不同方法治疗颈部瘢痕挛缩的临床疗效分析

目的探讨全厚皮片移植治疗与颈横动脉颈段皮支皮瓣修复对颈部瘢痕挛缩疗效影响。方法收集2005年1月至2014年12月本院烧伤整形外科收治的120例颈前区烧伤后颈部瘢痕挛缩临床资料,根据患者治疗方式分为全厚皮片移植治疗组(皮片移植组,n=60)及颈横动脉颈段皮支皮瓣修复组(皮瓣修复组,n=60)。对比分析两组患者皮瓣成活情况及两组治疗后患者颏颈角及颈部主动活动角的矫正度数。结果皮片移植组皮瓣成活率、组织瓣愈合良好率、颏颈角及唇颏沟形态满意率均低于皮瓣修复组(P0.05)。皮片移植组术后前屈、后伸、左旋、右旋、左侧屈、右侧屈及颏颈角矫正度数均低于皮瓣修复组(P0.05)。结论颈横动脉颈段皮支皮瓣修复颈部瘢痕挛缩可获得恒定血供及最大限度恢复颈部功能,移植后皮瓣成活率高,愈合良好,色泽、质地与颈部相近,且操作方便、易于取材,值得临床推广应用。     

口周瘢痕畸形皮瓣皮片联合移植修复

目的　探讨口周瘢痕所致畸形的皮瓣、皮片联合移植修复方法。方法　运用口周瘢痕挛缩松解、皮片移植加局部皮瓣、远位皮管等联合移植修复畸形。结果　 1 9例烧伤后口周瘢痕畸形患者术后功能及外观均较满意。结论　对于口周瘢痕的整复 ,应视瘢痕厚薄情况和所在部位 ,根据患者病情特点运用皮片加皮瓣法或皮管法等进行联合移植修复 ,可以使口周的功能和外观的修复达到完美     

口周瘢痕畸形皮瓣皮片联合移植修复

目的探讨口周瘢痕所致畸形的皮瓣、皮片联合移植修复方法.方法运用口周瘢痕挛缩松解、皮片移植加局部皮瓣、远位皮管等联合移植修复畸形.结果 19例烧伤后口周瘢痕畸形患者术后功能及外观均较满意.结论对于口周瘢痕的整复,应视瘢痕厚薄情况和所在部位,根据患者病情特点运用皮片加皮瓣法或皮管法等进行联合移植修复,可以使口周的功能和外观的修复达到完美.     

口周瘢痕畸形皮瓣皮片联合移植修复

目的 探讨口周瘢痕反致畸形的皮瓣，皮片联合移植修复方法。方法 运用口周瘢痕挛缩松解、皮片移植加局部皮瓣，远位皮管等联合移植修复畸形。结果 19例烧伤后口周瘢痕畸形患者术后功能及外观均较满意。结论 对于口周瘢痕的整复，应视瘢痕厚薄情况和所在部位，根据患者病情特点运用皮片加皮瓣法或皮管法等进行联合移植修复，可能使口周的功能和外观的修复达到完美。     

颈横动脉颈段皮支皮瓣修复烧伤后颏颈胸粘连的护理

颈横动脉颈段皮支皮瓣修复烧伤后颏颈胸粘连的护理作者单位：７１００３２第四军医大学西京医院整形外科中心贺竹宁对烧伤后颏颈胸粘连修复的方法较多，如瘢痕切除、松解、游离皮片移植；颈胸局部皮瓣转移；游离皮瓣移植等。但常发生植皮片挛缩、色素沉着等继发性功能障碍...     

会阴部瘢痕挛缩畸形45例整复治疗

目的　讨论、总结会阴部瘢痕挛缩畸形整复治疗的经验。方法　我科自 1989年以来对 4 5例会阴部瘢痕挛缩畸形患者进行了整复治疗。术前强调肠道清洁和局部瘢痕清洗 ;术中根据瘢痕挛缩畸形的具体情况 ,联合采用局部皮瓣及中厚皮片移植 31例 ,全厚皮片移植 8例 ,单纯用局部皮瓣移植 6例 ;术后注意保持创面的清洁干燥和进行及时有效的功能锻炼。结果　患者在接受整复治疗后形态、功能均获得良好恢复 ,总优良率达 95 .5 %。结论　根据会阴部瘢痕挛缩畸形的特殊性 ,重视术前准备及术后处理 ,合理设计、选择手术方法 ,才能够获得满意的治疗效果     

会阴部瘢痕挛缩畸形45例整复治疗

目的讨论、总结会阴部瘢痕挛缩畸形整复治疗的经验.方法我科自1989年以来对45例会阴部瘢痕挛缩畸形患者进行了整复治疗.术前强调肠道清洁和局部瘢痕清洗;术中根据瘢痕挛缩畸形的具体情况,联合采用局部皮瓣及中厚皮片移植31例,全厚皮片移植8例,单纯用局部皮瓣移植6例;术后注意保持创面的清洁干燥和进行及时有效的功能锻炼.结果患者在接受整复治疗后形态、功能均获得良好恢复,总优良率达95.5%.结论根据会阴部瘢痕挛缩畸形的特殊性,重视术前准备及术后处理,合理设计、选择手术方法,才能够获得满意的治疗效果.     

会阴部瘢痕挛缩畸形45例整复治疗

目的 讨论、总结会阴部瘢痕挛缩畸形整复治疗的经验。方法 我科自1989年以来对45例会阴部瘢痕挛缩畸形患者进行了整复治疗。术前强调肠道清洁和局部瘢痕清洗；术中根据瘢痕挛缩畸形的具体情况，联合采用局部皮瓣及中厚皮片移植31例，全厚皮片移植8例，单纯用局部皮瓣移植6例；术后注意保持创面的清洁干燥和进行及时有效的功能锻炼。结果 患者在接受整复治疗后形态、功能均获得良好恢复，总优良率达95．5％。结论 根据会阴部瘢痕挛缩畸形的特殊性，重视术前准备及术后处理，合理设计、选择手术方法，才能够获得满意的治疗效果。     

会阴肛周瘢痕挛缩的整复治疗

目的：探讨会阴肛周部瘢痕挛缩的各种整复治疗方法。方法：1995年1月至2005年6月对23例患者分别采用直接缝合、皮片移植和皮瓣移植进行治疗。结果：23例患者中一次手术修复19例，局部形态及功能恢复良好。结论：会阴肛周部位置特殊，欲获得良好的整复治疗效果，需要在合理选择手术方法的同时，重视术前准备、术后护理及功能锻炼。     

眼睑不同部位分裂痣的修复方法

目的探讨眼睑不同部位分裂痣的手术方法及其效果。方法对25例眼睑分裂痣患者,11例采用全厚皮片移植修复,12例采用皮瓣(肌皮瓣)修复,2例采用皮瓣+皮片移植修复;其中3例患者采用皮片移植联合激光治疗。结果所有患者切口均一期愈合,眼睑外形自然,功能正常。18例患者随访1~8年,其中1例皮片移植术后5年行激光治疗2次;1例术后7年皮片移植处通过矫正性化妆,色差不明显;其余患者美容效果满意。结论对于眼睑不同部位分裂痣切除后的缺损修复,采用皮瓣、全厚皮片移植或同时辅助激光治疗,其方法简单、有效,可改善皮片移植后的色差问题。     

Lymphoedema of the eyelids.

Lymphoedema of the eyelids interfering with vision can be a very debilitating condition. The aetiology is frequently unknown. Successful treatment by debulking and skin grafting has been described in a few cases. We present a case of sudden onset of massive bilateral eyelid oedema, which was treated using staged debulking without skin grafting. However, the cosmetic result was poor in comparison with skin grafting, suggesting that skin grafting may be a better way of treating this difficult problem.     

One-step grafting procedure using artificial dermis and split-thickness skin in burn patients

The study aimed to achieve a one-step grafting procedure using artificial dermis and split-thickness skin. We performed simultaneous grafting of artificial dermis and skin in two severely burned patients. Artificial dermis was treated with fresh autogenous platelet-derived wound-healing factors (PDWHF), cryopreserved allogeneic cultured endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. Dermal microvascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts were obtained from a single human donor’s skin. The cultured cells were cryopreserved until use in grafting. The PDWHF was prepared from autogenous blood from each patient prior to the surgery. In two patients, the artificial dermis treated with this method was grafted to a full-thickness burn wound. Immediately after artificial dermis grafting, meshed split-thickness skin was grafted. In each case, the skin graft took well, and the skin texture was acceptable. Histological examination revealed that bovine collagen tissue remained in the dermis after surgery, indicating the success of the simultaneous grafting of the artificial dermis and the skin. The present study indicates that one-step grafting of artificial dermis and split-skin is possible when the artificial dermis is treated with PDWHF and cultured endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Level of Evidence: Level V, therapeutic study.     

整张全厚皮片移植治疗面部瘢痕畸形的远期效果观察

目的 探讨全颜面烧伤瘢痕的治疗方法及远期效果评价。方法 18例全颜面部烧伤后瘢痕畸形患者行整张全厚植皮术，术后随访5～20年，观察植皮后面部皮肤色泽、弹性、感觉及腺体分泌情况，并切取标本行光学显微镜及电子显微镜观察。结果 远期效果好，颜面植皮区皮肤光洁红润，弹性好，有皮脂腺、汗腺分泌，其组织学结构特征与正常面部皮肤相似，而与原供皮区皮肤结构有明显差别。结论 颜面部整张全厚植皮术远期效果良好，皮片移植后远期具备了正常面部皮肤的组织结构特征，是治疗面部瘢痕畸形的理想方法。     

休克期切削痂植皮修复手部深度烧伤

目的 报道手部深度烧伤休克期切削痂植皮的治疗结果。方法 对16例25只手采取休克期切削痂、中厚皮移植。结果 休克期切痂植皮减少了感染，皮片成活良好，愈合时间明显缩短，手的外形及功能恢复满意。结论 手部深度烧伤应尽早切削痂，积极消灭创面，对大面积烧伤，应优先实施手部切痂。     

烧伤后期特大未愈创面伴脓毒症患者的救治

This article analyzed the medical records of a patient with 90％ TBSA unhealed wound accompanied with wound sepsis 50 days post burn (PBD) and to discuss the ideal strategies of treatment for such patients in such condition.This was a 24-year-old male patient suffering from flame burn with 95％ TBSA wound and severe inhalation injury.Meek skin grafting with autologous scalp was performed once to the thoracic and abdominal regions; intermingled skin grafting of autologous scalp microskin and large sheet of allograft was performed twice to the limbs within PBD 31.The patient was transferred to our hospital on PBD 50 with 90％ TBSA wound unhealed,leaving a vast amount of necrotic tissue and allografts.Furthermore,he was complicated by sepsis,pulmonary infection,and gastric ulcer.Debridement and allogenic skin grafting were performed on the first day after hospitalization.When the condition of wounds was improved,transplantation of a large sheet of allogenic skin with inlaid small pieces of autologous skin,intermingled skin grafting of autologous and allogenic skin,and small pieces of autologous skin grafting were performed.Because of the shortage of donor area,the exposed wounds were temporarily covered with allogeneic skin.Epidermal growth factor was used to promote the healing of autologous skin donor site and deep partial-thickness bum wound.Autologous skin grafting was performed whenever source of healthy skin was available.Systemic use of effective antibiotics,nutritional support and therapy,and other comprehensive measures also contributed to the success of treatment of this patient suffering from wound sepsis.The patient was cured and discharged on PBD 145.     

植皮后不同康复疗法治疗效果比较

目的：探讨以康复处理加强面、手术烧伤瘢痕切除后游离植皮的手术效果。方法：皮片成活后对植皮部位采用用中草药离喷雾、瘢痕霜涂布按摩、中草药面膜等处理，10次为一疗程。结果：34例患者经3个疗程康复处理后，植皮区色泽及弹性均向接近正常皮肤方面转变。结论：康复护理可作为加强植皮效果的一种重要手段。     

Novel application method of artificial dermis: one-step grafting procedure of artificial dermis and skin, rat experimental study

BACKGROUND: Currently, to treat skin defects with artificial dermis (AD), two surgical procedures where the artificial dermis grafting and another secondary skin grafting are required. The purpose of this study was to achieve simultaneous grafting of the artificial dermis and the split-skin. To enhance the wound angiogenesis, cultured endothelial cells, fibroblasts and PDWHF (platelet derived wound healing factor) were employed. METHODS: The experiment consists of following two parts: (1) Investigation to obtain faster angiogenesis into the bilayer artificial dermis: full-thickness wounds created on the back of the rats were treated with the artificial dermis (Terudermis, with silicone sheet, TERUMO Co., Japan). Prior to the artificial dermis grafting, following four groups were established; control group (AD alone, n=6), PDWHF group (AD treated with PDWHF, n=6), cultured cells group (AD treated with cultured endothelial cells and fibroblasts, n=6), combination group (AD treated with PDWHF and cultured cells, n=6). (2) Trial of one-stage grafting of the AD and the skin: simultaneous grafting of the artificial dermis and skin was performed using the same rat model. Before making skin defects, split thickness skin were harvested. Then the skin grafting was carried out immediately after the AD grafting. To allow grafting of the skin onto the artificial dermis, the AD without silicone sheet (Terudermis without silicone sheet, TERUMO Co., Japan) were used. Two groups, control group (AD alone, n=3) and treatment group (AD with PDWF and cultures, n=3) were established. RESULTS: (1) When the artificial dermis were treated with PDWHF, cultured endothelial cells and fibroblasts, vascular invasion into the artificial dermis was observed 5 days after the surgery. (2) In the treatment group, the skin grafted immediately after the artificial dermis grafting was completely taken. CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed that treatment with PDWHF, combined with cultured endothelial cells and fibroblasts, accelerated wound angiogenesis. By this method, one-step grafting procedure of the artificial dermis and the skin is possible.     

Autologous skin transplantation: comparison of minced skin to other techniques

BACKGROUND: Skin grafting may be necessary to close nonhealing skin wounds. This report describes a fast and minimally invasive method to produce minced skin suitable for transplantation to skin wounds. The technique was evaluated in an established porcine skin wound healing model and was compared to split-thickness skin grafts and suspensions of cultured and noncultured keratinocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 90 wounds on 3 pigs. Fluid-treated full-thickness skin wounds were grafted with minced skin, split-thickness skin grafts, noncultured keratinocytes, or cultured keratinocytes. Controls received either fluid or dry treatment. The wound healing process was analyzed in histologies collected at Days 8 to 43 postwounding. Wound contraction was quantified by photoplanimetry. RESULTS: Wounds transplanted with minced skin and keratinocyte suspension contained several colonies of keratinocytes in the newly formed granulation tissue. During the healing phase, the colonies progressed upward and reepithelialization was accelerated. Minced skin and split-thickness skin grafts reduced contraction as compared to keratinocyte suspensions and saline controls. Granulation tissue formation was also reduced in split-thickness skin-grafted wounds. CONCLUSIONS: Minced skin grafting accelerates reepithelialization of fluid-treated skin wounds. The technique is faster and less expensive than split-thickness skin grafting and keratinocyte suspension transplantation. Minced skin grafting may have implications for the treatment of chronic wounds.     

皮肤混合移植的现状和未来

1 皮肤混合移植的演变过程 皮肤移植是外科修复皮肤缺失的主要方法之一.大面积深度烧伤患者可供移植的自体皮有限,探索相应的皮肤移植技术成为烧伤医学的重要研究课题之一[1].