锁定钢板内固定联合髂骨植骨治疗老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的疗效

目的比较锁定钢板内固定联合髂骨植骨与单纯锁定钢板内固定治疗老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的疗效。方法采用回顾性队列研究分析2018年1月至2020年1月青岛大学附属医院收治的42例老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折患者的临床资料, 其中男20例, 女22例;年龄65～75岁[(69.5±8.5)岁]。骨折Neer分型:三部分骨折26例, 四部分骨折16例。18例行锁定钢板内固定联合自体髂骨植骨(植骨组), 24例行单纯锁定钢板内固定(非植骨组)。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间。比较两组术后1, 6, 12个月及末次随访时肩关节活动度(前屈、后伸、内旋和外旋)和肱骨头高度丢失程度。比较两组术前、术后1, 6, 12个月及末次随访时肩关节Neer评分和视觉模拟评分(VAS)。观察并发症发生情况。结果患者均获随访12～24个月[(18.5±3.8)个月]。两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量及住院时间差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。植骨组骨折愈合时间为(3.1±0.7)个月, 短于非植骨组的(4.2±0.9)个月(P<0.05)。随着术后时间延长, 两组肩关节各...     

T形钢板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折

目的 评价T形钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的疗效。方法用T形钢板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性移位骨折38例,按A0分类：B形26例,C形12例。平均随访23个月(10～41个月)。结果术后无伤口感染、骨折延迟愈合等并发症发生。骨折愈合时间为术后2～4个月(平均3．1个月)。按照Neer’s肩关节功能评定标准：优26例,良7例,可3例,差2例。结论T形钢板对肱骨近端粉碎性骨折固定牢稳,并发症少,术后功能恢复满意,为一理想的内固定方法。     

双钢板内固定治疗锁骨近端粉碎性骨折

目的探讨采用双钢板内固定术治疗锁骨近端粉碎性骨折的方法及临床疗效。方法 2011年2月-2012年11月采用切开复位锁骨近端双钢板内固定治疗13例锁骨近端粉碎性骨折患者,其中男性5例,女性8例;年龄42-72岁,平均57.7岁。致伤原因：道路交通伤6例,运动伤4例,坠落伤3例。均为闭合性骨折,受伤至手术时间为12-72h,平均为48h。术前行锁骨正轴位X线片以及CT三维重建扫描检查,以了解骨折的损伤类型、受累范围以及有无合并同侧肩胛骨损伤。根据Craig分型：Ⅱ型5例、Ⅲ型3例、Ⅳ型3例、Ⅴ型2例。术后定期摄X线片观察骨折愈合情况。采用美国肩肘外科医师学会（American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons,ASES）标准评价术后肩关节功能,同时记录相关并发症发生情况。结果 13例均获得随访,随访时间为7-18个月,平均12.3个月。X线片示术后5-6个月骨折端愈合,平均5.2个月。末次随访时未见内固定失败、骨不连、钢板周围骨折、创伤性关节炎等并发症发生。末次随访时ASES评分为87-92分,平均90.2分,与健侧肩关节的功能评分接近。结论采用双钢板内固定术治疗锁骨近端粉碎性骨折可以在直视下实现解剖复位,可获得坚强稳定的固定效果,是一种安全可靠的治疗方法。     

采用PHILOS钢板治疗肱骨近端复杂骨折

目的评价采用PH ILOS钢板治疗肱骨近端复杂骨折的临床结果。方法2006年1月-2008年6月,我们共收治肱骨近端复杂骨折（Neer分型3部分或4部分）32例,均采用切开复位PH ILOS钢板内固定方法,男性18例,女性14例,单纯跌倒17例,道路交通伤11例,高处跌落4例;平均年龄为53.8岁（25-72岁）,手术时间平均为伤后42小时（18-96小时）。采用肩关节Constant功能评分及肩关节X线片来评价治疗结果。结果平均随访13.6个月（9-33个月）,最后随访时肩关节的Constant评分平均为78.6分（46-96分）。所有骨折均愈合,平均愈合时间为10周（8-17周）。1例肱骨头轻度变形但无临床症状。结论PH ILOS钢板对肱骨近端复杂骨折提供了更为可靠的固定方法,使早期功能锻炼成为可能,从而保证了肩关节功能的恢复。     

可吸收线缝合肩袖骨块技术辅助PHILOS钢板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的早期疗效

目的 探讨可吸收线缝合肩袖骨块技术辅助肱骨近端锁定钢板(PHILOS)治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的早期疗效.方法 回顾性分析2016年1月—2018年12月安徽医科大学第三附属医院关节骨科手术治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折患者57例,按治疗方法不同分对照组(28例)和观察组(29例).对照组行切开复位单纯PHILOS钢板内固定治疗...     

应用ACUMED自主定向肘关节骨板系统治疗成人肱骨远端C型骨折

目的 探讨ACUMED自主定向肘关节骨板系统治疗成人肱骨远端粉碎性(C型)骨折的疗效.方法 选择2009年5月-2010年10月采用切开复位平行双钢板内固定治疗成人肱骨远端粉碎性骨折患者32例,其中男17例,女15例;年龄21 ～ 85岁,平均60岁.左侧15例,右侧17例.全部患者均为闭合性骨折,伴尺神经损伤2例.骨折按照AO分型:C1型12例,C2型12例,C3型8例.受伤至手术时间平均为5.6d.手术均采用肘后正中切口,经尺骨鹰嘴“V”形截骨入路显露肱骨远端.术后24 h内进行肌肉舒缩功能锻炼.按照Mayo肘关节功能评分(Mayoelbow performance score,MEPS)及X线片评估疗效.结果 术后平均随访12个月,全部患者经X线片证实均获Ⅰ期骨性愈合;术后3例C3型骨折发生异位骨化;均未发生感染、内固定物松动等并发症;肘关节屈伸活动范围8°～ 140°,平均85°;MEPS评分平均90分(60～100分),其中优13例,良15例,可1例,差3例,优良率88％.结论 ACUMED平行双钢板固定技术利用拱门结构稳定的原理,坚强内固定治疗成人肱骨远端粉碎性骨折,重建肱骨远端的骨性结构,配合术后早期功能锻炼,可有效恢复肘关节功能,疗效满意.     

锁定加压接骨板治疗肱骨近端骨折38例疗效分析

目的探讨应用锁定加压接骨板(LCP)治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。方法取肩关节前内侧入路,采取切开复位LCP内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折38例,术后早期功能锻炼。结果随访8周～15个月,骨折均骨性愈合,按照Neer评分法评价疗效,肩关节功能恢复优良率92.8%。结论应用LCP治疗肱骨近端骨折高度稳定、微创,可早期进行功能锻炼,肩关节功能恢复良好,是治疗肱骨近端骨折,特别是粉碎骨折的理想方法。     

解剖钢板治疗老年肱骨外科颈粉碎性骨折

目的探讨应用解剖钢板内固定治疗老年患者肱骨外科颈粉碎性骨折的手术治疗效果。方法选择臂丛神经阻滞麻醉,取上臂上段前内侧切口经三角肌胸大肌间隙入路显露肱骨外科颈骨折,直视下将骨折复位,应用解剖钢板做内固定,伴有肱骨头骨折者用松质骨螺钉固定。结果本组24例,得到随访者21例,另2例外地患者失访,1例因为其他疾患术后3个月死亡。年龄62～86岁,平均72.5岁,随访9个月～3年,平均18个月,骨折均愈合,肩关节无疼痛,通过功能锻炼,肩关节功能基本恢复正常。结论老年患者肱骨外科颈粉碎性骨折通过切开复位解剖钢板内固定,可达到解剖复位,骨折愈合良好,功能恢复满意,明显改善患者生活质量。     

锁定钢板与肩关节置换治疗复杂性肱骨近端骨折

随着社会老龄化及生活方式的改变,肱骨近端骨折尤其是粉碎骨折的发生率在逐年增加.老年人骨质疏松骨折后治疗难度大,功能恢复不够理想.近年来,手术技术、内固定材料和人工关节假体的进展,锁定钢板和肩关节置换治疗肱骨近端复杂性骨折都获得了比较满意的疗效.     

一期植骨解剖锕板固定治疗股骨下端复杂骨折

目的探讨解剖型钢板内固定、一期植骨治疗股骨下端复杂粉碎性骨折的临床效果。方法对2000年以来收治的股骨下端复杂粉碎性骨折35例,采用解剖型钢板内固定及一期髂骨植骨治疗。结果随访1-2年,骨折均完全愈合,无骨不连、螺钉松动、钢板断裂、肢体短缩及膝关节内外翻畸形愈合等并发症,膝关节功能优良率达94.1％。结论解剖型钢板内固定、一期植骨治疗股骨下端复杂粉碎性骨折,操作简单,固定可靠,手术创伤小,有利于膝关节功能的恢复,是治疗股骨下端复杂粉碎性骨折较理想的方法。     

Dealing with cancer--conversations with radiotherapy patients

Thirty in-patients treated by radiotherapy were questioned in qualitative interviews about the information they had received from the physicians and their way to deal with the disease and the physicians. Furthermore 18 persons out of this group were accompanied continuously. The confidential relationships between the patients and the author of the study brought about spontaneous conversations showing some new aspects of the way to experience disease and therapy. Despite a poor prognosis and an initially insufficient information, the patients formulated their questions openly. Generally they desired a clearer communication. They criticized above all the lack of information and attention from the physicians. A need for confidence, frankness, and the conveyance of a justified hope was expressed. The physician's stress and resulting lack of time was complained of. During the time of accompanying which lasted several weeks, it became evident that information means a way to deal with the disease to which the patient can make his individual contribution. The majority of questions as well as emotional reactions as fear or depression came from those patients who seemed to be quiet persons.     

Radiochemotherapy with temozolomide for patients with glioblastoma

Background

The objective of this retrospective analysis was to assess long-term outcome and prognostic factors of unselected patients treated for glioblastoma (GB) at a single center with surgery, standard radiotherapy (RT), and concomitant temozolomide (TMZ). From 1999?C2005, the institutional protocol included surgery and RT with TMZ. From 2005 on, adjuvant TMZ was routinely added.

Patients and Methods

Between April 1999 and September 2009, 181 patients with GB were treated with RT (60 Gy in 30 fractions) and concomitant TMZ (75 mg/m²/day throughout RT). Biopsy only had been performed in 53 patients (29.3%), 128 patients (70.7%) had undergone resection, which was complete based on postoperative MRI in 51 patients (28.2%). Adjuvant TMZ was applied in 67 of 181 patients (37%).

Results

Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 15.0 (95% CI, 13.1?C16.8) and 7.2 months (95% CI, 5.9?C8.5), respectively. After complete resection, partial/subtotal resection and biopsy, median OS was 23.20, 14.75, and 7.89 months (p < 0.001), respectively. In multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models, extent of resection (p < 0.0001), Karnofsky??s performance score (p < 0.0001) and adjuvant TMZ (p = 0.001) were significant independent prognostic factors for OS. RT with concomitant TMZ was well tolerated in the majority of patients and could be completed as scheduled in 146 patients (80.7%), while 11 patients (6.1%) discontinued RT. Another 35 patients (19.3%) interrupted concomitant chemotherapy.

Conclusion

RT with concomitant TMZ is a feasible regimen with acceptable toxicity in routine practice. Our data are compatible with a beneficial effect of adjuvant TMZ on OS and PFS.     

湿润烧伤膏与手术联合治疗褥疮的护理

目的 :减少溃疡期褥疮的术前准备时间 ,缩短褥疮的总病程。方法 :将 1996年 5月至 2 0 0 2年 5月收住院的 4 2例溃疡期褥疮病人按随机原则分为 2组 ,2 1例术前用湿润烧伤膏纱换药处理 ,为A组 (试验组 ) ;2 1例用庆大霉素紫草油纱布换药处理 ,为B组 (对照组 )。 2组病例的年龄、性别、发病原因、病灶部位、病灶范围等经统计学处理 ,无显著性差别 ,有可比性。两组病人均换药至创面新鲜行皮瓣转移手术 ;比较两组平均术前换药时间 ,及换药 +手术的总住院日。术前术后两组患者均运用护理程序施行整体护理。结果 :A组术前平均换药时间为 8 4 9± 2 2 3天 ,B组为 15 6 0± 6 70天 ;A组平均治愈时间为 2 0 5 0± 4 81天 ,B组为 35 31± 7 70天。结论 :湿润烧伤膏换药与庆大霉素紫草油纱布换药比较 ,前者可明显缩短褥疮手术的术前准备时间及病人的总住院天数。     

Bronchogenic carcinoma: staging with MR compared with staging with CT and surgery

Thirty-three patients suspected of having bronchogenic carcinoma were studied prospectively using magnetic resonance (MR). In this group, 30 underwent examination with computed tomography (CT), 15 underwent thoracotomy, six had mediastinal biopsy procedures performed, and eight underwent bronchoscopy. MR studies, which included transaxial spin-echo imaging (TR, 0.5 and 2.0 sec; TE, 28 and 56 msec) of all patients and sagittal or coronal imaging of 18, were performed without knowledge of CT findings, using only plain radiographs as a guide. CT and MR studies were interpreted separately. CT and MR provided comparable information regarding the presence and size of mediastinal lymph nodes. MR better discriminated mediastinal nodes from vascular structures. However, in two of 11 patients who had multiple mediastinal lymph nodes that were normal in size at CT examination and surgery, MR suggested a confluent abnormal mass, probably because of its poorer spatial resolution. MR was superior to CT in showing enlarged hilar lymph nodes, but CT was better for demonstrating bronchial abnormalities. In three of four patients who had a proved hilar mass with distal obstructive pneumonia, MR (TR, 2.0 sec) helped distinguish between the mass and collapsed lung.     

多虑平、雷尼替丁治疗消化性溃疡81例临床观察

1995年 1月～ 1 998年 2月 ,我们采用多虑平、雷尼替丁治疗消化性溃疡 (ＰＵ) ,并与雷尼替丁为对照组进行治疗观察 ,疗效满意 ,现总结报告如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　本组 81例ＰＵ均因上腹痛、返酸、腹胀及食欲不振等症状 ,经胃镜诊断为溃疡活动期患者。病程 2个月～ 5ａ,平均 1 7ａ。伴有焦虑、抑郁及夜眠欠佳等症者59例。随机分为 2组 :治疗组 4 1例 ,男 3 8例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 1 8～ 3 6岁 ,平均 2 4岁。其中胃溃疡 1 1例 ,十二指肠球部溃疡 3 0例。对照组 4 0例 ,男 3 7例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 1 9～ 3 5岁 ,平均 2 4 5岁 ;胃溃疡 1 2…     

臭氧治疗船员下肢损伤89例

2006年10月至2007年4月,我科采用引进的德国赫尔曼Medozon型臭氧发生装置系统产生的臭氧治疗船员下肢损伤89例,疗效满意.现报告如下.     

Tumor Burden Assessment with Positron Emission Tomography with

Objective: In patients with advanced cancer, total tumor burden affects the likelihood of tumor response and has important implications for prognosis. The aim of this study was to select the optimum 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG PET) tumor uptake parameter to accurately measure tumor burden in advanced metastatic renal cell cancer, in comparison with volumes measured with computed tomography (CT), as a reference test.Materials and Methods: Six patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma measurable on CT were studied. CT and FDG PET scans were carried out on all patients within 4 weeks prior to their entry into a phase I-II radioimmunotherapy trial. CT-based evaluation of disease extent (tumor volume) and 4 PET-based measurements (standardized uptake value[SUVmax], SUVav, volume, and total lesion glycolysis [TLG]) were performed independently by a radiologist (VN) and a nuclear medicine physician (TA). The degree of correlation between conventional (CT) extent of disease and parameters describing tumor concentration of FDG was then determined.Results: Fifty-seven CT-measurable metastatic lesions in lung, abdomen, and scalp were evaluated in 6 patients. There was a high correlation between CT and FDG PET volume estimates for lesions greater than 5 cm(3) in size. However, a PET-derived parameter that embodies both FDG uptake and lesion size, the TLG, correlated better with CT-derived tumor volume than did FDG PET volume alone.Conclusion: Using CT volume as a gold standard, the optimal PET-based estimate of total tumor burden in patients with metastatic renal cancer is the sum over all lesions of the total lesion glycolysis.     

MEBO药纱门诊治疗烧(烫)伤71例的体会

作者报道用MEBO药纱敷盖门诊治疗烧（烫）伤71例，均获治愈。经随访1年，深Ⅱ度创面疤痕发生率为15％（3／20），浅Ⅲ度创面疤痕发生率为38．9％（7／18）。