近红外光谱法预测红参醇提过程中总皂苷的变化研究

目的应用近红外(NIR)光谱技术快速分析红参乙醇回流提取过程。方法采用比色法测定提取液样品的总皂苷质量浓度作为对照值,同时采集提取液样品的NIR光谱。运用正交信号校正算法消除光谱中的干扰信息,采用偏最小二乘回归法建立NIR光谱校正模型。结果NIR光谱校正模型能够准确地预测红参提取过程总皂苷质量浓度。结论NIR光谱技术可用于红参醇提过程快速分析。     

近红外光谱法测定天麻中天麻素的含量

目的 采用近红外光谱法对不同产地的天麻中天麻素含量进行快速测定.方法 以HPLC分析值作为参照,采用傅里叶变换近红外漫反射光谱技术采集天麻的近红外光谱,结合偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立天麻素含量的快速测定方法.结果 天麻素校正模型的相关系数(R)、校正均方差(RMSEC)、内部验证均方差(RMSEP)分别为0.990 6、0.043 2、0.032 4.经外部验证,预测值与真实值的相关系数达0.996 6.结论 该方法准确、快速、简便,可实现大批量样品的快速分析.     

近红外光谱法快速测定青翘中醇浸出物的含量

目的运用近红外光谱技术（NIR）快速测定青翘中醇浸出物的含量。方法运用NIR结合偏最4、二乘法（PLS）建立青翘药材中醇浸出物含量的定量校正模型。结果所建立的定量校正模型内部交叉验证决定系数为0．99262,内部交叉验证均方差为0．83793,校正均方差为0．284,预测均方差为0．438。结论运用NIR测定青翘药材中醇浸出物含量是可行的。     

近红外光谱法测定银黄混合液终点黄芩苷和绿原酸含量

目的:建立银黄混合液终点的近红外光谱(near infrared spectroscopy,NIR)校正模型,探讨NIR快速测定黄芩苷和绿原酸含量的方法。方法:采用多种光谱预处理方法、波长选择方法结合偏最小二乘法对银黄混合液的光谱图与黄芩苷、绿原酸的含量进行关联拟合,并通过交互检验标准偏差(SECV)、校正标准偏差(SEC)和决定系数(R2)及优选校正模型。结果:建立的黄芩苷、绿原酸的NIR校正模型的预测能力较好。结论:NIR技术可以用于银黄混合液终点阶段的黄芩苷、绿原酸含量。     

近红外光谱法快速测定升麻中皂苷含量

目的:建立快速测定升麻中升麻新苷I含量的近红外定量模型。方法:以高效液相色谱法测定升麻新苷Ⅰ的含量,运用近红外技术收集不同产地不同批次的升麻样品的光谱图,采用标准正态变换(SNV)加二阶导数(SD)的光谱预处理方法,通过偏最小二乘回归(PLS)法建立升麻中升麻新苷Ⅰ含量测定的近红外定量模型,并对已建立的定量模型进行验证。结果:建立的新苷Ⅰ校正模型的相关系数(R)为0.99077,校正均方差(RMSEC)为0.0123,用验证集进行模型验证,预测误差均方根(RMSEP)为0.0348。结论:结果表明该方法简便高效,建立的模型性能较好,对升麻中升麻新苷Ⅰ含量的预测准确可靠。     

一种基于近红外的红参药材质量快速评价方法

目的应用近红外(NIR)光谱技术和化学计量学方法建立红参药材质量评价的新方法。方法对红参同时进行原料定性鉴别和水分含量检测。将样品NIR光谱同标准光谱库相比较，计算相似度匹配值。以传统的干燥失重法(LOD)为参照方法，应用相关光谱法进行波长选择和多重散射校正(MSC)方法进行光谱预处理，采用偏最小二乘(PLS)回归方法建立NIR光谱预测水分含量的校正模型。结果NIR光谱库可正确区别红参和伪品；最优PLS校正模型相关系数为0．9997。结论此方法快速、准确，可用于中药生产企业的原料药材质量控制。     

4个不同厂家栀子配方颗粒中栀子苷含量的比较研究

目的考察不同厂家栀子配方颗粒中栀子苷含量。方法用高效液相色谱法测定栀子苷的含量。色谱柱为DiamonsilC1 8( 4 .6mm× 2 5 0mm) ;流动相为乙腈 — 水 ( 2 0∶80 ) ;流速 :1ml min;柱温 :3 0℃ ;检测波长 :2 3 8nm。结果建立的方法适用于栀子配方颗粒中栀子苷的含量测定 ,快速、灵敏、重现性好。不同厂家栀子配方颗粒中栀子苷含量为 66.0 2～ 1 97.71mg 包。结论不同厂家产品栀子苷含量差异显著。     

高效液相色谱法测定栀子Ⅰ号方中栀子苷的含量

栀子Ⅰ号方(临床验方)是由栀子、芦荟等中药组成的复方制剂。栀子是君药，具有抗炎解热镇痛作用。其中栀子苷是其主要有效成分，根据文献报道近年栀子苷含量测定的方法主要有薄层扫描法和高效液相法。本文采用高效液相色谱法准确快捷地测定了制剂中栀子苷的含量，为控制本方的内在质量提供了科学依据。     

AOTF-近红外光谱技术在肾宝合剂渗漉液理化指标快速分析中的应用研究

目的:用声光可调滤光器(AOTF)-近红外(NIR)光谱法在线分析肾宝合剂渗漉液密度及淫羊藿苷含量。方法:在线收集肾宝合剂渗漉液样品,建立肾宝合剂渗漉液的含量、比重数据库,同时采集近红外光谱图谱,用偏最小二乘(PLS1)法分别建立NIR光谱与含量、比重数据之间的校正模型,并对在线过程中收集的预测集样品进行含量预测来验证所建模型。结果:渗漉液NIR光谱与含量、比重数据之间的校正模型相关系系数R2分别为0.9706和0.9890,外部样品预测相对偏差分别为0.11%,0.45%;该方法精密度、稳定性均小于2.0%,预测回收率分别为103.0%,99.0%。结论:AOTF-近红外光谱技术在肾宝合剂渗漉液密度及淫羊藿苷含量分析中具有快速、直接、多成分同时测定,并能实现现场在线分析。     

近红外光谱法快速测定甘草饮片中甘草酸和甘草苷的含量

目的 利用近红外光谱法建立快速测定甘草饮片中甘草酸和甘草苷含量的模型。方法 采用HPLC测定不同产地的甘草饮片中甘草酸和甘草苷的含量作为参考值,分别选取2200~2049、1750~1450、1151~1001nm和1795~1475、1395~1293、1125~1030nm波长范围的近红外光谱,利用偏最小二乘（PLS）回归分析结合交叉验证法,建立快速测定甘草饮片中甘草酸和甘草苷含量的模型。结果 所建立的甘草酸和甘草苷含量校正模型的相关系数分别为0.980和0.919,交互验证均方差分别为0.184和0.144。结论 近红外光谱法结合PLS法操作简便、快速、无损,适合大批甘草饮片中甘草酸和甘草苷的含量测定,为快速评价甘草饮片质量提供了一种新方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.