乙型肝炎病毒X蛋白对MMPs及TIMPs的影响

目的全面分析乙型肝炎病毒X蛋白（Hepatitis Bvirus Xprotein，HBx）对基质金属蛋白酶（Matrix Metalloproteinases，MMPs）及组织金属蛋白酶抑制物（Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases，TIMPs）的影响，探讨其在肝细胞癌的侵袭转移中的可能作用。方法PCR扩增HBVX基因并克隆人真核表达载体pcDNA3．1／HisC，重组载体及空载体分别以Lipofectamine2000转染HepG2细胞并以800μg／mlG418筛选抗性细胞克隆。以Western blot检测抗性细胞HBx表达。抽提细胞总RNA，半定量RT-PCR检测MMPs及TIMPs。收集细胞培养液上清，以明胶酶谱检测MMP2及MMP9活性，反相明胶酶谱检测TIMPs活性。结果构建了HBx重组载体pcDNA3．1-XB。该重组载体及对照空载体转染HepG2细胞后，G418筛选，分别获得抗性细胞克隆HepG2-XB及HepG2-HIS，前者经Westernblot证实可表达HBx。半定量RT—PCR显示HBx可促进MMP2、7、13、14、16、17、19、23、24及TIMP1、4基因的转录，抑制MMP1、3、8、9、10、11、12、15、20及TIMP2、3基因的转录。明胶酶谱检测显示HBx可促进酶原MMP2（Pro—MMP2）及活性MMP9（Active—MMP9）表达，抑制酶原MMP9（Pro—MMP9）表达；反相明胶酶谱显示HBx可促进TIMP1、TIMP4的表达，同时抑制TIMP2及糖基化TIMP3的表达。结论HBx蛋白对MMPs、TIMPs转录表达的影响是多方面的，但这种影响在HBx促进肝癌细胞侵袭转移过程中的确切机制有待进一步阐明。     

急性髓系白血病患者MMP-2和MMP-9的表达及与髓外浸润的关系

目的 :探讨急性髓系白血病 (AML)患者基质金属蛋白酶 2 , 9(MMP 2 ,MMP 9)的表达及与髓外浸润的关系。方法 :采用半定量RT PCR方法检测了 6 5例AML患者骨髓MMP 2、MMP 9mRNA的表达。采用明胶酶谱检测了 18例AML患者MMP 2、MMP 9的酶活性。结果 :①MMP 2在AML患者中表达率、表达水平均明显高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;MMP 9表达在各组间差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。②髓外浸润组患者MMP 2和MMP 9表达率、表达水平均明显高于无髓外浸润组 (P <0 .0 5 )。③MMP 2 (+)、MMP 9(+)组髓外浸润发生率明显高于MMP 2 (- )、MMP 9(- )组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :AML患者白血病细胞可以产生MMP 2和MMP 9,是参与AML髓外浸润的重要因素。     

原发性高血压患者血清基质金属蛋白酶9及其抑制因子水平

目的　研究原发性高血压患者血清中基质金属蛋白酶 9(MMP— 9)及其抑制剂 ,金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子 1(TIMP— 1)水平的变化和左室肥厚的关系。方法　用酶联免疫吸附法对 4 0例经治疗或未治疗的原发性高血压患者进行血清MMP— 9和TIMP— 1水平测定 ,与 2 8例健康对照组进行比较。并对高血压患者进行心脏彩色多谱勒检查 ,计算左室重量指数。结果　 1、高血压组血清MMP - 9较正常对照组明显降低(2 96 38± 15 9 2 3ng ml-1、4 99 6 2± 334 80ng ml-1,P <0 0 0 1)而TIMP - 1水平较正常对照组明显升高 (35 5 99± 114 95ng ml-1、2 0 5 4 5± 38 77ng ml-1,P <0 0 0 1) ;2、高血压心肌肥厚组与无肥厚组MMP - 9无显著性差异(332 71± 186 70ng ml-1、2 82 5 9± 14 9 10ng ml-1,P >0 0 5 ) ,但TIMP - 1水平心肌肥厚组明显升高 (491 2 7±75 0 3ng ml-1,2 98 4 7± 4 2 98ng ml-1P <0 0 0 1)。结论　原发性高血压患者存在基质金属蛋白酶 - 9及其抑制剂 - 1代谢异常 ,血清TIMP - 1水平可能成为反映高血压左室肥厚的指标。     

糖基化终末产物对大鼠肾皮质基质金属蛋白酶2活性和表达的影响

的　研究糖基化终末产物 (AGEs)对肾皮质基质金属蛋白酶 2 (MMP 2 )活性及其mRNA表达的影响。方法　用链脲佐菌素制备大鼠糖尿病模型。大鼠血清蛋白与 0 .5mol/L葡萄糖孵育制备AGEs,分静脉注射AGEs(AGEs组 )、静脉注射大鼠正常血清 (阴性对照组 )和未注射大鼠 (对照组 ) 3组进行观察。ELISA测定肾皮质和血清AGEs含量 ,RT PCR检测MMP 2、金属蛋白酶组织抑制物 2 (TIMP 2 )mRNA表达水平 ,酶谱法测定MMP 2活性。结果　糖尿病大鼠肾皮质AGEs含量明显升高 ,MMP 2mRNA表达下降 ,TIMP 2mRNA表达上调 (均P <0 .0 1)。AGEs处理组大鼠肾皮质AGEs含量明显升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,MMP 2活性也明显下降 (均P <0 .0 5)。结论　AGEs通过降低大鼠肾皮质MMP 2的活性及其mRNA表达及增加TIMP 2mRNA表达 ,由此减少肾小球细胞外基质 (ECM )降解 ,可能是导致糖尿病肾病ECM积聚的原因之一     

基质金属蛋白酶在大鼠心肌梗死模型心室重塑中的作用

目的:研究心肌梗死(MI)后基质金属蛋白酶2,9(MMP2,9)和组织金属蛋白酶抑制酶1(TIMP1)的变化规律,以及在左心室重塑过程中的作用。方法:通过结扎SD大鼠冠状动脉前降支建立MI模型。另设空白对照组、手术对照组。取MI术后第1天,术后1、2、4周各组心肌组织,采用免疫组化法测定其胶原含量和Ⅰ/Ⅲ胶原比例,酶谱法测定MI后MMP2,9活性蛋白的表达规律,WesternBlotting进一步确定酶谱法中所消化条带蛋白的属性,逆转录聚合酶链反应法(RTPCR)测定MI后MMP2、9和TIMP1mRNA的变化规律。结果:SD大鼠心肌内胶原含量在MI后第2、4周增加(P<0.01),Ⅰ/Ⅲ胶原比例同时期下降(P<0.05),MMP2、9蛋白水平和mRNA水平在MI后活性增强、表达增加,TIMP1蛋白含量减少。结论:SD大鼠MI后心肌组织内MMP2、9mRNA转录增加,TIMP1mRNA转录减少,MMP2、9活性增高和蛋白含量增加,TIMP1蛋白表达减少,胶原含量增加,Ⅰ/Ⅲ胶原比例下降,是参与心室重塑机制的重要组成部分。     

基质金属蛋白酶在类似人类2型糖尿病大鼠肾病中的研究

目的 动态研究基质金属蛋白酶－2（MMP－2）和其体内特异的抑制物－金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂－2（TIMP－2）在类似人类2型糖尿病大鼠肾组织的改变。方法 利用免疫组织化学观察Ⅳ型胶原在肾小球的表达,酶谱法测定肾皮质MMP－2的活性,蛋白印迹法检测肾皮质TIMP－2的含量,Northern Blot观察肾皮质MMP－2和TIMP－2的基因表达。结果 类似人类2型糖尿病大鼠肾小球Ⅳ型胶原成分表达增强,肾皮质MMP－2基因表达减弱（P＜0．01）;其活性进行性减少（P＜0．0001）,而TIMP－2基因表达（P＜0．01）及其含量逐渐增加（P＜0．01）。结论 类似人类2型糖尿病大鼠肾组织MMP－2活性进行性降低、TIMP－2含量增加,两者比例失衡为肾小球ECM成份沉积的重要原因之一,基质降解减弱也参与了2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏病变的发生和发展。     

基质金属蛋白酶-9和金属蛋白酶组织抑制物-1在IgA肾病肾组织中的表达

目的 探讨基质金属蛋白酶－9（MMP－9）／金属蛋白酶组织抑制物－1（TIMP－1）系统在IgA肾病肾组织中的表达及其对IgA肾病的进展的影响。方法 采用免疫组织化学和原位杂交技术,分别在蛋白质和基因水平检测38例IgA肾病患者肾组织中的MMP－9和TIMP－1的变化。结果 MMP－9在正常肾脏肾小球的脏层上皮细胞和内皮细胞有少量表达,在肾小管上皮细胞和间质血管壁也有少量表达;在IgA肾病中,MMP－9在系膜增殖性肾小球和间质血管壁的表达均明显增多（P＜0．001）,而在硬化肾小球内的表达则明显减少,肾小管细胞的MMP－9表达无明显变化。TIMP－1在正常肾组织中不能检出,在IgA肾病患者具有系膜增殖性病变的肾小球中有微量表达,在增殖在很重但尚未完全硬化的肾小球内表达增多,在肾小管间质表达最为明显（P＜0．001）,其主要见于肾小管细胞、间质细胞和血管内皮细胞。肾组织中的TIMP－1表达与血清肌酐水平呈显著相关（P＜0．05）,与肾小管间质的纤维化和炎细胞浸润程度亦明显相关（P值均＜0．01）。肾小球中的MMP－9表达与尿蛋白无明显相关性,但与血清肌酐水平呈显著负相关（P＜0．05）。结论 MMP－9和TIMP－1的异常表达可能是影响IgA肾病进展的因素之一。     

雌二醇对人成骨样细胞膜型基质金属蛋白酶1的影响

目的　观察雌二醇 (E2 )对人成骨肉瘤MG 6 3细胞株膜型基质金属蛋白酶 (MT1 MMP)的作用。方法　MG 6 3细胞MT1 MMP蛋白质表达用Western杂交和激光共聚焦显微系统免疫荧光法检测 ,MMP 2活性用明胶酶谱和酶联免疫吸附测定检测。结果　观察到E2 促进MG 6 3细胞MT1 MMP蛋白质表达 ,并呈剂量依赖关系 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,激光共聚焦显微系统免疫荧光法证实E2促进MT1 MMP蛋白质表达增强 ,MT1 MMP蛋白质表达于MG 6 3细胞的细胞膜和细胞质中。E2对MG 6 3细胞MMP 2活性无影响。结论　E2 促进MG 6 3细胞MT1 MMP表达。     

基质金属蛋白酶及其组织抑制剂与创面愈合研究进展

基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)是一组锌依赖性肽链内切酶,它们能够降解细胞外基质成分和非基质蛋白。在胚胎形成、正常组织重构、正常伤口愈合等生理过程中以及组织溃疡、肿瘤细胞的转移、类风湿关节炎和肺纤维化等病理过程中MMP均发挥重要作用。本文综述了MMP和金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂(TIMP)的结构、分类、特点和活性调节,并重点阐述了MMP和TIMP在急性和慢性创面中的表达变化及其在糖尿病足难愈或不愈过程中的作用。     

胃癌组织中MMP-9mRNA、TIMP-1mRNA的表达变化及意义

目的观察基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）-9及其抑制剂（TIMP一1）在胃癌组织中的表达变化,并探讨两者在胃癌发生、发展中的作用。方法采用逆liT—PCR法检测43份胃癌组织、35份癌旁组织和8份胃溃疡组织中MMP-9和TIMP-1的mRNA表达,分析两指标表达的相关性及与胃癌临床病理特征的关系。结果胃癌组织中MMP一9mRNA、TIMP一1mRNA表达均显著高于癌旁组织和胃溃疡组织,尤以T。级、有淋巴结转移、Ⅲ期者为著（P均〈0．05）;MMP-9mRNA、TIMP一1mRNA表达均与胃癌患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小及分化程度无关,与浸润深度、淋巴结转移及临床分期有关（P均〈0．05）。结论胃癌组织中MMP-9mRNA、TIMP一1mRNA的表达升高,且与肿瘤浸润、侵袭有关。     

Cytokine profile in colonic mucosa of ulcerative colitis correlates with disease activity and response to granulocytapheresis

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to clarify the correlation between cytokine profile in colonic mucosa with disease activity and response to granulocytapheresis (GCAP) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), using a reliable, reproducible quantitative method. METHODS: Colonoscopic biopsies of inflamed colonic mucosa (16 patients, 21 cases) and uninflamed colonic mucosa (25 patients, 33 cases) were obtained from UC patients. Messenger (m)RNA was extracted and subjected to realtime polymerase chain reaction for quantitative measurement of interleukin (IL)-12, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-4, IL-8, and IL-18 mRNAs. In seven patients with high disease activity despite prednisolone (PSL) treatment (> or = 20 mg/day), one course of GCAP was conducted, and pre- and post-GCAP cytokine profiles were determined. RESULTS: In inflamed colonic mucosa of UC patients, three cytokine profiles were observed: 1) high expression of interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-4 mRNAs but low expression of IL-8 mRNA; 2) high expression of IL-8 mRNA and low expression of others; and 3) low expression of all cytokines examined. Inflamed colonic mucosa of patients with high disease activity showed the second pattern. Inflamed colonic mucosa of patients who were not treated with PSL and who had low disease activity showed the first pattern, whereas those on high-dose PSL exhibited the second pattern. IL-8 mRNA was significantly higher in inflamed UC samples than in uninflamed samples. GCAP was effective in five of seven PSL-resistant patients (71.4%). IL-8 was the only cytokine that correlated with effectiveness of GCAP. Compared with GCAP nonresponders, responders had significantly higher IL-8 mRNA before GCAP and showed marked reduction of IL-8 mRNA after GCAP. CONCLUSIONS: IL-8 mRNA was significantly increased in inflamed mucosa of UC. Patients with high IL-8 mRNA expression in colonic mucosa despite PSL treatment were responsive to GCAP. Therefore, quantitative measurement of mucosal IL-8 mRNA may be useful in predicting the response to GCAP.     

Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in ulcerative colitis

INTRODUCTION Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, non-specific inflammatory disease of the colonic mucosa with unknown etiology and pathogenesis. Pathologically, it is characterized by ulceration in the mucosal and submucosal areas, and degradation of ex…     

溃疡性结肠炎中防御素、一氧化氮和丙二醛的表达

背景：溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种慢性非特异性肠道炎症性疾病，其病因尚不明确。近年来，防御素家族在先天免疫中的作用受到广泛关注。目的：研究UC患者结肠组织中中性粒细胞防御素人中性粒细胞肽（HNP）1-3与一氧化氮（NO）、丙二醛（MDA）的相关性，了解三者在UC发病中的作用。方法：以逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）检测16例活动期UC患者结肠组织和10例正常结肠组织中HNP1-3mRNA的表达，分别以硝酸还原酶法和硫代巴比妥酸（TBA）显色法检测结肠组织NO和MDA水平。结果：UC患者结肠组织HNP1-3mRNA和NO、MDA的表达水平显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．01），其中UC受累黏膜又显著高于未受累黏膜（P〈0．01）。UC受累黏膜中HNP1-3mRNA与NO、MDA的表达具有显著相关性（rs^1=0．643，P〈0．01；rs^1=0．831，P〈0．01）。结论：HNP1-3可能参与了UC结肠组织的炎症损伤过程，NO和MDA可能与HNP1-3协同发挥作用。     

Increased leukotriene B4 release from ileal pouch mucosa in ulcerative colitis compared with familial adenomatous polyposis.

Pouchitis may complicate the construction of an ileal pouch after colectomy for ulcerative colitis (UC) but not familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). To examine whether differences in eicosanoid metabolism might explain why pouchitis is largely confined to UC patients, this study compared arachidonic acid stimulated release of immunoreactive leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from macroscopically uninflamed pouch mucosal biopsy specimens incubated in vitro from patients with UC and FAP. The study also compared eicosanoid release from inflamed and uninflamed pouches in patients with UC. In uninflamed pouches, median LTB4 release was nearly twice as high in UC as in FAP (p = 0.001), but there was no significant difference in PGE2 production. In UC, stimulated eicosanoid release from uninflamed functioning pouch mucosa was not significantly different from that from either ileostomy or defunctioned pouch mucosa. LTB4 and PGE2 release were significantly greater from inflamed than uninflamed pouch mucosa in UC (p = 0.001 and 0.01, respectively). Leukotriene synthesis inhibition or receptor antagonism, or both merit therapeutic evaluation in pouchitis. Increased release of LTB4 from endoscopically normal pouch mucosa suggests increased 5-lipoxygenase activity in patients with UC and could contribute to their predisposition to pouchitis.     

Changes in the expression and distribution of the inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in mucosal biopsy specimens of inflammatory bowel disease

OBJECTIVE: The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and localization of nitric oxide synthase isoforms (iNOS, eNOS) in IBD colonic mucosa. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-four patients with IBD (24 ulcerative colitis (UC), 20 Crohn's disease (CD) and 16 controls) were investigated by colonoscopy. iNOS and eNOS in tissue sections was demonstrated by histochemistry (NADPH-diaphorase reaction) and immunohistochemistry. Cell type analysis and quantitative assessment of the iNOS immunoreactive (IR) cells and densitometry of iNOS in immunoblots were also performed. RESULTS: iNOS-IR cells were significantly numerous in inflamed mucosa of UC (64+/-4 cells/mm2) than in CD (4+/-2 cells/mm2). iNOS-IR/CD15-IR cells showed significant elevation in inflamed (i) versus uninflamed (u) UC mucosa (UCu 8+/-3%, UCi 85+/-10%) In CD, the percentage of iNOS-IR/CD68-IR cells was lower in inflamed sites (CDu 23+/-8%, CDi 4+/-3%). Immunoblot of biopsies revealed significant elevation of iNOS in active UC compared with uninflamed sites, whereas in CD no significant changes were detected. Differences were observed in eNOS and endothelial marker CD31 immunoreactivity. In patients with UC and in controls the ratios of eNOS/CD31-IR vessels were 82.3% and 92.0% respectively, whereas in CD the ratio was 8.3% with a concomitantly significant increase of CD31-IR vessels. The distribution and morphological characteristics of the NOS-IR inflammatory cells and endothelia were similar to those showing NADPH-diaphorase reactivity. CONCLUSIONS: Differences observed in the expression and distribution of NOS isoforms in immune and endothelial cells may contribute to better understanding of the structural and physiological changes in UC and CD.     

Impaired Synthesis or Cellular Storage of Norepinephrine, Dopamine, and 5-Hydroxytryptamine in Human Inflammatory Bowel Disease

The present study was aimed at evaluating the extent of dysfunction of the enteroendocrine and enteric nervous system, as indicated by changes in tissue levels of monoamines (dopamine, DA; norepinephrine, NE; 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and their precursors and metabolites in the colonic mucosa of patients afflicted with ulcerative colitis (UC, N = 21) and Crohn's disease (CD, N = 22). In CD, but not in UC, NE tissue levels in both the noninflamed and inflamed colonic mucosa were markedly lower than in control subjects (N = 16). In the inflamed mucosa of CD and in UC patients levels of l-DOPA were twice those in controls. DA levels in the inflamed mucosa of CD and UC patients were markedly lower than in controls. This resulted in significant reductions in DA/l-DOPA tissue ratios, a rough measure of l-amino acid decarboxylase activity. 5-HT levels in the inflamed mucosa of CD and UC patients were markedly lower than in controls. In conclusion, intestinal cellular structures responsible for the synthesis and storage of DA, NE, and 5-HT may have been affected by the associated inflammatory process in both CD and UC.     

心房颤动患者心房组织中明胶酶的基因表达及活性变化

目的　检测明胶酶及其内源性抑制剂金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子(TIMPs)和基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)在心房颤动(房颤)患者心房组织中的表达和明胶酶活性的变化,探讨房颤患者心房结构重构的分子机制。方法　75例风湿性心脏瓣膜病(风心病)接受换瓣手术者分为三组,其中窦性心律组 34例,阵发性房颤组 11例,持续性房颤组 30例;于术中获取右心耳组织,分别采用半定量逆转录 聚合酶链反应技术和免疫印迹法测定MMP 2、MMP 9、TIMP 1、TIMP 2的mRNA含量和蛋白含量,酶谱法测定MMP 2、MMP 9的活性。结果　(1)与窦性心律组比较,MMP 2的mRNA水平在阵发性房颤组、持续性房颤组心房组织中均明显增加(P<0 01,P<0 001);各组患者MMP 9的mRNA水平相似。持续性房颤组MMP 2、MMP 9的蛋白表达水平较窦性心律组、阵发性房颤组均明显增加 (P<0 01)。阵发性房颤组MMP 2、MMP 9的蛋白表达水平较窦性心律组亦明显增加 (均为P<0 05 )。(2)与窦性心律组比较,持续性房颤组TIMP 1、TIMP 2的mRNA及蛋白表达水平均明显下调 (P<0 05~0 01)。(3)与窦性心律组比较,持续性房颤组、阵发性房颤组MMP 2、MMP 9的活性均明显增加(P<0 05~0 01),持续性房颤组的MMP 9活性较阵发性房颤组亦明显增加 (P<0 01 )。( 4 )MMP 2、MMP 9的mRNA及蛋白表达水平与左心房内