolonged ICU LOS. Postoperative troponin I concentrations and need for prolonged inotropic support were lower in the sevoflurane and desflurane group (P < 0.01). Postoperative cardiac function was also better preserved with the volatile anesthetics. The incidence of other postoperative complications was similar in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: The use of sevoflurane and desflurane resulted in a shorter ICU and hospital LOS. This seemed to be related to a better preservation of early postoperative myocardial function.     

Choice of Primary Anesthetic Regimen Can Influence Intensive Care Unit Length of Stay after Coronary Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Background: Volatile anesthetics protect the myocardium during coronary surgery. This study hypothesized that the use of a volatile agent in the anesthetic regimen would be associated with a shorter intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS), compared with a total intravenous anesthetic regimen.

Methods: Elective coronary surgery patients were randomly assigned to receive propofol (n = 80), midazolam (n = 80), sevoflurane (n = 80), or desflurane (n = 80) as part of a remifentanil-based anesthetic regimen. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent variables associated with a prolonged ICU LOS.

Results: Patient characteristics were similar in all groups. ICU and hospital LOS were lower in the sevoflurane and desflurane groups (P < 0.01). The number of patients who needed a prolonged ICU stay (> 48 h) was also significantly lower (propofol: n = 31; midazolam: n = 34; sevoflurane: n = 10; desflurane: n = 15; P < 0.01). Occurrence of atrial fibrillation, a postoperative troponin I concentration greater than 4 ng/ml, and the need for prolonged inotropic support (> 12 h) were identified as the significant risk factors for prolonged ICU LOS. Postoperative troponin I concentrations and need for prolonged inotropic support were lower in the sevoflurane and desflurane group (P < 0.01). Postoperative cardiac function was also better preserved with the volatile anesthetics. The incidence of other postoperative complications was similar in all groups.     

The influence of propofol versus sevoflurane anesthesia on outcome in 10,535 cardiac surgical procedures

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible cardioprotective effect of sevoflurane versus propofol anesthesia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS: Ten thousand five hundred thirty-five consecutive single cardiac surgical procedures from 3 cardiac centers were reported to a common registry from 1999 to 2005. The registry was established by the National Board of Health, and reporting was obligatory for all public heart centers in Denmark. The patients were stratified according to preoperative risk factors (EuroSCORE parameters). The outcome parameters were 30-day mortality, the incidence of postoperative myocardial infarction, and the incidence of postoperative arrhythmias. RESULTS: Overall, the 30-day mortality was lower after sevoflurane (2.84%) versus propofol (3.30%), although not significantly so (p = 0.18). No difference was found in the incidence of postoperative myocardial infarction (sevoflurane, 7.76%/propofol, 7.47%). Patients with preoperative unstable angina and/or recent myocardial infarction, and thus already "preconditioned," did not show any difference in mortality between anesthetic groups, whereas patients without these predictors showed a lower postoperative mortality after sevoflurane (2.28% v 3.14%, p = 0.015), which can at least partly be explained by a preconditioning-like effect. The data suggest that patients suffering relatively severe preoperative ischemic stress benefited from propofol anesthesia, which can be related to the antioxidant effects of propofol. Patients in the sevoflurane group had a higher incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (28.75% v 24.87%, p < 0.001), whereas patients in the propofol group showed a higher incidence of all other arrhythmias. CONCLUSION: Sevoflurane and propofol both possess some, although different, cardioprotective properties. Sevoflurane appears to be superior to propofol in patients with little or no ischemic heart disease, such as noncoronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and CABG surgery without severe preoperative ischemia, whereas propofol seems superior in patients with severe ischemia, cardiovascular instability, or in acute/urgent surgery.     

Incidence of atrial fibrillation early after cardiac surgery: can choice of the anesthetic regimen influence the incidence?

Occurrence of atrial fibrillation is a common complication after coronary surgery. This study aimed to identify the perioperative factors that are associated with its occurrence with specific attention to the possible influence of the choice of the anesthetic regimen after elective coronary surgery. A retrospective chart analysis was performed in 460 patients who underwent elective coronary artery surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass using the standard institutional anesthetic, surgical and postoperative protocols. The only difference in management was the choice of the primary anesthetic regimen. 110 patients had a total intravenous anesthesia with propofol, 90 patients had a total intravenous anesthesia with midazolam, 150 patients were anesthetized with sevoflurane and 110 patients with desflurane. The primary outcome variable was the incidence of atrial fibrillation within the first 24 postoperative hours. Atrial fibrillation occurred in 64 of the 460 patients included (13.9%). Multiple logistic regression analysis identified increased age (> 70 years), EuroSCORE > 4, prolonged CPB time (> 100 min) and need for prolonged inotropic support (> 6 hours) as the significant independent risk factors for the occurrence of postoperative atrial fibrillation. The incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation differed among the different anesthetic groups with the lowest incidence in the sevoflurane group (propofol: 17/110; midazolam: 15/90; sevoflurane: 9/150; desflurane: 23/110) (p = 0.004). This finding should be further confirmed in a prospective sufficiently powered multicenter study.     

非体外循环下冠脉搭桥术的围术期管理

目的：比较非体外循环搭桥术与体外循环搭桥术病人的术中及术后早期恢复情况。方法39例病人接受了非体外循环下冠脉搭桥术,同时期33例病人接受了体外循环冠脉搭桥术。两组均采用中等剂量阿片静脉复合全麻,结果：病人的麻醉时间、手术时间、术后机械通气时间和在监护室的停留时间,非体外循环组明显短于体外循环组（P＜0．01）。围术期平均输血量和血血病人数在1支桥病人中非体外循环组明显少于体外循环组（P＜0．05）。术后房颤发生率和围术期心肌梗死发生率两组间无明显差异,术后脑卒中,低心排及死亡的发生率各组均为0％。结论与外循环搭桥术相比,非体外循环搭桥术缩短了病人的麻醉、手术及在监护室停留时间,加快了病人的恢复、从耐而提高了手术的安全性,并降低了手术费用。     

术前置入主动脉内球囊反搏对高危冠状动脉旁路移植术患者预后的影响

目的比较高危冠心病患者术前预防性置入主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)和被动紧急置入IABP对临床预后的影响. 方法 35例接受冠状动脉旁路移植手术同时需接受IABP置入的患者,根据置入的时机不同分为两组.术前置入组 接受术前预防性置入IABP;对照组术中或术后接受紧急置入IABP.比较两组围术期死亡率、心肌梗死发生率、术后心功能不全和需要正性肌力药物辅助的程度、IABP使用的时间、术后呼吸机辅助时间和重症监护治疗病房(ICU)停留时间. 结果术前置入组围手术期死亡率和心肌梗死发生率分别为11.1%和0%,较对照组低(65.4%,50%;P＝0.007,0.013);两组呼吸机辅助通气时间、IABP使用时间、术后需正性肌力药物辅助时间以及术后平均住ICU时间差别均有显著性意义(P＜0.05). 结论术前预防性置入IABP能降低围术期死亡率、心肌梗死发生率,减少对正性肌力药物的需要量和缩短住ICU时间.     

Atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting: does the type of procedure influence the early postoperative incidence?

OBJECTIVE: Atrial fibrillation (AF), the common postoperative complication, has been observed after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in 7--40% of patients. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), eliminated in off-pump operations (OPCABG) may decrease the incidence of AF, whereas the combination of CABG with heart valve replacement may result in more frequent postoperative atrial fibrillation. The aim of our study was to compare the early postoperative AF incidence rate during ICU stay in three groups of patients: after CABG, OPCABG, and CABG combined with valve replacement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study of 906 consecutive patients was carried out between January 1999 and January 2000. Clinical profile of 906 patients, including factors having potential influence on postoperative AF did not showed any significant differences between the groups. The presence of arrhythmia history was the reason of excluding 85 patients from the statistical analysis. The observation was performed in each case during ICU-stay, using a HP system for continuous automated arrhythmia analysis. Early postoperative incidence of AF was recorded and compared between three groups of patients: 650 after conventional CABG, 118 after OPCABG, and 53 after CABG combined with valve replacement. Chi-square and a Mann--Whitney tests, Statistica 5.0 PL were used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: Atrial fibrillation occurred during the postoperative ICU stay in 9.8% of patients after CABG, in 10.2% after OPCABG, and in 21% after CABG combined with valve replacement. There was no significant difference between CABG and OPCABG groups (P=0.965). The confidence interval of the odds ratio ranges from 0.5 to 1.85. Consequently, an increased risk would be possible for both methods. We observed a statistically significant increase of the early postoperative atrial fibrillation incidence rate in patients after CABG combined with valve replacement, when compared with both CABG + OPCABG groups (P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: (1) Atrial fibrillation is a common postoperative complication after myocardial revascularization procedures which prolongs ICU stay. (2) The study did not show that the incidence of postoperative AF is influenced by the technique of coronary artery bypass grafting: with or without CPB. (3) The prevalence of postoperative AF increase when CABG is combined with valve replacement.     

Does multi-vessel off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting reduce post operative morbidity compared to on-pump CABG?

Background Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may contribute to the complications and it is assumed that eliminating cardiopulmonary bypass has the potential of reducing post operative morbidity after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The study was carried out to compare mortality and morbidity in the off-pump and on-pump CABG groups. Methods We prospectively analysed 200 patients undergoing CABG. Group A consists of 100 patients underwent multi-vessel off-pump CABG and group B consists of 100 patients underwent CABG with CPB. The incidence of complications (mortality, re-exploration for bleeding, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, neurological events, new onset renal failure (s. creatinine>1.6 mg/dL) pulmonary complications, length of ICU stay and hospital stay were recorded, analysed and compared. Results OPCAB patients received 2.73±0.61 grafts/patient and on-pump CABG patients received 3.39±0.75 grafts/patient (p value<0.00001). There was no significant statistical difference in mortality, incidence of stroke between OPCAB and CABG with CPB patients. Length of ICU stay was 32.84±4.22 vs 44.85±7.18 hrs (p value<0.00001) and hospital stay was 6.52±0.69 vs 7.94±0.92 days (p value<0.00001) between group A and group B respectively. Incidence of atrial fibrillation was less in OPCAB group 7% vs 12% although it was statistically not significant (p value 0.33). It was observed in our study that there was no significant deference in worsening of existing renal failure between on-pump CABG and OPCAB 6% vs 2% (P value 0.28). Blood utilization was significantly less in OPCAB group (p value<0.001). Conclusion There was no statistically significant difference in terms of mortality, incidence of stroke and new onset renal failure in both groups. But there was lesser incidence of post operative atrial fibrillation, worsening of existing renal failure in off-pump group though statistically not significant. There was significant reduction in blood utilization, length of ICU and hospital stay in OPCAB group.