Temporal patterns in lung cancer death rates in Ireland

Background  Distinct temporal patterns can be identified through estimating annual-percent-changes (APC) in age-specific disease rates, but APCs in lung cancer rates among the youngest adults can also reflect the recent changing smoking habits of a population. Method  Lung cancer mortality rates from 1970 to 1999 were investigated in Ireland, using the Joinpoint regression modelling technique. Results  In the most recent decade (1989–1999) male lung cancer death rates showed a significant annual decline (−2.4%), but female annual rates have scarcely decelerated (0.1%). The combined gender youngest adults (30–39 year-olds) showed decreasing rates, but the annual decline in the youngest female rates were significant only from 1970 to 1990 and thereafter increased non-significantly. Conclusion  Unlike male lung cancer death rates, the overall female rates are increasing significantly. While the combined gender youngest adult rates are decreasing, the apparent reversal in trends among the youngest female rates from 1990 onwards is worrying.     

美国妇女肺癌病死率上升600％

最近 ,由美国卫生总监公布的一份研究报告显示 ,195 0～ 2 0 0 0年间美国白人妇女的肺癌病死率上升了 6 0 0 % ,即由 195 0年每 10 0 0 0 0人中 5人死亡 ,上升至 2 0 0 0年的每 10 0 0 0 0人中 35人死亡。 195 0年 ,在所有导致女性死亡的癌症疾病中 ,肺癌仅占 3% ,而 2 0 0 0年预计将达到 2 5 %。并且 ,2 0 0 0年因肺癌死亡的女性人数比因乳腺癌死亡的女性多2 70 0 0人。此份长达 70 0页、重 2 .7ｋｇ的报告 ,更新并扩充了卫生总监于 1980年首次公布的《妇女吸烟对健康的影响》的内容。参加该报告撰写的人员包括 :9位来自佐治亚洲亚特兰大市…     

急性胰腺炎的远期复发率和死亡率

目的：该研究旨在比较胆石性和非胆石性胰腺炎初次发作后的远期复发率和死亡率。此外，试图寻找患再次入院和发生死亡的预测指标。材料与方法：以1995—1998年共3年中155例初发性胰腺炎患为研究对象，并进行了一系列特殊检查（24h内超声、实验室检查、Ranson评分、重症急性胰腺炎患CT扫描）。胆石性胰腺炎患，在刚入院和入院4周内接受ERCP或胆囊切除术。随访至2002年1月。结果：随访期间41％的非胆石性胰腺炎患再次入院，而胆石性胰腺炎患仅10％患再次入院。     

急性胰腺炎的远期复发率和死亡率

目的：本研究比较有无胆石患者首次急性胰腺炎发作后远期复发率和死亡率，同时探讨有哪些因素可以预测胰腺炎复发和死亡。方法：1995—1998年有155例首次发生急性胰腺炎的患者被纳入研究。按照治疗方案进行了处理，包括24h内超声检查、实验室检查、Ranson评分，重症胰腺炎患者进行CT扫描。对于有胆石的胰腺炎患者，在入院时或4wk内进行ERCP治疗或胆囊切除术，于2002年1月对上述患者进行随诊。结果：随诊期内41％无胆石的患者曾再次入院，而有胆石的患者有10％的复发率。应用多元分析未发现能预测胰腺炎复发的有意义的因素。结论：2组病人的总体死亡率未15％，唯一可预测死亡的因素是年龄。     

Recent time-trends of age-specific death rates for breast cancer: Quebec and other provinces, 1965 through 1974.

For the 10-year period 1965 through 1974 the age-specific death rates for cancer of the breast decreased among middle-aged women, especially at ages 40 to 49 years, in Quebec, the Maritimes and the Prairies but not in Ontario or British Columbia. In women under 35 years of age the mortality generally increased, while in women aged 60 to 64 years there was little change except in the Prairies, where the rate increased. It seems probable that the trends reflect changes in incidence rather than in case-fatality. Some, but not all, of the pattern could be explained by changes in fertility over the past 50 years.