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H. Qiu M. Wang D. Mi Jizong Zhao W. Tu Q. Liu 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2017,21(7):766-771
Purpose
In this study, we determined serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] levels in serum, and investigated their associations with risk of recurrent stroke and mortality in a 24-month follow up study in Chinese patients with first-ever ischemic stroke.Methods
In this preplanned post hoc analysis, serum levels of 25(OH) D and NIH stroke scale (NIHSS) were measured at the time of admission in a cohort of patients with ischemic stroke. We used logistic regression model to assess the relationship between 25(OH) D levels and risk recurrent stroke or mortality.Results
The follow-up rate was 98.2% in 220 stroke patients. Of 216 patients, 18.5% (95%CI: 13.3%–23.7%) patients had a stroke recurrence, and 30.1% (95% CI: 24.0%–36.2%) died. After adjustment for traditional risk factors, serum 25(OH) D levels were negatively associated with the risk of stroke recurrence (odds ratio [OR], 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70–0.85; P< 0.001) and negatively associated with mortality during 24 months of follow-up (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.64–0.80; P< 0.001). Compared with the first quartile of serum 25(OH) D levels, the ORs for stroke recurrence and mortality were as follows: second quartile, 0.80 (95% CI, 0.63–0.93) and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.65–0.89); third quartile, 0.42 (95% CI, 0.31–0.55) and 0.39 (95% CI, 0.30–0.52); fourth quartile, 0.12 (95% CI, 0.07–0.19) and 0.10 (95% CI, 0.06–0.15), respectively.Conclusions
Lower serum levels of 25(OH) D are independently associated with the stroke recurrence and mortality at 24 months in ischemic stroke patients.2.
W. Ji H. Zhou S. Wang L. Cheng Yan Fang 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2017,21(8):892-896
Objective
To evaluate the association between serum 25(OH) D levels and functional outcome and stroke recurrence events in a 6-month follow-up study in a cohort of patients with an acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods
From March 2014 to August 2015, consecutive first-ever AIS patients admitted to the Department of Emergency of our hospital were identified. Serum 25(OH) D levels were measured at admission. Functional outcome was evaluated at 6-month using the modified Rankin scale (m-Rankin). We used logistic regression models to assess the relationship between 25(OH) levels and risk of recurrent stroke or functional outcome.Results
We recorded 277 stroke patients. There were significantly negative correlation between levels of 25(OH) D and NHISS (P<0.001), and the infarct volume (P< 0.001). Thirty-one patients (11.9%) had a stroke recurrence, while 82 patients (29.6) were with poor functional outcomes. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, serum 25(OH) D level was an independent marker of poor functional outcome and stroke recurrence [odds ratio (OR) 2.55 (1.38-3.96) and 3.03(1.65–4.12), respectively, P<0.001 for both, adjusted for NHISS, other predictors and vascular risk factors] in patients with AIS.Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that low 25(OH) D levels are associated with stroke recurrence and support the hypothesis that 25(OH) D may serve as a biomarker of poor functional outcome after stroke.3.
Objectives
To investigate the association between serum circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] concentrations and exacerbation risk in Chinese patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS).Methods
From January 2014 to December 2014, consecutive RR-MS patients admitted to the Department of Neurology of our hospital were identified. Blood samples for 25(OH) D measurements were taken at admission. All included patients visited the outpatient clinic of our hospital 1 year after admission. The influence of serum 25[OH] D levels on exacerbation was performed by binary logistic regression analysis.Results
In this study, 109 patients finished the follow-up. Median follow-up time was 1 year (range 1.0–1.1). Twenty-one out of the 109 was at risk period for infection. A total of 32 patients experienced a total of 76 exacerbations during the study. In the follow-up, a total of 32 patients experienced exacerbations. Thus, the exacerbation rate was 29.4% (95%CI: 20.8%-37.9%). Exacerbation rates were found to decrease with increasing levels of serum 25-OH-D concentrations. For the quartiles category, the risk of an exacerbation was significantly increased in the group with first quartile compared to the group with fourth. Rate ratios for the first, second and third group were 4.2, 3.3 and 2.0, respectively (p for trend =0.011) when compared with the fourth group. Simultaneous evaluation of quartile categories of levels of serum 25(OH) D and infections showed that both factors were related to the exacerbation rate.Conclusion
The data demonstrates that lower vitamin D status is a sign of more active disease in patients with RR-MS and suggests a beneficial effect of vitamin D on disease course in MS.4.
Thomas?Krams M.?Cesari S.?Guyonnet G.?Abellan van Kan C.?Cantet B.?Vellas Y.?Rolland The Geriatric Frailty Clinic For Assessment of Frailty Prevention of Disability Teams 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2016,20(10):1034-1039
Introduction
The phenotype proposed by Fried and colleagues is a widely used operational definition of frailty defining such state of extreme vulnerability of older persons. Low serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) has been suggested as biomarker of frailty in literature.Study design
Cross-sectional.Objectives
To explore the association of 25(OH)D concentrations with the frailty phenotype and its criteria.Methods
321 subjects referred by their general practitioner to a geriatric frailty clinic were assessed between January 1, 2013 and September 23, 2013. Adjusted logistic regression models were performed between serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and the frailty phenotype (global score as well as its specific criteria). Receivers operating curves were established in order to explore the existence of a possible threshold of vitamin D levels highly predictive of frailty.Results
Two hundred forty-one (75%) participants had 25(OH)D levels lower than 22 ng/ml. No significant association was reported between 25(OH)D levels and frailty. Among the five criteria of frailty, 25(OH)D was only associated with sedentariness (odds ratio 0.97 [95% confidence interval 0.95-0.99]).Conclusion
In our sample, no association was found between 25(OH)D levels and phenotype of frailty or the different frailty criterion except for sedentariness.5.
C. Trevisan Nicola Veronese L. Berton S. Carraro F. Bolzetta M. de Rui F. Miotto E. M. Inelmen A. Coin E. Perissinotto E. Manzato G. Sergi 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2017,21(2):131-135
Objective
Older women have frequently low serum 25-hydroxivitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations, high parathormone (PTH) levels and low bone mineral density (BMD) values. Endogenous synthesis, dietary habits, sunlight exposure and fat-mass-mediated storage may influence 25(OH)D levels and bone metabolism, but the relevance of these factors in the elderly has yet to be fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the influence of dietary vitamin D intake and fat mass on serum 25(OH)D levels and bone metabolism in older women.Design
Cross-sectional.Setting
Community.Participants
218 fit older women attending a biweekly mild fitness program.Measurements
Dietary habits was investigated through a 3-day record questionnaire. Serum 25(OH)D and intact parathormone (PTH) concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay and by a 2-step immunoradiometric assay, respectively. BMD and body composition were estimated using dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry with fan-beam technology.Results
Only fat mass showed a significant negative association with 25(OH)D (β=-3.76, p<0.001), and positive associations with whole body, lumbar, femoral neck and total hip BMD. Binary logistic analysis revealed a protective effect of adiposity on secondary hyperparathyroidism (OR=0.42, 95%CI:0.19-0.92, p=0.03). Dietary vitamin D intake was not associated to any of these outcomes.Conclusion
Fat mass has a greater influence on serum 25(OH)D than dietary vitamin D intake.6.
Alexis McKee S. M. Lima Ribeiro T. K. Malmstrom H. M. PerryIII D. K. Miller S. S. Farr M. L. Niehoff S. G. Albert 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2018,22(9):1045-1050
Objectives
There is debate surrounding the adequacy of total and free 25 hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in black Americans who have inherently high bone mineral density [BMD] and low serum concentration of vitamin D binding proteins [VDBP].Design
Retrospective analysis of serum samples and BMD analyses from the African American Health Study [AAHS] cohort.Setting
The AAHS is a population-based longitudinal study initiated to examine issues of disability and frailty among urban-dwelling black Americans in the city of Saint Louis, Missouri.Participants
122 men and 206 women, age 60.2 ± 4.3 years.Intervention
Retrospective analysis.Measurements
Total 25(OH)D, VDBP, PTH, and BMD of the lumbar spine and hip by dual energy x-ray photometry (DXA). Free and bioavailable vitamin D levels were calculated using serum concentrations and affinity constants for the VDBP (Gc1F and Gc1S) phenotypes.Results
Serum total 25(OH) D levels were 14.6 ± 8.9 ng/mL (36 ± 22 nmol/L). Vitamin D insufficiency was estimated by compensatory elevations of PTH above the normal range (> 65 pg/mL). PTH levels were within the normal reference range in > 95% of the samples at total 25(OH)D levels ≥ 20 ng/mL (≥50 nmol/L). There was no difference in the correlation of the reciprocal relationship of vitamin D vs parathyroid hormone between the VDBP phenotypes. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that serum total 25(OH)D discriminated sufficiency from insufficiency at least as well as the calculated levels of the free and bioavailable vitamin D. Very low levels of total 25(OH)D (≤ 8 ng/mL, ≤20 nmol/L) were associated with decreased BMD (p=0.02), but higher levels of 25(OH)D did not show statistical differences in BMD.Conclusion
Total 25(OH)D levels of ≤ 8ng/mL (≤20 nmol/L) are associated with clinically significant changes in BMD, whereas total 25(OH)D levels ≥ 20 ng/mL (≥50 nmol/L) suppressed PTH and were not associated with deficiencies in BMD. Lower levels of 25(OH)D may be acceptable for bone health in black than in white Americans.7.
Objectives
To examine differences in hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations between Caucasian and African American (AA) postmenopausal women, as well as the effects of dietary calcium, protein and vitamin D intakes on 25(OH)D, PTH, and body adiposity using structural equation modeling (SEM).Design
Population-based prospective cohort study.Setting
Academic research using the baseline data from two longitudinal studies.Participants
Included n=113 Caucasian and n=40 African American, postmenopausal women who completed the baseline data collection and met inclusion criteria (dietary calcium intake <900 mg/day and being generally healthy) between 2006 and 2010.Main Outcome
Dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D, assessed by dietary records, were examined in relation to calcitropic hormones concentrations and adiposity markers. Independent t-tests, confirmatory factor analysis, SEM and multi-group analyses were conducted to examine the aforementioned relationships as well as group differences among hormones, dietary intake, anthropometrics, age and other factors.Results
Dietary calcium and protein intakes were significantly lower in AA women. Years since menopause were significantly higher in AA compared to Caucasian women. PTH and 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in AA compared to Caucasian women. Dietary calcium and protein intakes did not influence body adiposity in either group of women. Dietary vitamin D had minimal indirect (via 25(OH)D levels) influence on adiposity.Conclusion
The study confirmed the positive relationship of 25(OH)D with adiposity markers and both AA and Caucasian women. The study provides a unique example of the use of SEM in nutrition research within a clinical context. This model should be further tested in other populations.8.
Reshma A. Merchant R. M. van Dam L. W. L. Tan M. Y. Lim J. L. Low J. E. Morley 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2018,22(9):1060-1065
Introduction
Low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) has been associated with many negative health outcomes including falls and fractures. 25(OH)D is largely bound to vitamin D binding protein (VDBP). There is increasing evidence that free or bioavailable 25(OH)D may be a better measure of vitamin D deficiency.Objective
To determine the prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency and VDBP levels in multi-ethnic population, and its impact on muscle strength.Design and methods
Cross-sectional study of older adults in Western region of Singapore. 295 participants from three ethnic groups were selected from the Healthy Older People Everyday (HOPE) cohort for measurements of total 25(OH)D and VDBP levels. Total 25(OH)D, VDBP, frailty status, Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG) and grip strength (GS) were assessed. Albumin, free and bioavailable 25(OH)D were only available for 256 participants.Results
53% of Malay and 55% of Indians were deficient in 25(OH)D compared with 18.2% of ethnic Chinese participants. Chinese also had higher total 25(OH)D concentrations with a mean of 29.1 ug/l, (p = <0.001). Chinese had the lowest level of VDBP (169.6ug/ml) followed by Malay (188.8 ug/ml) and Indian having the highest (220.1 ug/ml). Calculated bioavailable and free 25(OH)D levels were significantly higher in Chinese, followed by Malays and Indians, which also correlated with better grip strength measures amongst the Chinese.Conclusion
The Malays and Indians had overall lower free, bioavailable and total 25(OH)D compared with ethnic Chinese. Chinese ethnic group also had the lowest VDBP and better overall grip strength.9.
Åsa von Berens T. Cederholm R. A. Fielding T. Gustafsson D. Kirn J. Laussen M. Nydahl T. G. Travison K. Reid A. Koochek 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2018,22(1):1-7
Objectives
To examine the potential association between serum 25(OH) vitamin D and the performance on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) including the sub-components; five repeated chair stands test, 4 meters walk test and balance in older mobility-limited community-dwelling men and women.Design
A cross sectional study was performed in American and Swedish subjects who were examined for potential participation in a combined exercise and nutrition intervention trial. Logistic regression analysis and linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association for 25(OH)D with the overall score on the SBBP, chair stand, gait speed and balance.Participants
Community-dwelling (mean age 77.6 ± 5.3 years) mobility limited American (n=494) and Swedish (n=116) females (59%) and males.Measurements
The SPPB (0-12 points) includes chair stand (s), gait speed (m/s) and a balance test. Mobility limitation i.e., SPPB score ≤ 9 was an inclusion criterion. A blood sample was obtained to measure serum 25(OH)vitamin D concentrations.Results
No clear association of 25(OH)D with SPPB scores was detected either when 25(OH)D was assessed as a continuous variable or when categorized according to serum concentrations of <50, 50-75 or <75 nmol/L. However, when analyzing the relationship between 25(OH)D and seconds to perform the chair stands, a significant quadratic relationship was observed. Thus, at serum levels of 25(OH)D above 74 nmol/L, higher concentrations appeared to be advantageous for the chair stand test, whereas for serum levels below 74 nmol/L this association was not observed.Conclusion
This cross- sectional study lacked clear association between serum 25(OH)D and physical performance in mobility limited adults. A potentially interesting observation was that at higher serum levels of 25(OH)D a better performance on the chair stand test was indicated.10.
Neide Alessandra Perigo Nascimento P. F. P. Moreira R. V. Marin L. D. F. Moreira M. Lazaretti Castro C. A. F. Santos C. M. A. Filho M. Seabra Cendoroglo 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2016,20(4):376-382
Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate if there is a relation among 25(OH)D, aquatic training, and multifunctional fitness on functional performance of elderly woman from the community. Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting
Community.Participants
We evaluated elderly women aged ≥ 60 years (67±5 years old). One-hundred eighty were engaged in aquatic training (AT), 119 in multifunctional fitness (MF) for at least one year, and sedentary group (SED) with 162 independent elderly women from the community centers who had not practicing any regular physical exercise at least one year before.Measurements
Timed up-and-go (TUG), 2-minute step test (2MST), 30-second chair stand (CS), arm curl (AC), functional reach test (FRT), unipedal balance test (UB) with visual control, handgrip right (HR) and handgrip left (HL) portable dynamometer for strength hip flexors (Hip strength) and knee extensors (Knee strength), serum 25(OH)D, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), and creatinine clearance.Results
Physical and functional tests showed differences among the three groups (ST; TUG, CS, AC, FR and USB = p <0.001). The PTH and the TUG test correlated inversely with 25(OH)D (r = -0.29 - p <0.001/ r = - 0.16 - p <0.001), also between 25(OH)D and BMI for AT and MF groups respectively (r= -0,15; p=0,04/ r= - 0,19; p=0,036). The AC test showed positive correlation (r = 0, 1 - p <0.001). The age and 25(OH)D were controlled and assumed to be a covariates in the statistical analysis that employed ANCOVA. There was difference on the performance of TUG test (p= 0.049).Conclusion
TUG performance was associated with age, exercise type and serum levels of 25(OH)D. The 25(OH)D insufficiency was common in elderly women from subtropical areas.11.
Michael P. Corcoran K. K. H. Chui D. K. White K. F. Reid D. Kirn M. E. Nelson J. M. Sacheck S. C. Folta R. A. Fielding 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2016,20(7):752-758
Objectives
To describe levels of physical activity among older adults residing at assisted care facilities and their association with physical function.Design
Cross-sectional analysis.Setting
Assisted care facilities within the greater Boston, MA area.Participants
Older adults aged 65 years and older (N = 65).Measurements
Physical Activity Level (PAL) as defined by quartiles from accelerometry (counts and steps), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) Score, gait speed, and handgrip strength.Results
Participants in the most active accelerometry quartile engaged in 25 minutes/week of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and walked 2,150 steps/day. These individuals had an SPPB score, 400 meter walk speed, and handgrip strength that was 3.7–3.9 points, 0.3–0.4 meters/second, and 4.5–5.1 kg greater respectively, than individuals in the lowest activity quartile, who engaged in less than 5 min/wk of MVPA or took fewer than 460 steps/day.Conclusion
Despite engaging in physical activity levels far below current recommendations (150 min/week of MVPA or > 7000 steps/day), the most active older adults in this study exhibited clinically significant differences in physical function relative to their less active peers. While the direction of causality cannot be determined from this cross-sectional study, these findings suggest a strong association between PAL and physical function among older adults residing in an assisted care facility.12.
Background
The aim of this study is to investigate whether serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) free fatty acid (FFA) levels are associated with outcome and recurrence in a cohort of patients with an acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods
From December 2013 to May 2015, patients with first-ever AIS were included. FFA level and NIH stroke scale (NIHSS) were measured at the time of admission. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the stroke outcome and recurrence according to FFA level. Clinical follow-up was performed at 6 month.Results
In our study, we studied 296 patients (52.7% male). We have found a positive correlation between serum and CSF levels of FFA. Patients with a poor outcome and recurrence had significantly increased FFA serum and CSF levels on admission (all p<0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for common risk factors showed that FFA was an independent predictor of poor functional outcome and recurrence. Odds ratios (OR) values were more significant for the higher levels of FFA.Conclusion
In summary, baseline serum and CSF FFA level were associated with stroke poor function outcome and recurrence, suggesting an effect of FFA on disease course in AIS.13.
Helena?H.?Hauta-alus Elisa?M.?Holmlund-Suila Hannu?J.?Rita Maria?Enlund-Cerullo Jenni?Rosendahl Saara?M.?Valkama Otto?M.?Helve Timo?K.?Hytinantti Helj?-Marja?Surcel Outi?M.?M?kitie Sture?Andersson Heli?T.?Viljakainen
Purpose
The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to define maternal and umbilical cord blood (UCB) 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) to characterize maternal factors modifying 25(OH)D during pregnancy and predict UCB 25(OH)D in two subgroups with Declined [Δ25(OH)D?<0 nmol/l] and Increased [Δ25(OH)D?>0 nmol/l] 25(OH)D concentration.Methods
A complete dataset was available from 584 women. 25(OH)D was determined at gestational weeks 6–13 and in UCB. Baseline characteristics were collected retrospectively using questionnaires. Δ25(OH)D was calculated as UCB 25(OH)D?early pregnancy 25(OH)D. Dietary patterns were generated with principal component analysis. Multivariate regression models were applied.Results
Vitamin D deficiency was scarce, since only 1% had 25(OH)D concentration?<50 nmol/l both in early pregnancy and in UCB. Shared positive predictors of UCB 25(OH)D in the subgroups of Declined and Increased, were early pregnancy 25(OH)D (P?<?0.001) and supplemental vitamin D intake (P?<?0.04). For the Increased subgroup summer season at delivery (P?=?0.001) and “sandwich and dairy” dietary pattern characterized with frequent consumption of vitamin D fortified margarine and milk products (P?=?0.009) were positive predictors of UCB 25(OH)D. Physical activity (P?=?0.041) and maternal education (P?=?0.004) were additional positive predictors in the Declined groupConclusions
Maternal and newborn vitamin D status was sufficient, thus public health policies in Finland have been successful. The key modifiable maternal determinants for 25(OH)D during pregnancy, and of the newborn, were supplemental vitamin D intake, frequent consumption of vitamin D fortified foods, and physical activity.14.
Midori Ishikawa T. Yokoyama N. Murayama 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2017,21(10):1095-1101
Objective
The objective of this study was to identify lifestyle and nutritional factors associated with low BMI in Japanese older adults, with a focus on alcohol energy intake.Design
Cross-sectional study. Participants: Data from 1,093 respondents (711 men and 382 women) to the National Health and Nutrition Survey aged 65 years and older were included in this study.Measurements
Data were analyzed for associations between BMI and lifestyle, energy, and nutrient intake. Alcohol energy intake was calculated from total energy and participants were categorized into BMI quartiles. Energy-adjusted nutrient intakes were calculated as residuals from a regression model, with BMI as the independent variable and lifestyle factors and nutrient intake as dependent variables. Between-BMI quartile differences were assessed for each sex using multivariate logistic regression analysis. In addition, the nutrient intakes of men consuming more than 280 kcal and less than 280 kcal of alcohol energy per day were compared.Results
Men and women in the lowest BMI quartile had lower total energy intake but higher alcohol energy intake than men in the other BMI quartiles. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the lowest BMI quartile was associated with total energy (OR: 0.81, p = 0.0310) and alcohol energy intake (OR: 1.22, p = 0.0472) in men. In men, protein, carbohydrate, fat, calcium, iron, and vitamin intakes were less in those that consumed ≥ 280 kcal than in those that consumed < 280 kcal of alcohol per day.Conclusion
Our results demonstrate an association between alcohol energy intake and low BMI in older Japanese individuals.15.
Roger A. Fielding T. G. Travison D. R. Kirn A. Koochek K. F. Reid Å. von Berens H. Zhu S. C. Folta J. M. Sacheck M. E. Nelson C. K. Liu A. C. Åberg M. Nydahl M. Lilja T. Gustafsson T. Cederholm 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2017,21(9):936-942
Objectives
The interactions between nutritional supplementation and physical activity on changes in physical function among older adults remain unclear. The primary objective of this study was to examine the impact of nutritional supplementation plus structured physical activity on 400M walk capacity in mobility-limited older adults across two sites (Boston, USA and Stockholm, Sweden).Design
All subjects participated in a physical activity program (3x/week for 24 weeks), involving walking, strength, balance, and flexibility exercises. Subjects were randomized to a daily nutritional supplement (150kcal, 20g whey protein, 800 IU vitamin D) or placebo (30kcal, non-nutritive).Setting
Participants were recruited from urban communities at 2 field centers in Boston MA USA and Stockholm SWE.Participants
Mobility-limited (Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) ≤9) and vitamin D insufficient (serum 25(OH) D 9 - 24 ng/ml) older adults were recruited for this study.Measurements
Primary outcome was gait speed assessed by the 400M walk. Results: 149 subjects were randomized into the study (mean age=77.5±5.4; female=46.3%; mean SPPB= 7.9±1.2; mean 25(OH)D=18.7±6.4 ng/ml). Adherence across supplement and placebo groups was similar (86% and 88%, respectively), and was also similar across groups for the physical activity intervention (75% and 72%, respectively). Both groups demonstrated an improvement in gait speed with no significant difference between those who received the nutritional supplement compared to the placebo (0.071 and 0.108 m/s, respectively (p=0.06)). Similar effects in physical function were observed using the SPPB. Serum 25(OH)D increased in supplemented group compared to placebo 7.4 ng/ml versus 1.3 ng/ml respectively.Conclusion
Results suggest improved gait speed following physical activity program with no further improvement with added nutritional supplementation.16.
Objective
This study examined the associations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D3] and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentrations with bone status parameters in elderly subjects.Design/Setting
Cross-sectional data based on the follow-up 2008 of the longitudinal study on nutrition and health status of senior citizens in Giessen, Germany.Participants
One hundred eighty-eight independently living subjects aged 66–96 years.Measurements
Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3, iPTH, N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (P1NP) and activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were assessed. Broadband ultrasound attenuation, speed of sound and stiffness index were determined by calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to analyse associations of 25(OH)D3 and iPTH with bone status parameters.Results
Median (range) 25(OH)D3 and iPTH concentrations were 62.8 (29.9–106.7) nmol/L and 4.6 (1.3–21.0) pmol/L, respectively. Neither 25(OH)D3 nor iPTH was associated with calcaneal bone characteristics measured by QUS, whereas negative associations between 25(OH)D3 and bone formation markers (P1NP and ALP) were found. In a sub analysis, 25(OH)D3 was negatively associated with ALP only in subjects with iPTH concentrations > 4.59 pmol/L.Conclusion
The present study provides no evidence for independent associations of 25(OH)D3 and iPTH with calcaneal bone characteristics in community-dwelling elderly subjects with 25(OH)D3 concentrations between 30 and 107 nmol/L. However, 25(OH)D3 interacts with bone formation markers, particularly in subjects with high iPTH concentrations.17.
H. S. Han C. B. Chang D.-C. Lee Jee-Yon Lee 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2017,21(7):750-758
Objectives
Knee pain is one of the most common symptoms of knee osteoarthritis (OA) that affects the quality of life in the older adults, and identifying the contributing factors of knee pain is important. We hypothesized that higher fruit and vegetable consumption might be associated with the severity of knee pain lower prevalence of severe knee pain by affecting pain perception in the knee joint. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between self-reported knee pain and the consumption of fruits vegetables, carotenoids and vitamin C and self-reported knee pain.Design
Nationally representative cross sectional study.Setting
2010-2011 rounds of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Participants
A total of 6588 subjects aged ≥50 years were participated.Methods
Severity of knee pain was estimated using a 10-point numeric rating scale (NRS). Daily intake of fruits, vegetables, and vitamins were estimated using data from 24-hour recalls and food frequency questionnaires.Results
The NRS scores of knee pain decreased significantly with increasing fruit and vegetable intake quartiles. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the fourth quartile of vegetable and fruit consumption was associated with decreased prevalence of severe knee pain (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.48-0.73) compared with first quartile of vegetable and fruit consumption; however, carotenoids and vitamin C consumption was not associated with the severity of knee pain.Conclusions
In conclusion, severe knee pain was independently associated with fruit and vegetable consumption. Our findings suggest that intake of whole fruits and vegetables may help improve knee pain in older adults.18.
Purpose
Despite an acknowledged dearth of data on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations from Southern European countries, inter-country comparison is hampered by inconsistent data reporting. The purpose of the current study was to conduct a systematic literature review of available data on serum 25(OH)D concentrations and estimate vitamin D status in Southern European and Eastern Mediterranean countries, both at a population level and within key population subgroups, stratified by age, sex, season and country.Methods
A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify and retrieve scientific articles reporting data on serum 25(OH)D concentration and/or vitamin D status following standard procedures.Results
Data were extracted from 107 studies, stratified by sex and age group, representing 630,093 individuals. More than one-third of the studies reported mean 25(OH)D concentrations below 50 nmol/L and ~?10% reported mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations below 25 nmol/L. Overall, females, neonates/ infants and adolescents had the higher prevalence of poor vitamin D status. As expected, there was considerable variability between studies. Specifically, mean 25(OH)D ranged from 6.0 (in Italian centenarians) to 158 nmol/L (in elderly Turkish men); the prevalence of serum 25(OH)D?<?50 nmol/L ranged from 6.8 to 97.9% (in Italian neonates).Conclusions
Contrary to expectations, there was a high prevalence of low vitamin D status in the Southern Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean regions, despite abundant sunshine. These data further emphasize the need for strategies, such as fortification of foods with vitamin D and/or vitamin D supplementation, which will be tailored to the needs of specific population groups with higher risk of insufficiency or deficiency, to efficiently tackle the pandemic of hypovitaminosis D in Europe.19.
Purpose
Vitamin D may reduce telomere shortening through anti-inflammatory and anti-cell proliferation mechanisms. In women, higher plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) has been shown to be associated with longer telomere length, but the relationship has not been assessed in men.Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 25(OH)D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) and relative leukocyte telomere length (LTL) among 2483 men [1832 men for 1,25(OH)2D] who were selected as cases and controls in three studies of telomeres and cancer nested within the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We also genotyped 95 SNPs representing common genetic variation in vitamin D pathway genes. LTL was measured by quantitative PCR, and z-scores within each study were calculated. Associations were assessed by linear as well as logistic regression adjusting for age and other potential confounders.Results
Age (P-trend < 0.0001), pack-years of smoking (P-trend = 0.04) and body mass index (P-trend = 0.05) were inversely associated with LTL. Neither 25(OH)D nor 1,25(OH)2D was associated with LTL (multivariable-adjusted P-trend 0.69 and 0.41, respectively, for the linear regression model). One SNP in the retinoid X receptor alpha gene was associated with long LTL (P = 0.0003).Conclusions
In this cross-sectional study of men, 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D were not associated with relative LTL.20.