Metachronous primary cancer of the tongue and malignant lymphoma of the small intestine: A case report

Rationale:Oral cancer often causes secondary primary cancers in the upper gastrointestinal tract. However, there are no reports of secondary primary cancers in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and malignant lymphoma of the small intestine. This report describes a case of metachronous multiple primary cancers of the tongue and small intestine malignant lymphoma.Patients concerns:The patient was admitted to our department with the chief complaint of pain in the right tongue. Partial tongue resection and supraomohyoid neck dissection were performed. One year after surgery, the patient experienced abdominal pain and bloody stools.Diagnosis:Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was diagnosed via histological examination.Interventions:A terminal ileum resection was performed. Postoperatively, the patient received 6 courses of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP).Outcomes:Five years after his initial diagnosis, there is no evidence of recurrence, metastasis, or other primary cancer.Lessons:Oral cancer patients should always be followed up owing to a possibility of malignant tumors in other areas.     

胃复合型腺癌伴小肠非霍奇金淋巴瘤1例

病例患者,男,72岁。无明显诱因出现食欲不振1个月,进食量明显减少入院,伴轻度腹胀,无反酸、恶心、呕吐,无乏力、黑便,无心慌、胸闷、嗳气等症状。查体：腹部平坦,无肠型及胃肠蠕动波,腹壁静脉无曲张,上腹部有深压痛,无反跳痛,无腹肌紧张。肝脾肋下未触及,全腹未扪及明显肿块。肠鸣音正常,3-4次/分,未闻及气过水声及金属音。实验室检查：血常规、肝肾功能、血糖、血生化、癌胚抗原均在正常范围内。     

Synchronous and metachronous neoplasms in gastric cancer patients: A 23-year study

AIM: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of additional primary malignancies in gastric cancer (GC) patients.METHODS: GC patients (862 total; 570 men, 292 women; mean age 59.8 ± 12.8 years) diagnosed at the Department of Gastroenterology at Pomeranian Medical University over a period of 23 years were included in this retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database. Mean follow-up time was 31.3 ± 38.6 mo (range 1-241 mo). The following clinicopathological features of patients with synchronous tumors were compared to those with metachronous tumors: age, sex, symptom duration, family history of cancer, tumor site, stage (early vs advanced), histology, and blood group. GC patients with and without a second tumor were compared in terms of the same clinicopathological features.RESULTS: Of 862 GC patients, 58 (6.7%) developed a total of 62 multiple primary tumors, of which 39 (63%) were metachronous and 23 (37%) synchronous. Four (6.9%) of the 58 multiple GC patients developed two or more neoplasms. The predominant tumor type of the secondary neoplasms was colorectal (n = 17), followed by lung (n = 9), breast (n = 8), and prostate (n = 7). Age was the only clinicopathological feature that differed between GC patients with synchronous vs metachronous malignancies; GC patients with synchronous neoplasms were older than those with metachronous neoplasms (68.0 ± 10.3 years vs 59.9 ± 11.1 years, respectively, P = 0.008). Comparisons between patients with and without a second primary cancer revealed that the only statistically significant differences were in age and blood group. The mean age of the patients with multiple GC was higher than that of those without a second primary tumor (63.4 ± 11.4 years vs 59.5 ± 13.0 years, respectively, P = 0.026). GC patients with a second primary tumor were more commonly blood group O than those without (56.2% vs 31.6%, respectively, P = 0.002).CONCLUSION: GC patients may develop other primary cancers; appropriate preoperative and postoperative diagnostic modalities are thus required, particularly if patients are older and blood group O.     

回肠末端弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤并肠梗阻1例报道

原发性肠道淋巴瘤临床很少见,易误诊。     

Comparative study of intestinal tuberculosis and primary small intestinal lymphoma

AIM:To characterize the clinical,radiological,endoscopic and pathological features of intestinal tuberculosis(ITB)and primary small intestinal lymphoma(PSIL).METHODS:This was a retrospective study from February 2005 to October 2012 of patients with a diagnosis of ITB(n=41)or PSIL(n=37).All patients with ITB or PSIL underwent computed tomography(CT)and pathological examination.Thirty-five patients with ITB and 32 patients with PSIL underwent endoscopy.These patients were followed for a further 18 mo to ascertain that the diagnosis had not changed.Clinical,endoscopic,CT and pathological features were compared between ITB and PSIL patients.RESULTS:Night sweating,fever,pulmonary TB and ascites were discovered significantly more often in ITB than in PSIL patients(P<0.05),however,abdominal mass,hematochezia and intestinal perforation were found significantly more frequently in PSIL than in ITB patients(P<0.05).Ring-like and rodent-like ulcers occurred significantly more often in ITB than in PSIL patients(P<0.05),however,enterorrhagia and raised lesions were significantly more frequent in PSIL than in ITB patients(P<0.05).The rate of granuloma was significantly higher in ITB than in PSIL patients(87.8%vs 13.5%,χ2=43.050,P<0.05),and the incidence of confluent granulomas with caseous necrosis was significantly higher in ITB than in PSIL patients(47.2%vs0.0%,χ2=4.034,P<0.05).Multi-segmental lesions,mural stratification,mural gas sign,and intestinal stricture were more frequent in ITB than in PSIL patients(P<0.05),however,a single-layer thickening of bowel wall,single segmental lesions,and intussusception were more common in PSIL than in ITB patients(P<0.05).Necrotic lymph nodes,comb sign and inflammatory mass were more frequent in ITB than in PSIL patients(P<0.05).The bowel wall enhancement in ITB patients was greater than that in PSIL patients(P<0.05),while the thickening and lymph node enlargement in PSIL patients were higher than those in ITB patients(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Combined evaluation of clinical,radiological,endoscopic and pathological features is the key to differentiation between ITB and PSIL.     

Characteristics and prognosis of synchronous multiple early gastric cancer

AIM:To assess the clinicopathologic characteristics,risk factors,and prognosis for synchronous multiple early gastric cancer(SMGC).METHODS:A total of 146 patients with SMGC and1194 patients with single gastric cancer who had undergone gastrectomy between 1989 and 2008 were retrospectively analyzed to determine their clinicopathologic characteristics and postoperative survival.Tumors were classified into groups on the basis of location and histology.Smoking habits were evaluated using the Brinkman index.Clinical and pathological factors were compared using either Fisher’s exact test or Pearson’sχ2test.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors.Survival rate was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.RESULTS:SMGCs accounted for 10.9%of gastric cancer cases and occurred predominantly in elderly male patients with a family history of gastric cancer who were both smokers and drinkers.These tumors were typically macroscopically elevated and histologically differentiated.There were no significant differences between SMGC and single gastric cancer patients with respect to tumor location,tumor size,lymph node metastasis,the number of metastatic lymph nodes,venous invasion,or tumor stage(P=0.052,P=0.347,P=0.595,P=0.805,P=0.559,and P=0.408,respectively).Further,there was no significant difference in postoperative survival between the patient groups(P=0.200).Of the 146SMGC patients,a single patient had remnant cancer.CONCLUSION:A careful preoperative endoscopy is necessary for patients who are at high risk of SMGC,and minimally invasive treatment may be indicated in some cases.     

Laparoscopic wedge resection of synchronous gastric intraepithelial neoplasia and stromal tumor: a case report

Synchronous occurrence of epithelial neoplasia and gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)in the stomach is uncommon.Only rare cases have been reported in the literature.We present here a 60-year-old female case of synchronous occurrence of gastric high-level intraepithelial neoplasia and GIST with the features of 22 similar cases and detailed information reported in the Englishlanguage literature summarized.In the present patient,epithelial neoplasia and GIST were removed en bloc by laparoscopic wedge resection.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first reported case treated by laparo-scopic wedge resection.     

Synchronous gastric cancer in primary sporadic colorectal cancer patients in Korea

Background and aims Colorectal cancer has been reported to be the malignancy most frequently associated with gastric cancer in Korea. The aim of this study was to define the frequency and clinical characteristics of synchronous gastric cancer detected at preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in colorectal cancer patients. Materials and methods This prospective study analyzed the EGD results from 1,542 consecutive colorectal cancer patients who underwent surgery from January 2003 to December 2005 at the Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Korea. Results Of the 1,542 cases, 1,155 (74.9%) underwent EGD at our center and 387 underwent EGD at other hospitals within 6 months before surgery. Of the 1,542 cases, synchronous gastric cancers were detected in 31 cases (2.0%). Of these 31 cases, 26 had early gastric cancer (EGC; 83.9%) and 5 had advanced gastric cancer. Ten (38.5%) of the 26 EGC cases were managed using endoscopic mucosal resection. Compared to colorectal cancer patients without synchronous gastric cancer, the group of patients with synchronous gastric cancer was older (65.5 ± 9.6 vs 58.4 ± 11.3 years, p = 0.001) and had a greater proportion of males (77.4 vs 59.4%, p = 0.043). Conclusion This study found that 2% of Korean sporadic colorectal cancer patients had synchronous gastric cancer. A preoperative EGD for colorectal cancer patients is likely to greatly assist in the diagnosis of synchronous gastric cancer at an early stage and the implementation of appropriate minimally invasive treatment. Presented at the Tenth Congress of Asian Federation of Coloproctology, Singapore, March 24–26, 2005.     

Laparoscopic resection of synchronous intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: A case report

We describe herein a 68-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a quite rare entity of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) occurring simultaneously in the left lateral lobe of liver and the tail of pancreas. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed a cystic dilatation of the pancreatic duct in the pancreatic tail, which suggested an IPMN, and multiple intrahepatic duct stones in the left lateral lobe. The patient underwent a laparoscopic left lateral hepatolobectomy and spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy. Intra-operative finding of massive mucin in the dilated bile duct implied an intraductal mucinous tumor in the liver. The diagnosis of synchronous IPMNs in the liver and pancreas was confirmed by pathological examination. The patient was followed up for 6 mo without signs of recurrence. Although several cases of IPMN of liver without any pancreatic association have been reported, the simultaneous occurrence of IPMNs in the liver and pancreas is very rare. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first reported case treated by laparoscopic resection.     

Synchronous and metachronous occurrence of gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric lymphoma：A review of the literature

The occurrence of both primary gastric lymphoma and gastric adenocarcinoma in the same patient is a rare entity. The possible causative factors of synchronous or metachronous occurrence of both malignancies and varieties in the treatment modalities are reviewed according to published cases in English language medical literature.     

小肠原发癌造成多重癌患者术后肠梗阻一例

随着临床诊疗技术的发展、人类寿命的延长以及环境污染的逐渐加重,多重癌的发病率逐年增加,且极易漏诊或误诊。乳腺癌发病率较高,而十二指肠壶腹部癌及小肠癌发病率低,三种恶性肿瘤异时性的出现于同一患者并导致术后输入袢梗阻更属罕见。现将中国医科大学附属盛京医院肿瘤内科收治的1例由小肠原发癌造成多重癌患者术后输入袢肠梗阻的病例进行报道。     

Paraneoplastic pemphigus associated with small lymphocytic lymphoma: A case report

Introduction:Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is a life-threatening autoimmune blistering disease associated with underlying neoplasms. Currently, this disease is very difficult to treat.Patient concerns:We reported a rare case of paraneoplastic pemphigus associated with small lymphocytic lymphoma responsive to desmoglein 3 (Dsg3) and bullous pemphigoid (BP) antigen 180.Diagnoses:The initial diagnosis was hypothesized to be Stevens-Johnson syndrome based on the severe mucosal erosion and polymorphous skin lesions. However, the histopathological examination of the skin biopsy and immunology revealed PNP.Interventions:Anti-tumor therapy, immunosuppression and anti-infective therapy were administered.Outcomes:After a series of treatments, the skin lesions had been alleviated remarkably. Enzyme-linked immunoassays indices for Dsg3 and bullous pemphigoid antigen 180 decreased (Dsg3, 32; bullous pemphigoid antigen 180, 70.44). Unfortunately, 2 months later, the patient suffered respiratory failure due to the lung impairment of small lymphocytic lymphoma and infection. Eventually, the patient chose to be discharged from the hospital and lost the opportunity for follow-up treatment as he could not afford the expensive treatment costs.Lessons:It is highly susceptible to misdiagnosis due to polymorphous skin lesions. In this case, it was also initially misdiagnosed as Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Therefore, we should pay great attention to differential diagnosis. When refractory stomatitis and mucosal erosions occur, the possibility of PNP should be considered first. At the same time, pathology, immunology and other related tests as well as the examination of primary tumors should be carried out as soon as possible.     

结直肠同时性+异时性多原发四重癌一例报道并文献复习

多原发结直肠癌（MPCC）又称重复性结直肠癌,在临床上的发病率呈逐年上升趋势,其发病原因及机制不详,目前尚无统一、规范的诊治指南,临床医师极易漏诊,延误病情。本文报道1例结直肠同时性+异时性多原发四重癌的病例并复习文献,旨在提高临床医师对MPCC诊治的警觉性。     

Synchronous double primary lymphoma and thyroid cancer: A single-institution retrospective study

Synchronous double primary malignancies of lymphoma and thyroid cancer are rare. In this retrospective study, we investigated the pathology, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of patients with synchronous lymphoma and thyroid cancer.Of the 1156 newly diagnosed lymphoma patients treated in our hospital between January 1, 2016 and February 1, 2021, 8 cases had lymphoma complicated with thyroid cancer. The clinical data and treatment strategies of 8 cases with synchronous lymphoma and thyroid cancer were retrospectively analyzed.The median age of patients was 56 (25–64) years. All the 8 patients were female and papillary thyroid cancer. Only 1 patient had peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and the other 7 were B-cell lymphoma. Seven of 8 patients had normal free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine at the time of diagnosis. Seven thyroid cancer patients received total thyroidectomy and levothyroxine and the remaining 1 patient has a plan for surgery. At the last follow-up, 7 patients with B-cell lymphoma are alive; the patient with peripheral T-cell lymphoma complicated with thyroid cancer died due to lymphoma progression.Synchronous lymphoma and thyroid cancer are more predominant in women. Histologically, B-cell lymphomas and papillary thyroid cancer subtypes are more common. Attention should be paid to the presence of thyroid nodules in the diagnosis of lymphoma. Biopsy or ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of the suspicious thyroid nodule should be performed to exclude thyroid malignancy.     

Multiple primary cancers in extracolonic sites with colorectal cancer

Purpose  The present study was undertaken to clarify the clinical and pathological features of multiple primary cancers, especially those at extracolonic sites, in patients with colorectal cancers. Methods  We reviewed the records of 2,176 patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancers in our institute from January 1997 to December 2006. A synchronous multiple primary cancer was defined as extracolonic cancer detected within 6-month interval before and after the detection of colorectal cancer. Any metastasis from colorectal cancers was excluded. Results  Synchronous multiple primary cancers were identified in 32 patients. The stomach is the most common organ for synchronous multiple primary cancer development in patients with colorectal cancers (0.9%, 20/2,176). Conclusions  Gastric cancer is the most common synchronous multiple primary cancers occurring concomitantly with colorectal cancers. Careful preoperative screening is necessary for the detection of multiple primary cancers in extracolonic sites in patients with colorectal cancers.     

罕见胃肠道同时性多原发恶性肿瘤—胃B细胞淋巴瘤并直乙交界腺癌1例

近年来有关多原发恶性肿瘤的报道逐渐增多,本文报道胃B细胞淋巴瘤并直乙交界腺癌1例,这在国内外文献中未见相关报道。内镜活检和免疫组织化学法对于正确诊断是必要的。对于多原发性恶性肿瘤的治疗,提倡手术根治,可提高患者生存率。     

Gastric cancer patients at high-risk of having synchronous cancer

AIM: To identify patients with a high-risk of having a synchronous cancer among gastric cancer patients. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the prospective gastric cancer database at the National Cancer Center, Korea from December 2000 to December 2004. The clinicopathological characteristics of patients with synchronous cancers and those of patients without synchronous cancers were compared. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for the presence of a synchronous cancer in gastric cancer patients. RESULTS: 111 of 3291 gastric cancer patients (3.4%) registered in the database had a synchronous cancer. Among these 111 patients, 109 had a single synchronous cancer and 2 patients had two synchronous cancers. The most common form of synchronous cancer was colorectal cancer (42 patients, 37.2%) followed by lung cancer (21 patients, 18.6%). Multivariate analyses revealed that elderly patients with differentiated early gastric cancer have a higher probability of a synchronous cancer. CONCLUSION: Synchronous cancers in gastric cancer patients are not infrequent. The physicians should try to find synchronous cancers in gastric cancer patients, especially in the elderly with a differentiated early gastric cancer.     

原发性胃淋巴瘤临床病理和内镜特点分析

目的探讨原发性胃淋巴瘤（PGL）的临床病理和内镜下表现,提高对PGL的认识。方法对我院1999年1月～2010年3月经内镜检查、组织病理和免疫组化确诊的42例PGL的临床资料并进行分析。结果42例患者从发病到就诊时间平均5.2个月。首发症状为上腹部疼痛,依次有腹部饱胀、食欲减退、呕血与黑便、贫血、消瘦等临床表现。内镜下形态表现分弥散浸润型（17例）、多发溃疡型（14例）和隆起糜烂型（11例）。多部位、多种形态且病变范围广为其特征。内镜下常误诊为胃癌、溃疡等,需经病理学、免疫组化检查确诊。本组38例（90.5%）幽门螺杆菌（Hp）阳性。结论PGL起病较隐匿、病程较长。症状、体征不具特异性。内镜下多点深取组织活检及病理学、免疫组化检查是提高PGL确诊率和早期诊断率的重要方法。Hp感染与PGL有密切相关性。     

以小肠穿孔为表现的嗜酸粒细胞性胃肠炎1例

嗜酸粒细胞性胃肠炎属于原发性嗜酸粒细胞性胃肠道疾病,是以胃肠道组织中嗜酸粒细胞异常浸润为主要病理组织特征,伴有外周血嗜酸粒细胞增多的少见胃肠道疾病[1].可累及整个消化道,好发于胃和小肠[2].该病因临床表现多样化,缺乏特异性,故误诊率较高.本研究收治1例嗜酸粒细胞性胃肠炎患者,以反复腹痛、小肠穿孔为主要症状就诊.现报...