Autoimmune endocrinopathy associated with diabetes insipidus

A case is described in which diabetes insipidus was associated with hypopituitarism, insulin-independent diabetes mellitus, pernicious anaemia and circulating antibodies to the thyroid gland, adrenal gland and the pancreatic islet cells.     

Rhabdomyolysis associated with cranial diabetes insipidus.

Rhabdomyolysis has been reported to be associated with hyperosmolality in diabetic ketoacidosis and non-ketotic hyperosmolal state. Whether the rhabdomyolysis was due to hyperosmolality per se or whether hyperglycaemia also played a role is not clear. We hereby report a case of cranial diabetes insipidus with hypernatraemia and hyperosmolality complicated by rhabdomyolysis. None of the known risk factors, such as coma, hypokalaemia, hypophosphataemia, diabetic ketoacidosis or non-ketotic hyperosmolality, were present in this patient. We believe that severe hyperosmolality per se is an important predisposing factor for non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis, and serum muscle enzymes should be closely monitored in the management of patients with diabetes insipidus.     

Primary cerebral lymphoma presenting with cranial diabetes insipidus

A 30 year old woman with an 8-year history of thirst and polyuria was found to have cranial diabetes insipidus. There were no neurological abnormalities at presentation but she subsequently developed diverse signs and died 26 months later. Autopsy revealed a diagnosis of diffuse primary cerebral lymphoma. Cranial diabetes insipidus with otherwise minimal abnormality of hypothalamic/pituitary function has not previously been reported as a presentation of this neoplasm.     

继发性尿崩症11例临床分析

目的探讨继发性尿崩症的发生原因及治疗效果。方法对本院1992～2010年间治疗的11例继发性尿崩症患者的临床症状、实验室检查、治疗措施、疗效评价及转归进行回顾性分析。结果各种原因所致失血性休克、全身性缺血缺氧改变、能量供给障碍等均可能导致继发性尿崩症。采取病因治疗及对症综合处理可明显提高疗效。结论早期发现、及时诊断和正确处置,是治愈这类继发性尿崩症的关键。     

中枢性尿崩症的MRI研究

目的：研究中枢性尿崩症的低场MRI表现。方法：对31例中枢性尿崩症、43例下丘脑－垂体区病变及12例结核性脑膜炎行MRI检查;分析了丘脑和神经垂体的MRI改变,探讨尿崩症与病变的关系。结果：中枢性尿崩症垂体后叶高信号96．8％消失,呈低信号;继发性尿崩症在下丘脑－垂体区存在浸润性病灶,病灶浸润下丘脑有85．7％出现尿崩症,垂体及正中隆起病变,使下丘脑受压,有5．3％的人出现尿崩症,仅1例（5％）垂体腺瘤出现尿崩症;病灶的大小与尿崩症无相关性。结论：中枢性尿崩症垂体后叶96．8％呈长T1低信号;下丘脑浸润性病灶多导致继发性尿崩症。     

Clomiphene-induced pregnancy in a patient with diabetes insipidus and hypothyroidism

A patient with diabetes insipidus and hypothyroidism developed anovular menstrual cycles. Ovulation, which was followed by pregnancy, was induced by the administration of clomiphene. In the later stages of pregnancy, an increase in the dosage of vasopressin was necessary to achieve a satisfactory control of the symptoms of diabetes insipidus. Labour was induced before the estimated date of confinement by the intravenous administration of oxytocin and an intra-partum haemorrhage necessitated delivery by the lower-segment caesarean section. The post-partum period was uneventful. Lactation was suppressed on request from the patient.