白内障患者术前术中细菌培养及药物干预研究

目的：研究年龄相关性白内障患者睑缘(睫毛根部睑板腺开口处)和结膜囊应用不同抗生素滴眼液滴眼及不同结膜囊冲洗液冲洗结膜囊后的灭菌效果。

方法：选取2015-01/11在我院拟行白内障超声乳化手术的年龄相关性白内障患者216例216眼随机分成A(72眼)、B(72眼)、C(72眼)三组,术前分别采用3g/L妥布霉素滴眼液、5g/L左氧氟沙星滴眼液及上述两种滴眼液点眼; 再随机分为莫西沙星组(110眼)和聚维酮碘组(106眼),分别于术野常规消毒后手术正式开始前使用1.6g/L莫西沙星和5g/L聚维酮碘冲洗结膜囊。分别于入院未用药前、手术未消毒前及结膜囊冲洗后采集术眼睑缘和结膜囊标本,术毕采集结膜囊标本并抽取前房水进行常规细菌培养及药敏试验。

结果：白内障患者术前睑缘、结膜囊细菌培养阳性率分别为86.6%、25.0%。A、B、C组患者应用不同抗生素滴眼液点眼前后睑缘细菌培养阳性率分别为86.1%和36.1%、84.7%和31.9%、88.9%和30.6%; 结膜囊细菌培养阳性率分别为25.0%和11.1%、26.4%和11.1%、23.6%和8.3%。采用莫西沙星和聚维酮碘组进行结膜囊冲洗前后睑缘细菌培养的阳性率分别为33.6%和10.9%、32.1%和10.4%; 结膜囊细菌培养的阳性率分别为10.0%和0、10.4%和0。

结论：白内障术前联合使用3g/L妥布霉素和5g/L左氧氟沙星滴眼液点眼清洁睑缘和结膜囊效果更佳,5g/L聚维酮碘和1.6g/L莫西沙星均可作为白内障术前结膜囊冲洗液使用。     

白内障术前睑板腺特殊处理对结膜囊微生物影响分析

目的 前瞻性研究白内障术前通过眼睑热敷、按摩及清洁睑缘等睑板腺的特殊处理对结膜囊微生物状态的影响,寻求更安全的内眼手术术前准备方法.方法 将87例90只眼拟行白内障手术患者随机分为A(空白组:未做任何处理之前)、B(对照组:术前使用抗生素眼液滴眼、剪眼睫毛、生理盐水冲洗泪道及结膜囊等常规术前准备)、C(处理组:常规术前准备+睑板腺特殊处理)三组,分别为25例26只眼、29例29只眼、33例35只眼,A组于人院时,B、C两组于手术开始及术毕两个时间点分别采集结膜囊标本,送检行微生物培养.结果 (1)结膜囊微生物培养阳性率:A组为53.85％,B组与C组手术开始及术毕两个时间点的阳性率分别为10.34％、27.59％与2.86％、5.71％.C组结膜囊微生物培养阳性率明显降低,与A组、B组组间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(2)结膜囊微生物培养阳性率与术前抗生素眼液使用天数、术前睑板腺处理时间、手术持续时间长短差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(3)结膜囊微生物培养菌种:共培养出阳性菌28株,5种菌属.未培养出真菌.结论 (1)正常人群中结膜囊存在一定细菌;术前使用抗生素眼液滴眼、剪眼睫毛、生理盐水冲洗泪道及结膜囊等常规术前准备可以减少结膜囊微生物培养阳性率;对睑板腺特殊处理后可以更进一步降低结膜囊微生物培养检出率.(2)白内障术前增加对睑板腺的特殊处理可以在减少局部使用抗生素眼液时间的情况下,同样达到有效清洁术野、减少结膜囊微生物的作用,从而起到降低术后眼内炎风险的作用.     

预防白内障手术后感染的术中应对策略探讨

目的 探讨老年性白内障临床路径预防术后感染性眼内炎的术中措施及效果.方法 选择120例120眼白内障手术患者,随机分为对照组(A组)60例60眼术前、术毕应用复方氯化钠注射液冲洗结膜囊.研究组(B组)60例60眼术前、术毕应用0.1％聚维酮碘溶液(0.1％PVP-I,深圳市安多福消毒高科技股份有限公司生产,批号:粤卫消证字{2016}第9087号)结膜囊进行消毒,同时术中灌洗液中加入妥布霉素.分别取术前、术前冲洗结膜囊后、术毕冲洗结膜囊前后及术后第1天的结膜囊标本做细菌培养及药敏.取术毕前房房水的细菌培养及药敏.结果 1结膜囊细菌培养:a、术前A组阳性16例,B组阳性17例,两组的差异无明显统计学意义(x2 =0.04,P＞0.05).b、术前冲洗结膜囊后,A组阳性14例,B组阳性2例,两组的差异有明显统计学意义(x2=10.29,P＜0.05).c、术毕A组阳性17例,B组阳性5例,两组的差异明显统计学意义(x2=8.02,P＜0.05).d、术毕冲洗结膜囊后,A组阳性15例,B组阳性1例,两组的差异具有明显统计学意义(x2=14.14,P＜0.05).e、术后第1天A组阳性19例,B组阳性7例,两组的差异具有明显统计学意义(x2=8.51,P＜0.05).2.A组术毕前房水细菌培养阳性率3.33％,而B组房水细菌培养为阴性明显低于A组.所有患者观察术后3个月无眼内炎等并发症.结论 白内障术中应用0.1％PVP-I溶液结膜囊进行两次消毒,灌洗液中加入妥布霉素,能够进一步减少结膜囊细菌,保持房水无菌化,在预防感染上实用安全,效果更可靠.     

聚维酮碘二次消毒对结膜囊细菌的杀灭作用

目的 探讨聚维酮碘二次消毒对结膜囊细菌的清除效果.方法 采取比较性研究,选择在我院行白内障超声乳化手术的259例（259只眼）患者,随机分为4组.各组分别在以下时间点采集结膜囊标本做细菌培养和药物敏感性试验：A组：未使用任何药物之前的基准培养;B组：使用左氧氟沙星滴眼液（商品名：可乐必妥）1 d后;C组：术前手术区皮肤及结膜囊第1次聚维酮碘消毒后;D组：0.05%聚维酮碘消毒液（0.5%聚维酮碘原液10倍稀释）再次冲洗结膜囊后.采用卡方检验进行各组间培养阳性率的比较.结果 A、B、C、D四组的结膜囊培养阳性率分别是 96%、28.6%、3.77%、0%.应用SPSS数据分析软件对数据两两比较结果差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05 ）.结论 术前抗生素预防用药以及在术前常规消毒后再进行二次结膜囊冲洗消毒有助于结膜囊细菌的彻底清除.     

庆大霉素和聚维酮碘对结膜囊细菌清除率的比较研究

目的 探讨庆大霉素、0.5%聚维酮碘及5.0%聚维酮碘清除结膜囊细菌的效果及其副作用.方法 采用比较性研究,选择2006年3月至5月在武汉爱尔眼科医院行眼前节手术的300例患者(300只眼),采用随机数字法分为3组.手术前1 d,用0.3%氧氟沙星眼液滴患眼6次.表面麻醉后术前约5 min依照不同分组分别用0.8%庆大霉素注射液、0.5%聚维酮碘及5.0%聚维酮碘冲洗结膜囊.在下列时间采集患者结膜囊标本做细菌培养和药物敏感性试验:入院时未用任何药物之前的基准培养;使用0.3%氧氟沙星滴眼液1 d后;未用药物冲洗结膜囊前;手术刚开始时;冲洗结膜囊约5 min后;手术结束时.在手术开始时,采集前房水标本做细菌培养.各组间培养阳性率的比较,采用Pearson卡方检验.结果 未用药前,0.8%庆大霉素注射液组、0.5%聚维酮碘组及5.0%聚维酮碘组结膜囊培养阳性率分别为79.7%、76.6%及77.8%,差异无统计学意义(X2=0.28,P=0.86);手术完成后,3组结膜囊培养阳性率分别为11.7%、8.3%及6.3%,差异也无统计学意义(X2=1.74,P=0.41).前房水培养平均阳性率为4.9%,3组之间比较差异无统计学意义(X2=1.21,P=0.54).患者未出现对聚维酮碘有明显的不良反应.结论 表面麻醉后术眼结膜囊内使用0.5%国产聚维酮碘和5.0%进口聚维酮碘均较安全;术前用0.8%庆大霉素注射液、0.5%聚维酮碘及5.0%聚维酮碘冲洗结膜囊清除眼表细菌的效果相似.     

飞秒激光小切口透镜取出术围手术期加替沙星眼用凝胶细菌清除率研究 △

目的 探讨加替沙星眼用凝胶在飞秒激光小切口基质透镜取出术(SMILE)围手术期预防性使用的有效性与安全性。方法 选择行SMILE的患者181例(181眼),随机分为2组,A组90例,B组91例。A组和B组在术前分别滴用0.3%加替沙星眼用凝胶和0.5%左氧氟沙星滴眼液,用药前后进行结膜囊细菌培养及药敏试验。结果 SMILE前结膜囊细菌培养阳性率为11.60%,其中表皮葡萄球菌15例、微球菌2例、唾液链球菌1例、微小棒状杆菌2例、铜绿假单胞菌1例。A组和B组用药前结膜囊细菌培养阳性率分别为10.00%和13.19%(P>0.05), 用药后细菌清除率均为100%。所有患者均未发现明显的不良反应。结论 SMILE前滴用加替沙星眼用凝胶和左氧氟沙星滴眼液的细菌清除率效果相似。     

低浓度聚维酮碘降低结膜囊细菌量的有效性分析

目的:探讨1,5,25g/L三种不同浓度聚维酮碘清除结膜囊细菌的效果及其副作用。方法:采用随机对照性研究方法,选择2009-09/10在武汉爱尔眼科医院行白内障手术的患者205例205眼,用随机数字法分为3组。手术前1d,用3g/L氧氟沙星眼液滴患眼3次。术前约5～10min左右,表面麻醉后依照不同分组分别用1,5,25g/L三种不同浓度聚维酮碘冲洗结膜囊。在下列时间点采集患者结膜囊标本做细菌培养和药物敏感性试验:入院时未用任何药物之前的基准培养;使用1d的3g/L氧氟沙星滴眼液后,未冲洗结膜囊前;聚维酮碘冲洗结膜囊约5～10min后,手术刚开始时;手术结束时。各组间培养阳性率的比较,采用Pearson卡方检验。并注意观察使用聚维酮碘后眼部的不良反应。结果:未用药前,1g/L聚维酮碘组、5g/L聚维酮碘组及25g/L聚维酮碘组结膜囊细菌培养阳性率分别为63.0%,61.4%及59.6%;手术完成后,3组结膜囊培养阳性率分别为12.3%,11.4%及12.9%,各组在用药前与手术结束时的阳性率差别均有显著的统计学意义(χ2值分别为54.88,57.61,40.47,P值均为0)。但是无论是用药前,还是在手术结束时,三组间培养阳性率的差别均无统计学意义(未用药前χ2=0.15,P=0.92;手术结束时χ2=0.06,P=0.96)。62例使用25g/L聚维酮碘患者有4例患者出现结膜充血和轻度角膜水肿,占6%,无其他不良反应,其他2组没有发现明显不良反应,三组间差别有显著的统计学意义(χ2=9.4,P=0.009)。结论:术前使用1g/L低浓度聚维酮碘冲洗结膜囊可以有效清除眼表细菌,和使用25g/L高浓度聚维酮碘的效果相似,而且更为安全。     

绵阳市汉族中老年人干眼症与非干眼症结膜囊细菌状况对照研究

目的比较绵阳汉族中老年人干眼症与中老年正常人结膜囊细菌状况。方法筛查绵阳市郊区2个聚居点的中老年人群中干眼症80例(160眼),以同一人群中正常人80人(160眼)作为正常对照组进行对比分析,刮取睑结膜囊分泌物培养后进行细菌分离鉴定,比较2组细菌的构成比、细菌种类的复杂性、优势菌种的阳性率等的差异。结果干眼症组结膜囊细菌阳性98眼,阳性率61.3%;对照组结膜囊细菌阳性114眼,阳性率71.3%,2组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.578,P=0.076)。干眼症组培养出111株细菌,86眼为单菌生长(构成比为87.8%),12眼为多菌共存(构成比为12.2%);对照组培养出细菌127株,101眼为单菌生长(构成比为88.6%),13眼为多菌共存(构成比为11.4%),2组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.001,P=0.981)。干眼症组培养出15种细菌,对照组培养出14种细菌。干眼症组革兰阳性菌103眼(构成比为92.8%),正常对照组革兰阳性菌121眼(构成比为95.3%),2组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.454,P=0.483)。2组结膜囊细菌均以棒状杆菌为主,干眼症组棒状杆菌60株(阳性率37.5%,构成比为54.1%);对照组检出棒状杆菌84株(阳性率52.5%,构成比为66.1%),干眼症组较正常对照组阳性率低,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.679,P=0.010);但2组构成比差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.133,P=0.077);2组表皮葡萄球菌阳性率和构成比比较差异均无统计学意义。结论在自然状况、同一环境下,汉族中老年人干眼症眼与正常眼结膜囊细菌基本为常居菌。其细菌阳性率、细菌共存的多样性、菌种数、革兰分类的构成比以及优势菌株构成比并不受是否为干眼症的影响。     

青少年配戴角膜塑形镜后结膜囊菌群状况及药敏分析

目的：研究青少年配戴角膜塑形镜后结膜囊细菌菌群状况及药物敏感性分析。方法：观察性横断面研究。招募2021-09/2022-08在西安市第一医院门诊就诊的8～14岁青少年患者101例,其中配戴角膜塑形镜组51例及配戴框架眼镜组50例,均取右眼入组。比较两组患者结膜囊细菌培养情况,采用基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱仪鉴定种类,对配戴角膜塑形镜组培养阳性菌株进行药物敏感性实验。结果：配戴角膜塑形镜组患者结膜囊细菌培养阳性率为68.6%(35/51),配戴框架眼镜组培养阳性率为60.0%(30/50)(P>0.05),两组检出率最高的菌种均为表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。配戴角膜塑形镜组检出菌株对药物的敏感率为：左氧氟沙星(98%)、莫西沙星(98%)、加替沙星(98%)、头孢呋辛(98%)、头孢硫脒(98%)、利福平(98%)、氯霉素(96%)、头孢西丁(95%)、克林霉素(80%)、庆大霉素(74%)、夫西地酸(72%)、妥布霉素(64%)、复方新诺明(26%)、美洛西林(10%)、阿奇霉素(6%),其中革兰氏阳性球菌对万古霉素敏感率为100%。结论：青少年配戴角膜塑形镜后结膜囊主要分离菌属为革兰氏阳性球菌,戴镜不会明显提高其结膜囊细菌阳性率。药敏结果对戴镜者发生眼部感染后的经验性用药可能有指导意义。     

白内障超声乳化患者结膜囊细菌学特征和药物敏感性分析

目的　比较白内障手术患者结膜囊中分离的细菌菌群对不同抗生素的耐药性，分析结膜囊细菌菌群的耐药趋势，从而指导眼部抗生素药物的合理使用。方法　选取2018年2月至2019年2月行白内障超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术的老年性白内障患者共1444眼为研究对象，使用无菌棉签收集下结膜穹隆标本，送实验室行细菌培养及药物敏感性试验。结果　结膜囊细菌培养阳性率为24.58%，其中最常见的是表皮葡萄球菌（69.86%），其次是金黄色葡萄球菌（12.39%），革兰阴性菌仅占 3.94%；细菌培养阳性率与年龄、糖尿病相关，而与性别、季节、高血压无关；耐药性方面，表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素、复方新诺明的耐药率高（>90.00%），对左氧氟沙星（＞30.00%）以及红霉素和阿奇霉素（＞70.00%）等耐药率稍高，而对苯唑西林、万古霉素、莫西沙星等较敏感。革兰阴性菌对复方新诺明（90.01%）、氨苄西林（80.00%）耐药率高，而对头孢哌酮、替卡西林、美罗培南、亚胺培南、阿米卡星、环丙沙星耐药率低，本次未检测出耐药菌株。结论　白内障患者结膜囊细菌培养阳性率与年龄、糖尿病相关，表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌是最常见的细菌，其对苯唑西林、万古霉素、莫西沙星耐药率较低，可用于指导术前合理用药。     

Prospective randomized comparison of 1-day versus 3-day application of topical levofloxacin in eliminating conjunctival flora

PURPOSE: To compare efficacy of a 1-day versus 3-day application of topical levofloxacin in reducing ocular surface bacteria. METHODS: In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 100 volunteer patients (50 per group) were assigned to receive topical 0.5% levofloxacin four times daily for 1 day or 3 days. Conjunctival cultures were obtained prior to (T0) and after the application of antibiotics (T1). Additionally, all patients received topical levofloxacin at 5-minute intervals for three applications (T2), followed by two drops of topical 5% povidone-iodine (T3). Conjunctival cultures were obtained at timepoints T2 and T3. RESULTS: A 1-day application of topical levofloxacin significantly reduced (p = 0.0004) the number of eyes with positive conjunctival cultures from 41 eyes (82%) to 23 eyes (46%). Similarly, a 3-day application significantly reduced (p = 0.0001) the positive culture rate from 37 eyes (74%) to 17 eyes (34%). Two drops of povidone-iodine further reduced the positive culture rate for both groups to 20% (10 eyes for each group). There was no significant difference in positive culture rate between the 1-day and 3-day groups at T0 (p = 0.4689), T1 (p = 0.3074), T2 (p = 0.6706), or T3 (p = 1.000). CONCLUSIONS: The application of topical 0.5% levofloxacin for 1 or 3 days significantly reduced the number of eyes with positive conjunctival cultures. The addition of 5% povidone-iodine further eliminated bacteria from the conjunctiva. The application of levofloxacin for 1 day appears to be as effective as a 3-day application.     

Prospective randomized comparison of 3-day versus 1-hour preoperative ofloxacin prophylaxis for cataract surgery

PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of reducing conjunctival bacterial flora with topical ofloxacin when given for 3 days compared with 1 hour before surgery. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-two eyes from 89 patients were randomized to a control group (48 eyes) or study group (44 eyes). METHODS: All patients from both groups received topical ofloxacin 0.3% 1 hour before surgery and a 5% povidone iodine scrub of the periorbital area before surgery. The patients in the study group received additional ofloxacin four times daily for 3 days before surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Conjunctival cultures were obtained at five separate time points and were inoculated in solid and liquid culture media. The presence of bacteria was determined, quantified, and identified. RESULTS: Forty-two percent of eyes in the control group had positive conjunctival culture immediately before surgery, compared with 19% of eyes in the study group (P < 0.05). Immediately after surgery, 34% and 14% of eyes had positive cultures in the control and study groups, respectively (P < 0.05). Quantitatively, fewer bacteria were isolated from eyes in the study group compared with those in the control group for culture samples that were obtained both before povidone iodine scrub and at the conclusion of surgery (P 相似文献   

A prospective randomized study to determine the efficacy of preoperative topical levofloxacin in reducing conjunctival bacterial flora

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of topical levofloxacin in combination with povidone-iodine irrigation vs povidone-iodine (PVI) alone in reducing conjunctival bacteria. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial. METHODS: One hundred and forty eyes of 140 patients scheduled to undergo intraocular surgery eyes were randomized to either group 1 or 2 (70 each). Whereas group 1 eyes had no prophylactic antibiotic, eyes in group 2 received topical treatment with one drop of 0.5% levofloxacin four times on the day before surgery. Both groups underwent irrigation of the fornices with 1% PVI. Conjunctival swabs were inoculated on solid and broth culture media to determine bacterial growth. RESULTS: Of 132 eyes evaluated, baseline culture analysis in thioglycolate demonstrated positive culture results in 55 (84.6%) of 65 eyes from group 1, similar to 55 (82.1%) of 67 eyes in group 2 (P = .697). Before surgery, 57 (87.7%) of 65 eyes in group 1 had positive culture results, compared with 50 (74.6%) of 67 eyes in group 2 (P = .055). After irrigation with PVI, 20 (30.8 %) of 65 eyes in group 1 had positive culture results, compared with only eight (11.9%) of 67 eyes in group 2 (P = .008). After surgery, 15 (23.1%) of 65 eyes in group 1 and six (9.0%) of 67 eyes in group 2 had positive culture results (P = .027). CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows an enhanced effect of using topical levofloxacin in combination with PVI irrigation to reduce conjunctival bacteria in patients undergoing intraocular surgery.     

白内障超声乳化术中灌注液加入头孢呋辛对房水细菌污染的控制作用

目的　评估白内障超声乳化术中灌注液加入头孢呋辛对房水细菌污染的控制作用。方法　选取2017年5月至8月在青岛眼科医院接受白内障超声乳化手术治疗的患者为研究对象，根据术中灌注液的不同分为两组，对照组99例（102眼）使用平衡盐溶液灌注液；试验组93例（100眼）使用含头孢呋辛（1.5 g·L^-1）的平衡盐溶液灌注液。两组患者分别于入院时（未局部应用抗菌药物前）、术前（聚维酮碘冲洗结膜囊后）行结膜囊细菌培养，于手术结束时行房水细菌培养，并对两组患者结膜囊及房水细菌培养结果进行比较。结果　入院时，对照组与试验组结膜囊细菌培养阳性率为50.00%和51.00%，差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.020，P=0.887）；术前，对照组与试验组结膜囊细菌培养阳性率为25.5%和27.0%，差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.059，P=0.807）；手术结束时，对照组与试验组房水细菌培养阳性率为5.9%和0，差异有统计学意义（F=6.062，P=0.029）。结论　使用含头孢呋辛（1.5 g·L^-1）的灌注液能减少白内障超声乳化术的房水细菌污染。     

Comparison of preoperative conjunctival bacterial flora in patients undergoing glaucoma or cataract surgery

PURPOSE: To assess differences in conjunctival bacterial flora between patients undergoing glaucoma and cataract surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study comparing conjunctival bacterial cultures obtained from 339 patients undergoing either cataract (n = 258) or glaucoma (n = 81) surgery. All cultures were acquired during the preoperative visit, approximately three to seven days prior to surgery. The culture samples were inoculated onto blood and chocolate agar, as well as blood culture broth media. All bacterial isolates were identified and statistical analyses were performed to determine if there were differences in flora between the eyes undergoing cataract versus glaucoma surgery. RESULTS: Two hundred fifteen of 258 eyes (83%) undergoing cataract surgery were found to have positive bacterial growth, compared with 62 of 81 eyes (77%) of those undergoing glaucoma surgery (P = 0.2246). Coagulase-negative Staphylococci, the most common bacterial isolate, was cultured from 167 eyes (65%) in the cataract group and 42 (52%) in the glaucoma group (P = 0.0514). Among all bacterial isolates, only Corynebacterium species was found to be statistically different between the two patient groups with 92 (36%) and 11 (14%) eyes testing positive in the cataract and glaucoma groups, respectively (P = 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of conjunctival culture samples testing positive for bacterial growth in eyes undergoing glaucoma surgery compared with those undergoing cataract surgery. Glaucoma medications, or their preservatives, do not appear to significantly alter conjunctival flora. Techniques used for endophthalmitis prophylaxis prior to cataract surgery are likely appropriate for glaucoma surgery as well.     

Effect of topical netilmicin on the reduction of bacterial flora on the human conjunctiva

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of topical netilmicin on human conjunctival bacterial flora. METHODS: Fifty-six patients' eyes with cataract were treated three times a day with netilmicin 1 day before the surgery. The fellow eyes of the patients were not treated. After 1 day of netilmicin application cultures of the inferior palpebral conjunctiva were performed in both eyes. Bacterial evaluation is qualitative. McNemar test was used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: The number of eyes with positive culture for coagulase negative staphylococcus (CNS) in untreated eyes was 43 (76.8%) and in treated eyes it was 5 (8.93%) and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.000). In untreated eyes number of negative cultures with no bacterial growth was 8 (14.3%) and it was 47 (83.9%) in the treated eyes. The difference among groups was statistically significant (p=0.000). Netilmicin is found very effective for CNS as the percentage of positive cultures (n=43) in untreated eyes to positive cultures (n=4) in the treated fellow eye was 90.7%. Likewise, all patients with Staphylococcus aureus positive cultures in untreated eyes (n=5) had negative culture for this microorganism in their treated fellow eyes (100%). CONCLUSIONS: The Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study demonstrated that the most common causes of postoperative endophthalmitis are coagulase negative microorganisms, S aureus and Streptococcus species. As netilmicin was found effective to reduce the number of positive cultures for these bacteria, it can be used to lower the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis before surgery.     

Comparative clinical study of conjunctival toxicities of newer generation fluoroquinolones without the influence of preservatives

AIM: To compare the conjunctival epithelial toxicities of three newer-generation fluoroquinolones without preservatives. METHODS: In a prospective, randomized, double blind comparative study, 47 eyes of 47 patients with a primary pterygium were enrolled, and divided randomly into three groups (levofloxacin 0.5%, gatifloxacin 0.3%, and moxifloxacin 0.5%). After pterygium surgery with the same conjunctival autograft technique, each patient maintained a regimen with a randomly assigned fluoroquinolone eye drop. Patients were examined every other day after surgery until the epithelium had completely healed. Photos were taken and used to measure the area of residual epithelial defects. Conjunctival healing time and speed (initial defect area/healing time (mm2/d) compared in each group using Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in mean age, gender, and conjunctival defect size of the donor site between these groups. However, the mean of conjunctival healing time and speed were statistically different in each group. The mean of conjunctival epithelial healing time was 8.93±2.69d (levofloxacin group), 10.31±2.96d (gatifloxacin group), and 13.50±4.10d (moxifloxacin group), P=0.006. The mean conjuctival epithelial healing speed was 6.18±1.39 mm2/d (levofloxacin group), 5.52±1.68 mm2/d (gatifloxacin group), and 4.40±1.30 mm2/d (moxifloxacin group), P=0 .003. CONCLUSION: Without the influence of preservatives, levofloxacin and gatifloxacin might be less toxic to the regeneration of conjunctival epithelial cells and cause a faster conjunctival wound healing relative to moxifloxacin.     

角膜移植手术患者术前结膜囊细菌培养菌群分布及影响因素研究

目的 研究角膜移植手术术前结膜囊菌群分布及其影响因素.设计回顾性病例系列.研究对象2017年8月至2019年4月北京大学第三医院眼科572例角膜移植手术患者.排除现存眼部感染者.方法 回顾患者术前结膜囊细菌培养及药物敏感性试验结果及病例资料,包括术后早期感染患者的随访资料.结膜囊细菌培养阳性者作为病例组,阴性者为对照组...