经顶型移位髋臼横形骨折手术疗效分析

目的 探讨手术治疗经顶型移位髋臼横形骨折的疗效及其影响因素.方法 1990年5月至2006年7月,手术治疗经顶型移位髋臼横形骨折37例,男26例,女11例;年龄22～64岁,平均34岁.根据复位质量、臼顶骨折粉碎程度、髋关节稳定性、股骨头软骨损伤等因素进行分组,按Matta术后X线复位标准和放射学评估标准及改良的Merle d'Aubigne和Postel功能评分标准进行评估.结果 所有患者均获随访,随访时间16～121个月,平均88.6个月.术后解剖复位31例,复位欠佳4例,复位差2例.2例患者术后X线片示髋关节不稳.根据改良的Merle d'Aubigne和Postel功能评分,临床疗效:优16例(43.24%),良14例(37.84%),可4例(10.81%),差3例(8.11%),优良率为81.08%;远期随访MattaX线疗效:优14例(37.84%),良15例(40.54%),可4例(10.81%),差4(10.81%),优良率为78.38%.临床疗效与X线疗效存在相关性.临床优良率在解剖复位和非解剖复位组分别为90.32%和33.33%,在臼顶粉碎性骨折和非粉碎性骨折组分别为58.33%和92.00%,在髋关节不稳组和稳定组分别为0和85.71%,在股骨头软骨损伤和无软骨损伤组分别为42.86%和90.00%.结论 骨折复位不佳、臼顶粉碎性旨折、髋关节不稳及股骨头软骨损伤等因素可直接影响经顶型移位髋臼横形骨折的手术疗效.     

开窗法复位植骨内固定治疗髋臼前柱骨折合并臼顶区关节面压缩塌陷的临床研究

目的：探讨开窗法复位植骨内固定和单纯行前柱复位内固定治疗髋臼前柱骨折合并臼顶区关节面压缩塌陷的治疗效果。方法：2005年7月至2007年2月,收治合并有臼顶区关节面压缩塌陷的髋臼前柱骨折52例,其中24例采用开窗法整复关节面、植骨后再行前柱复位内固定治疗,男17例,女7例;年龄（35.2±6.4）岁;28例单纯行前柱复位内固定,男19例,女9例;年龄（36.4±4.8）岁。所有患者术后采用改良d＇Aubigne Postel功能评分标准进行评估,比较髋关节功能改善情况。结果：所有患者均达到骨性愈合,出现股神经损伤1例,术后2个月恢复,无其他并发症发生。52例患者术后获得随访,时间12～51个月,平均31.5个月。根据改良d＇AubignePostel功能评分,两组患者在疼痛、行走、关节活动范围、总评分比较差异有统计学意义。开窗法治疗组：优13例,良9例,可1例,差1例;单纯前柱复位组：优9例,良11例,可6例,差2例（u=0.613,P〈0.05）。结论：开窗法复位植骨内固定治疗髋臼前柱骨折合并臼顶区关节面压缩塌陷是一种可行的方法,且可明显改善髋关节功能。     

髋臼记忆合金三维内固定系统治疗涉及臼顶负重关节面的髋臼骨折

目的 探讨髋臼记忆合金三维内固定系统(ATMFS)治疗涉及臼顶负重关节面髋臼骨折的临床疗效.方法 2003年8月至2009年2月共收治28例涉及臼顶负重关节面的髋臼骨折患者,男19例,女9例;年龄18～70岁,平均39.2岁.伤后3周内(3～15 d)手术的新鲜骨折24例,超过3周(29～58 d)的陈旧性骨折4例.髋臼骨折根据Letournel & Judet分型:后壁骨折17例,后柱骨折5例,横形骨折5例,T形骨折1例.根据张春才等的髋臼三柱浮动分类法分型:28例均为涉及中柱壁的骨折,其中Aml型19例,Am2型6例,Am3型3例.所有患者均采用改良髋关节后外侧入路ATMFS治疗.结果 28例患者术后获6～30个月(平均8.5个月)随访.术中直视下骨折复位情况根据Matta标准评定:解剖复位25例(89.3%),满意复位3例(10.7%).术后摄X线片复查未发现骨折再移位.28例于术后11.1～15.0周(平均12.7周)获骨性愈合,患侧髋关节功能达到健侧水平.按照改良Aubigne & Postal临床分级标准评定疗效:优18例,良8例,可2例,优良率为92.9%.结论 ATMFS是治疗涉及臼顶负重关节面髋臼骨折的有效方法,其合理的设计更贴服于臼顶不规则解剖结构,持续应力加压作用可促进骨折愈合,多点多维锁定固定方式为局部植骨或重建提供了空间.

Abstract：

Objective To assess the mid-term results of acetabular three-dimensional memory fixation system (ATMFS) used to reconstruct weight-bearing area of the acetabulum. Methods From August 2003 to February 2009, totally 28 consecutive cases of unilateral severe fracture of the weight-bearing area of the posterior acetabular wall were treated with open reduction and ATMFS in our department. They were 19 males and 9 females, with a mean age of 39. 2 years (range, 18 to 70 years). Four fractures were old and 24 fresh. According to the Letournel & Judet classification system, there were 17 posterior wall fractures, 5 posterior column fractures, 5 transverse fractures, and one T-shaped fracture. According to the Zhang Chun-cai's classification system, the 28 cases all belonged to middle column-wall fracture, of which 19 were type Am1, 6 type Am2 and 3 type Am3. A modified hip posterolateral approach was adopted for all the patients. Results The 28 patients were followed up from 6 to 30 months (average, 8. 5 months). None of the patients lost reduction after surgery, and there was no case of implant failure. By Matta's criteria, 25 cases achieved anatomical reduction (89. 3% ) and 3 satisfactory reduction (10. 7% ) . All the patients achieved bony union in an average time of 12. 7 weeks after operation (from 11. 1 to 15. 0 weeks) . At the final follow-up, according to D' Aubigne & Postal's criteria, 92. 9% of the patients were rated as excellent or good.Conclusions ATMFS, as a wise biomechanical method to treat fractures involving weight-bearing area of the acetabulum, ensures stability of the hip joint, consistent compressive stress which promotes fracture union,and convenience of local grafting and reconstruction. It is an effective internal fixator for treatment of acetabular fractures involving weight-bearing area.     

Conservative therapy of acetabular fractures--indications and results

Conservative treatment of acetabular fractures seems to be indicated either in cases of little displacement or wherever reconstruction of the acetabulum by operation is impossible. Following the classification of Judet and Letournel a satisfactory result can be expected only in fractures with little dislocation, such as the caudal transverse type and the anterior wall type. The indication for open reduction and reconstruction is given if cranial and/or dorsal components of the acetabulum are involved. In special cases treatment by vertical traction must be combined with a side traction by means of a trochanter screw; in the early phase of traction frequent radiological controls are obligatory. Early physiotherapy is also necessary to achieve satisfactory functional results. Based on the follow-up examination of 38 patients with 39 fractures of the acetabulum, conservative treatment is discussed in respect of fracture type, the extent of displacement and the clinical results.     

动力化前路方形区钛板螺钉治疗累及臼顶的髋臼骨折

[目的]探讨动力化前路方形区钛板螺钉系统(DAPSQ)内固定治疗伴髋臼顶骨折的复杂性髋臼骨折的手术技巧及临床疗效。[方法]回顾性分析2009年6月～2016年9月手术治疗的66例伴髋臼顶骨折的复杂性髋臼骨折患者资料,男44例,女22例,平均年龄(46.63±10.52)岁。按Letournel-Judet分型:双柱骨折33例,前柱伴后半横行骨折12例,前柱骨折9例, T型骨折12例。所有臼顶骨折病例均采用单一髂腹股沟入路开窗+截骨行DAPSQ内固定治疗,需要时联合骨盆前缘短钢板固定。[结果]所有患者顺利手术,手术时间(182.50±56.28) min;术中出血量(550.35±102.94) ml。4例患者术后股外侧麻木,1～4个月症状消失。随访12～46个月,平均(30.36±10.23)个月。随术后时间延长VAS评分减少,而Harris评分和Merle d’Aubigne-Postel评分显著增加(P0.05)。影像评估方面:依据Matta标准,骨折复位评定为优35例,良好20例,一般7例,差4例。3例出现Brooker I型异位骨化,6例出现创伤性骨关节炎改变。末次随访时,3例改行全髋关节置换。[结论]单一髂腹股沟入路联合开窗、截骨为臼顶骨折复位提高良好的术野,DAPSQ内固定能够固定和维持髋臼顶的解剖位置,恢复头臼匹配关系,从而保留髋关节的功能,临床疗效良好。     

Marginal impaction in complex posterior wall acetabular fractures: role of allograft and mid-term results

European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology - To evaluate the functional and radiological outcome of complex posterior wall acetabular fractures with marginal impaction treated with...     

Pre-operative predictors of poor reduction in acetabular fractures submitted to surgical treatment

IntroductionAcetabular fractures are among the most complex orthopedic injuries, and their treatment and understanding have evolved remarkably in the last 50 years. Several factors affect the reduction quality of the surgically treated displaced acetabular fractures. Thus, this study aimed to identify these factors by analyzing patients’ data.Patients and methodsRetrospective data from fractures operated in one center over 8 years were analyzed. Patients with a mature skeleton who underwent open reduction and internal fixation and had a minimum follow-up period of 6 weeks were included. Non-displaced fractures were excluded from the study. Radiographic assessment of the reduction was performed before surgery and at follow-up using the method described by Borelli et al. The effects of age (<40 or >40 years), sex, initial displacement (< 20 mm or > 20 mm), time to surgery (<14 days or>14 days), fracture pattern (elementary or associated), number of associated fractures (< 3 or > 3), and associated pelvic injury were analyzedResultsThe study included 115 (83.9%) men and 22 (16.1%) women, with a mean age of 34.1 years (range 16–74 years). In the sixth week of follow-up, reductions were satisfactory in 96 (70.7%) patients and unsatisfactory in 41 (29.3%). The most prevalent patterns were the posterior wall (23.1%) and both column (15.7%). Linear regression showed that residual displacement was directly correlated with initial displacement (p = 0.027) but without association with reduction quality. Age, sex, and initial displacement had no effect on reduction quality, which is in contrast with longer time to surgery (p = 0.004), associated fracture pattern (p = 0.002), three or more associated fractures (p = 0.001), and presence of associated pelvic injury (p = 0.021).ConclusionAttempting to shorten the time to operate the fractures can lead to better results for patients because the other factors associated with poor reduction are inherent the trauma and cannot be modified by the surgeon.     

Open reduction and internal fixation of acetabular fractures

Summary. Between 1982 and 1995, 84 patients with displaced acetabular fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation in our institution. The mean follow-up was 5.5 years with a minimum of 2 years. There were 33 simple and 51 complex fractures according to the classification of Judet and Letournels. Reduction after operation was anatomical in 49% of the patients, satisfactory in 24%, and unsatisfactory in 27%. Using Merle d’Aubigné’s scale, the clinical results were excellent in 39% of the patients, good in 29%, fair in 8%, and poor in 24%. Factors of statistical significance associated with a poor clinical outcome were T-shaped fractures, unsatisfactory reduction (>3 mm residual displacement), age >40 years and development of avascular necrosis. Acetabular surgery is demanding, and a high rate of complications can be expected. Trauma centres should designate a group of surgeons who will consistently treat these fractures in order to obtain more experience and better results.

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Résumé. Entre 1982 et 1995, 84 patients présentant des fractures déplacées de l’acétabulum ont eu une réduction ouverte avec fixation interne. Le suivi a été en moyenne de 5,5 ans avec des extrêmes de 2 à 13 ans. Selon la classification de Judet et Letournel, 33 fractures étaient simples (39%) et 51 complexes (61%). Après l’opération, la réduction était considérée anatomique dans 49% des cas, satisfaisante dans 24% et mauvaise dans 27%. Avec l’échelle de Merle d’Aubigné, les résultats cliniques ont été excellents dans 39% des cas, bons dans 29%, médiocres dans 8% et mauvais dans 24%. Les facteurs statistiquement significatifs des mauvais résultats ont été: les fractures en ”T”, la réduction non satisfaisante (+ de 3 mm de déplacement résiduel) à l’age de plus de 40 ans et la survenue d’une nécrose avasculaire. Le résultat de cette série confirme que la chirurgie acétabulaire est difficile et que le taux de complications peut être élevé. Il est recommandable de limiter à un groupe de chirurgiens le traitement opératoire de ces fractures afin d’obtenir une plus grande expérience et des meilleurs résultats.

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Accepted: 2 July 1998     

切开复位内固定治疗陈旧性与新鲜性髋臼骨折的临床对比研究

[目的]回顾性对比研究切开复位内固定术治疗陈旧性与新鲜性髋臼骨折的临床效果。[方法]回顾总结2009年9月²013年3月应用切开复位内固定的方法分别治疗陈旧性和新鲜性髋臼骨折共90余例,其中陈旧性35例,男23例,女12例;年龄232013年3月应用切开复位内固定的方法分别治疗陈旧性和新鲜性髋臼骨折共90余例,其中陈旧性35例,男23例,女12例;年龄23⁶7岁,平均40岁,手术时间为伤后2267岁,平均40岁,手术时间为伤后22⁶5 d,平均36 d;新鲜性髋臼骨折55例,男39例,女16例,年龄1765 d,平均36 d;新鲜性髋臼骨折55例,男39例,女16例,年龄17⁸6岁,平均56岁,手术时间386岁,平均56岁,手术时间3²0 d,平均8.1 d,手术根据骨折类型采用髂腹股沟入路、Kocher-Langenbenk入路或联合入路,采用Matta标准评定骨折复位效果,采用Matta改良的D'Aubigne和Postal评分标准评定临床效果。[结果]全部病例均得到随访,随访时间1220 d,平均8.1 d,手术根据骨折类型采用髂腹股沟入路、Kocher-Langenbenk入路或联合入路,采用Matta标准评定骨折复位效果,采用Matta改良的D'Aubigne和Postal评分标准评定临床效果。[结果]全部病例均得到随访,随访时间12²4个月,平均18个月,骨折复位质量采用Matta标准,陈旧性骨折组:解剖复位15例,满意复位17例,不满意复位3例。新鲜骨折组:解剖复位35例,满意复位19例,不满意复位1例。两组满意复位率比较,差异无统计学意义;临床效果根据Matta改良的D'Aubigne和Postal评分,陈旧骨折组:优16例,良15例,一般2例,差2例,新鲜骨折组:优35例,良18例,一般1例,差1例,两组优良率比较,差异无统计学意义。[结论]切开复位内固定治疗陈旧性髋臼骨折与新鲜髋臼骨折相比,满意复位率及临床效果优良率差异均无统计学意义,是治疗陈旧性髋臼骨折有效、可行的方法。     

Short-term results of surgical treatment of acetabular fractures using the modified Stoppa approach

BackgroundAs the more commonly used ilioinguinal approach is extensive and associated with complications arising from the dissection along the inguinal canal, we attempt to evaluate the efficacy of the modified Stoppa approach as an alternative in the operative management of acetabular fractures.MethodsTwenty-three patients with acetabular fractures, were operated by the modified Stoppa approach. Fractures were classified; operative time and blood loss were recorded; the radiological and clinical outcomes were prospectively analysed. We analysed the radiological results according to the criteria of Matta and the clinical results by the Merle d’Aubigne and Postel score with a mean follow up of 15.13 months.ResultsThe clinical outcomes were excellent or good in nineteen cases, fair and poor in two patients each. In eighteen of our cases the reduction was anatomic, imperfect in two cases, and poor in three cases. The mean pre-operative displacements on axial, sagittal and coronal NCCT sections were 3.8, 3.1 and 3.6 mm, respectively; and mean post-operative displacements were 0.2, 0.3 and 0.2 mm, respectively. The mean pre-operative and post-operative fracture gap were 12.8 mm and 1.1 mm respectively.ConclusionsMinimizing perioperative morbidity and simultaneously allowing access for anatomical reduction are the major benefits of the approach. The modified Stoppa approach can substitute the ilioinguinal approach for the surgical fixation of acetabular fractures.     

髋臼骨折的手术治疗

目的：探讨髋臼骨折的手术治疗效果和影响疗效因素。方法：对31例髋臼骨折患进行切开复位由固定治疗。结果：平均随访18个月(6～36月)，根据Matta评分标准优16例，良8例，一般4例，差3例。1例术后发生深部感染，1例术后18个月发生股骨头坏死。结论：髋臼骨折，特别是有移位的髋臼骨折应及时手术治疗。手术医师的经验、骨折类型、手术时机和入路会影响髋臼骨折的疗效。     

髋臼骨折的手术治疗

目的 探讨对髋臼骨折的手术治疗方法。方法 总结1999年8月～2001年6月对32例有移位的髋臼骨折患进行手术治疗的经验。所有骨折均按Letnurnel-Judet的方法进行分型。根据不同骨折类型，分别采用Kocher-Langenbeck入路、髂腹股沟入路及前后联合入路进行骨折复位，以骨盆重建钢板和螺丝钉进行固定。结果 32例患平均随访时间21．3个月。根据Matta评分，优11例(34．4％)，良16例(50％)，一般3例(9．4％)，差2例(6．2％)。发生股骨头坏死2例(6％)，异位骨化ll例(34％)，有4例发生创伤性关节炎(12．5％)，无手术死亡及感染发生。结论 术前正确分析骨折类型、选择恰当的手术人路和及时手术是提高髋臼骨折治疗效果的关键。     

手术治疗髋臼骨折

2001~2005年,我院采用手术治疗髋关节骨折患者15例,获得良好疗效。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组15例,男12例,女3例,年龄21~56岁。左侧6例,右侧9例;均为新鲜骨折。其中合并多发骨折11例,合并髋脱位2例,合并颅脑及腹部复合伤2例。按照Letournel-Ju-det分类法分类:前柱骨折2例,前壁