曲安奈德益康唑乳膏联合莫匹罗星软膏治疗中、重度婴儿尿布皮炎的疗效观察与护理

目的 探讨曲安奈德益康唑乳膏(简称:曲益乳膏)联合莫匹罗星软膏(简称:莫罗软膏)治疗中、重度婴儿尿布皮炎的效果.方法 120例中、重度婴儿尿布皮炎患儿随机分为两组:对照组(60例):常规护理后给予炉甘石洗剂加涂红霉素软膏;观察组(60例):常规护理后给予曲益乳膏联合莫罗软膏.疗程结束后进行统计学处理.结果 总有效率:观察组91.7%,对照组78.3%,观察组疗效高于对照组(P＜0.05);显效率:观察组与对照组比较,有非常显著的统计学差异(P＜0.01);两组患儿平均恢复时间,观察组显著优于对照组(P＜0.05).疗程中,两组患儿均未发现不良反应.结论 曲益乳膏联合莫罗软膏治疗中、重度婴儿尿布皮炎可明显改善患儿症状、促进皮损愈合、缩短恢复时间,疗效显著.值得进一步研究推广.     

肿痛安胶囊治疗轻型复发性阿弗它溃疡的临床疗效分析

选择63例轻型复发性阿弗它溃疡患者,随机分成两组,治疗组口服肿痛安胶囊,对照组服用三黄片.结果治疗组溃疡平均愈合时间为4.1d,对照组为8.6d,治疗组的疼痛指数显著低于对照组(P＜0.01).肿痛安胶囊对复发性阿弗它溃疡的治疗具有较好的疗效.     

皮维碘软膏治疗婴幼儿尿布皮炎疗效与护理

目的探讨10%皮维碘软膏治疗婴幼儿中、重度尿布皮炎的疗效.方法对62例婴幼儿中、重度尿布皮炎进行分组治疗、观察.结果显效率及10日治愈率皮维碘软膏治疗组优于MEBO对照组.结论皮维碘软膏对尿布皮炎具有良好的治疗作用.     

三黄生肤油联合硫化氢对糖尿病足模型大鼠的治疗作用

目的:观察三黄生肤油联合硫化氢对糖尿病足(DF)模型鼠的治疗作用。方法:利用链脲佐菌素腹腔注射建立糖尿病大鼠模型,随后利用切除足部皮肤制造DF模型。48只造模成功的DF模型大鼠使用数字表法分为基质对照组、硫化氢组、三黄生肤油组和三黄生肤油+硫化氢组,每组12只。各组大鼠采用相应药剂涂抹创面、2次/天,连续3周。比较四组治疗期间足底皮温、足底痛阈、创面愈合率和创面肉芽组织血管数。结果:治疗后,三黄生肤油+硫化氢组创面愈合率高于基质对照组(1、2、3周,P0.05或P0.01)、硫化氢组和三黄生肤油组(P0.05)。硫化氢组和三黄生肤油组创面愈合率高于基质对照组(2,3周,P0.05),但硫化氢组与三黄生肤油组创面愈合率无显著性差异(P0.05)。治疗前四组足底皮温和足底痛阈无显著性差异(P0.05)。三黄生肤油+硫化氢组治疗2、3周足底皮温高于基质对照组,足底痛阈低于基质对照组(P0.05)。三黄生肤油+硫化氢组治疗3周足底皮温高于硫化氢组和三黄生肤油组,足底痛阈低于硫化氢组和三黄生肤油组(P0.05)。硫化氢组和三黄生肤油组治疗3周足底皮温高于基质对照组,足底痛阈低于基质对照组(P0.05),但硫化氢组和三黄生肤油组间无显著性差异(P0.05)。创面肉芽组织中血管数,三黄生肤油+硫化氢组、硫化氢组和三黄生肤油组均高于基质对照组(P0.05),三黄生肤油+硫化氢组又高于硫化氢组和三黄生肤油组(P0.05)。结论:三黄生肤油联合硫化氢可改善DF模型鼠足底皮温和痛阈,增加创面血管生成,有利于创面的愈合,疗效优于单用三黄生肤油或硫化氢。     

液体伤口敷料与高锰酸钾改善会阴侧切切口愈合及疼痛程度的效果对比

目的:研究液体伤口敷料与高锰酸钾对会阴侧切切口愈合及疼痛程度的改善效果.方法:对 2023 年4 月至～2024 年 2 月入组的 60 例阴道分娩行会阴侧切术的产妇,依照简单化随机分组(单双号法)分为敷料组(单数,N=30,采用液体伤口敷料处理),对照组(双数,N=30,采用高锰酸钾溶液处理).观察两组产妇治疗前、治疗第3 d、第5 d和第 7 d会阴侧切口疼痛程度[视觉模拟评分(VAS)和伤口疼痛分级]、愈合情况和血清皮质醇(Cor)水平.结果:治疗 3 d、第 5 d和第 7 d,两组产妇VAS疼痛评分和Cor水平均较治疗前逐渐降低(P＜0.05),且敷料组治疗 3 d、第5 d和第 7 d降低更明显(P＜0.05);敷料组疼痛总缓解率为 90.00%,显著高于对照组的 66.67%(P＜0.05);敷料组甲级愈合率为 60.00%,显著高于对照组的 33.33%(P＜0.05).结论:相较于高锰酸钾,液体伤口敷料对于缓解会阴侧切切口疼痛、促进愈合效果更佳,值得推荐.     

改性甲壳素联合重组人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子治疗浅Ⅱ度烧伤创面的临床观察

目的观察改性甲壳素联合重组人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(rh-bFGF)在治疗浅Ⅱ度烧伤创面的治疗效果。 方法将石家庄市第一医院烧伤整形科2015年11月至2017年8月收治的80例浅Ⅱ度烧伤患者按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组40例。治疗组患者创面先外用rh-bFGF喷洒,再用改性甲壳素生物修复膜覆盖,常规预防感染治疗,每天换药1次,直至创面愈合;对照组清理创面后,外用改性甲壳素生物修复膜覆盖创面,每日换药1次。观察两组患者平均创面愈合时间、患者伤后7、10、13 d创面愈合率、创面感染情况、瘢痕情况、患者换药疼痛指数及其他不良反应。患者创面平均愈合时间及不同时间点烧伤创面愈合率、患者换药疼痛指数比较均采用t检验。 结果治疗组患者创面平均愈合时间(11.55±2.02) d,较对照组[(12.63±1.96) d]明显缩短,差异均有统计学意义(t＝2.41,P＝0.02);治疗组伤后7、10、13 d创面愈合率分别为(86.00±4.28)%、(95.53±3.65)%和(99.55±0.68)%,明显高于对照组[(84.23±3.38)%、(93.50±3.21)%和(99.10±1.06)%],差异均有统计学意义(t＝2.06、2.63、2.27,P＝0.04、0.01、0.03);治疗组患者换药疼痛数字评分法(NRS)评分为(3.46±0.51)分,对照组患者换药疼痛NRS评分为(3.50±0.50)分,两组比较差异无统计学意义(t＝0.27,P＝0.78)。治疗过程两组均未出现感染患者,随访3个月均未出现瘢痕增生;未发现其他不良反应。 结论应用改性甲壳素联合rh-bFGF能明显缩短浅Ⅱ度烧伤患者创面愈合时间,提高创面愈合率,未见其他不良反应。     

改性甲壳素生物修复膜治疗浅Ⅱ度烧伤的临床疗效

目的探讨改性甲壳素生物修复膜治疗浅Ⅱ度烧伤的临床疗效。 方法将石家庄市第一医院烧伤整形科2016年5月至2018年5月收治的浅Ⅱ度烧伤患者70例按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组35例。治疗组患者创面经过碘伏消毒后,外用0.9%氯化钠溶液冲洗,清除坏死腐皮及异物,外用改性甲壳素生物修复膜覆盖,每日换药1次,直至创面愈合;对照组同样清理创面后,外用无菌油纱覆盖创面,每日换药1次。观察伤后7、10、13 d创面愈合率及创面平均愈合时间、患者换药疼痛数字评分法(NRS)评分、创面感染情况、瘢痕情况及其他不良反应。数据比较采用t检验。 结果治疗组患者在伤后7、10、13 d创面愈合率分别为(83.66±3.59)%、(93.69±3.24)%、(99.46±0.78)%明显高于对照组(81.40±3.50)%、(90.63±4.25)%、(98.57±1.63)%,差异均有统计学意义(t＝2.66、3.38、2.90,P＝0.010、0.001、0.006);治疗组创面平均愈合时间为(12.11±1.89) d,短于对照组(13.51±1.15) d,差异有统计学意义(t＝3.75,P<0.05);治疗组患者NRS评分为(3.29±0.52)分,低于对照组(3.86±0.49)分,差异有统计学意义(t＝4.72,P<0.05),2组均未出现感染患者,随访3个月均未发现瘢痕生长,未发现其他不良反应。 结论应用改性甲壳素生物修复膜可提高创面愈合率,缩短浅Ⅱ度烧伤患者创面愈合时间,减轻患者疼痛。     

应用负压封闭引流术对烧伤整形患者疼痛程度、创面修复及抗菌药物使用的影响

目的:观察负压封闭引流术(Vacuum sealing drainage,VSD)在烧伤整形患者中的应用价值.方法:选取2017年8月至2020年12月本院收治的112例烧伤患者作为研究对象,按照治疗方法不同将患者分为对照组(n=57)和观察组(n=55).对照组采用常规治疗,观察组采用VSD治疗.比较两组治疗效果.结果:观察组总有效率为81.81％,高于对照组(56.14％)(P<0.05);观察组植皮时间、创面清洁时间、创面愈合时间、住院时间、医疗费用、NRS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组抗菌药物使用率、术后感染率及不良反应发生率均低于观察组(P<0.05).结论:烧伤患者应用VSD技术治疗,可有效缓解患者的疼痛程度、加速创面愈合,并降低术后感染率低,减少抗菌药物使用.     

内固定结合负压封闭引流闭合创面治疗胫腓骨骨折

目的探讨内固定结合负压封闭引流闭合创面治疗胫腓骨骨折的临床疗效。方法选取我院2012年1月至2015年12月108例胫腓骨骨折手术患者按手术方法分为观察组和对照组,每组54例。观察组采用接骨板或者髓内钉行骨折内固定加负压封闭引流(VSD),6~10 d后取下VSD行植皮术;对照组采用外固定结合克氏针、螺钉固定骨折,术后常规换药,二期植皮、皮瓣修复创面。记录并评价2组患者住院时间、平均换药次数、二期手术时间、局部感染率、骨折愈合时间等。结果观察组住院时间为(24.8±4.2)d,创面闭合时间为(9.4±1.7)d,局部感染率为5.6%,骨不愈合率为7.4%,骨髓炎率为1.9%,骨折愈合时间为(17±4.7)周;对照组住院时间为(32.2±8.7)d,创面闭合时间为(14.1±3.8)d,局部感染率为22.2%,骨不愈合率为9.3%,骨髓炎率0,骨折愈合时间为(16±6.5)周,观察组住院时间和创面闭合时间均短于对照组,观察组局部感染率低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05),2组骨不愈合率、骨髓炎率、骨折愈合时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论内固定结合负压封闭引流治疗胫腓骨骨折可缩短创面愈合时间,降低住院时间,减少感染发生率。     

贝复济在糖尿病下肢血管病变治疗中的应用研究

目的 探讨贝复济(重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子)对糖尿病下肢血管病变的治疗效果.方法 选择住院诊治的糖尿病足患者32例,依据治疗方法不同随机分为贝复济组(降血糖 抗感染 贝复济局部换药)16例,对照组(降血糖 抗感染)16例.对比两组患者治愈率、创面愈合时间及过敏、不良反应发生情况.结果 贝复济组治愈率(93.75%)明显高于对照组(62.5%,P＜0.05);贝复济组创面愈合时间(29.34±1.46)d 明显比对照组(38.23±2.87)d 缩短(P＜0.05).两组均无过敏及其他不良反应.结论 在糖尿病下肢血管病变治疗中应用贝复济,可缩短创面愈合时间,提高治愈率.     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

Renal dysplasia and asplenia in two sibs

A family is reported in which two sibs, one male and the other female, both died within 24 hours of birth with enlarged polycystic kidneys. Postmortem histology in the second child showed gross renal dysplasia. In both children the pancreas was enlarged, nodular and cystic but the liver appeared macroscopically normal. In the second child, histological examination confirmed pancreatic fibrosis with cystic dilation of ducts, but showed portal fibrosis with bile duct proliferation in the liver.
This combination of findings is very reminiscent of those in a girl and her brother reported by Ivemark et al. (1959). The children reported here also showed absence or hypoplasia of the spleen, cardiac anomalies and other features of the Ivemark syndrome (Ivemark 1955), a quite different, usually sporadic, congenital disorder. It is suggested that the children described here have a distinct lethal congenital disorder, probably inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.     

The dominant diseases of modernized societies as omega-3 essential fatty acid deficiency syndrome: Substrate beriberi

About 1900, modern food selection and processing caused widespread $\text{epidemics}$ of the B vitamin deficiency diseases of beriberi and pellagra which, for genetic reasons, often expressed as different diseases ranging from bowel and heart disease to dermatoses and psychoses. But the B vitamins merely help convert essential fatty acids (EFA) into the prostaglandin (PG) tissue regulators and it now turns out that, through hydrogenation, milling and selection of w3-poor southern foods, we have also been systematically depleting, by as much as 90%, a newly discovered trace Nordic EFA (w3) of special importance to primates and sole precursor of the PG3(4) series, even as a concurrent fiber deficiency increases body demand for EFA. Since substrate EFA is processed by many B vitamin catalysts, an EFA deficiency will mimic a $\text{panh}$ypovitaminosis B, i.e., a mixture of $\text{substrate}$ beriberi and $\text{substrate}$ pellagra resembling vitamin beriberi and pellagra but exhibiting as even more diverse $\text{endemic}$ disease. This would consitute a second stage of the Modern Malnutrition and explain why some workers now hold the dominant diseases of modermized societies to be new, nutritionally based, pellagraform yet lipid-related and to range, once again, from heart disease to psychosis. It is an assumption that our dominant diseases are unrelated to each other or are merely revealed by our diagnostic acumen and therapeutic success; and that hydrogenating millions of tons of food oils annually, to destroy the rancidity producing w3-EFA, is safe for $\text{primates}$. Extensive beriberiform disease is reported here in 32 typical cases taken from medical practice which responds strikingly to linseed oil supplements (60% w3-EFA) in confirmation of identical results in Capuchins.     

'Very sore nights and days': the child's experience of illness in early modern England, c.1580-1720

Sick children were ubiquitous in early modern England, and yet they have received very little attention from historians. Taking the elusive perspective of the child, this article explores the physical, emotional, and spiritual experience of illness in England between approximately 1580 and 1720. What was it like being ill and suffering pain? How did the young respond emotionally to the anticipation of death? It is argued that children’s experiences were characterised by profound ambivalence: illness could be terrifying and distressing, but also a source of emotional and spiritual fulfilment and joy. This interpretation challenges the common assumption amongst medical historians that the experiences of early modern patients were utterly miserable. It also sheds light on children’s emotional feelings for their parents, a subject often overlooked in the historiography of childhood. The primary sources used in this article include diaries, autobiographies, letters, the biographies of pious children, printed possession cases, doctors’ casebooks, and theological treatises concerning the afterlife.     

Guidelines for the Validation and Use of Immunoassays for Determination of Introduced Proteins in Biotechnology Enhanced Crops and Derived Food Ingredients

Recent advancements in agricultural biotechnology have created a need for analytical techniques to determine introduced proteins in crops enhanced through modern biotechnology techniques. These proteins are expressed in plant tissues and may be present in food ingredients. Immunoassays are ideally suited for protein detection and may be used as both quantitative and threshold methods. Microplate ELISA and lateral flow devices are two of the most commonly used immunoassay formats for agricultural biotechnology applications. This paper provides general background information and a discussion of criteria for the validation and application of immunochemical methods to the analysis of proteins introduced into plants and food ingredients using biotechnology methods. It is the result of a collaborative effort of members of the Analytical Environmental Immunochemical Consortium. This collaborative effort represents the combined expertise of several organizations to reach consensus on establishing guidelines for the validation and use of immunoassays. Further, the paper offers developers and users a consistent approach to adopting the technology as well as aid in producing accurate and meaningful results.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

Ultracryotomy: development and application (with examples from the yeast cytology) (author's transl)

The preparation steps usually necessary for obtaining ultrathin frozen sections of biological material (chemical prefixation, enclosing, cryoprotective treatment, freezing, sectioning, and post-staining the sections for transmission electron microscopy) are submitted to a critical analysis. The application of cryo-ultramicrotomy, in particularly for cytochemical purposes, is reviewed. Fundamental considerations of chemical prefixation and poststaining are supported by examples from yeast cytology. Furthermore, the efficiency of the cryo-ultramicrotomy (electron optical resolution of ultrastructural details) is demonstrated on yeast cells and protoplasts.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.