血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ、Ⅱ在老年慢性胃炎患者筛查中的意义

目的:探讨血清胃蛋白酶原（PG）Ⅰ、Ⅱ对老年慢性胃炎的筛查意义。方法:选择经胃镜和病理学检查诊断为慢性胃炎的患者98例,其中老年组（≥70岁）52例,中青年组（20～60岁）46例,分别对2组患者进行血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ检测,计算PGR（PGⅠ/PGⅡ）值。结果:2组中慢性萎缩性胃炎患者的PGⅠ水平和PGR均明显低于慢性非萎缩性胃炎患者（P<0.01）;老年组患者中慢性萎缩性胃炎患者的PGⅠ水平和PGR均显著低于中青年组（P<0.01）;老年组慢性萎缩性患者的ROC曲线图中,PGⅠ的临界值为98.06 μg/L,灵敏度和特异度分别为0.812和0.858;PGR的临界值为6.68,灵敏度和特异度分别为0.758和0.810。结论:检测血清PGⅠ、Ⅱ对于筛查老年慢性萎缩性胃炎患者具有重要意义,需要进一步确定其参考范围。     

血清胃蛋白酶原和胃泌素-17结合幽门螺杆菌检测在胃部病变鉴别诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨血清胃蛋白酶原（PG）Ⅰ、PGⅡ、PGⅠ/PGⅡ（PGR）、胃泌素-17和幽门螺杆菌（Hp）检测在胃部病变鉴别诊断中的临床应用价值。方法选取2021年6月至2023年6月杭州师范大学附属医院就诊的321例胃部病变患者,根据胃镜和病理学检查结果将患者分为慢性浅表性胃炎组148例、慢性萎缩性胃炎组80例、胃溃疡组57例和胃癌组36例。4组患者均行胃镜检查并取胃黏膜组织进行病理检查来确定Hp感染情况（不确定时以14C呼气试验证实）;同时采集所有患者空腹外周静脉血5mL检测并分析PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGR和胃泌素-17的差异;比较慢性浅表性胃炎组患者Hp阳性率及血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGR和胃泌素-17差异;通过ROC曲线分析血清标志物、Hp感染单独以及联合对胃癌与慢性萎缩性胃炎鉴别诊断的效能。结果胃溃疡组Hp阳性率最高;胃癌组PGⅠ、PGⅡ和胃泌素-17水平均高于慢性浅表性胃炎组和慢性萎缩性胃炎组,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）;胃癌组PGR低于慢性浅表性胃炎组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。PGⅠ+PGⅡ+PGR+胃泌素-17+Hp+性别+年龄的联检法（7MP）在胃癌和慢性萎缩性胃炎鉴别诊断中的AUC为0.875,灵敏度和特异度分别为0.778和0.875。结论慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡和胃癌患者的血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGR和胃泌素-17水平及Hp检查结果存在差异性,7MP对胃癌和慢性萎缩性胃炎的鉴别诊断具有较好的效能。     

各型胃炎胃蛋白酶原浓度变化的实验研究

目的分析探讨各型胃炎胃蛋白酶原的浓度变化情况。方法选取2017年2月至2019年1月我院收治的300例胃炎病患,其中慢性萎缩性胃炎病患150例,慢性非萎缩性胃炎病患150例,另外选取健康正常的人员50例作为对照组,采用乳酸增强免疫比浊法检测病患的血清胃蛋白酶原(PG)Ⅰ、Ⅱ,并计算PGⅠ/PGⅡ(PGR),分析探讨各型胃炎胃蛋白酶原的浓度变化情况。结果经检测后,慢性萎缩性胃炎病患的PGⅠ、PGR明显低于对照组和慢性非萎缩性胃炎病患(P0.05);慢性非萎缩性胃炎病患的PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGR明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论胃炎胃蛋白酶原的浓度变化对慢性胃炎有着较好的诊断价值,尤其是慢性萎缩性胃炎,值得在临床上推广。     

血清胃蛋白酶原与幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎的关系

[目的]探讨血清胃蛋白酶原（serum pepsinogen,sPG）与幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎的关系。[方法]73例经胃镜及病理确诊为慢性胃炎患者,其中慢性萎缩性胃炎37例,慢性浅表性胃炎36例,对其中49例H.pylori阳性患者均给予丽珠胃三联片剂治疗,治疗前后测血清胃蛋白酶原。[结果]在H.pylori感染病例中,萎缩性胃炎组与浅表性胃炎组PGⅠ值相似,而PGⅡ值萎缩性胃炎明显高于浅表性胃炎组,H.pylori阳性者高于H.pylori阴性者,PGR（PGⅠ/PGⅡ）萎缩性胃炎明显低于浅表性胃炎组,H.pylori阳性者明显低于H.pylori阴性者。经抗H.pylori治疗,87.75%的患者H.pylori被根除,H.pylori已根除的萎缩性胃炎组PGⅠ值上升,PGⅡ值下降,PGR（PGⅠ/PGⅡ）上升,H.pylori未根除的萎缩性胃炎组PGⅠ值,PGⅡ值,PGR（PGⅠ/PGⅡ）无改变,H.pylori已根除的浅表性胃炎组,PGR（PGⅠ/PGⅡ）上升。[结论]H.pylori感染与sPG水平密切相关。血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ及PGR（PGⅠ/PGⅡ）对H.pylori相关萎缩性胃炎的早期诊断有一定应用价值。血清PGR（PGⅠ/PGⅡ）可作为H.pylori根除效果的评价指标。     

血清胃蛋白酶原与胃粘膜病理状态相关性分析

目的分析血清胃蛋白酶原(PG)Ⅰ与PGⅡ及PGR(PGⅠ/PGⅡ)与胃粘膜病理状态的相关性,为临床胃部疾病诊断提供参考。方法回顾性分析2018-1至2018-9于潍坊市人民医院就诊并经胃镜和/或病理诊断明确的胃疾病患者200例,其中慢性浅表性胃炎69例,慢性萎缩性胃炎45例,胃溃疡43例,胃恶性肿瘤43例,分别各自构成一组,选取同期于我院行健康体检的健康患者50例作为对照。测定各组PGⅠ、PGⅡ及PGR的数值并进行比较。结果 (1)萎缩性胃炎与胃恶性肿瘤组患者血清PGⅠ、PGR均低于对照组,胃溃疡组患者血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ均高于对照组,两者之间差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),慢性非萎缩性胃炎患者血清胃蛋白酶原与对照组间差异无明显统计学意义(P0.05);(2)胃恶性肿瘤组患者PGⅠ、PGR低于萎缩性胃炎组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);(3)胃恶性肿瘤组患者血清PGⅡ高于萎缩性胃炎组及对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论血清胃蛋白酶原变化与胃粘膜病理状态密切相关,可为临床胃部疾病诊断提供参考。     

血清胃蛋白酶原联合肿瘤坏死因子α检测在幽门螺杆菌相关性胃疾病诊断中的意义

【摘要】目的 检测幽门螺杆菌（Hp）相关性胃疾病患者血清中胃蛋白酶原（PG）与肿瘤坏死因子（TNF α）,并探讨PG与TNF α在Hp相关性胃疾病诊断中的意义。方法 选取2018年1月~2019年3月于本院接受治疗的237例Hp相关性胃疾病患者为研究对象作为Hp相关性胃疾病组,其中73例为非萎缩性胃炎,66例为萎缩性胃炎,68例为消化性溃疡,30例为胃癌;同期选取195例健康体检者作为对照组（CG组）。采用乳胶免疫比浊法检测各组血清中的PGⅠ、PGⅡ以及酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）TNF α水平,同时检测各组患者Hp感染情况;分析PGⅠ、PGⅡ及PGR和TNF α对Hp相关性胃疾病的诊断价值。结果 Hp相关性胃疾病组血清中TNF α、PGⅠ、PGⅡ水平均显著高于CG组,PGR水平显著低于CG组（P＜005）;萎缩性胃炎患者血清中PGⅠ、PGR水平显著低于非萎缩性胃炎（P＜005）;消化性溃疡患者血清中TNF α、PGⅡ水平显著高于非萎缩性胃炎和萎缩性胃炎,PGⅠ水平显著高于萎缩性胃炎,PGR水平低于非萎缩性胃炎高于萎缩性胃炎（P＜005）;胃癌患者血清中PGⅠ、PGR水平显著低于非萎缩性胃炎、萎缩性胃炎及消化性溃疡,TNF α、PGⅡ水平高于非萎缩性胃炎和萎缩性胃炎（P＜005）;Hp阳性的非萎缩性胃炎、萎缩性胃炎患者血清中TNF α水平均显著高于Hp阴性组（P＜005）;Hp阳性的萎缩性胃炎、消化性溃疡、胃癌患者血清中PGⅠ水平均显著高于Hp阴性组（P＜005）;Hp阳性的非萎缩性胃炎、萎缩性胃炎、消化性溃疡、胃癌患者患者血清中PGⅡ、PGR水平均显著高于Hp阴性组（P＜005）;TNF α、PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGR诊断Hp相关性胃疾病患者的AUC分别为0842（95%CI:0807~0877）、0.844（95%CI:0808~0879）、0864（95%CI:0831~0896）、0874（95%CI:0789~0906）,截断值分别为14563、114404、25483、4710,特异性分别为645%、698%、755%、657%,敏感度分别为897%、877%、862%、959%;PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGR分别与TNF α联合诊断Hp相关性胃疾病患者的AUC分别为0922（95%CI:0898~0945）、0925（95%CI:0902~0948）、0937（95%CI:0916~0951）,特异性分别为792%、857%、804%,敏感度为933%、851%、938%。结论 PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGR联合TNF α可作为诊断Hp相关性胃疾病的参考指标,对Hp感染胃疾病的癌前病变及早期胃癌诊断有重要意义。     

血清胃蛋白酶原检测与慢性萎缩性胃炎相关研究

目的通过对慢性萎缩性胃炎患者血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ（PGⅠ）、胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ（PGⅡ）检测,探讨血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ及PGⅠ/PGⅡ与慢性萎缩性胃炎的关系。方法运用化学发光微粒子免疫法测定正常对照组30例,浅表性胃炎36例和慢性萎缩性胃炎42例患者血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ水平及PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值,并进行统计分析。结果慢性萎缩性胃炎组血清PGⅠ水平及PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值低于对照组及浅表性胃炎组（P〈0.01）,PGⅡ与对照组及浅表性胃炎组PGⅡ水平无统计意义（P〉0.05）。结论通过检测血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ水平及PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值变化,可以作为一种无创性的筛查慢性萎缩性胃炎的方法 。     

和胃方治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎脾胃虚弱证临床观察

目的 观察和胃方对慢性萎缩性胃炎脾胃虚弱证的临床疗效。方法 将71例慢性萎缩性胃炎脾胃虚弱证患者分为治疗组35例和对照组36例,治疗组患者口服加减和胃方,对照组患者口服胃复春片,疗程均为3个月,治疗1个疗程后比较两组临床症状评分及其临床疗效、血清胃蛋白酶原（pepsinogen,PG）、血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ和Ⅱ比值（pepsinogen Ⅰ/Ⅱ ratio,PGR）、胃泌素17（gastrin 17,G17）水平、胃黏膜组织形态学积分。结果 与治疗前比较,两组治疗后各临床症状评分及总评分均显著减少（P＜0.05）;两组患者治疗前后饱胀、纳差、疲乏、气短懒言、总积分差值比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组患者临床疗效分布比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、G17水平改变均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组治疗前后PGⅠ、PGR差值比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组治疗后胃黏膜组织形态学积分均较治疗前下降,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组治疗前后胃黏膜组织形态学积分差值比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 和胃方能有效缓解慢性萎缩性胃炎临床症状,明显改善病理及理化指标。     

血清胃蛋白酶原及胃泌素-17水平与胃癌的相关性研究

目的 探讨血清胃蛋白酶原(PG)I、PGⅡ、PG I/PGⅡ(PGR)及胃泌素-17(GAS-17)水平在胃癌患者中的诊断价值及相关性.方法 选取该院454例胃部疾病患者,104例健康者(对照组),分别检测各组血清PG I、PGⅡ、PGR及GAS-17水平.绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGR及GAS-17水平在胃癌和非胃癌组中的诊断价值,并应用Lo-gistic回归模型分析胃癌的独立危险因素.结果 胃癌组、萎缩性胃炎组和非萎缩性胃炎组血清PGI及PGR明显低于对照组(P＜0.05),且胃癌组血清PG I及PGR明显低于萎缩性胃炎组、非萎缩性胃炎组和胃溃疡组(P＜0.05).胃癌组血清GAS-17水平明显高于对照组、非萎缩性胃炎组和胃溃疡组(P＜0.05).胃癌组与对照组血清PGⅡ水平比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).进展期胃癌组血清PGI及PGR明显低于早期胃癌组(P＜0.05),而血清GAS-17水平明显高于早期胃癌组(P＜0.05).胃癌TNM分期越高,血清PG I水平降低越明显(P＜0.05),血清GAS-17水平升高越明显(P＜0.05).ROC曲线显示,血清PGI、PGⅡ、PGR、GAS-17及联合检测对胃癌组的诊断效能优于非胃癌组,且4项联合检测的曲线下面积(AUC)高于单项检测,其灵敏度和特异度分别为83.7％和76.8％.多元Logistic回归分析发现胃癌家族史、不正确的饮食习惯、PG I及GAS-17进入回归模型,其OR值及95％CI分别为6.481(3.562～11.316)、2.843(1.103～6.918)、2.624(1.094～4.521)、1.735 (1.046～3.912).结论 血清PGI、GAS-17及PGR水平变化与胃癌的病程进展及分化程度相关,联合检测有助于提高胃癌的阳性诊断率.     

血清PG-Ⅰ/II联合胃镜检查在高危HP相关性胃癌中的诊断价值

目的 探讨血清胃蛋白酶原-Ⅰ(PG-Ⅰ)、胃蛋白酶原-Ⅱ(PG-Ⅱ)水平及PG-Ⅰ/PG-Ⅱ比值（PGR）联合胃镜检查在高危幽门螺杆菌 (HP)相关性胃癌中的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析2020年1月—2022年1月我院收治的并经病理学证实的105例上消化道疾病患者的临床资料，根据组织病理检测结果分为胃癌组（n=30）、浅表性胃炎组（n=40）和萎缩性胃炎组（n=35），并纳入50例同期来院参加体检的健康志愿者作为对照组，采用14C尿素呼气试验对比上消化道疾病患者HP感染状况及阳性率；采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测血清PG-Ⅰ、PG-Ⅱ水平，并进行胃镜检查，分析血清PG水平联合胃镜诊断HP相关性胃癌的诊断效能。结果 胃癌组血清PG-Ⅰ、PGR水平低于浅表性胃炎组、萎缩性胃炎组和对照组，PG-Ⅱ水平高于浅表性胃炎组、萎缩性胃炎组和对照组（P＜0.05），萎缩性胃炎组血清PG-Ⅰ、PGR水平低于浅表性胃炎组和对照组，PG-Ⅱ水平高于浅表性胃炎组和对照组（P＜0.05），而浅表性胃炎组和对照组血清PG-Ⅰ、PG-Ⅱ、PGR水平比较无差异（P＞0.05）。胃癌组Hp阳性率高于浅表性胃炎组和萎缩性胃炎组（P＜0.05），而萎缩性胃炎组和浅表性胃炎组Hp阳性率比较无差异（P＞0.05）。PG-Ⅰ/II联合胃镜诊断高危Hp相关性胃癌的准确率、灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为91.43％、93.33％、90.67％、80.00％、97.14％，均显著高于血清PG-Ⅰ/II和胃镜单独诊断（P＜0.05）。结论 PG-Ⅰ/II阳性患者中序贯进行胃镜检查可提高胃镜检查的针对性，进而可有效提高高危Hp相关性胃癌检出率，可在临床进一步推广     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.