用光敏生物素标记HPV16,18DNA探针检测宫颈癌组织核酸相关序列

本文采用光敏生物素法标记人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)16,18型DNA探针,进行斑点杂交检测宫颈癌组织中HPV16、18DNA相关序列。检测结果为,18例宫项癌组织中5例HPV16杂交阳性(27.78%);14例HPV18杂交阳性(77.8%)。这表明宫颈癌的发生和HPV感染密切相关。     

应用原位PCR技术检测宫颈癌和宫颈上皮内瘤变组织中人乳头瘤病毒DNA

目的：探讨原位PCR（isPCR)技术的敏感性及人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）与宫颈癌和宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）的关系。方法：采用isPR技术对66例宫颈癌和25例CIN组织中的人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）DNA进行检测。结果：52例宫颈癌检测到了HPV DNA（78．8％）,其中HPV16 DNA阳性45例（78．8％）,HPV18 DNA阳性10例（15．2％）,HPV16,18的DNA均阳性3例,HPV18 DNA阳性而HPV16 DNA阴性7例,CIN中HPV DNA阳性13例。结论：isPCR是一种敏感性高,特异性强的方法;宫颈癌和CIN的发生与HPV16和HPV18感染有密切关系。     

宫颈癌组织中人乳头状瘤病毒16型DNA序列的检测

应用DNA斑点分子杂交技术检测了54例宫颈癌组织中人乳头状瘤病毒16型DNA序列,并应用DNA Southern印迹杂交技术分析了部分斑点杂交阳性的标本。结果表明,50%的宫颈癌标本中HPV16DNA阳性,而在18例正常宫颈组织中未测到HPV16DNA序列;Southern印迹杂交发现HPV16DNA以整合状态存在。提示HPV16与宫颈癌的发生密切相关。     

肺鳞癌中人乳头瘤病毒的原位杂交检测和病理组织学研究

对经多重多聚酶链反应（多重PCR）检测的在49例肺鳞癌中发现的7例人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）DNA阳性肿瘤组织又进行了生物素标记HPVDNA探针的原位杂交检测。结果5例呈杂交阳性，其中HPV11型阳性3例，HPV16型阳性1例，1例为HPV11和16型混合阳性。原位杂交显示HPVDNA大多位于凹空样肿瘤细胞的核内。分子生物学和肿瘤组织学研究表明HPV感染可能与部分肺鳞癌有较密切的关系。     

人乳头瘤病毒和人子宫颈鳞状上皮细胞癌关系的超微结构与基因分子

以人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)DNA为探针,通过核酸杂交方法,检测宫颈癌病人活体细胞DNA中的病毒相关序列,用透射电镜观察癌细胞的形态特点。32例宫颈癌组织中23例与HPV16型探针杂交呈阳性反应,阳性率为72％。杂交阳性的癌细胞核内小体的出现率增加。     

两种人乳头瘤病毒分型检测方法的比较

目的通过比较PCR联合地高辛标记探针杂交法与实时荧光定量PCR法检测宫颈液标本中人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的一致性,评价PCR联合地高辛标记探针杂交法的临床应用价值。方法将4型HPV(16、51、54和56)探针3′端加尾地高辛标记,检测标记探针的灵敏度和特异性。收集63例第二代杂交捕获(HC-Ⅱ)阳性和18例HC-Ⅱ阴性的宫颈液标本,采用HPV通用引物MY11/09对所有标本L1区基因序列进行PCR扩增,利用地高辛标记探针杂交法对PCR产物进行检测分型;同时利用实时荧光定量PCR对这81例标本进行检测,将两者的检测结果进行比较。结果地高辛标记探针杂交法检测出HC-Ⅱ阳性标本中HPV-16型40例,HPV-51型2例,HPV-56型2例,分别占HC-Ⅱ阳性标本的63.5%、3.2%和3.2%,HC-Ⅱ阴性标本中检测出HPV-16型1例;实时荧光定量PCR法检测出HC-Ⅱ阳性标本中HPV-16型39例,HPV-51型2例,HPV-56型2例,占HC-Ⅱ阳性标本的61.9%、3.2%和3.2%,HC-Ⅱ阴性标本中检测出HPV-16型1例;重复性检测显示两种方法检测4型HPV感染的变异系数(CV)为0~1.45%和0~1.50%,检测标本中4型感染的符合率为97.5%~100%。结论PCR联合地高辛标记探针杂交法具有较好的灵敏度和特异性,可能对于临床HPV分型检测有应用价值。     

两种人乳头瘤病毒分型检测方法的比较

目的 通过比较PCR联合地高辛标记探针杂交法与实时荧光定量PCR法检测宫颈液标本中人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的一致性,评价PCR联合地高辛标记探针杂交法的临床应用价值. 方法 将4型HPV(16、51、54和56)探针3′端加尾地高辛标记,检测标记探针的灵敏度和特异性.收集63例第二代杂交捕获(HC-Ⅱ)阳性和18例HC-Ⅱ阴性的宫颈液标本,采用HPV通用引物MY11/09对所有标本L1区基因序列进行PCR扩增,利用地高辛标记探针杂交法对PCR产物进行检测分型;同时利用实时荧光定量PCR对这81例标本进行检测,将两者的检测结果进行比较. 结果 地高辛标记探针杂交法检测出HC-Ⅱ阳性标本中HPV-16型40例,HPV-51型2例,HPV-56型2例,分别占HC-Ⅱ阳性标本的63.5%、3.2%和3.2%,HC-Ⅱ阴性标本中检测出HPV-16型1例;实时荧光定量PCR法检测出HC-Ⅱ阳性标本中HPV-16型39例,HPV-51型2例,HPV-56型2例,占HC-Ⅱ阳性标本的61.9%、3.2%和3.2%,HC-Ⅱ阴性标本中检测出HPV-16型1例;重复性检测显示两种方法检测4型HPV感染的变异系数(CV)为0～1.45%和0～1.50%,检测标本中4型感染的符合率为97.5% ～100%. 结论 PCR联合地高辛标记探针杂交法具有较好的灵敏度和特异性, 可能对于临床HPV分型检测有应用价值.     

新疆维吾尔族宫颈癌组织中HPV—DNA表达及存在状态的研究

目的 探讨高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HR—HPV）在新疆维吾尔族宫颈癌患者中的表达、存在状态及其与宫颈癌的相关性。方法 选择第2代杂交捕获（Hybrid capture,HC2）检测HR—HPV阳性的30例维吾尔族宫颈鳞癌（SCC）患者,利用巢式PCR检测其组织标本中的HPV16-DNA的表达,多重Taqman探针荧光定量PCR检测HPV16～DNA在组织中的存在状态。结果 巢式PCR检测结果 显示宫颈鳞癌患者HPV16-DNA检出率为96．7％,与HC2法的HPV—DNA检出率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;HPV16-DNA在宫颈癌组织中以整合态存在,其整合率为89．7％;HPV16-DNA的表达水平与宫颈癌患者的年龄、有无淋巴结转移无关（P〉0．05）,但其在病理分级高的患者中表达高于病理分级低的患者（P〈0．05）,在临床分期高的患者中表达高于低分期患者（P〈0．05）。结论 HR—HPV感染是导致宫颈癌的主要因素,而HPV16是新疆维吾尔族宫颈癌主要的病毒类型,其在组织中多以整合态存在,在宫颈癌发病中起主要作用,HPV—DNA整合状态与宫颈细胞的恶性转化密切相关。     

人乳头状瘤病毒与宫颈癌生物学行为的相关性研究

目的探讨高危型人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）DNA与宫颈癌生物学行为的相关性。方法对66例宫颈癌患者及103例宫颈癌行手术治疗后随访病例宫颈脱落细胞,采用第二代杂交捕获技术行高危型HPV DNA检测。结果①66例中62例HPV DNA检测阳性,阳性率达94％,仅4例阴性（6％）。②宫颈癌患者各临床分期、病理分级间HPV DNA阳性率差异无统计学意义,但发生宫颈间质侵入的宫颈癌患者HPV阳性率及病毒DNA载量均明显上升,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。③96％（99／103）的宫颈癌经手术治疗后患者HPV DNA检测为阴性。结论高危型HPV感染可能与宫颈癌血管生成、浸润和转移有关;第二代杂交捕获技术为高效的宫颈癌筛查方法。     

女性外阴尖锐湿疣及湿疣样病变组织中人类乳头瘤病毒 DNA 的检测

用生物素和~(32)P-人类乳头瘤病毒 HPV11、HPV16和 HPV18型 DNA 探针,以斑点和 SouthernBlot 杂交方法检测了49例北京地区女性外阴尖锐湿疣和湿疣样病变组织中 HPV DNA。在24例尖锐湿疣组织中,HPV DNA 阳性者为18例(75%);其中 HPV11 DNA 阳性者16例,占阳性例数的88.9%;HPV16 DNA 阳性者2例,占阳性例数的11.1%;没有发现 HPV18 DNA 阳性者.25例湿疣样病变组织中,8例含有 HPV DNA(32%),全为 HPV11型。本文对湿疣样病变与 HPV 感染的关系,外阴部尖锐湿疣的分型及诊断标准进行了初步探讨。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.