多囊卵巢综合征患者IVF治疗中超促排卵方案的对比研究

目的:探讨不同的超排卵方案对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者实施IVF-ET治疗过程的影响。方法:回顾分析行IVF治疗、长方案超促排卵的PCOS患者134个移植周期,比较分析不同超促排卵方案、促排卵药物的IVF-ET结局。结果:①递增方案组(n=7,6)总Gn使用量明显大于递减方案组(n=74)、Coasting方案组(n=16)和恒量方案组(n=18)(P<0.05)。②后期添加hMG组(n=61)总Gn使用量明显大于单用FSH组(n=73)(P<0.05),着床率也明显降低(P<0.05),但临床妊娠率无显著性差异(P=0.064);③普丽康组(n=43)与果纳芬+hMG组(n=22)及普丽康+hMG组(n=39)相比,总Gn使用量明显减少(P<0.05),而与果纳芬组(n=30)间无统计学差异;普丽康组与普丽康+hMG组相比,获卵数明显增加(P<0.05)。结论:PCOS患者的长方案超排卵方案中,递增方案增加了Gn使用总量而临床妊娠率有偏低的趋势;添加hMG不能提高着床率和临床妊娠率;单纯普丽康超排卵有减少总Gn使用量,增加获卵数的趋势。     

多囊卵巢综合征与相关基因多态性的研究进展

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)是一种常见的异质性内分泌疾病,是导致女性不孕的常见因素。该病的病因仍不明了,遗传因素在其发病中起一定作用。分子遗传学研究表明,PCOS发生机制与影响甾体激素、促性腺激素、性腺激素和胰岛素的合成和代谢以及物质能量调节的基因密切相关,其中一些关键基因,如胆固醇侧链裂解(CYP11A)基因、芳香化酶(CYP19)基因、17β-类固醇脱氢酶(17β-HSD)基因、促卵泡素基因受体(FSHR)基因、雄激素受体(AR)基因、雌激素受体(ER)基因、性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)基因、过氧化物体增殖激活受体(PPARγ)基因、脂联素(adiponectin)基因、胰岛素基因的微卫星(INS VNTR)、胰岛素受体(INSR)基因、胰岛素受体底物蛋白(IRS)基因等的多态性尤其是单核苷酸多态性可能起重要的作用。     

胰岛素基因多态性与多囊卵巢综合征的相关性研究

目的:研究胰岛素(INS)基因多态性与多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)发病间的相关性。方法:PCOS(216例)和非PCOS(192例,正常对照组)患者记录月经周期,计算BMI,检测其血清生殖激素,采用PCR法,分析INS基因多态性。结果:①与其他人种相比,中国人INS中T等位基因频率较低(7.3%)。②PCOS患者INS的A/A,A/T,T/T基因型分布(分别为0.894,0.097,0.009)与非PCOS人群的分布(分别为0.859,0.135,0.005)无显著差异。③PCOS组中,基因型A/T患者总睾酮(T)值显著高于其他2种基因型的T值,而初潮年龄、BMI和其他血清生殖激素值在各基因型间无显著差异。正常对照组中,BMI及生殖激素在各基因型间均无显著差异。结论:INS-23/HphⅠ单核苷酸多态性与中国汉族女性PCOS发病无相关性,但A/T等位基因的表达可能会影响雄激素水平。     

多囊卵巢综合征促排卵方案的现状

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者最常表现闭经或月经稀发,无排卵和不孕。生育年龄有生育要求的治疗以促排卵、调节代谢为主。PCOS促排卵的结局易造成多卵泡发育,卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)、多胎妊娠的发生率较高,或者对促排卵药物不反应或卵泡期过长,提早黄素化等。目前应用于临床的促排卵药物及促排卵方案较多。本文将针对目前PCOS的促排方案加以综述和比较。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者的胰岛素抵抗

多囊卵巢综合征（peOS）是女性常见的生殖功能障碍性疾病,主要表现为卵巢的雄激素过多及无排卵,其发生率占生育年龄妇女的5％－10％卜］。此外,PCOS患者也存在糖代谢异常,主要表现为胰岛素抵抗（IR）及代偿性高胰岛素血症,其糖耐量低减的发生率也占生育年龄妇女的10％［'］。现就关于poOS的IR基础及临床方面研究进展作一综述。一、胰岛素作用及IR（一）胰岛素作用的细胞机理胰岛素是人体最重要的代谢激素,也是唯一降糖激素。胰岛素的生物学作用主要是调节糖代谢和脂代谢,还通过调控基因表达和蛋白质合成等进一步影响相应器官的…     

瘦素与多囊卵巢综合征

<正>多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovarian syndrome,PCOS)是一组发病多因性、临床表现异质性的综合征,典型临床特征是雄激素过多和长期无排卵。是育     

戈那瑞林(GnRH)在多囊卵巢综合征患者中的促排卵作用

目的:探讨国产戈那瑞林(GnRH)预防多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)不孕患者中促排卵后卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)发生的临床价值。方法:PCOS不孕患者14例,常规使用氯米氛和hMG/FSH促进卵泡发育,当卵泡直径≥18mm时给予戈那瑞林100μg(皮下注射)诱发排卵,指导当天同房;阴道超声证实排卵后给予黄体酮20mg/d肌注,16d后复诊。观察排卵率、妊娠率、OHSS和多胎妊娠的发生率。结果:排卵率85.7%,妊娠率50%,其中1例多胎妊娠出现中度OHSS,但无重度OHSS的发生。结论:戈那瑞林(GnRH)可降低PCOS患者诱发排卵时中、重度OHSS的发生。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者胰岛素抵抗与脂代谢的关系

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者胰岛素抵抗(IR)、肥胖及血脂代谢的关系。方法:把PCOS病人分成IR组(15例),非IR组(25例),另设正常育龄妇女为对照组(20例)三组,检测空腹血甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)、胰岛素(INS)释放试验,并计算体重指数(BMI)和腰臀比(WHR)。结果:(1)BMI、WHR三组间差别有显著意义(P<0.05,P0.05),后者三组间差别有显著意义(P<0.05)。结论:PCOS病人的IR与肥胖及脂代谢关系密切,使发生心血管疾病风险增加。     

预测多囊卵巢综合征促排卵治疗结局的研究

目的 探讨影响多囊卵巢综合征（ＰＣＯＳ）患者促排卵治疗结局的相关因素,建立分类树分析（ＣＡＲＴ）模型。方法 采用放射免疫方法,测定１０３例ＰＣＯＳ患者及３１例正常妇女血清雌二醇（Ｅ２）、睾酮（Ｔ）、雄烯二酮（Ａ）、促卵泡激素（ＦＳＨ）、黄体生成素（ＬＨ）、垂体泌乳素（ＰＲＬ）水平,进行口服糖耐量试验及胰岛素释放试验,应用氯米芬（ＣＣ）／人绒毛膜促性腺激素（ｈＣＧ）、ＣＣ／人绝经期促性腺激素（ｈＭＧ     

多囊卵巢综合征的表观遗传学研究

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是关乎女性一生的疾病,在其病因学、诊断标准和最佳治疗方案上尚有许多争论和悬而未决的问题。遗传和环境因素共同导致了PCOS的发生,但至今仍未发现与PCOS确切相关的特异基因。而环境因素通过何种介导机制影响PCOS的发生,依然不明确。表观遗传学将环境因素和遗传因素很好地联系起来,PCOS的发生也许与表观遗传学的异常机制有关。     

Assessment of insulin resistance in Chinese PCOS patients with normal glucose tolerance

The study aimed to investigate insulin resistance (IR) status in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), and further to evaluate feasible diagnostic method for those patients. Three hundred and twenty-five PCOS women with NGT and ninety-five healthy age-matched controls were recruited with Rotterdam criterion and 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). IR status was estimated following a glycemic and insulinemic OGTT (0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min). A modified HOMA-IR formula was applied to each time-course value of glycemia and insulinemia. The predictive performance of each IR index was analyzed with the use of ROC curves. Compared with healthy controls, both non-obese and obese PCOS patients with NGT had a higher BMI, serum glucose, insulin value (p?相似文献   

Assessment of oxytocin level,glucose metabolism components and cutoff values for oxytocin and anti-mullerian hormone in infertile PCOS women

Objective

Comparing oxytocin level and some other parameters between infertile women with or without polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), to evaluate the correlation between oxytocin with anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), Body Mass Index (BMI) and insulin resistance (IR).

促性腺激素释放激素激动剂在多囊卵巢综合征促排卵高危周期中的应用

目的探讨促性腺激素释放激素激动剂（ＧｎＲＨａ）代替ｈＣＧ在多囊卵巢综合征（ＰＣＯＳ）中诱发排卵治疗的效果及并发症。方法对采用绝经期促性腺激素或卵泡刺激素促排卵治疗的１４例ＰＣＯＳ患者（１８个周期）,于卵泡≥１８ｍｍ时给予ＧｎＲＨａ,观测血清雌二醇（Ｅ２）水平、排卵率、妊娠率、卵巢过度刺激综合征（ＯＨＳＳ）和多胎妊娠发生情况。结果１４例１８个治疗周期给予ＧｎＲＨａ日血清Ｅ２为（８３７９±２９５８）ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ,周期排卵率和妊娠率分别为８３３％和２２２％。中度ＯＨＳＳ和多胎妊娠各１例。结论在ＰＣＯＳ不孕患者中以ＧｎＲＨａ代替ｈＣＧ具有相似的排卵率和妊娠率,但能明显降低ＯＨＳＳ发生率,减少多胎妊娠。     

Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs in cumulus cells isolated from PCOS patients

Purpose

To describe the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) profiles in cumulus cells isolated from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients by employing a microarray and in-depth bioinformatics analysis. This information will help us understand the occurrence and development of PCOS.

Methods

In this study, we used a microarray to describe lncRNA profiles in cumulus cells isolated from ten patients (five PCOS and five normal women). Several differentially expressed lncRNAs were chosen to validate the microarray results by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Then, the differentially expressed lncRNAs were classified into three subgroups (HOX loci lncRNA, enhancer-like lncRNA, and lincRNA) to deduce their potential features. Furthermore, a lncRNA/mRNA co-expression network was constructed by using the Cytoscape software (V2.8.3, http://www.cytoscape.org/).

Results

We observed that 623 lncRNAs and 260 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were significantly up- or down-regulated (≥2-fold change), and these differences could be used to discriminate cumulus cells of PCOS from those of normal patients. Five differentially expressed lncRNAs (XLOC_011402, ENST00000454271, ENST00000433673, ENST00000450294, and ENST00000432431) were selected to validate the microarray results using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The qRT-PCR results were consistent with the microarray data. Further analysis indicated that many differentially expressed lncRNAs were transcribed from chromosome 2 and may act as enhancers to regulate their neighboring protein-coding genes. Forty-three lncRNAs and 29 mRNAs were used to construct the coding-non-coding gene co-expression network. Most pairs positively correlated, and one mRNA correlated with one or more lncRNAs.

Conclusions

Our study is the first to determine genome-wide lncRNA expression patterns in cumulus cells isolated from PCOS patients by microarray. The results show that clusters of lncRNAs were aberrantly expressed in cumulus cells of PCOS patients compared with those of normal women, which revealed that lncRNAs differentially expressed in PCOS and normal women may contribute to the occurrence of PCOS and affect oocyte development.

     

Efficacy of an oral contraceptive containing drospirenone in the treatment of women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Objective To investigate the efficacy of a combined oral contraceptive containing 30 µg ethinyloestradiol and 3 mg drospirenone in the treatment of hyperandrogenism affecting women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods Prospective open study of 20 women for six cycles. At the beginning and at the end of the study the following values were determined: the Ferriman–Gallwey (F–G) score, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, serum levels of testosterone, SHBG, immune reactive insulin (IRI), glucose, the free androgenic index, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).

Results All 20 women completed six cycles of therapy. The medication was well tolerated. At the end of the study there was a significant improvement of hirsutism, expressed in the decrease of the F–G score, accompanied by a decrease of testosterone and an increase of SHBG values. The carbohydrate metabolism was not affected significantly.

Conclusion The combined oral contraceptive containing 30 µg ethinyloestradiol and 3 mg drospirenone is an effective drug in the treatment of hyperandrogenism in women with PCOS; it elicits few side effects and does not significantly influence insulin resistance.     

体质量指数对多囊卵巢综合征患者移植优质胚胎后早期妊娠丢失的影响

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者体质量指数(BMI)对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVFET)助孕后早期妊娠丢失(包括生化丢失和早期流产)的影响。方法:回顾性分析2011年1月至2013年9月诊断为PCOS并接受体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)助孕的患者,仅入选有优质胚胎可供移植的共453个周期(453例)的临床资料,除外低体质量组(BMI18.5 kg/m~2)的13个周期后,根据BMI分为3组:正常组(18.5 kg/m~2≤BMI24.0 kg/m~2)229个周期,超重组(24.0 kg/m~2≤BMI28.0kg/m~2)136个周期和肥胖组(BMI≥28.0 kg/m~2)75个周期。对3组的基础、代谢、早期的妊娠丢失情况进行比较,并对早期妊娠丢失的相关因素行多元Logistic回归分析。结果:1正常组的LH值(11.45±5.95 U/L)高于肥胖组(8.64±4.34 U/L);空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)指标在正常组、超重组和肥胖组间呈上升趋势,3组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。2接受优质胚胎移植后,肥胖组早期妊娠丢失率、生化妊娠丢失率明显高于正常组和超重组(P0.05),而种植率明显低于正常组(P0.05)。3Logistic回归分析显示:PCOS患者移植优质胚胎后,早期妊娠丢失与年龄、基础雄激素水平、BMI呈正相关(P0.05),与移植日内膜厚度呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:BMI增高显著伴随着基础LH水平和胰岛素抵抗指标的异常,增高的BMI可能是导致胚胎质量良好的PCOS患者早期妊娠丢失(尤其是生化妊娠丢失)的独立因素之一。     

生长激素在多囊卵巢综合征促排卵中的作用

目的　探讨生长激素(GH)在多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者促排卵中的作用。方法　测定130例PCOS患者(PCOS组)及107例正常妇女(对照组)的血中生殖激素及GH和胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ(IGF-Ⅱ)的基础水平,并应用GH辅助促排卵方案治疗7例对人绝经期促性腺激素(hMG)反应不良的PCOS患者,观察疗效。结果　PCOS患者血中GH水平明显降低,肥胖者更为明显,非肥胖与肥胖者分别为(2.50±1.33)μg/L及(1.04±0.47)μg/L,而对照组肥胖与非肥胖者分别为(2.95±1.49)μg/L、（5.30±2.26）μg/L（P均<0.05）;PCOS组肥胖者IGF-Ⅱ水平为（136±27）nmol/L,高于非肥胖者的（123±20）nmol/L,两者比较,差异有显著性（P<0.05）。应用GH辅助促排卵治疗,可以明显减少hMG用量1～12支,缩短hMG刺激时间3～12d,增加优势卵泡的数量。结论　PCOS患者存在GH分泌障碍,应用GH辅助促排卵可以提高排卵率。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者不同糖代谢状态的临床分析

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者不同糖代谢状态的临床表现以及生殖内分泌和糖脂代谢特点。方法:选择连续就诊的1 212 PCOS患者,检测双侧卵巢窦前卵泡数、血清性激素、血脂水平,并行口服葡萄糖糖耐量试验(OGTT)及胰岛素(Ins)检测,计算体质量指数(BMI)、葡萄糖(Glu)和Ins曲线下面积等参数。根据血糖水平将PCOS患者分为糖耐量正常(NGT)组、空腹血糖受损(IFG)组、糖耐量受损(IGT)组、混合型糖耐量受损(CGI)组及糖尿病(T2DM)组,比较各组PCOS患者糖、脂代谢指标及激素水平的差异。结果:PCOS患者糖耐量异常的发生率为35.3%(428/1 212),其中10.3%(125/1 212)为IFG,18.5%(224/1 212)为IGT,6.5%(79/1 212)为CGI,糖尿病发生率为5.9%(71/1 212)。随着糖代谢紊乱的加重,BMI明显上升,多囊卵巢(PCO)表现的比例有所减少,雄激素水平下降,LH/FSH比值逐渐下降。在IGT组、CGI组和T2DM组,随着糖代谢状态的恶化,各时相的血糖及胰岛素水平逐渐升高,糖负荷后2 h的Ins分泌较糖负荷后1 h明显增加,但在IFG组不明显,且其InsAUC和GluAUC较NGT组无统计学差异;各组的血脂水平逐渐增高,高密度脂蛋白(HDL)逐渐下降,但IFG组血脂较NGT组无升高(P0.05)。结论:PCOS患者糖代谢紊乱与脂代谢异常明显相关;雄激素异常水平与糖代谢异常无关。     

The effect of metformin treatment to ovarian response in cases with PCOS

Objective. To examine the effect of metformin therapy on ovarian response in clomiphene-resistant PCOS patients. Design. Randomized prospective study. Setting. Zeynep Kamil Hospital IVF Center. Patients. Thirty-two female PCOS patients with clomiphene citrate resistance. Interventions. Test group A received 2×850 mg/day metformin therapy for 8 weeks, followed by gonadotropin induction. Only gonadotropin induction was applied to Control group B. Main outcome measures. Total gonadotropin dosage, duration of gonadotropin therapy, estradiol level on HCG-day, number of follicles with ≥16 mm diameter, number of cases with hyperstimulation development, number of cancelled cycles, endometrial thickness on HCG-day, pregnancy outcome, multiple pregnancy rate. Results. The total gonadotropin doses given to metformin-study group was significantly lower than the control group. In addition, duration of therapy, HCG level, plasma estradiol level on HCG-day in the study group was significantly lower than in the control group. Conclusions. Metformin therapy has led to a higher pregnancy outcome, as well as to a decrease in hyperstimulation risk, cycle cancellations, and multiple pregnancy rates with a lower gonadotropin dosage.     

Odd variation of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test results in a Japanese patient with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case report

We report a young woman of normal body weight who was diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and had an odd variation of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This woman underwent the 75 g OGTT to evaluate the association between PCOS and insulin secretion capacity. Although the blood sugar levels were within normal range before the OGTT load test, we noted an odd variation of insulin response in which a condition of hyperinsulinemia after the load test was followed suddenly by hypoglycemia. Hyperandrogenism in the PCOS patient and insulin resistance indicated by 75 g OGTT suggest that insulin may influence the ovary and that there could be an association between this disease and insulin resistance. The insulinogenic index in this case showed higher than normal values, demonstrating that there was a positive correlation between hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. This patient experienced ovulation followed by pregnancy after treatment with an herbal medicine called Shakuyaku–Kanzo–To. We believed that identifying the subset of PCOS woman who is insulin resistant may be useful, as this resistance could be import in terms of follow-up and future exploration.