压电C肽免疫传感器的实验研究

目的：构建一种新型压电C肽免疫传感器，方法：AT切向，基频10MHz的石英晶体用金属夹具和乳胶套圈固定形成检测池，抗人C肽单克隆抗体采用巯基化方法固定在金膜电极表面制成抗体敏感膜，构成压电C肽免疫传感器。结果：构建的压电C肽免疫传感器C肽的响应特性良好，其线性检测范围为0．375－12．0ng/ml，胰岛素，胰岛素原对C肽的检测基本无干扰，传感器可再生后重复使用5次，58例临床标本检测结果与放射免疫检测法符合（P＞0．05），两种方法的相关系数为0．94。结论：研制的压电C肽免疫传感器具有灵敏度高，特异性好，不需标记，操作简单，省时，能实时在线检测和重复使用等优点，对比实验表明其检测结果准确，能用于临床实验诊断，具有临床推广价值。     

压电石英晶体甲胎蛋白免疫传感器的实验研究

目的　构建一种新型压电甲胎蛋白 (AFP)免疫传感器。方法　AT切向、基频 10MHz的石英晶体用金属夹具和乳胶套圈固定组成检测池 ,抗人AFP单克隆抗体采用巯基化方法固定在金膜电极表面制成抗体敏感膜 ,构成压电AFP免疫传感器。结果　构建的压电AFP免疫传感器对AFP的响应特性良好 ,其线性检测范围为 2 0～ 10 0 0ng ml ,癌胚抗原(CEA)、前列腺特异抗原 (PSA)、人绒毛膜促性腺激素 (hCG)等对AFP的检测基本无干扰 ;传感器可再生后重复使用 5次 ;68例临床标本检测结果与放射免疫检测法符合 ,两种方法的相关系数为 0 92 ,P <0 0 1。结论　研制的压电AFP免疫传感器是一种灵敏度高、特异性好、不需标记、操作简单、省时、能重复使用和实时在线检测AFP的新方法 ,对比实验表明其检测结果准确 ,能用于临床实验诊断 ,具有临床推广价值。     

压电石英晶体微阵列免疫传感器检测hCG的实验研究

目的　构建一种新型压电石英晶体人绒毛膜促性腺激素 (hCG)免疫微阵列传感器。方法　抗hCG β单克隆抗体采用蛋白A(SPA)法固定在 2× 5的AT切向、基频 1 0MHz的石英晶体微阵列金膜电极表面制成抗体敏感膜 ,构成压电石英晶体hCG免疫微阵列传感器。结果　构建的hCG压电石英晶体微阵列免疫传感器对hCG的响应特性良好 ,其检测线性范围为 2 .5～ 2 50mIU ml,TSH、FSH、LH对hCG的检测基本无干扰 ;60例临床标本检测结果与荧光免疫检测法符合 (P >0 .0 5) ,两种方法的相关系数为 0 .92。结论　研制的压电石英晶体hCG免疫微阵列传感器具有灵敏度高、特异性好、成本低廉、省时、操作简单、不需标记、能在线实时检测等优点 ,对比实验表明其检测结果准确 ,能用于临床实验诊断检测     

压电石英晶体微阵列免疫传感器检测IgG的实验研究

目的 构建一种新型压电石英晶体人免疫球蛋白(IgG)的免疫微阵列传感器。方法 抗IgG单克隆抗体采用蛋白A(SPA)法固定在AT切向、基频10MHz的石英晶体微阵列金膜电极表面制成抗体敏感膜，构成压电石英晶体IgG免疫微阵列传感器。结果 构建的IgG压电石英晶体免疫微阵列传感器对IgG的响应特性良好，其检测下线为0．5mIU／ml。结论 研制的压电石英晶体IgG免疫微阵列传感器具有灵敏度高、特异性好、成本低廉、操作简单、快速，能在线实时检测等优点，可用于临床实验诊断。     

用于AFP检测的电流型免疫传感器的研究

目的 研制一种新的检测AFP的电流型免疫传感器。方法 通过把抗体固定在电聚合邻苯二胺膜的铂电极上，夹心法连接HRP标记的AFP抗体，电流法检测HRP作用于底物对苯二酚后的产物产生的还原电流间接检测血清AFP浓度。结果 制得的传感器在5～400ng／ml范围内．电流和AFP浓度的对数成线性关系，相关系数为0．986．最低检测限为0．51ng／ml，初步临床实验结果良好。结论 研制的传感器具有保存时间长、灵敏度高、特异性好、重复性好、无放射性等优点．有望在临床检测中发挥作用。     

检测蝮蛇毒的压电免疫传感器阵列的初步构建

目的 初步构建适宜于蝮蛇毒检测的压电免疫传感阵列.方法 制作2×5型压电免疫传感阵列,AT切向、基频10MHz,通过自组装技术将巯基化后的蝮蛇毒抗体固定在石英晶体金膜电极表面,检测不同浓度的标准蝮蛇毒液,时压电晶体频率变化数据进行采集和分析.结果 蝮蛇毒压电免疫传感器阵列上,达到最大频率变化的最小抗体浓度为4μg/mL;蝮蛇毒与抗体反应40分钟后频率达到稳定状态;蝮蛇毒浓度低于0.1μg/mL时,频率变化不明显,蝮蛇毒浓度在0.1～5.0μg/mL范围时,与晶体频率变化间呈线性关系.结论 初步构建的蝮蛇毒压电免疫传感器阵列响应特性良好,具有灵敏度高、操作简单、不需标记等优点,是较有前景的蝮蛇毒检测方法 .     

电化学免疫传感器超灵敏检测髓过氧化物酶的研究

目的：本研究拟建立一种电化学免疫传感器用于超灵敏检测人血清中髓过氧化物酶（MPO）水平的方法。方法通过石墨化多孔碳-金复合纳米材料（AuNPs＠ GMCs）将 MPO 抗体固定到玻碳电极表面,研制出一种新型 MPO 电化学免疫传感器,探讨了实验条件对传感器性能的影响,并与酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）进行方法学比较。结果在最优条件下该传感器对MPO 反应灵敏,其线性范围为2．000～300．000 ng／mL ,相关系数为0．999,检出限为0．5 ng／mL ,与 ELISA 法检测结果的相关系数为0．983。结论该电化学免疫传感器可实现对 MPO 的超灵敏检测。     

心肌肌红蛋白压电免疫芯片检测方法的建立

目的 研制一种新型、快速地用于检测心肌肌红蛋白的压电免疫芯片.方法 设计四通道芯片微阵列,采用双功能基团交联剂Sulfo-LC-SPDP将心肌肌红蛋白单克隆抗体巯基化,固定于石英晶体的金膜电极表面制备生物敏感膜,构建压电免疫芯片.结果 芯片用于检测心肌肌红蛋白的灵敏度达50ng/mL,与酶联荧光分析法具有较好的相关性,可用于半定量检测心肌肌红蛋白.结论 构建的压电免疫芯片具有灵敏度高、特异性好等特点,具有一定的临床应用价值.     

压电免疫传感器阵列检测尖吻蝮蛇毒的初步研究

目的 探讨以压电传感阵列技术榆测尖吻蝮蛇毒的可行性.方法 构建2×5的AT切向、基频10 MHz的石英晶体微阵列,将尖吻蝮蛇毒抗体巯基化,通过自组装技术固定在石英晶体金膜电极表面,检测不同浓度的尖吻蝮蛇毒标准液.结果 尖吻蝮蛇毒压电免疫传感器阵列上,最适抗体固定浓度为3 μg/ml,尖吻蝮蛇毒与相应抗体反应时间为40 min,检测尖吻蝮蛇毒最低浓度为0.1μg/ml,蛇毒浓度在0.1～4.0μg/ml范围时,与晶体频率变化之间呈良好的线性关系.结论 采用压电免疫传感器阵列检测尖吻蝮蛇毒响应特性良好,具有灵敏度高、操作简单、不需标记等优点,是实现快速仪器化检测蛇伤的可能途径.     

压电免疫传感器与ELISA、TPPA法在梅毒筛查试验中的对比研究

目的研制压电免疫传感芯片法快速检测梅毒特异性抗体。方法采用吸附-交联法将梅毒基因工程重组抗原固定在镀金石英晶体表面。运用压电免疫传感阵列检测技术快速检测梅毒特异性抗体。以压电免疫传感芯片为实验方法,以ELISA作对照方法,以TPPA作为确认方法进行对比研究。结果30份临床样本,实验方法与对照方法的灵敏度均为100％,特异度分别是85％和75％,一致率分别是90％和83．3％。压电蛋白芯片法与TPPA法检测数据之间存在相关关系,属半定量实验。结论运用压电免疫传感阵列对梅毒螺旋体抗体进行快速检测,具有灵敏度高、特异性好,检测速度快等优点,特别适用于野战条件下献血者血液快速筛查。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.