单侧与双侧经皮椎弓根固定微创TLIF的比较

[目的]比较微创经椎间孔椎间融合术(MIS-TLIF)单侧与双侧经皮椎弓根螺钉固定治疗单节段腰椎退行性疾病的临床疗效。[方法]回顾性分析本院2012年7月~2015年1月收治的72例应用MIS-TLIF治疗的单节段腰椎退行性疾病患者,其中经皮单侧固定34例,双侧固定38例。观察两种固定方式手术时间、术中出血量、下地活动时间、临床疗效(ODI评分、VAS评分)、并发症发生率、术后2年的椎体间融合情况。[结果]手术时间单侧组少于双侧组[(116.34±34.53)min vs(148.65±42.92)min,P<0.05],术中出血量单侧组少于双侧组[(126.54±21.67)ml vs(153.36±38.24)ml,P<0.05];但术后下地活动时间和住院时间两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访时间25~30个月,平均28.5个月。两组的VAS、ODI评分术后2年均较术前显著降低(P<0.05),但相同时间点,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。双侧组术后2年融合率(94.73%)优于单纯固定组(76.57%)(P<0.05)。单侧组出现6例继发性脊柱侧弯,而双侧组仅1例发生脊柱侧弯,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]单侧和双侧固定的微创TLIF都有着满意的临床疗效,单侧固定术中出血少,手术时间短,但从长期疗效看双侧固定要优于单侧固定。     

微创经椎间孔腰椎间融合术治疗高位腰椎间盘突出症

目的评价微创经椎间孔入路腰椎间融合术（MIS-TLIF）治疗高位腰椎间盘突出症的中短期临床疗效。方法对自2009-01—2012—12收治的高位腰椎间盘突出症22例行MIS—TLIF术,根据患者症状、体征及影像学资料,切除单侧减压、对侧潜行减压或两侧开窗减压,并行自体及同种异体骨椎间植骨、椎间融合器融合、经皮椎弓根钉内固定。结果所有患者获平均（12±3）个月的随访,出现椎间植骨不融合1例,椎间植骨融合时间为（7．2±1．3）个月。术后下肢放射痛VAS评分及腰背痛ODI评分与术前比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。改良MacNab标准评价优良率为86．4％。结论MIS-TLIF治疗高位腰椎间盘突出症是安全、有效的方法。     

微创与开放TLIF治疗腰椎间盘突出伴功能性侧弯

[目的]评估内镜辅助经椎间孔腰椎融合术（minimaly invasive surgery-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, MISTLIF）治疗伴功能性脊柱侧弯的单节段腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。[方法]回顾性分析2014年6月—2020年12月接受手术的51例伴有功能性脊柱侧弯的单节段腰椎间盘突出症患者的临床资料,依据医患沟通结果,20例采用MIS-TLIF （微创组）,31例采用开放TLIF （开放组）。比较两组临床和影像资料。[结果]两组患者均顺利完成手术,术中无神经、血管损伤等严重并发症。微创组术中出血量、切口长度、住院时间显著优于开放组（P<0.05）。随访（19.55±4.28）个月,随时间推移,两组腰腿痛VAS、ODI评分均显著降低（P<0.05）,但相应时间点,两组间上述评分的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。影像方面,两组末次随访时侧弯Cobb角较术前均显著显著减小（P<0.05）,而椎间隙高度及与L1～S1前凸角显著增加（P<0.05）。[结论]与开放TLIF相比,内镜辅助TLIF具有手术切口小...     

MIS-TLIF术和TLIF术治疗单节段腰椎管狭窄症效果对比

目的 研究比较微创经椎间孔入路腰椎椎间融合术（MIS-TLIF）与经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术（TLIF）治疗单节段腰椎管狭窄症的临床疗效。方法 使用便利抽样法选取我院2016年1月~2020年12月收治的单节段腰椎管狭窄症患者60例作为研究对象,根据接受的手术方法将患者分为对照法将其分为MIS-TLIF组（n=30例）和TLIF组（n=30例）。比较两组患者围手术期相关指标差异、术前与术后不同时间腰椎Oswestry功能障碍指数（ODI）及视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分差异,采血测定手术前后血清白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、肌酸激酶（CK）及C反应蛋白（CRP）等实验室指标变化。结果 研究组患者手术持续时间长于对照组（P<0.05）,术中出血量、术后引流量、术后下床时间及出院时间均小于对照组（P<0.05）;术后不同时间研究组患者ODI评分均低于对照组（P<0.05）;术后不同时间研究组患者VAS评分均低于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗后研究组患者血清IL-6、IL-10、CK及CRP表达水平低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 MIS-TLIF术在治疗单节段腰椎管狭窄症患者中应用安全性更高,缩短患者术后恢复时间并改善其腰椎功能及疼痛症状,减轻术后肌肉损伤程度,促进患者炎症指标恢复。     

MIS-TLIF单侧与双侧椎弓根钉内固定治疗腰椎间盘突出症合并腰椎不稳的疗效比较

目的比较微创经椎间孔入路腰椎椎间融合术(Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion,MISTLIF)单侧与双侧椎弓根钉内固定治疗腰椎间盘突出症合并腰椎不稳的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2017-06—2019-06诊治的78例腰椎间盘突出症合并腰椎不稳,39例采用MIS-TLIF单侧椎弓根钉内固定治疗(单侧组),39例采用MIS-TLIF双侧椎弓根钉内固定治疗(双侧组)。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量以及术前、术后7 d、术后6个月疼痛VAS评分、JOA评分、ODI指数、IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α、CD20、CD45、CD68水平,比较2组末次随访时邻近节段退变等级。结果78例均顺利完成手术,随访时间6～16个月,平均9.0个月。单侧组手术时间、术中出血量较双侧组少,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后7 d与术后6个月2组IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α、CD20、CD45、CD68水平较术前降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),单侧组IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α、CD20、CD45、CD68水平较双侧组低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后7 d与术后6个月2组疼痛VAS评分、ODI指数较术前降低,JOA评分较术前增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),但2组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。末次随访时单侧组邻近节段退变等级较双侧组优,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 MISTLIF单侧与双侧椎弓根钉内固定治疗腰椎间盘突出症合并腰椎不稳均可以取得满意的临床疗效,但采用单侧椎弓根钉内固定术后邻近节段退变等级更优,手术产生的应激反应更小。     

微创和开放TLIF治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症的比较

目的评价即时三维导航下单节段微创经椎间孔椎体融合术（minimallytransforaminallumbarinterbodyfu．sion,mini—TLIF）与开放后路（openposteriortransforaminallumbarinterbodyfusion,open—TLIF）的短期临床疗效比较。方法2011年10月至2012年2月对40例单节段腰椎间盘突出症患者分别采用即时三维导航下mini—TLIF（20例）和open—TLIF（20例）术式进行对比研究。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、术后住院时间与总住院时间。视觉模拟评分（visualanaloguescale,VAS）和日本骨科协会（Japaneseorthopaedicassociation,JOA）下腰痛评分评价术后伤口疼痛及功能情况。结果4｜D例均获得随访,mini—TLIF组平均手术时间较open—TLIF组长,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,mini—TLIF组总的住院时间、术后住院的时间较open—TLIF组明显缩短,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;mini—TLIF组术中出血量明显较open—rrIJIF组减少,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;术后引流量明显较open—TLIF组减少,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;术后3dmini—THF组腰痛VAS评分的降低更为明显,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;术后3dmini—TLIF组JOA评分同open—TLIF组比较下降更为明显,差异有统计学意义（P〈O．01）。术前、术后6个月两组腰、腿痛VAS评分、JOA评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论即时三维导航下单节段微创TLIF具有术中出血量少、术后引流少、创伤小、住院时间短、短期疗效确切等优点,是一种有效的治疗方法。     

通道下单侧钉棒固定微创经椎间孔腰椎间融合术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨通道下单侧钉棒固定微创经椎间孔腰椎间融合术(MIS-TLIF)治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法采用Quadrant通道下单侧椎弓根钉棒固定MIS-TLIF治疗32例腰椎间盘突出症患者。记录疼痛VAS评分、ODI评分、椎间cage植骨融合及并发症情况。结果患者均获得随访,时间11～28个月。所有患者未出现椎间隙感染、内固定松动断裂、椎间融合器移位等并发症。末次随访均达到椎间骨性融合。VAS评分:术后3个月、末次随访分别为0～4(1. 25±0. 65)分、0～2(1. 01±0. 35)分,与术前6～10(7. 81±1. 63)分比较差异均有统计学意义(P 0. 05);末次随访与术后3个月比较差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。ODI评分:术后3个月、末次随访分别为4～36(15. 3±7. 5)分、0～16(9. 1±2. 7)分,与术前42～88(61. 25±12. 53)分比较差异均有统计学意义(P 0. 05);末次随访与术后3个月比较差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论Quadrant通道辅助下单侧椎弓根钉棒固定结合MIS-TLIF微创手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效确切。     

传统和微创经椎间孔椎体间融合术临床效果对比

[目的]探讨和对比微创下经椎间孔椎体间融合术(MIS-TLIF)与传统TLIF治疗椎间盘突出症伴腰椎不稳的临床疗效。[方法]回顾性分析2013年5月～2016年1月行MIS-TLIF和TLIF手术的单节段椎间盘突出症伴腰椎不稳的65例患者,其中MIS-TLIF 20例、TLIF45例,比较两组患者手术时间、出血量、术中辐射量、住院时间和平均费用。对比术后并发症,临床效果及术后融合率。[结果] MIS-TLIF组手术时间及射线暴露时间明显长于TLIF组(P0.05),出血量明显少于TLIF组(P0.05);住院时间明显短于TLIF组(P0.05);耗材费用明显高于TLIF组(P0.05),但非耗材费用明显低于TLIF组(P0.05)。MIS-TLIF组2例椎弓根螺钉不佳,但无神经症状未做特殊处理。TLIF组3例切口感染,1例脑脊液漏并发颅内感染。术后两组疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)较术前明显改善,但相同时间点两组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。末次随访时,根据Bridwell腰椎融合评价标准,MIS-TLIF组和TLIF组融合率分别为85.00%和91.11%,差异无统计学意义。(P0.05)[结论] MIS-TLIF治疗单节段椎间盘突出症伴腰椎不稳可以达到传统TLIF治疗相同的临床效果,具有创伤小,出血少,术后并发症少,术后花费少等优点,但术中时间和辐射量大,内置物费用高。     

微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术与PLIF治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效比较

目的比较微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术(MIS-TLIF)与后路腰椎椎间融合术(PLIF)治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症临床疗效,评价MIS-TLIF的安全性及有效性。方法选取自2013-06—2015-01诊治且符合纳入标准的56例腰椎间盘突出症进行研究,PLIF组34例,MIS-TLIF组22例。比较2组手术时间,术中出血量,术后引流量,术前及术后1周ODI评分,术前与术后1周腰、腿痛VAS评分。结果 2组切口均一期愈合。56例均获得8~14(11.2±2.3)个月的随访。与PLIF组相比,MIS-TLIF组术中出血量、术后引流量更少,术后1周VAS评分及ODI评分更低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);但2组手术时间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2组术后1周腰痛、腿痛VAS评分及ODI评分较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论采用MIS-TLIF与传统开放PLIF治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症均能获得理想临床疗效,但是MIS-TLIF在术中减少组织创伤及术后恢复方面明显优于PLIF。     

改良微创经椎间孔腰椎间融合术治疗复发型腰椎间盘突出症

目的 探讨改良微创经椎间孔腰椎间融合术(MIS-TLIF)治疗复发型腰椎间盘突出症的疗效.方法 将49例复发型腰椎间盘突出症患者根据治疗方式不同分为A组(13例,采用改良MIS-TLIF治疗)、B组(15例,采用MIS-TLIF治疗)和C组(21例,采用TLIF治疗).比较3组手术情况、疼痛VAS评分及ODI,记录椎间...     

Clinical outcomes of two minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for lumbar degenerative diseases

Background

There are two modified TLIF, including MIS-TLIF and TLIF through Wiltse approach (W-TLIF). Although both of the two minimally invasive surgical procedures can be effective in the treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases, no comparative analysis has been made so far regarding their clinical outcomes.

Objective

To compare the clinical outcomes of MIS-TLIF and W-TLIF for the treatment for single-segment degenerative lumbar diseases.

Methods

Ninety-seven patients with single-segment degenerative lumbar disorders were included in this study. Forty-seven underwent MIS-TLIF surgery (group A). For group B, fifty patients underwent W-TLIF. The Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, the visual analog scale (VAS) of low back pain (LBP) and leg pain, MRI score and atrophy rate of CSA, interbody fusion rate were assessed during the postoperative follow-up.

Results

Incision length, blood loss, operative time, CPK, and postoperative incision pain VAS were better in group A (P < 0.05). The seconds of intraoperative fluoroscopy in groups A and B were 76 ± 9 and 7 ± 2, respectively (P < 0.05). In group B, The blood loss and CPK at L5-S1 were significantly higher than those at L4-5. Postoperative JOA scores, VAS of leg pain, and fusion rate were statistically the same between the two groups. VAS of LBP, MRI score, and atrophy rate of CSA was better in group A than in group B (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Both methods are effective in the treatment for lumbar degenerative disease. MIS-TLIF has less blood loss, shorter surgical incision, and less lower postoperative back pain, while W-TLIF is less expensive for hospital stay with lower exposure to X-rays.

     

MIS-TLIF术单侧与双侧内固定临床效果比较的Meta分析

目的 :比较MIS-TLIF手术单侧与双侧螺钉内固定治疗腰椎退行性疾病的临床效果。方法:计算机检索Medline、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库、中国知网等中英文数据库2000年1月至2015年10月关于MIS-TLIF手术单侧与双侧内固定治疗腰椎退行性疾病的临床研究。对纳入的文献进行资料提取,根据Cachrane handbook 5.1.0对纳入的随机对照研究(RCT)进行质量评价,根据MINORS评价方法对纳入的回顾性或前瞻性研究进行方法学质量评价,采用Rev Man 5.2.0软件对疼痛视觉模拟(VAS)评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分、腰椎前凸角、节段前凸角、腰椎侧凸角、节段侧凸角、融合率、并发症发生率、手术时间、失血量、住院时间等指标进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入9篇研究,451例患者,其中随机对照研究4篇,前瞻性研究2篇,回顾性研究3篇。Meta分析结果显示:单侧固定组与双侧固定组比较,VAS腰痛评分、VAS下肢痛评分、ODI、腰椎前凸角、节段前凸角、腰椎侧凸角、节段侧凸角、融合率、并发症发生率及住院时间的差异均无统计学意义;手术时间及术中失血量差异有统计学意义。结论:MIS-TLIF术中单侧固定与双侧固定治疗腰椎退行性疾病的临床效果相当,两种固定方式的并发症发生率也无差异,同时单侧固定由于手术时间短、失血少等原因具有更好的安全性。由于纳入文献的方法学质量不高、样本量较小、评价指标较主观、随访时间短、存在临床异质性等原因,结论尚需进一步研究明确。     

微创腰椎融合技术新进展

传统腰椎融合术作为治疗退变、创伤、感染、肿瘤等多因素所致脊柱不稳疾患的主要手术方式,已被脊柱外科医生广泛接受。然而,传统腰椎融合术缺点在于广泛的软组织剥离和长时间的肌肉牵拉。这会导致术后疼痛加重,恢复时间延长,脊柱功能受损。因此,保证手术安全有效的同时将软组织损伤降至最低的微创技术成为了当今脊柱外科领域的一个重要发展方向。     

微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术单侧与双侧椎弓根螺钉内固定临床对照研究

目的 比较微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术(MIS-TLIF)联合单侧椎弓根螺钉(UPS)内固定与双侧椎弓根螺钉(BPS)内固定治疗单节段腰椎退行性疾病临床疗效、影像学检查结果及手术费用.方法 2010年8月至2013年10月,采用MIS-TLIF联合椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗42例单节段腰椎退行性疾病患者.根据后侧内固定方式,将42例患者分为UPS组(20例)和BPS组(22例).比较两组患者手术前后疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)及Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分、手术时间、术中出血量、术后下地时间、并发症发生率、腰椎椎间融合率、手术费用等.结果 UPS组平均随访(26.9±5.9)个月(17～39个月),BPS组平均随访(34.6±11.2)个月(12～46个月),两组患者术后VAS、ODI评分较术前均有明显改善(P＜0.05),但两组组间无显著性差异(P＞0.05).UPS组手术时间、术中出血量、术后下地时间分别为(151.3±25.5)min、(117.5±61.3)ml、(3.6±1.5)d,BPS组分别为(181.6±35.8)m in、(209.1±157.8)ml、(6.4±4.3)d,两组组间有显著性差异(P＜0.05),UPS组明显优于BPS组.两组术中及术后并发症发生率、腰椎椎间融合率无显著性差异(P＞0.05).UPS组手术费用为(36359.0±4081.4)元,BPS组为(57058.4±7169.1)元,UPS组优于BPS组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 MIS-TLIF联合UPS内固定治疗单节段腰椎退行性疾病可取得与MIS-TLIF联合BPS内固定相当的临床疗效和影像学检查结果,且在手术时间、术中出血量、术后下地时间、手术费用等方面更具优势.     

小切口单侧固定的经椎间孔椎体间融合治疗下腰椎退行性疾病中期疗效评价

Objective To evaluate the mid-term clinical outcomes of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with unilateral pedicle screw fixation for lower lumbar degenerative diseases. Methods From April 2004 to December 2005, minimally invasive TLIF through paramedian approach with unilateral pedicle screw fixation was performed in a consecutive series of 43 patients, including 24 male and 19 female, aging from 38 to 71 years, with an average age of 49 years. The length of surgical incision was 3 cm. The operation level at L3.4 were 3 cases, L4.5 27 cases,L5-S1 13 cases and no case was at multilevel. Clinical outcomes were assessed by ODI scores and JOA questionnaires before and after operation. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision status and complications were recorded. Radiological examination was obtained for each patient to assess the height of intervertebral space, postoperative intervertebral fusion conditions and the degeneration of adjacent segments. Results The mean operation time was 110 minutes, the mean blood loss was 150 ml and all the incisions were healed primarily. The follow-up time ranged from 36 to 58 months. The ODI scores decreased significantly from 60 ± 10 preoperatively to 12 ±4 postoperatively(P < 0. 01). The JOA scores were improved remarkably from 9. 6±2. 2 preoperatively to 23. 8±2.0 postoperatively ( P < 0. 01 ) and the proportion with optimal effect was 86%. The ventral and dorsal heights of intervertebral disc were significantly higher than those before operation ( P < 0. 01). The fusion rate was 94%. The incidence of adjacent segment degeneration was 17%. There were no complications such as secondary scoliosis, screw loosening, internal fixation failure and cage slippage. Conclusions The minimally invasive TLIF through paramedian approach with unilateral pedicle screw fixation is an effective and convenient method with little surgical trauma. The mid-term follow up results showed favorable outcomes in patients receiving this surgery.     

小切口单侧固定的经椎间孔椎体间融合治疗下腰椎退行性疾病中期疗效评价

目的 评价小切13单侧固定的经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合(TLIF)治疗下腰椎退行性疾病的中期临床疗效.方法 2004年4月至2005年12月采用旁正中入路下小切口(长约3 cm)TLIF结合单侧椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗43例下腰椎退行性疾病患者,其中男性24例,女性19例;年龄38～71岁,平均49岁.均为单节段手术,其中L3～43例,L4～527例,L5～S113例.观察手术时间、术中出血量及切口愈合情况,分析相关并发症.采用Oswestry功能障碍指数评分(ODI)和日本骨科学会评分(JOA)评价疗效,并且通过影像学检查对椎间隙不同部位高度、术后椎体间融合情况以及手术邻近节段的退变情况进行评价.结果 平均手术时间110 min,术中出血最约150 ml,手术切口均一期愈合.平均随访时间46个月,ODl分值由术前的(60±10)分下降到末次随访时(12±4)分(P<0.01),JOA分值由术前的(9.6±2.2)分提高到末次随访时(23.8±2.O)分(P<0.01),最终疗效评价优良者占86%.椎间隙腹、背侧高度均有显著提高,末次随访总融合率为94%,相邻节段影像学观察退变发生率为17%.未发现继发性脊柱侧弯,螺钉松动、断裂等情况.结论 旁正中人路下小切口TILF结合单侧椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗下腰椎退行性疾病,手术创伤小,经济方便,疗效显著.     

小切口单侧固定的经椎间孔椎体间融合治疗下腰椎退行性疾病中期疗效评价

Objective To evaluate the mid-term clinical outcomes of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with unilateral pedicle screw fixation for lower lumbar degenerative diseases. Methods From April 2004 to December 2005, minimally invasive TLIF through paramedian approach with unilateral pedicle screw fixation was performed in a consecutive series of 43 patients, including 24 male and 19 female, aging from 38 to 71 years, with an average age of 49 years. The length of surgical incision was 3 cm. The operation level at L3.4 were 3 cases, L4.5 27 cases,L5-S1 13 cases and no case was at multilevel. Clinical outcomes were assessed by ODI scores and JOA questionnaires before and after operation. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision status and complications were recorded. Radiological examination was obtained for each patient to assess the height of intervertebral space, postoperative intervertebral fusion conditions and the degeneration of adjacent segments. Results The mean operation time was 110 minutes, the mean blood loss was 150 ml and all the incisions were healed primarily. The follow-up time ranged from 36 to 58 months. The ODI scores decreased significantly from 60 ± 10 preoperatively to 12 ±4 postoperatively(P < 0. 01). The JOA scores were improved remarkably from 9. 6±2. 2 preoperatively to 23. 8±2.0 postoperatively ( P < 0. 01 ) and the proportion with optimal effect was 86%. The ventral and dorsal heights of intervertebral disc were significantly higher than those before operation ( P < 0. 01). The fusion rate was 94%. The incidence of adjacent segment degeneration was 17%. There were no complications such as secondary scoliosis, screw loosening, internal fixation failure and cage slippage. Conclusions The minimally invasive TLIF through paramedian approach with unilateral pedicle screw fixation is an effective and convenient method with little surgical trauma. The mid-term follow up results showed favorable outcomes in patients receiving this surgery.     

Minimally-invasive technique for transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF)

Minimal access surgical techniques have been described for diskectomy and laminectomy procedures performed through tubular exposures. Tubular exposures, however, restrain visibility to a fixed diameter and require co-axial instrument manipulation. An independent blade retractor system has been developed to overcome the obstacles of working through a tube. Decompression and circumferential fusion can be accomplished through this minimal access exposure via a combination of laminectomy and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) coupled with minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation. Herein, we describe a minimally-invasive technique for TLIF exposure. Illustrations, intraoperative photographs, and fluoroscopic images supplement this technique. We found that the described minimally-invasive system provides comparable exposure to the traditional-open techniques with the benefits of minimally-invasive techniques. Additionally, it does not have the added constraints of a tubular system. We were able to perform TLIFs without any additional complications. Minimal access decompression and TLIF can be performed safely and effectively using this minimally-invasive system. Besides the retractor system, no additional specialized instruments are required. An operative microscope is not required, in fact, all our cases were performed using operative loupes. The light attachment provides superb visbility without the discomfort of having to wear a headlight. Thus far we have found no added risks or complications using this system. We are currently working on long-term analysis and follow-up to further evaluate this systems efficacy.     

微创经椎间孔腰椎体间融合术的围手术期并发症

目的:分析微创经椎间孔腰椎体间融合术(minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion,MIS-TLIF)的围手术期并发症发生情况。方法 :对2007年6月~2013年7月接受MIS-TLIF治疗的523例腰椎退变性疾病患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。男231例,女292例,年龄53.1±8.4岁(31~83岁)。其中腰椎滑脱症194例,腰椎管狭窄症128例,腰椎不稳症62例,巨大腰椎间盘脱出症59例,腰椎术后复发52例(开放腰椎间盘切除术后复发26例,显微内窥镜下椎间盘切除术后复发17例,经皮内窥镜下椎间盘切除术后复发9例),退变性椎间盘病(degenerative disc disease,DDD)28例。围手术期并发症定义为手术后1个月内发生的与手术直接相关的并发症。持久并发症指手术导致新的损害术后持续大于30d无改善,短暂并发症指手术导致新的损害在术后30d内获得改善。统计分析并发症发生情况及原因。结果:本组523例平均随访47.5±8.2个月(24~81个月)。92例患者共计发生围手术期并发症96例次,其中持久并发症2例次,分别为1例因为椎弓根解剖结构畸形在螺钉置入时造成神经根损伤和1例操作失误导致出行神经根损伤,神经功能部分恢复。90例发生短暂性并发症94例次,其中最常见为下肢麻木不适,发生率为10.71%(56/523),发生硬膜撕裂21例,表浅感染9例,局部血肿4例,神经卡压2例,深部感染1例,植骨移位1例。88例患者发生单项并发症,4例发生2项并发症,围手术期并发症发生率为17.59%(92/523)。不同疾病并发症率分别为:腰椎滑脱症17.53%,腰椎管狭窄症17.19%,腰椎不稳14.52%,巨大腰椎间盘脱出13.56%,腰椎术后翻修30.77%,退变性椎间盘病10.71%。单节段融合并发症率(17.53%)和双节段融合并发症发生率(18.42%)统计学差异不显著(χ~2=0.02,P0.05)。结论 :MIS-TLIF围手术期并发症包括神经根损伤、硬膜撕裂、切口感染和短暂性下肢麻木等,短暂性下肢麻木是最常见并发症。