颅内血管周细胞瘤的影像学特点及显微外科手术治疗

目的探讨颅内血管周细胞瘤(HPC)的影像学特点及显微外科手术方法。方法回顾性分析显微外科手术治疗的26例颅内HPC患者的临床资料;包括影像学检查、手术方法及手术疗效。结果16例颅内HPC患者术前影像学诊断与术后病理诊断一致,6例患者术前被误诊为脑膜瘤,4例患者误诊为血管母细胞瘤。手术效果:肿瘤全切除者17例,次全切除5例,部分切除4例,无死亡患者。全部患者术后均行局部放疗。术后随访6~42个月,3例患者肿瘤复发。结论颅内HPC的影像学表现具有一定特点,仔细分析其影像学特点可提高术前诊断率。根据肿瘤的影像学表现制定手术方案,以及娴熟的显微外科技术,术中控制好出血,是提高颅内HPC全切除率和提高手术疗效的关键。     

17例颅内血管外皮细胞瘤临床分析

目的评估颅内血管外皮细胞瘤(HPC)全切除和辅助放疗的效果。方法通过对2006-01—2014-12我院17例颅内HPC病例回顾性研究,分析其临床表现、病理学特征、影像学表现、治疗效果和随访结果。结果患者确诊年龄在19~71(46.2±9.3)岁,男12例(70.6%),女5例(29.4%)。大部分肿瘤位于矢状窦旁和大脑镰旁。17例均行开颅手术,其中全切10例(58.8%),近全切7例(41.2%),12例(70.1%)接受术后辅助放疗。术后随访12~106(69.18±5.72)个月。局部复发率41.2%(6/17),无远处转移。结论对于初次手术患者,要尽量做到全切肿瘤,术后辅助放疗能降低血管外皮瘤局部复发率。     

颅内脑膜血管周细胞瘤的诊治分析

目的探讨颅内脑膜血管周细胞瘤（M—HPC）的诊断及其治疗经验。方法回顾性总结分析2000年1月至2011年1月收治的18例颅内M—HPC患者的临床资料,并结合文献进行复习。结果18例均行开颅手术治疗和放射治疗,其中肿瘤全切除12例,大部分切除4例,部分切除2例。术后随访3-130个月,5例（肿瘤全切除1例,大部分切除2例,部分切除2例）肿瘤复发,平均复发时间为56个月,其中1例出现椎管内转移。结论M—HPC影像学表现缺乏特征性,其确诊依赖于术后病理检查结果;显微手术以及术后放射治疗是其主要的治疗方法。     

颅内海绵状血管瘤的显微外科治疗(附31例报告)

目的通过对31例颅内海绵状血管瘤显微外科治疗分析,探讨颅内海绵状血管瘤显微手术治疗方法。方法总结31例颅内海绵状血管瘤的临床表现、神经影像学特征及显微治疗方法。结果全切除27例(87.1％),大部分切除3例(9.7％),部分切除1例(3.2％)。30例患者术后症状明显改善。结论显微手术治疗颅内海绵状血管瘤是更为安全和有效的方法,未完全切除者术后放疗,疗效满意。     

中枢神经系统血管外皮细胞瘤的临床特点及治疗研究

目的 探讨颅内血管外皮细胞瘤(HPC)的临床特点及治疗方式.方法 回顾性分析30例中枢神经系统HPC患者的临床资料.患者均行手术切除肿瘤;术后对患者进行随访.结果 本组患者中肿瘤全切除者22例,未全切除者8例;术后均未发生严重并发症.术后随访患者15例,随访时间为24～ 132个月,平均67个月,其中8例患者术后行放疗...     

颅内血管外皮细胞瘤的治疗及预后影响因素分析

目的探讨颅内血管外皮细胞瘤(HPC)的治疗方法及预后的影响因素。方法回顾性分析31例颅内HPC患者的临床资料,对其治疗方法及影响生存期的相关因素进行总结分析。结果 31例颅内HPC患者均行手术治疗;其中病变完全切除22例,非全切除9例(次全切除5例,大部分切除3例,部分切除1例),WHOⅡ级12例,WHOⅢ级19例。13例患者术后行分次外放射治疗,10例患者行γ-刀治疗。随访时间12~96个月,中位数为65个月。本组患者的5年无复发生存率为53.8%,中位无复发生存期(RFS)为65个月。全切组患者的中位RFS为76个月,非全切组患者的中位RFS为33个月;接受术后放疗患者的中位RFS为76个月,单纯手术患者为40个月;WHOⅡ级HPC患者的中位RFS为81个月,WHOⅢ级患者的中位RFS为40个月;以上两组间分别两两相比,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.01)。结论全切肿瘤和术后辅助放射治疗可减低HPC原位复发率,延长患者RFS,是颅内HPC的有效治疗方案。     

老年人颅内巨大脑膜瘤36例手术治疗

目的 评价老年人颅内巨大脑膜瘤手术后疗效.方法 回顾性分析了36例老年人颅内巨大脑膜瘤手术治疗的临床资料和随访结果.肿瘤位于幕上28例,幕下8例,经CT或MRI测量最大径在8～11.5cm之间.其中29例患者术前合并其它疾病.所有患者皆在气管插管全麻下经显微镜下手术,部分切除3例.结果 肿瘤全切除28例,次全切除5例,术后死亡1例,长期昏迷卧床1例,偏瘫1例.获得随访30例,手术良好率占28例.结论 老年人颅内巨大脑膜瘤的手术疗效主要取决与手术技术及良好的术前术后并发疾病的控制,年龄并不是影响手术愈后的主要因素.     

中枢神经细胞瘤的临床特征及显微手术治疗(附18例报告)

目的 探讨中枢神经细胞瘤的临床特征及应用显微手术治疗的效果.方法 回顾性分析1994年1月至2007年4月经显微手术后病理证实的18例中枢神经细胞瘤的临床特征及显微手术治疗效果.结果 男8例,女10例,平均发病年龄32.3岁.临床表现以颅内压增高症状为主.影像学检查显示多数肿瘤位于侧脑室室间孔区并伴有梗阻性脑积水,肿瘤增强后强化明显,常见钙化.肿瘤全切除12例,次全切除5例,大部分切除1例,全部病例术后常规进行放射治疗.术后随访14例患者,随访时间3个月至6年,未见肿瘤复发或再生长.结论 中枢神经细胞瘤是好发于脑室内的分化较好的神经元性肿瘤,应用显微手术结合术后放疗可获得良好疗效.     

颅内原发性血管外皮细胞瘤诊治分析

目的总结颅内原发性血管外皮细胞瘤的诊治经验,以提高其诊治水平。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2019年9月收治的经术后病理证实的6例颅内原发性血管外皮细胞瘤的临床资料。6例均行显微手术切除肿瘤,术后均行放疗。结果5例全切除,1例次全切除。术后6例临床症状均改善。术后随访时间2~68个月,均未见肿瘤复发。结论颅内原发性血管外皮细胞瘤易误诊,应结合临床表现、影像学检查和病理结果进行诊断,以手术为主,并辅助放疗,可获得良好疗效。     

48例原发性胶质母细胞瘤的治疗经验

目的探讨胶质母细胞瘤手术加放疗、化疗综合治疗的疗效。方法 2007～2009年收治胶质母细胞瘤患者48例,均采用显微手术切除肿瘤;术后行全脑分割剂量放疗,部分患者采用立体定向放疗;同时联合化疗,方案是静脉滴注替尼泊甙60mg/(m2·d)+司莫司汀100mg/d,或口服替莫唑胺75mg(/m2·d)。结果肿瘤全切除43例,次全切除5例;术后无新增神经功能损伤33例,出现新的失语症状11例,新的肢体偏瘫症状10例。患者1年生存率为56.25%,肿瘤复发时间平均6.8个月。结论全切除肿瘤+术后早期行放疗+个性化化疗可延长胶质母细胞瘤患者生存期。     

Factors associated with satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the work described here was to determine those variables associated with satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy. METHODS: We interviewed patients followed at a tertiary epilepsy center. Predictor variables included age, gender, race, education, income, insurance, seizure frequency, and Quality of Life in Epilepsy-10 inventory (QOLIE-10) results. Target variables were the subscales of the Short Form Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-18). We used univariate analysis to identify those variables significantly associated with the subscales and multiple linear regression to determine those independently significant. RESULTS: The study population comprised 193 patients. Lower education and better QOLIE-10 scores were independently associated with general satisfaction with care. The mental health scale was associated with general satisfaction with care. Lower educational level was the only variable independently associated with patient satisfaction with communication, the financial aspect of care, and time spent with physician. CONCLUSION: Lower educational level and better quality of life are the main variables associated with higher general satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy.     

Treatment with rituximab in patients with polyneuropathy with anti-MAG antibodies

Journal of Neurology -     

Surgical Outcome in Patients with Epilepsy with Occult Vascular Malformations Treated with Lesionectomy

Summary: Purpose: This retrospective study reports the long-term surgical outcome of patients with medically refractory epilepsy and vascular malformations who were treated with lesionectomy. A detailed analysis of surgical failures had been performed in an attempt to define predictors of surgical success and failure.
Methods: Fifteen patients with medically intractable epilepsy and angiographically occult vascular malformations (AOVMs) were treated surgically with lesionectomy at Duke University Medical Center. Lesionectomy consisted of removal of the AOVM and surrounding hemosiderin-stained brain only, without the use of electrocorticography (ECoG) to guide resection.
Results: Eleven (73%) patients are seizure free after lesionectomy. Three showed no significant improvement, and one patient died, presumably after a seizure. Age of onset, duration of seizures, age at resection, and gender did not affect outcome. All patients with neocortical AOVMs in whom EEG findings correlated with the site of the lesion were seizure free after lesional resection. Treatment failures were associated with the presence of multiple intracranial lesions, poorly localized or diffuse EEG findings, discordant positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, or with a lesion in close proximity to the limbic system.
Conclusions: Lesionectomy, with removal of surrounding hemosiderin-stained brain, can be considered the procedure of choice in carefully selected patients with epilepsy with occult vascular malformations.     

Children with ADHD and motor dysfunction compared with children with ADHD only

The purpose of this study was to identify group differences in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder and motor dysfunction (ADHD-MD) and ADHD only, and to evaluate the medication responsiveness of ADHD-MD. Sixty-three children (49 males and 14 females; mean age 9 years 10 months, SD 2 years 10 months) underwent a triple blind, placebo-controlled crossover study evaluating two dose levels of methylphenidate (0.3 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg [corrected], twice daily) and placebo. Forty-nine trials were completed. Nineteen were children with ADHD-MD, 44 had ADHD only. Behavior and functioning were assessed at home and at school. Treatment effects were assessed using the Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire for Parents and Teachers. Children with ADHD-MD were more likely to have severe ADHD-combined type and other neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems. Both groups of children had a linear dose response to medication (placebo, low, high) and there was no evidence of a group by dose interaction or an overall group effect at home or school. The lack of group effect suggests that these children responded to medication like the other subgroups.     

Valproate is associated with new-onset oligoamenorrhea with hyperandrogenism in women with bipolar disorder.

BACKGROUND: Preliminary evidence suggests that valproate is associated with isolated features of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), while contradictory data support an association between epilepsy and PCOS. The development of PCOS features after initiation of valproate was therefore examined in women with bipolar disorder using a standardized definition of PCOS. METHODS: Three hundred women 18 to 45 years old with bipolar disorder were evaluated for PCOS at 16 Systematic Treatment Enhancement for Bipolar Disorder sites. A comparison was made between the incidence of hyperandrogenism (hirsutism, acne, male-pattern alopecia, elevated androgens) with oligoamenorrhea that developed while taking valproate versus other anticonvulsants (lamotrigine, topiramate, gabapentin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine) and lithium. Medication and menstrual cycle histories were obtained, and hyperandrogenism was assessed. RESULTS: Among 230 women who could be evaluated, oligoamenorrhea with hyperandrogenism developed in 9 (10.5%) of 86 women on valproate and in 2 (1.4%) of 144 women on a nonvalproate anticonvulsant or lithium (relative risk 7.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7-34.1, p = .002). Oligoamenorrhea always began within 12 months of valproate use. CONCLUSIONS: Valproate is associated with new-onset oligoamenorrhea with hyperandrogenism. Monitoring for reproductive-endocrine abnormalities is important when starting and using valproate in reproductive-aged women. Prospective studies are needed to elucidate risk factors for development of PCOS on valproate.     

血管内栓塞治疗未破裂脑动静脉畸形并发癫痫患者的预后分析

目的分析血管内栓塞治疗未破裂脑动静脉畸形(CAVM)并发癫痫患者的预后情况。方法选择2013年3月至2017年6月收治的符合诊断标准的CAVM并发癫痫发作患者49例为研究对象,分析血管内栓塞治疗后患者的临床症状、生活质量(QOLIE-31)改善情况。结果患者经血管内栓塞治疗后,QOLIE-31各项指标(除了药物影响)评分均明显提高,高于治疗前(P0.05);Spetzler-Martin分级与Engel分级的I~II级例数多于治疗前(P0.05),同时Spetzler-Martin分级I~II级生活质量评分(76.04±18.33)分明显高于III~V级的(65.65±16.76)分(P0.05);Engel分级I~II级的生活质量评分(75.25±17.78)分明显高于III~V级的(66.23±13.22)分(P0.05);血管内栓塞比例80%的生活质量总评分(78.37±18.87)分明显高于栓塞比例80%的(64.16±16.92)分(P0.05);术后患者的头疼症状中重度例数明显低于治疗前(P0.01);患者的NIHSS评分和MRS评分均明显低于治疗前,头疼症状的生活质量评分高于治疗前(均P0.05)。结论血管内栓塞能明显改善未破裂脑动静脉畸形并发癫痫患者的头疼症状、癫痫发作情况、神经功能缺损,提高血管内栓塞比例能够提高患者生活质量。