桔丙酯氯化钠注射液的全身过敏性、血管刺激性及溶血性实验研究

1.1 全身过敏性实验健康豚鼠18只,随机分为3组:生理盐水组、卵白蛋白组(5%)、桔丙酯氯化钠注射液组,每组6只.3组动物分别按无菌操作隔日腹腔注射生理盐水、5%卵白蛋白和棓丙酯氯化钠注射液,0.5 mL/只,共3次进行致敏.致敏后将每组动物分为2批,每批各3只,一批于首次致敏后第14天静脉注射对应药液1 mL/只进行攻击;另一批于首次致敏后第21天同法攻击.分别于攻击给药后30 min内观察动物有无咳嗽、抓鼻、竖毛、呼吸困难、痉挛、休克及死亡等情况,并进行过敏反应评分,计算出平均分数.若评分在2分以下,可认为供试品过敏实验合格,否则为不合格.     

混合材质超滤膜去除丹参滴注液中细菌内毒素的研究

目的 研究混合材质超滤膜去除丹参滴注液中细茵内毒素的适宜性.方法 以动态浊度法和高效液相色谱法,测定丹参滴注液使用混合材质超滤膜厦Millpore超滤膜前后药液中细菌内毒素和有效成分的含量,观察细菌内毒素去除效果及有效成分变化.结果 截留分子量为10 kDa的混合材质超滤膜和Millpore超滤膜对丹参滴注液中细菌内毒素去除率均大于99％,但丹酚酸B损失明显;截留分子量为50 kDa时,Millpore超滤膜内毒素去除率明显下降,而混合材质超滤膜去除率大于99％,可以将内毒素控制在0.5 EU/mL的限度内,且丹参滴注液中有效成分透过率均大于95％,丹酚酸B透过率为95.87％.结论 混合材质超滤膜可以高效去除丹参滴注液中的内毒素并对成分无明显影响,尤其适用于大客积输液.     

丹参滴注液与20种抗生素的配伍观察

丹参滴注液为中药注射制剂 ,其主要成分丹参 ,为淡黄色的澄明液体 ,其功能主治有活血化瘀、通脉养心、活血消肿、养血安神等作用 ,用于冠心病、头外伤等[1] 。本院急诊输液室、观察室、心脏内科等几个科室在使用丹参滴注液时发现 ,除与原有的配伍禁忌表中的红霉素、四环素、硫酸卡那霉素、庆大霉素、青霉素有配伍禁忌外 ,尚与喹喏酮类抗生素 (奥复星、千乐安、左氧氟沙星、诺尔 )及氨基苷类抗生素 (硫酸奈替米星氯化钠注射液、硫酸西索米星注射液 )亦有配伍禁忌 ,现将临床资料及配伍实验介绍如下。1　临床资料丹参滴注液由中外合资安徽天洋…     

丹参滴注液的细菌内毒素检测方法探讨

目的:探讨用细菌内毒素检测法(BET法)检查丹参滴注液中的细菌内毒素。方法:用鲎试剂对丹参滴注液进行干扰试验,考察确立丹参滴注液细菌内毒素的检查法。结果:丹参滴注液经1→40倍稀释后对鲎试剂无干扰作用。结论:细菌内毒素检查方法可用于丹参滴注液的热原检查。     

丹参药材中丹参酮ⅡA提取方法的探讨

研究一种快速检测丹参药材中丹参酮ⅡA的方法。结果用甲醇超声提取15分钟即可提出丹参ⅡA，与加热回流1小时提取制备供试品溶液相比，超声处理的方法简便、节时。     

丹参滴注液制备过程中酚酸类成分的变化研究

目的?研究丹参滴注液在制备工艺过程中原儿茶醛和丹酚酸B等水溶性成分的变化规律,为丹参滴注液质量标准的制定提供依据。方法?采用RPHPLC乙腈0.5%冰醋酸系统梯度洗脱程序,考察在加热、醇、酸碱等条件下水溶性成分的变化规律。结果?丹酚酸B减少,丹参素钠和原儿茶醛增加。结论?在高温和酸碱条件下,丹酚酸B被降解为丹参素钠和原儿茶醛。      

丹参滴注液治疗短暂性脑缺血发作64例疗效分析

目的　采用丹参滴注液和肝素分别治疗短暂性脑缺血 (TIA) ,以了解丹参滴注液的治疗效果。方法　将诊断为 TIA的病人 6 4例 ,随机分为丹参滴注液治疗组 (丹参组 )与肝素静滴组 (肝素组 )。结果　丹参治疗组疗效优于肝素治疗组。结论　丹参滴注液治疗 TIA。取得了良好的近期效果 ,但远期治疗效果尚需进一步观察证实     

用高效液相色谱法测定丹参药材中丹参酮ⅡA含量的最优测定条件分析

目的：在不同测定条件下对丹参药材中的丹参酮ⅡA进行含量测定,以选出最佳的测定条件。方法：采用高效液相色谱法,在不同比例的流动相（甲醇-水）下观察供试品目标峰的分离度和峰型,选择最佳的流动相比例。结果与结论：在流动相为甲醇-水（78：22）、流速为1mL·min-1、检测波长为270nm、柱温为25℃的条件下使用高效液相色谱法对供试品进行测定,其目标峰的峰型良好,分离完全。在该条件下用高效液相色谱法测定丹参酮ⅡA含量的结果准确可靠,而且简便易行,可用于对丹参药材进行质量控制的相关测定。     

丹参滴注液中酚酸类有效成分分离研究

目的 研究丹参滴注液中酚酸类化学成分.方法 采用大孔树脂色谱及ODS反相制备色谱等分离手段进行分离纯化,并通过现代波普技术进行结构鉴定.结果 从丹参滴注液中分离鉴定了9个化学成分,分别鉴定为为丹参素、原儿茶醛、丹酚酸H、丹酚酸I,丹酚酸D、丹酚酸E、迷迭香酸、丹酚酸A、丹酚酸B.结论 首次深入、系统研究丹参滴注液水溶性化学成分,为丹参滴注液的生产控制及质量提升提供科学依据.     

甘肃道地药材掌叶大黄药材的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的 建立甘肃礼县掌叶大黄的高效液相色谱指纹图谱,可为科学评价和有效控制其质量提供可靠的方法。方法 采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Agela Venusil XBP-C₁₈柱（4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm）;流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱;流速为1.0 mL/min;检测波长为254 nm;柱温为40 ℃。结果 掌叶大黄中所含主要成分的色谱峰均得到了有效的分离,在指纹图谱中共有峰有26个,并指认了5个色谱峰。结论 该方法对掌叶大黄质量控制以及实现规范化种植提供了参考依据。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.