急性下壁心肌梗死胸前导联ST段压低的临床意义

目的分析急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低的临床意义。方法选择84例急性下壁心肌梗死患者常规心电图及24h动态心电图进行对照分析。结果急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低多于不伴胸前导联ST段压低（P〈0．01）;下壁伴正后壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低多于不伴胸前导联ST段压低（P〈0．01）;下壁伴右心室心肌梗死与胸前导联ST段压低无明显关联（P〈0．01）;急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低者严重室性心律失常与房室传导阻滞的发生率较不伴胸前导联ST段压低者高（P〈0．01）。结论急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低往往提示梗死范围大或同时存在心肌缺血、冠脉病变广泛、心功能损害较严重,并且严重室性心律失常与房室传导阻滞的发生率明显增高,心肌酶峰值明显增高临床预后较差。     

急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸导联ST段压低的心电图分析

目的:观察急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸导联ST段压低患者心电图改变,以探讨伴胸导联ST段压低出现的时间、持续时间与心肌梗死部位、房室传导阻滞以及严重心律失常的关系。方法:对66例急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸导联ST段压低患者,按胸导联ST段压低持续的时间分组,≥24h者为Ⅰ组42例,<24h者为Ⅱ组24例。观察统计两组患者合并出现其它部位梗死、房室传导阻滞、严重心律失常的发生率,进行对照分析。结果:①Ⅰ组并发其它部位梗死30例,Ⅱ组为5例,两组比较差异显著(P<0.01)。②Ⅰ组出现房室传导阻滞17例,Ⅱ组出现3例,两组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。③Ⅰ组出现严重室性心律失常19例,Ⅱ组3例,两组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸导联ST段压低持续时间≥24h,并发其它部位梗死多,梗死面积大,房室传导阻滞以及严重室性心律失常发生率高,可视为病变广泛的一项指标。     

不同的梗死相关血管急性下壁心肌梗死特点

目的分析不同梗死相关血管的急性下壁心肌梗死患者的临床特点。方法根据冠状动脉造影结果将急性下壁心肌梗死患者分2组,A组76例为右冠状动脉(RCA)闭塞,B组24例为左回旋支冠状动脉(LCX)闭塞,并进行比较分析。结果心电图ST段抬高STⅢ>STⅡA组显著高于B组(P<0.05);ST段抬高STⅢ0.1mVA组显著高于B组(P<0.05);合并左前降支冠状动脉(LAD)病变的患者数在胸前导联ST段压低的患者中显著多于无胸前导联ST段压低患者(P<0.05);左室射血分数(LVEF)A组显著低于B组[(51±14)%vs(57±10)%,P<0.05];合并右室心肌梗死A组显著高于B组(P<0.05);心源性休克,心力衰竭,Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞,室性心动过速/心室颤动,住院死亡率等两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论心电图Ⅲ、Ⅱ及V4R导联ST段变化能预测急性下壁心肌梗死患者梗死相关血管,急性下壁心肌梗死患者伴胸前导联ST段压低提示LAD病变,RCA闭塞所致下壁心肌梗死LVEF低于LCX闭塞者,但临床并发症两组间差异无统计学意义。     

ST段变化在急性下壁心肌梗死中的临床探讨

目的：分析ST段变化急性下壁心肌梗死患者的冠脉病变。方法：68例ST段变化急性下壁心肌梗死患者入院后急检肌钙蛋白T、常规18导联心电图，入院后2周内行冠状动脉造影，同时，观察心律失常及心衰的发生率。结果：ST段变化急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低患者心衰发生率39．1％（18／46），心律失常发生率69．6％（32／46），多支血管病变占93．4％（43／46）；ST段变化急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段正常患者心衰发生率13．6％（3／22），心律失常发生率36．3％（8／22），多支血管病变占22．7％（5／22）；两组比较差异有统计学意义。结论：ST段变化急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段异常常提示冠状动脉多支病变，预后差。     

急性下壁心肌梗死患者的临床特点分析

目的 分析研究急性下壁心肌梗死患者的临床特点. 方法 将急性下壁心肌梗死患者100例根据冠状动脉造影结果分为两组:76例为右冠状动脉(RCA)闭塞(A组),24例为左回旋支冠状动脉(LCX)闭塞(B组). 结果 心电图ST段抬高STⅢ>STⅡ及ST段压低STAVL>ST I A组显著高于B组(均P<0.05);ST段抬高STⅢ0.1 mV A组显著高于B组(P<0.05);胸前导联V1～6ST段压低患者中,合并左前降支冠状动脉(LAD)病变的患者显著高于胸前导联V1～6ST段无压低者(P<0.05);左心室射血分数(LVEF)A组[(51±14)%]显著低于B组[(57±10)%](P<0.05);合并右心室心肌梗死A组显著高于B组(P<0.05);急性下壁心肌梗死患者总的住院病死率6%,均为A组,但心源性休克、心力衰竭、Ⅱ、Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞,室性心动过速/心室颤动及住院病死率,两组差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);死亡者中心源性休克占83.3%. 结论 心电图Ⅲ、Ⅱ、I、AVL、及V4R导联ST段变化能预测急性下壁心肌梗死相关血管,急性下壁心肌梗死患者伴胸前导联ST段压低提示LAD病变,RCA闭塞所致下壁心肌梗死LVEF低于LCX闭塞者,心源性休克为死亡主要原因.     

急性下壁心肌梗死心电图ST段改变与冠状动脉病变、梗死部位的关系探讨

目的：探讨急性下壁心肌梗死心电图胸前导联ST段改变与冠状动脉病变、梗死部位的关系。方法：42例急性下壁心肌梗死患者入院后均做心电图检查．并于发病后4周内做选择性冠状动脉造影。结果：42例患者中，单支血管病变16例(占38．1％)，多支血管病变26例(占61．9％)，其中伴心电图胸前导联ST段改变者23例(占88．5％)。11例急性下壁合并正后壁心肌梗死者心电图胸前导联ST段压低者8例(占72．7％)。结论：急性下壁心肌梗死伴心电图胸前导联ST段改变者提示多支血管病变，伴心电图胸前导联ST段压低者多提示合并正后壁心肌梗死。     

急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低的临床意义探讨

心电图是诊断心肌梗死最常用的、最经济的手段。我们通过对100例急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低患者与100例不伴胸前导联ST段改变的急性下壁心肌梗死患者的临床对照观察,探讨ST段压低对其预后的影响,结果报告如下。     

急性下壁心肌梗死合并高度房室传导阻滞患者临床特征及预后

目的观察急性下壁心肌梗死合并高度房室传导阻滞(AVB)患者的临床特点及预后。方法选取急性下壁心肌梗死合并高度AVB患者36例和不合并高度AVB患者116例,比较两组间一般临床特点(年龄、性别、高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、吸烟)、CK峰值以及主要不良事件(包括右室心肌梗死、心力衰竭、低血压休克、恶性心律失常发生率,胸前导联ST段压低出现率及住院死亡率)的差异性。结果相比较于不合并AVB组,急性下壁心肌梗死合并高度AVB组患者年龄、CK峰值显著增加(P0.05),胸前导联ST段压低、右室梗死、心力衰竭及低血压休克发生率明显升高,住院死亡率亦明显增加,组间差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论高度AVB是急性下壁心肌梗死的常见并发症,能够显著增加近期住院死亡率及不良事件的发生。     

急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低与左心室射血分数分析

目的 探讨下壁急性心肌梗死(AMI)伴胸前导联ST段压低与左心室射血分数(LVEF)的关系.方法 筛选我院收治的下壁AMI患者82例,回顾性分析其急性发作后24h内心电图(ECG)改变,对其中43例伴胸前导联ST段压低者(A组)及39例不伴胸前导联ST段压低者(B组)的超声心动图(UCG)的LVEF及冠状动脉造影(CAG)结果 进行分析.结果 A组LYEF明显降低,与B组比较差异有统计学意义(t:4.9430,P<0.001);A组CAG双支或三支病变比例增多,与B组比较差异有统计学意义(x2=16.3942,P<0.001):A、B两组病死率分别为16.28%及2.56%.结论 下壁AMI伴胸前导联ST段压低大多缺血累及心肌范围大.提示预后不良.     

下壁导联ST段压低对前壁急性心肌梗死患者近期预后的影响

前壁急性心肌梗死时，心电图胸前导联抬高的同时可出现下壁导联ST段压低改变，这种改变的意义近年来常引起人们的重视。本文通过对36例前壁急性心肌梗死患者的心电图分析和临床观察，旨在探讨下壁导联ST段压低对前壁急性心肌梗死患者近期预后的影响。     

急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸导联ST段改变的心电图分析

目的 分析急性下壁心肌梗死(AIMI)患者伴胸导联ST段压低与合并其他部位梗死、QT离散度(QTd)值、房室传导阻滞以及严重室性心律失常发生率的关系.方法 对74例AIMI伴胸导联ST段压低患者按胸导联ST段压低持续的时间分组,≥24h组44例,＜24 h组30例.统计2组患者合并出现其他部位梗死、QTd值、房室传导阻滞、严重心律失常的发生率,并进行对照分析.结果 (1)胸导联ST段压低持续≥24 h组并发其他部位梗死33例(75%),＜24h组为7例(23%),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=19.7,P＜0.01).(2)2组QTd值分别为(74.77±23.28)ms和(50.00±11.45)ms,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=5.39,P＜0.01).(3)胸导联ST段压低持续≥24 h组出现房室传导阻滞(Ⅱ、Ⅲ度)20例(45%),＜24 h组出现5例(17%),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.43,P＜0.05).(4)胸导联ST段压低持续≥24 h组出现严重室性心律失常21例(48%),＜24 h组4例(13%),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.61,P＜0.01).结论 AIMI伴胸导联ST段压低持续时间＞24 h,提示心肌梗死范围广泛,QT离散度增加,房室传导阻滞以及严重室性心律失常发生率明显增高.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the association between chest ST segment descent in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction (AIMI) and myocardial infarction in other area, QT dispersion, severe auriculoventricular block (AVB) serious ventricular arrhythmia. Methods According to persistent time of chest lead ST segment descent,74 patients of acute inferior myocardial infarction with chest lead ST segment descent were divided into 2 groups: ≥24 h (group Ⅰ ,44 cases), ＜ 24 h (group Ⅱ ,30 cases). The occurrence of other areas of myocardial infarction, QTd, auricular-ventricular block and serious ventricular arrhythmia were compared between the two groups. Results Chest ST segment descent occurred in 33 cases in group Ⅰ (75%) ,in 7 cases in group Ⅱ ( 23% ), with significantly difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 19. 17, P ＜ 0. 01 ). QTd was (74. 77 ± 23.28) ms in group Ⅰ which was significantly higher than that of (50. 00 ± 11:45 ) ms in group Ⅱ ( t =5.39,P ＜0. 01 ). Auricular-ventricular block (grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ ) occurred in 20 cases in group Ⅰ (45%),and in 5 cases in group Ⅱ ( 17% ), with significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 9.43, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Twentyone cases with serious ventricular arrhythmia occurred in group Ⅰ (48%) ,which was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (4 cases, 13% ) ( χ2 = 6. 61, P ＜ 0. 01 ) . Conclusion When persistent time of acute inferior myocardial infarction with chest lead ST segment descent is longer than 24 hrs, the area of myocardial infarction is more extensive, QT dispersion increases, the occurrence of serious ventricular arrhythmia and auricularventricular block also significantly increase.     

常规十二导联诊断急性下壁心肌梗塞的效果观察

目的：以单纯性下壁心肌梗塞为对照,探讨右室心肌梗塞合并急性下壁心肌梗塞的12导联心电图特征.材料与方法：2010年1月至2013年8月间诊治的22例右室心肌梗塞合并急性下壁心肌梗塞患者列入研究组,同期48例单纯下壁心肌梗塞患者列入对照组,回顾性观察两组患者常规12导联心电图特征,并进行比较分析.结果：ST段抬高幅度比较,研究组Ⅲ＞ⅡI的检出率为90.1％,对照组仅4.2％,研究组明显高于对照组,数据经统计学比较具有极显著差异（P＜0.01）,检验特异性为90.1％;ST段在V2导联中压低幅度和aVF导联中抬高幅度的比值比较,研究组≤0.5的患者比例为81.8％,明显高于对照组的比例4.2％,数据经统计学比较具有极显著差异（P＜0.01）,检验特异性为90％.结论：利用常规12导联心电图诊断急性下壁心肌梗塞是否合并有右室心肌梗塞具有较高的特异性和敏感性,当ST段抬高幅度出现Ⅲ＞ Ⅱ时,或ST段在V2导联中压低幅度和aVF导联中抬高幅度的比值≤0.5时,均提示较大可能性的右室心肌梗塞发生.     

急性心肌梗塞早期梗塞部位对应导联ST段压低的临床意义

探讨急性心肌梗塞部位对应导联ST段压低的意义。对245例初发急性心肌梗塞（AMI）患者发病72小时内12导联心电图ST段变化进行了分析。结果：合并梗塞部位对应导联ST段压低者占38．78％；单变量分析合并ST段压低者多见于高龄及女性，其高血压、糖尿病、广泛前壁心肌梗塞（心梗）、下壁合并后壁或右室心梗、心原性休克、心力衰竭、恶性心律失常等并发率均与无ST段压低者有显著性差异（P均＜0．001）；多变量分析示：高龄、糖尿病、广泛前壁梗塞、下壁合并后壁梗塞或右室梗塞可作为梗塞部位对应导联ST段压低的独立指征。表明AMI早期梗塞部位对应导联ST段压低是一个简单、快速、有效的初步判断梗塞范围和预后的良好指标。     

Electrocardiographic assessment of right heart dysfunction

The electrocardiogram, when used in light of other clinical data, can be a powerful tool in detecting right heart dysfunction. Right bundle branch block can be identified on the electrocardiogram by the presence of an RSR' configuration in right-sided chest leads. Right atrial enlargement produces tall pointed P waves in lead II and biphasic P waves in V1, whose initial upstroke is larger than the terminal downstroke. Right ventricular enlargement is best seen on the electrocardiogram by a reverse in the pattern of normal R wave progression across the precordium. Occurring most often with an inferior wall myocardial infarction, a right ventricular infarction is depicted by ST segment elevations in right-sided precordial leads. The ability to detect these electrocardiographic changes will enhance the nurse's assessment and management of patients with right heart dysfunctions.     

Identification of the culprit artery involved in inferior wall acute myocardial infarction using electrocardiographic criteria

We tested whether particular electrocardiogram (ECG) changes can identify the right coronary (RCA) or left circumflex (LCX) artery as the responsible vessel in inferior wall acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in 73 patients. A standard 12-lead ECG was performed within 6 h of onset of chest pain. Coronary angiography was performed between 1 week and 6 weeks after the infarction. RCA and LCX lesions were detected in 53 and 20 patients, respectively. The most useful ECG parameters for implicating the RCA were a higher ST elevation in lead III than lead II (specificity 94%, sensitivity 86%) and an S/R wave ratio > 0.33 plus ST segment depression > 1 mm in lead aVL (specificity 94%, sensitivity 92%). Absence of these criteria was associated with LCX occlusion (specificity 100%, sensitivity 87%). These results indicate that composite ECG criteria are useful in predicting the artery involved in inferior wall AMI.     

小剂量rt-PA不同给药方法治疗急性心肌梗死心功能及预后比较

目的探讨小剂量(50mg)重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)30min、60min和90min三种给药方法溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死(AMI)心功能和预后的比较。方法244例AMI患者随机分为rt-PA50mg30min方案组(A组,49例)、60min方案组(B组,76例)和90min方案组(C组,119例)。比较三组患者在不同时间的ST段回降率、心功能和住院并发症。结果溶栓60min时A组ST段回降率均高于B组(P<0.05)和C组(P<0.01);90min时B组ST段回降率均高于A组和C组(P<0.05);120min时C组ST段回降率均高于A组和B组(P<0.05)。A组冠脉再通率高于C组(P<0.05)。C组CK-MB峰值高于A组(P<0.05),心肌梗死面积大于A组(P<0.05),左室射血分数低于A组(P<0.05)。三组严重心律失常、心力衰竭或心源性休克的发生率和住院病死率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但C组有高于A组的趋势。结论小剂量rt-PA30min给药法较60min和90min给药法明显促进ST段早期回降,提高冠脉再通率,缩小心肌梗死面积,改善心功能和预后,是值得推荐的给药方案。     

Cause of ST segment abnormality in ED chest pain patients

The objective of this study was to determine the electrocardiographic diagnoses of chest pain patients with ST segment elevation (STE) on the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). This study was a retrospective ECG review of adult chest pain patients in a university hospital emergency department (ED) over a 3-month period (January 1, 1996 to March 31, 1996). STE was determined if the ST segment was elevated >/=1 mm in the limb leads and >/=2 mm in the precordial leads in at least two anatomically contiguous leads. Results showed 902 patients who met entry criteria and of whom 202 (22.4%) had STE. Thirty-one (15%) patients had STE acute myocardial infarction (AMI) as the final hospital diagnosis which caused the STE; 171 (85%) patients with STE had non-AMI diagnosis responsible for the ST segment elevation, including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) 51 (25%), left bundle branch block (LBBB) 31 (15%), benign early repolarization (BER) 25 (12%), right bundle branch block 10 (5%), nonspecific bundle branch block 10 (5%), left ventricular aneurysm 5 (3%), acute pericarditis 2 (1%), ventricular paced rhythm 2 (1%), and undefined ST segment elevation 35 (17%). Forty-four patients had AMI as the final diagnosis of whom 31 showed STE on presentation to the ED. In 2 of 31 (6%) cases of STE AMI, the ST segment waveform was atypical for acute infarction. We concluded that AMI is not the most common cause of STE in ED chest pain patients. LVH is most often responsible for electrocardiographic STE followed by AMI and LBBB which occur at equal frequencies.