安氏I类拥挤拔牙病例软组织侧貌变化

目的探讨安氏Ⅰ类错(牙合)牙列拥挤经拔除4个第一前磨牙矫治前后牙颌面软组织的变化,了解矫治对软组织变化的影响.方法选择泸州医学院附属口腔医学院正畸科连续收治的安氏Ⅰ类错()牙列拥挤患者19例,采用拔除4个第一前磨牙,用标准方丝弓技术矫治.在矫治前、后摄X线头颅定位侧位片,对11个软组织标志点的变化进行分析.结果H角平均减少2.4°(P＜0.05);软组织面角平均增大3.28°(P＜0.05);颏唇沟深度平均增加1.08 mm(P＜0.05).结论安氏Ⅰ类错()牙列拥挤经拔除4个第一前磨牙矫治后软组织变化主要表现在上唇相对于面前软组织的前突度减少.     

安氏Ⅰ类拥挤拔牙矫治后磨牙及切牙位置变化的研究

目的 :探讨安氏I类错牙合牙列拥挤经拔除 4个第一前磨牙矫治后磨牙及切牙位置的变化。方法 :选用泸州医学院附属口腔医学院正畸科连续收治的安氏I类错牙合牙列拥挤患者 2 0例 (男 8,女 12 ) ,年龄 14～16岁。均采用拔除 4个第一前磨牙 ,用方丝弓细丝弓技术矫治 ,牙性支抗。在矫治前后摄X线头颅定位侧位片 ,对磨牙及切牙位置进行测量比较分析。结果 :上颌磨牙牙冠平均前移 3 .15mm ,上颌切牙牙冠平均后移 2 .5 5mm ;下颌磨牙牙冠平均前移 4.3mm ,下颌切牙牙冠平均后移 1.78mm。结论 :牙性支抗 (弱支抗 )控制下 ,安氏Ⅰ类错牙合牙列拥挤拔牙矫治后上下磨牙及切牙位置均有明显变化 ,且相对RL线磨牙前移较切牙后移更大。     

安氏I类拔牙病例关闭间隙时切牙移动方式分析

目的:探讨安氏I类错牙合拔牙病例关闭间隙时切牙的移动方式。方法:安氏I类错牙合牙列拥挤病例20例,均拔除4个第一前磨牙,采用方丝弓细丝弓技术矫治,牙性支抗(弱支抗)。矫治前后摄X线头颅定位侧位片,对切牙位置及硬、软组织进行测量分析。结果:上颌切牙牙冠平均后移2.55mm;牙根平均后移0.20mm,下颌切牙牙冠平均后移1.78mm、牙根平均后移0.28mm。结论:牙性支抗控制下,安氏I类错牙合拔牙病例关闭间隙时切牙移动是有控制的倾斜移动。     

安氏Ⅰ类拔牙病例关闭间隙时切牙移动方式分析

目的：探讨安氏Ⅰ类错[牙合]拔牙病例关闭间隙时切牙的移动方式。方法：安氏Ⅰ类错[牙合]牙列拥挤病例20例,均拔除4个第一前磨牙,采用方丝弓细丝弓技术矫治,牙性支抗（弱支抗）。矫治前后摄X线头颅定位侧位片,对切牙位置及硬、软组织进行测量分析。结果：上颌切牙牙冠平均后移2．55mm;牙根平均后移0．20mm,下颌切牙牙冠平均后移1．78mm、牙根平均后移0．28mm。结论：牙性支抗控制下,安氏Ⅰ类错[牙合]拔牙病例关闭间隙时切牙移动是有控制的倾斜移动。     

安氏I类错拔牙病例矫治前后Tweed三角的变化

目的 :探讨安氏I类错伴牙列拥挤经拔除四个第一双尖牙矫治前后Tweed三角的变化 ,了解矫治对颜面侧貌的影响。材料和方法 :选用泸州医学院口腔正畸科连续收治的安氏I类错伴牙列拥挤患者 19例 ,男性 7名 ,女性 12名 ,年龄 14至 16岁。均采用拔除四个第一双尖牙 ,用标准方丝弓矫治 ,矫治后达到个别正常。每位患者治疗前后取记存模型、拍摄正、侧位面像 ,测量牙列拥挤度 ;治疗前后拍摄头颅定位侧位片 ,所有X线片均由一人在一段时间内连续完成描绘和测量 ,对Tweed三角的变化进行分析。Tweed三角测量分析包括 3项计测项目 :FMA(眶耳平面与下颌平面的交角 ) ,IMPA(下中切牙长轴与下颌平面的交角 ) ,FMIA(下中切牙长轴与眶耳平面的交角 )。结果 :FMIA角平均增加 7.10 5 3度 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;IMPA角平均减少 7.36 84度 (P <0 .0 5 =。结论 :本研究所选病例安氏I类错伴牙列拥挤患者 ,均拔除 4个第一双尖牙 ,采用标准方丝弓矫治 ,通过改变下中切牙的位置和倾斜度使Tweed三角有明显变化;;三项角度中有二项有显著性差异;;治疗后FMIA及IMPA更近正常值;;使颜貌更符合Tweed追求的直面型。对临床有一定的指导意义。     

双颌前突用无托槽隐形矫治器矫治1例

患者为安氏I类、均角的牙列轻度拥挤伴双颌软组织前突,拔除4个第一前磨牙,应用国产无托槽隐形矫治器矫治,解除牙列拥挤,内收上下前牙,建立前牙正常覆覆盖及尖牙、磨牙中性咬合关系,前突侧貌改善明显。     

成人非拥挤安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)单颌拔牙矫治X线头影测量分析

目的:通过拔除上颌双侧第一前磨牙矫治成人非拥挤安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合),探讨治疗前后硬软组织的改变及意义.方法:选择非拥挤安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)的成年患者11例,所有病例均拔除上颌双侧第一前磨牙,采用直丝弓矫治技术.将治疗前后X线头影测量结果,采用SPSS 10.0统计软件进行处理.结果:下颌骨发生了轻度后下旋转,上前牙及上唇发生了明显的内收,下前牙被压低,同时发生了轻度唇倾.结论:上颌单颌拔牙矫治成人非拥挤的安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合),改变主要发生在牙齿及牙槽骨水平,颌骨矫形作用不明显,此方法适用于牙性或轻度骨性的成人非拥挤Ⅱ1错(牙合).     

上颌单颌拔牙与双颌拔牙矫治安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合)的软硬组织对比研究

目的探讨上颌单颌拔牙与双颌拔牙矫治安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合)的软硬组织改变的差异.方法选择安氏Ⅱ类1分类患者33例,其中上颌拔除2个前磨牙(甲组)18例,双颌拔除4个前磨牙(乙组)15例,应用X线头影测量技术对其矫治前后的软硬组织的变化进行测量,分析其测量结果.结果两组SNA、SNB、ANB矫治前后的变化无明显差异.乙组上切牙内收与上唇的变化更为显著,颏前点明显前移,下唇凸度明显减小,乙组面型突度变较甲组更为显著.结论上颌单颌拔牙适用于下唇和下切牙凸度小、下颌无拥挤或轻度拥挤的轻中度骨性和牙源性的安氏Ⅱ类1分类患者;双颌拔牙适用于中重度拥挤的中度骨性和牙源性的安氏Ⅱ类1分类患者.     

成人非拥挤安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)单颌拔牙矫治X线头影测量分析

目的：通过拔除上颌双侧第一前磨牙矫治成人非拥挤安氏Ⅱ1错[牙合],探讨治疗前后硬软组织的改变及意义.方法：选择非拥挤安氏Ⅱ1错[牙合]的成年患者11例,所有病例均拔除上颌双侧第一前磨牙,采用直丝弓矫治技术.将治疗前后X线头影测量结果,采用SPSS 10.0统计软件进行处理.结果：下颌骨发生了轻度后下旋转,上前牙及上唇发生了明显的内收,下前牙被压低,同时发生了轻度唇倾.结论：上颌单颌拔牙矫治成人非拥挤的安氏Ⅱ1错[牙合],改变主要发生在牙齿及牙槽骨水平,颌骨矫形作用不明显,此方法适用于牙性或轻度骨性的成人非拥挤Ⅱ1错[牙合].     

安氏I类错[牙合]非常规拔牙模式的矫治体会

目的：观察安氏I类错[牙合]拔除上颌第一前磨牙，下颌第二前磨牙后对支抗的不同需求，以及对咬合关系的影响。方法：选择安氏I类错[牙合]需减数治疗病例25例，拔除上颌第一前磨牙，下颌第二前磨牙后，常规直丝弓矫治器矫治。结果：25例均获得正常覆耠覆盖，尖牙和磨牙中性关系，患者侧貌发生明显改变。结论：安氏I类错[牙合]非常规拔牙模式可消耗下颌支抗，保护上颌支抗，更好地维护了磨牙的中性关系，使疗程缩短。     

Changes in soft tissue profile after orthodontic treatment with and without extractions.

The effects of orthodontic treatment on the facial profile, with or without the extraction of teeth, have greatly concerned orthodontists. A study was made of 80 patients with Angle Class I malocclusion. Forty patients (24 girls, 16 boys) did not undergo extraction of teeth, and 40 patients (23 girls, 17 boys) underwent extraction of maxillary and mandibular first premolars. Data were obtained from the corresponding lateral radiographs of the head taken before and after orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the response of the soft tissue of the facial profile in Class I malocclusions treated with and without the extraction of the 4 first premolars. The main soft tissue differences between the groups at the end of treatment were more retruded upper and lower lips in the extraction patients.     

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提要：骨性Ⅱ类错牙合畸形的掩饰性治疗是正畸矫治的难点之一。正畸掩饰性治疗通过不同的拔牙模式，移动上下牙齿，来掩饰上下颌骨间的Ⅱ类不调关系，改善软组织侧貌。其常见的拔牙模式包括：双颌拔除[4    4]　　、[4    4]　　或[4    4]　　、[5    5]　　，单颌拔除[4    4]　　，或再补充拔除　[1]或　[1]。应根据颌骨畸形程度和生长型、磨牙远中关系程度、牙列拥挤度等畸形特征，具体分析，严格选择。矫治过程中，应结合不同拔牙方案的矫治特点，注意支抗、前牙转矩等的控制，以获得相对理想的治疗效果。     

Soft tissue changes after upper premolar extraction in Class II camouflage therapy

The long-term effect on the facial profile has led many orthodontists to attempt Class II division I camouflage treatment without extraction. Practitioners may cite "dishing in the face" as a reason not to extract. Previous investigations have evaluated the soft tissue response after maxillary incisor retraction, but few have evaluated the effect of maximum retraction in skeletal mandibular deficient Class II patients with essentially no crowding. Twenty-seven Class II division I Caucasian patients with a mean of 8.62 mm of overjet, little to no arch length deficiency, and maximum anchorage requirements were treated with extraction of only maxillary first premolars. Pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalograms were taken. Using several skeletal and soft tissue cephalometric measures, the treatment changes were assessed. The mean maxillary incisor retraction was 5.27 mm, the mean maxillary lip retraction was 2.03 mm, and the mean mandibular lip retraction was 1.23 mm. All the patients finished with good overall facial harmony and balance. The maxillary first premolar extraction for orthodontic camouflage may be a viable treatment option, especially if the patient has full upper lips and only a relative mandibular deficiency.     

上颌单颌拔牙矫治成人安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)的头影测量研究

目的 研究成人安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)病例拔除上颌第一前磨牙矫治前后的硬组织变化,并探讨其矫治特点.方法 采用上述拔牙模式治疗20例成人安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)病例,分析治疗前后X线头影测量结果,比较矫治前后的硬组织变化.结果 下颌骨有顺时针方向旋转趋势.覆盖减少主要由上切牙内收完成,与下切牙关系不明显.结论 成人安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合...     

Comparison of the changes in facial profile after orthodontic treatment,with and without extractions.

Abstract

A study was made of 31 patients with Angle Class II malocclusion. Fifteen patients did not undergo extraction of teeth (Group A), while 16 underwent extractions of four premolars (Group B). Data was obtained from the corresponding lateral radiographs of the head taken both before and after orthodontic treatment. The main aim of the study was to compare the response of the soft and hard tissues of the facial profile in Class II malocclusion treated with the extraction of four premolars and the response of borderline cases presenting with similar malocclusions, but not subjected to extraction. In this latter group reasonable doubt existed as to whether or not to remove teeth in order to solve the occlusal and aesthetic problems. It is concluded that significant hard tissue differences between the groups at the end of treatment were limited to a more retruded position of the incisors and a reduced overbite amongst those patients subjected to extraction. The main soft tissue differences between the groups at the end of treatment were a more retruded lower lip and a more pronounced lower labial sulcus in those patients subjected to extraction.     

成人骨性Ⅱ类高角拔牙病例软组织侧貌变化的研究

目的:研究成人Ⅱ类1分类高角患者拔牙矫治前后软组织侧貌变化情况。方法:选择20例垂直生长型安氏Ⅱ类1分类拔牙病例,矫治前后拍摄头颅侧位片,对12个测量指标进行测量,比较矫治前后软组织变化情况。结果:矫治后TUL-EP、TLL-EP、上下唇位置等减小,而鼻唇角、Z角、颏唇沟倾角等增加,统计学分析结果具有显著差异。结论:成人骨性Ⅱ类高角拔牙病例治疗后侧貌能得到有效改善,随着前牙回收矢状位关系更协调,而垂直向位置关系并未发生明显变化。     

Influence of extraction and nonextraction orthodontic treatment in Japanese-Brazilians with class I and class II division 1 malocclusions.

BACKGROUND: The primary objective of this retrospective, longitudinal, cephalometric investigation was to study the influence of extraction and nonextraction orthodontic treatment on the facial height of Japanese-Brazilian children with Class I and Class II Division 1 malocclusions. METHODS: The sample included 59 mesocephalic patients distributed into 4 groups: group 1: Class I patients treated with 4 first premolar extractions; group 2: Class I patients treated nonextraction; group 3: Class II Division 1 patients treated with 4 first premolar extractions; group 4: Class II Division 1 patients treated nonextraction. The overall initial mean age of the groups was 12.14 years, and all groups were treated with standard edgewise appliances for a mean period of 2.49 years. The pretreatment and posttreatment stage comparison and the intergroup comparison of the treatment changes were conducted between extraction and nonextraction groups in the Class I and Class II malocclusion samples with t tests. RESULTS: The amounts of changes in the absolute magnitude of posterior and anterior facial heights and in the ratios of lower posterior facial height/lower anterior facial height and lower anterior facial height/total anterior facial height were similar between extraction and nonextraction treatment in both Class I and Class II malocclusions.     

Panel perception of facial attractiveness

The full-face and profile photographic transparencies of 60 subjects (30 male, 30 female) divided equally among Angles Class I, Class II Division 1, and Class III malocclusions, taken before and after orthodontic treatment, were randomly distributed in projector carousels and shown to four panels consisting of orthodontists, dental students, art students, and the parents of children undergoing orthodontic treatment. The faces were rated according to the method of Lundstrom et al. (1987). Full-face views generally were rated more attractive than profile views and Class II and Class III malocclusion subjects were rated lower than Class I malocclusion subjects. While the art student and parent panels were less critical in their appraisal of facial attractiveness, they were less sensitive to the changes brought about by orthodontic treatment than the orthodontist and dental student panels, although all could appreciate an improvement in the Class II Division 1 group.