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1.
目的:探讨腹腔镜下膀胱全切回肠代膀胱术围手术期的护理要点.方法:对2例膀胱肿瘤的患者行膀胱全切回肠代膀胱术,术前做好心理护理、术前准备、术后密切观察病情及生命体征变化,做好术后并发症的观察和护理,予以对症护理及出院指导.结果:2例膀胱全切回肠代膀胱术无一例并发症发生,患者病情稳定,均取得满意的治疗效果.结论:膀胱全切回肠代膀胱术是一种较理想的膀胱替代术式,充分术前准备,精心的术后护理以及恢复期代膀胱功能的训练,是确保手术成功的关键.  相似文献   

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目的探讨腹腔镜技术在根治性全膀胱切除回肠原位代膀胱术中的应用价值。方法本组11例均为膀胱尿路上皮癌,TNM分期为T2aN0M07例、T3aN0M03例、T3bN0M01例,麻醉选择气管插管全身麻醉,采用五点穿刺法置入腹腔镜,手术方式为根治性全膀胱切除回肠原位代膀胱术。结果本组11例均手术顺利,无一例中转开放。手术时间为5~8h,平均7h;出血150~450ml,平均350ml。术后肠道功能恢复时间为2~5d,2例出现漏尿,均在14d内消失。术后随访时间为6~12个月,平均10个月。所有病例控尿情况均较理想,超声检查均未发现输尿管扩张、肾积水,2例代膀胱残余尿>100ml,均未发现复发及转移。结论根治性全膀胱切除回肠原位代膀胱术是膀胱癌治疗的一种有效方法。目前膀胱癌根治性切除术有开放性手术和经腹腔镜手术两种,与开放性手术比较,经腹腔镜手术虽具有诸多优势,但仍有必要对一些热点问题进行探讨,寻找更为合理的手术步骤、技巧和方法,从而进一步推动该项技术的发展。  相似文献   

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目的 探讨经阴道联合腹腔镜下根治性女性全膀胱切除及原位回肠新膀胱的手术方法.方法浸润性膀胱癌患者6例,平均年龄61(55~73)岁.5孔法先行腹腔镜下手术:游离输尿管后分侧清扫盆腔淋巴结;举宫器配合下,用血管闭合器LigaSure切断子宫相关韧带及膀胱两侧血管蒂;电凝钩分离子宫直肠陷窝及膀胱前间隙;LigaSure切断阴蒂背血管复合体;超声刀切开膀胱颈尿道后游离膀胱颈后壁至阴道前穹窿部.阴道手术:直视下剪开阴道前后穹窿,于阴道取出标本,缝合阴道.回肠新膀胱术:下腹正中4~5 cnl切口,将回肠拉出切口外,游离30~40 cm回肠,剖开后w形折叠缝合形成贮尿囊;插入法植入输尿管后将贮尿囊还纳腹腔.缝合切口后重新开启气腹,腔镜下行新膀胱尿道吻合. 结果 手术时间平均6.2(4~8)h;出血量平均665(400~1200)ml.术后1~3个月患者均恢复较满意的控尿功能,IVU显示双肾功能良好,无膀胱输尿管反流及梗阻.新膀胱最大容量平均427(300~600)ml.无新膀胱阴道瘘等需要手术处理的严重并发症.术后平均随访16(9~30)个月,6例均存活.1例术后8个月发现肝转移. 结论 经阴道联合腹腔镜下根治性女性全膀胱切除回肠新膀胱术治疗女性浸润性膀胱癌可行、有效,应用举宫器及经阴道直视下手术可一定程度上降低腹腔镜下全膀胱切除术的手术难度、缩短手术时间.由于阴道切口整齐、缝合确切,新膀胱阴道瘘等并发症的发生机会减少.  相似文献   

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对4例膀胱恶性肿瘤患者行膀胱全切原位M形回肠代膀胱术。手术均顺利完成,住院20~30d康复出院。出院后随访2年,3例1年内能自主控制排尿,1例18个月能自主排尿。提出术前做好心理护理.掌握解剖结构及手术流程,严格保持术野的无菌状态,器械的传递做到轻、准、稳、快,与手术医生密切配合,可确保手术顺利进行。  相似文献   

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目的探讨在基层医院采用腹腔镜下全膀胱切除原位回肠新膀胱术的临床应用。方法对15例浸润性膀胱尿路上皮细胞癌Ⅱ~Ⅲ级、1例鳞状细胞癌患者行腹腔镜下全膀胱切除加原位回肠代膀胱术,观察手术时间、术中出血量、术后肠道功能恢复情况及术后并发症等手术效果。结果 16例患者膀胱根治均切除成功,手术时间240~320min。腹腔镜下失血量为100~500ml,平均为230ml。2例输浓缩红细胞2个单位。术后3d恢复肠蠕动并拔除耻骨后引流管,4d后开始进食。2周后拔除输尿管支架管。随访4~26个月,1例有排尿困难,5例术后早期出现轻微尿失禁,所有病例术后3个月均可完全控制排尿,5例男性患者有勃起功能障碍。16例均无复发。结论该术式具有微创、出血少、恢复快等特点,将成为治疗浸润性膀胱癌的安全、有效的方法之一,有可能在具有一定腹腔镜手术操作基础的基层医院逐步开展。  相似文献   

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腹腔镜下膀胱全切除原位回肠代膀胱术(附15例报告)   总被引:51,自引:5,他引:51  
目的 探讨腹腔镜下膀胱全切除原位回肠代膀胱手术方法。 方法 浸润性膀胱癌患者 15例 ,年龄 39~ 71岁 ,平均 5 9岁 ,男 14例 ,女 1例。采用 5个套管针 ,腹腔镜由脐部上缘套管针进入 ,手术者经左侧 2个套管针操作 ,助手经右侧 2个套管针操作。清扫双侧盆腔淋巴结 ;游离输尿管下段在其末端切断 ;男性患者行膀胱前列腺全切除 ,紧贴前列腺尖端离断尿道 ;女性行膀胱全切除的同时作子宫及附件切除。在下腹正中线上作 4~ 5cm切口 ,取出标本。将回肠拉出切口外 ,隔离 5 0cm回肠剖开后M形折叠形成贮尿囊 ,将输尿管末段 1cm插入贮尿囊后顶部作吻合。贮尿囊最低位开口与尿道断端 6针吻合 ,前 4例直视下作吻合 ,后 11例在腹腔镜下行尿道吻合。 结果 手术时间 5~ 10h ,平均 6 .5h ;出血量 2 0 0~ 10 0 0ml,平均 387ml。术后 3周KUB、IVU及代膀胱造影检查显示 :双肾显影良好 ,无输尿管返流及梗阻 ,代膀胱充盈良好 ,容量约 30 0ml,术后 4~ 6周内患者均恢复控尿功能。无排尿困难及尿失禁。 结论 腹腔镜下行膀胱全切除视野清楚 ,可减少出血 ,避免尿道括约肌损伤 ,保留海绵体神经血管束 ;减少肠管暴露时间 ,有利于术后肠道功能恢复 ,减少肠粘连。小切口取出标本 ,体外构建贮尿囊 ,吻合输尿管 ,可缩减手术时间  相似文献   

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腹腔镜下膀胱全切除原位回肠代膀胱术的围术期处理   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2005年5月~2007年11月,我科对12例膀胱癌患者行腹腔镜下膀胱全切除原位回肠代膀胱术,效果满意,现将同术期处理体会报告如下。  相似文献   

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膀胱全切原位M形回肠代膀胱的手术配合   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对4例膀胱恶性肿瘤患者行膀胱全切原位M形回肠代膀胱术.手术均顺利完成,住院20~30 d康复出院.出院后随访2年,3例1年内能自主控制排尿,1例18个月能自主排尿.提出术前做好心理护理,掌握解剖结构及手术流程,严格保持术野的无菌状态,器械的传递做到轻、准、稳、快,与手术医生密切配合,可确保手术顺利进行.  相似文献   

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目的介绍腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除回肠新膀胱术的方法及经验。方法本组15例,均为男性,年龄45~62岁,平均54岁。术前均明确诊断为浸润性膀胱癌。采用腹腔镜下行膀胱癌根治性切除,然后取长约40cm回肠于体外缝制贮尿囊及输尿管贮尿囊吻合,体内行贮尿囊尿道吻合术。结果手术时间5.5~8h,平均6.5h;出血量200~1100ml,平均550ml。术后8周静脉尿路造影以及代膀胱造影检查显示:双肾显影良好,无输尿管返流及梗阻,代膀胱充盈良好,容量约300ml。术后3个月全部患者日间控尿良好,7例患者夜间控尿良好,夜间排尿2~3次。结论腹腔镜下膀胱全切除、体外建成贮尿囊及输尿管再植、体内贮尿囊尿道吻合术创伤小、出血少、术后尿控率高、恢复快。  相似文献   

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目的:探讨腹腔镜下根治性全膀胱切除原位回肠代膀胱术的手术方法及临床疗效。方法:浸润性膀胱癌患者22例,男16例,女6例,年龄63(51~74)岁。5个套管针法先行腹腔镜手术:游离输尿管后分侧清扫盆腔淋巴结;男性患者切除膀胱及前列腺,标本通过腹壁小切口取出;女性患者切除膀胱、子宫及双附件,标本经阴道取出。原位回肠代膀胱术:下腹正中4~8cm切口,将回肠拉出切口外,游离40~50cm回肠,剖开后W形折叠缝合形成贮尿囊;插入法植入双侧输尿管。16例患者在直视下进行新膀胱尿道吻合。6例缝合腹壁切口后重新开启气腹,腔镜下行新膀胱尿道吻合。结果:手术全部取得成功,无中转开腹者。手术时间4.5~9h,平均6.3h;出血量400-1200ml,平均529ml。术后1~3个月所有患者均恢复较满意的控尿功能。新膀胱平均最大容量约398ml。结论:腹腔镜下根治性全膀胱切除原位回肠代膀胱术是治愈浸润性膀胱癌可行而有效的微创手术方法。  相似文献   

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Background

Ureteroileal anastomotic stricture (UAS) after ileal conduit diversion occurs in a non-negligible proportion of patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC). Surgical techniques aimed at preventing this potential complication are sought.

Objective

To describe our surgical technique of retrosigmoid ileal conduit, and to assess perioperative outcomes and postoperative complications with a focus on UAS rate.

Design, setting, and participants

A prospective single-centre, single-surgeon cohort of 67 consecutive patients undergoing open RC with ileal conduit urinary diversion between July 2013 and April 2017 was analysed. A study group of 30 patients receiving retrosigmoid ileal conduit was compared with a control group of 37 patients receiving standard Wallace ileal conduit.

Surgical procedure

Retrosigmoid versus Wallace ileal conduit diversion after open RC.

Measurements

Operative room (OR) time, estimated blood loss (EBL), transfusion rate, and 90-d postoperative complications were recorded and compared between the two groups. In particular, rate of UAS, defined as upper collecting system dilatation requiring endourological or surgical management, was assessed and compared.

Results and limitations

The two groups were comparable with regard to all demographic, clinical, and pathological variables. No differences were observed in terms of OR time (p = 0.35), EBL (p = 0.12), and transfusion rate (p = 0.81). Ninety-day postoperative complications were observed in 11 (36.7%) patients who underwent a retrosigmoid ileal conduit and 20 (54.1%) patients who received a traditional ileal conduit (p = 0.32). Major complications (grade 3–4) were observed in three (10%) cases in the former group and in 12 (32.4%) cases in the latter group (p = 0.08). Mean (standard deviation) follow-up time was 10.8 ± 4.0 mo in the study group and 27.5 ± 9.5 mo in the control group (p < 0.001). No single case of UAS was observed in the study group, whereas six (16.2%) cases of UAS occurred in the control group (p = 0.02). The main limitation is a nonrandomised comparison of a relatively small cohort with short-term follow-up.

Conclusions

In our study, we observed a significantly reduced rate of UAS and no increase in postoperative complications with the retrosigmoid ileal conduit diversion compared with standard Wallace ileal conduit diversion after open RC.

Patient summary

We describe our surgical technique of retrosigmoid ileal conduit as urinary diversion after open radical cystectomy. Compared with traditional techniques, our technique for ileal conduit was found to be safe and reduce the risk of ureteric strictures.  相似文献   

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目的 探讨手助腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术后并发症的防治和护理.方法 回顾性分析31例膀胱癌患者的临床资料,总结术后并发症的类型、表现、原因和护理经验.结果 术后6例发生围术期并发症(其中1例有2种并发症),占19.4%.其中切口裂开1例、切口感染2例,尿漏2例、麻痹性肠梗阻1例、上消化道出血1例,经保守治疗后痊愈.结论 及时充分评估患者的情况,密切观察病情变化,根据发生的不同原因,予以针对性的护理,尤其需加强引流管护理,可以有效防止并发症的发生,是患者顺利康复的关键.  相似文献   

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For >30 yr, the ileal conduit (IC) has been considered the “standard” urinary diversion for bladder cancer patients submitted to radical cystectomy. It is universally recognised as being the most clinically adequate, cost-effective, and reliable solution in the long term. During the last two decades, this surgical procedure has been challenged by the dissemination and the excellent clinical outcome of bladder substitutions, which gave the surgeon options in supporting the patient's final choice. Despite this, from a survey of recent literature, IC remains a widely used urinary diversion in most urologic centres. In particular, it is most frequent in female patients and in patients >70 yr with high preoperative comorbidities and unfavourable clinical tumour stage.Enhanced recovery protocols with standardised perioperative plans of care or “fast-track” approaches as well as advances in postoperative patient surveillance have consistently decreased the overall morbidity related to the IC procedure. Although technically simpler to perform when compared with continent reservoirs, IC has not been associated with lower complications. This can be explained partly by the more unfavourable clinical characteristics of patients who undergo the procedure and partly by technical surgical errors. Postoperative complications strictly related to IC contribute to reduce the postoperative quality of life. These complications include uretero-ileal anastomotic strictures and stomal, peristomal, and abdominal wall-related complications. Most prospective studies, however, found no difference in overall quality of life when comparing different types of transposed intestinal segment surgery.  相似文献   

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腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除术   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6  
根治性膀胱全切除并可控性尿流改道或原位新膀胱手术困难而复杂。在腹腔镜下施行这种手术在 10年前几乎是一种梦想 ,但是近年来腹腔镜下外科手术在泌尿外科领域的应用进展非常迅速 ,使之逐渐变为现实。腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术在国外少数大的医疗中心已积累了数百例经验[1] ,国内少数单位也在尝试这种术式。而腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除因涉及尿流改道困难较大 ,迄今为此国外仅有零星报道 ,国内未见报道。在病例数最多的报道中也只有 10例病人 ,而且大部分在切除膀胱后需中转开腹做尿流改道 ,因而认为腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除并无实际的优越性 ,…  相似文献   

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