考易网络题库与考试系统实测研究

考易网络题库与考试系统运行两年来,实施了大规模的题库建设和网络无纸化考试,获取了大量的数据。文章从题库规模、题型、题库建设方法、网络考试、题库效益等七个方面,运用大量的实测数据进行了总结和分析,为网络题库建设提供了有益的经验。     

心电图技能题库在实践教学和考试中的应用

目的 探讨心电图诊断技能题库在培养高职学生诊断学技能方面的有效性.方法 将诊断学中的心电图技能题库用于教学和技能考试.结果 实验班运用心电图技能题库进行教学和技能考试,取得了较好的效果.结论 建立了规范的技能题库,心电图部分实行了统一、规范的技能考试,有效促进了学生专业技能的掌握.     

机能学实验无纸化考试系统的建设与应用

无纸化考试是在计算机上进行的考试。由计算机从已建立好的题库中调题组卷,考生一人一机一卷,根据屏幕上显示的题目用键盘或鼠标输入答案,考试结束,计算机自动阅卷、评分、统计及分析等。由于无纸化考试具有客观公正、组织方便、阅卷迅速等优点,越来越引起人们的重视,现已成功地应用于计算机课程、驾驶员技能的考试[1]。我院开展机能学实验教改以来,一直不断地探索机能学实验课程考核评定方法,随着实验条件的完善和多媒体网络化实验室的建立,我们在实验技能知识的理论考试方面进行了一些新的尝试,建立了机能学实验无纸化考试系统,利用计算机网络,以无纸化考试的形式取代了传统的笔试。1建设思路应用春浪多媒体考试系统作为机能学实验无纸化考试的信息平台。这是一个基于局域网环境的考试软件,其具有界面直观友好、交互性强、可操作性好、开放式题库管理[2]等特点,组卷、考试、阅卷计算机一体化,有效实现网上无纸化考试。2硬件设备我院机能学实验实施无纸化考试的硬件是配置有win-dows操作平台的多媒体计算机和局域网络,可实现客观题和主观题、文字题和非文字题(即含有图片、音像、动画等多媒体题)的无纸化考试。3题库建设命题以医学高职高专各专业人才培养目标为依据...     

现代化教育技术在正常人体学基础教学中的开发应用

通过在正常人体学基础教学中应用一些现代化的教育技术、教育手段，如设计、制作及应用CAI课件和设计开发无纸化考试系统软件，建立正常人体学基础题库作为模型，组织进行无纸化考试，以达到提高教学质量、优化教学效果监测方法的目的。     

西部民族院校开展无纸化考试的一些设想——以右江民族医学院为例

无纸化考试是信息时代考试的发展方向。它可以减轻工作强度,降低考试成本;使考试更具人性化和个性化;为考试提供公平、公正的环境;有效地抑制泄题事件的发生;提高学生的综合素质和教师的教学质量。西部民族院校现阶段实施无纸化考试还需在考试题型、考试系统和题库等方面加以改进。     

中等卫校《病理学基础》无纸化考试题库的建立及应用

无纸化考试现已成为重要的考试手段之一，本文主要对题库的建立和应用进行了探讨、分析和总结。     

免疫学无纸化考试软件系统开发与特色

创新改革教育是时代和社会发展的强烈要求。以优化的题库资源为基础、以现代信息技术为手段,利用IT技术,结合免疫学考试的特点及要求,设计了免疫学无纸化考试软件系统。通过随机组卷,生成无纸化考试试卷进行考试,并及时生成考试成绩,形成集考试报名、试卷生成、上机考试、阅卷、成绩生成、打印等为一体的从业考试管理模式,大大节约了人力,提高了考试判卷的准确性和公平性,与国际考试接轨,实现了考试现代化。     

医学课程无纸化考试系统的建设与作用

本文根据医学课程的特点介绍了无纸化考试的考题分类、题库的主要项目、进行无纸化考试的硬件环境和软件组成 ,认为无纸化考试具有提高教学质量、促进学生全面发展、提供教改新手段和积累教学资源等作用     

X线诊断学技能考试多媒体课件制作及应用

X线诊断学技能考试在医学影像学专业学生考试中占有很重要的地位,但现行技能考试方法难以达到理想的要求。为此,我们制作了 X线诊断学技能考试多媒体课件,在 96级医学影像专业毕业技能考试中应用并取得了良好的效果。 1多媒体考试软件的制作过程 1.1资料准备：首先从各系统 X线教学片中选择较为典型的、清晰的 X线片整理相关临床资料,然后采取随机抽取的方法进行编号,最后按编号顺序进行登记：一是 X线诊断学试题目录卡,只登记序号及系统名称,不登记病名,供监考教师抽题用 (见表 1)。二是 X线诊断学技能考试试题册,详细记录题号…     

"正常人体学基础"无纸化考试题库的建立与应用分析

随着计算机技术的应用及普及,考试形式逐步推广无纸化考试,使考试管理更加科学化、规范化,实现真正意义的教考分离,更加科学地检查教学效果和检测学生掌握知识的情况,减轻教师负担,提高效率。建立中专《正常人体学基础》无纸化考试题库及应用的目的就在于此。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.