尼麦角林治疗帕金森性痴呆的疗效观察

目的观察尼麦角林治疗帕金森性痴呆的有效性和安全性。方法将42例符合原发性帕金森病伴有认知功能障碍及痴呆的患者双盲随机分为治疗组和对照组各21例，以简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）和帕金森病统一评分量表的第一分量表（UPDRS Subscale I）为评定指标对2组进行评判。结果与对照组相比，治疗组UPDRS评分减低，MMSE评分提高，均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论尼麦角林在改善患者精神活动、行为及情感障碍、痴呆等症状方面安全有效。     

尼麦角林联合银杏叶丸对非痴呆血管性认知损害的疗效观察

目的：观察尼麦角林和银杏叶丸对非痴呆血管性认知损害的疗效。方法选取96例 VCIND患者随机分为3组,每组各32例,尼麦角林组给予尼麦角林治疗,银杏叶丸组给予银杏叶丸治疗,联合治疗组则采用两种药物同时服用,疗程均为12周。以蒙特利尔认知评估量表（ Mo－CA）评分作为主要终点指标、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评分作为次要终点指标评估3组疗效。并比较两种指标的相关性。结果实际评估93例（3例未能坚持服药）。3组治疗后MoCA评分均明显上升（P ＜0．001）,联合治疗组疗效优于尼麦角林组（P ＜0．05）和银杏叶丸组（P ＜0．01）。3组治疗后HAMD评分均明显下降（P＜0．001）,联合治疗组疗效优于尼麦角林组（P＜0．01）和银杏叶丸组（P＜0．05,1－tail）。抑郁状态改善与认知状态改善有相关性（P＜0．05,R＝－0．431）。结论尼麦角林联合银杏叶丸改善VCIND患者认知功能状态效果优于两种药物单用;尼麦角林联合银杏叶丸改善VCIND患者的抑郁状态效果优于两药单用。抑郁状态改善与认知功能改善负相关。     

尼麦角林治疗血管性痴呆临床疗效观察

目的 对采用尼麦角林（即：脑通片）治疗血管性痴呆的临床疗效和安全性进行分析与探讨.方法 在本院选取60例患血管性痴呆的患者并采用随机分组的方法将其分为观察组和对照组两组,每组各30例.其中,对观察组患者使用尼麦角林,而对于对照组患者则使用胞二磷胆碱,对其治疗前后的MMSE和ADI进行对比并评分,检查其治疗前后的电解质、肝肾功能和血糖以及血常规还有心电图等并对比分析.结果 两组患者在治疗后的MMSE评分和ADI评分与治疗前相比较有明显的改善,其差异性显著.两组患者经治疗后均未发生严重的不良反应,但观察组的有效率和显效率分别为86.3％和67.65％,而对照组的有效率和显效率分别为66.84％和42.85％,经比较后两组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 采用尼麦角林对血管性痴呆患者进行治疗可明显改善患者的认知功能,提高其日常生活能力,是治疗血管性痴呆的有效药物,值得临床推广使用.     

尼麦角林与茴拉西坦治疗血管性痴呆临床研究

目的：探讨尼麦角林（Nicergoline）与茴拉西坦（Aniracetam）联合治疗轻中度血管性痴呆的疗效。方法：选取符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册DSM—Ⅲ诊断标准的血管性痴呆患者86例。随机分为尼麦角林组29例（尼麦角林30mg，poqd）；茴拉西坦组28例（茴拉西坦每次200mg，pobid）；联合治疗组29例（尼麦角林30mg，pobid及茴拉西坦200mg，pobid）。疗程均为12周。以简易精神状态检查（MMSE）、韦克斯勒记忆量表（WMS）、临床综合调查表（CGI）和日常生活能力量表（ADL）为评价指标，评价3组患者的疗效。结果：经12周治疗干预后，联合治疗组MMSE、WMS、SI及ADL较治疗前明显改善，P〈0．01。尼麦角林组上述四项指标亦改善明显，P〈0．05。而茴拉西坦组仅MMSE和ADL评分较前改善，P〈0．05。联合治疗组与尼麦角林组和茴拉西坦组比较，上述指标改善更明显，P〈0．05。而尼麦角林组与茴拉西坦组比较，仅MMSE有统计学差异意义显著，余P〉0．05。3组均无明显药物相关的不良反应。结论：尼麦角林联合茴拉西坦能更好地改善血管性痴呆患者的认知功能，无不良反应。     

尼麦角林治疗老年期痴呆的疗效观察

目的探讨尼麦角林治疗老年期痴呆的疗效。方法选择我院神经内科2010年11月至2011年11月通过MMSE,ADL测试,并且诊断为老年痴呆的患者76例,将老年期痴呆患者按随机单盲法分成研究组37例,对照组39例。对照组给予阿斯匹林口服、血塞通注射液、口服脑复康;治疗组在对照组的基础上给予尼麦角林治疗。两组都根据病情需要给予抗血小板以及降压降糖等基本治疗。两组用药6周前后均进行认知障碍程度检查和痴呆度评分。以简易精神状态检查（MMSE）和日常生活能力量表（ADL）为症状改善评价指标。结果两组治疗前后组内比较,MMSE与ADL均有改善,具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;组间比较研究组在MMSE与ADL改善均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论尼麦角林能改善老年期痴呆患者的认知功能和日常生活能力,有利于改善老年期痴呆的生活质量。     

尼麦角林治疗老年血管性痴呆的疗效观察

目的：观察尼麦角林治疗老年血管性痴呆的临床疗效及安全性。方法：本科2008年3月～2010年10月共收治70例老年血管性痴呆患者（观察组）,在常规治疗的基础上给予尼麦角林30mg,3次/d,口服;同时回顾性分析仅采用常规治疗的70例老年血管性痴呆患者的临床资料（对照组）。治疗3个月后,比较两组治疗前后MMSE、WMS、SI和ADL评分改善情况。结果：观察组治疗前后MMSE、WMS、SI和ADL评分改善情况均明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）,差异有统计学意义,并且治疗过程中未发现有明显不良反应。结论：尼麦角林治疗老年血管性痴呆疗效可靠,并且无明显不良反应发生,适合临床广泛应用。     

多奈哌齐联合尼麦角林治疗血管性痴呆的效果评价

目的评价血管性痴呆应用多奈哌齐联合尼麦角林治疗效果。方法随机抽取60例本院自2017年4~10月收治的血管性痴呆患者,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=30)与实验组(n=30),对照组给予多奈哌齐治疗,实验组给予多奈哌齐联合尼麦角林治疗,分析两组治疗总有效率、生化指标、认知功能、不良反应。结果治疗总有效率对比显示实验组高于对照组(P0.05);生化指标对比显示实验组低于对照组(P0.05);认知功能对比显示实验组高于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者均出现轻度恶心、上腹不适等不良反应,经有效处理后,改善明显,组间对比无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论在血管性痴呆患者临床治疗中,应用多奈哌齐联合尼麦角林,既可提高治疗效果、改善生化指标,又可提高认知功能,且不良反应均处理后,可有效缓解,安全性较高,值得临床推广应用。     

尼麦角林与奥拉西坦联合治疗血管性认知功能障碍临床疗效与安全性

目的：评价尼麦角林联合奥拉西坦治疗血管性认知功能障碍（ VCI ）的临床疗效及安全性。方法入选本科门诊及住院诊治的VCI患者122例，随机分为尼麦角林组38例，给予尼麦角林10 mg，tid；奥拉西坦组41例，给予奥拉西坦800 mg，tid；联合用药组43例，同时服用上述2种药物，剂量相同。3组患者共治疗3个月，比较治疗前后的认知功能评分（ MoCA）、生活能力评分（ ADL）及不良反应发生率。结果与治疗前比较，治疗3个月后，3组患者MoCA评分均显著升高（ P＜0.05），ADL评分均显著降低（ P＜0.05）；但联合用药组的上述指标变化更为显著，与其他2组比较差别有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。3组患者服药期间均无明显不良反应。结论奥拉西坦联合尼麦角林治疗血管性认知功能障碍疗效好于单一用药，且不增加药物不良反应。     

尼麦角林联合臭氧大自血灌注治疗患者脑梗死后认知功能障碍的效果

目的 研究脑梗死患者采用尼麦角林联合臭氧大自血灌注治疗的临床效果及对认知功能障碍的影响.方法 临床纳入88例我院2014年7月至2015年7月期间收治的脑梗死患者,将所有患者按床位单双号分为两组各44例.其中44例患者采用尼麦角林治疗作为对照组,另44例患者在上述基础上联合臭氧大自血灌注治疗作为观察组.观察两组患者治疗效果、认知功能情况以及日常生活能力.结果 观察组、对照组总有效率分别为88.64%、72.73%,观察组明显较高(P<0.05).治疗前两组患者MMSE、MoCA评分无统计学差异(P>0.05);治疗后观察组MMSE与MoCA评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05).治疗前及治疗后1周,两组患者ADL评分无统计学差异,(P>0.05);治疗后4周及8周,观察组ADL评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05).结论 尼麦角林联合臭氧大自血灌注治疗对脑梗死患者效果明显,有效改善患者认知功能,提高生活质量,值得临床应用推广.     

石杉碱甲治疗多梗死性痴呆20例

目的; 观察石杉碱甲治疗多梗死性痴呆(MID)的临床疗效.方法;20例MID患者均口服石杉碱甲150 μg,bid,连服6周为1个疗程.结果;治疗后患者认知功能MMSE评分(15.92±5.9)分,较治疗前(10.98±4.9)分显著提高(P＜0.05),认知功能改善的总有效率70.0%,其中显效率25.0%,有效率45.0%.结论;石杉碱甲对MID患者的认知功能障碍有一定的改善作用.     

尼麦角林治疗急性脑梗死40例

目的 :评价尼麦角林治疗急性脑梗死的疗效。方法 :将 80例急性脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组及对照组 ,治疗组先采用注射剂尼麦角林 8mg加入生理氯化钠溶液 2 5 0mL ,静脉滴注 ,qd ,10d为 1疗程。以后改为口服尼麦角林片 ,每次 10mg ,tid。对照组按常规治疗。 2组均观察 1个月以上。 结果 :治疗组治疗后神经功能缺损评分减少值显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 0 1) ,总有效率和治疗后日常生活活动量表评分亦显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 5～0 0 0 1)。结论 :尼麦角林能减轻急性脑梗死患者神经功能缺损 ,提高患者独立生活能力 ,有明显的脑保护作用。     

Nicergoline in senile dementia of alzheimer type and multi-infarct dementia: a double-blind,placebo-controlled,clinical and EEG/ERP mapping study

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study on the therapeutic efficacy and central effects of nicergoline, an ergot alkaloid with metabolic, antithrombotic and vasoactive action, 112 patients with mild to moderate dementia, diagnosed according to DSM IIIR criteria criteria (MMS 13-25), living in pensioners' homes, were included. Fifty-six were subdiagnosed as senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT), 56 as multi-infarct dementia (MID), based on computed tomography and Hachinski scores (49 SDAT, 7 MID). They received, after 2 weeks' run-in period (placebo), randomized for 8 weeks either 2 × 30 mg nicergoline (NIC) or 2 × 1 placebo (PLAC) orally. The four subgroups (SDAT/NIC, SDAT/PLAC, MID/NIC, MID/PLAC; 4 × 28 patients) were comparable in regard to age and sex. Only four, four, four and two patients of the respective groups did not finish the study for minor reasons. Confirmatory statistical analysis demonstrated in the target variable — the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) — a significant superiority of NIC over PLAC in both the SDAT and MID groups. Global improvement (CGI item 2) was seen in both nicergoline subgroups (3 and 3), while no changes occurred under placebo (4 and 4, respectively). The responder versus non-responder ratio was in the SDAT/NIC group 16/8, versus 8/16 in the SDAT/PLAC group (²=4.1,P=0.04); in the MID/NIC group 17/7, versus 7/19 in the MID/PLAC group (²=7.96,P<0.005). Furthermore, there was a significant improvement of the Mini-Mental State and the SCAG score in both the MID and SDAT group after 8 weeks of nicergoline, which was significantly superior to the minimal improvement or no change in placebo-treated SDAT and MID patients. EEG mapping demonstrated in NIC-treated SDAT and MID patients a significant decrease in delta and theta, increase in alpha 2 and beta activity and an acceleration of the centroid of the total power spectrum as compared with pretreatment, while opposite changes occurred in PLAC-treated SDAT and MID patients. The differences between PLAC and NIC reached the level of statistical significance. Event-related potential (ERP) recordings demonstrated a significantly shortened P300 latency under NIC treatment in both SDAT and MID patients, while there was a trend towards lengthening under PLAC. Thus, nicergoline improved vigilance and information processing at the neurophysiological level, which leads at the behavioural level to clinical improvement both in degenerative and vascular dementia.     

Effects of nicergoline on the retinal and cortical electrophysiological responses in glaucoma patients: a preliminary open study.

PURPOSE: The retinal dysfunction and the delayed visual cortex responses shown by patients affected by glaucoma can be objectively assessed by Pattern Electroretinogram (PERG) and Visual Evoked Potentials (VEP) recordings. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of nicergoline on the retinal function and on the visual cortical responses in glaucoma patients. METHODS: Sixty patients (mean age 44.6+/-3.7) with open angle glaucoma were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups: NG Group, where 30 patients were treated with nicergoline (Cebran((R)), 2 cps day) for 30 days; and CG Group, where 30 patients were not treated. Simultaneous recordings of PERG and VEP were performed in NG patients at the baseline, at 30 days after treatment with nicergoline (day 30), and at 45 days from the end of the treatment (day 75). PERG and VEP were recorded in CG patients at the baseline and after 30 and 75 days. The visual stimulus for recording PERGs and VEPs was a checkerboard whose elements subtended a visual arc of 60' and 15' with a 70% contrast, and alternated at a frequency of 2 Hz. RESULTS: At the baseline none of the electrophysiological parameters observed in NG Group patients differed (P>0.05) from those of CG Group patients. At days 30 and 75, in CG Group patients the values of the PERG and VEP parameters were unmodified (P>0.05) with respect to the baseline. In NG Group patients, the 30-day treatment period with nicergoline induced a significant (P<0.01) improvement of the PERG and VEP parameters. At day 75 all the electrophysiological parameters of NG Group did not differ significantly (P>0.05) from those at the baseline. CONCLUSION: Treatment with nicergoline induces an improvement of the retinal function and of the visual cortical responses in patients affected by glaucoma. This effect disappears within 45 days after the suspension of the treatment.     

丹红注射液联合尼麦角林胶囊治疗椎基底动脉供血不足性眩晕的疗效观察

目的 观察丹红注射液联合尼麦角林胶囊治疗椎基底动脉供血不足(VBI)性眩晕的疗效.方法 收集2001年3月至2012年5月空军总医院急诊VBI性眩晕患者120例,对其病历资料进行回顾性分析,根据治疗方案的不同分为治疗组和对照组,各60例.治疗组用丹红注射液联合尼麦角林胶囊治疗,对照组单用尼麦角林胶囊治疗,疗程10 d.结果 治疗组和对照组总有效率分别为98.3％ (59/60)和90.0％(54/60),组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗组药物起效时间在≤2 d和3～4d,者占比明显高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义[≤2 d:44.3％(26例)比5.0％(3例),3 ～4 d:38.3％(23例)比33.3％(20例),均P＜0.01].结论 丹红注射液联合尼麦角林胶囊治疗椎-基底动脉供血不足性眩晕,起效快,疗效明显,值得临床应用.     

Therapeutic use of nicergoline

The ergot alkaloid derivative nicergoline became clinically available about 35 years ago in the 1970s. Nicergoline has a broad spectrum of action: (i) as an alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist, it induces vasodilation and increases arterial blood flow; (ii) it enhances cholinergic and catecholaminergic neurotransmitter function; (iii) it inhibits platelet aggregation; (iv) it promotes metabolic activity, resulting in increased utilization of oxygen and glucose; and (v) it has neurotrophic and antioxidant properties. Acting on several basic pathophysiological mechanisms, nicergoline has therapeutic potential in a number of disorders. This article provides an overview of the published clinical evidence relating to the efficacy and safety of nicergoline (30 mg twice daily) in the treatment of dementia (including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia) and vascular and balance disorders. For dementia of different aetiologies, the therapeutic benefit of nicergoline has been established, with up to 89% of patients showing improvements in cognition and behaviour. After as little as 2 months of treatment, symptom improvement is apparent compared with placebo, and most patients are still improved or stable after 12 months. Concomitant neurophysiological changes in the brain indicate (after only 4-8 weeks' treatment) improved vigilance and information processing. In patients with balance disorders, mean improvements of 44-78% in symptom severity and quality of life have been observed with nicergoline. Although clinical experience with nicergoline in vascular disorders is limited to relatively short-term, small-scale studies, it has been successfully used in rehabilitation therapy of patients with chronic ischaemic stroke. Open-label evaluations suggest that nicergoline may also be valuable in glaucoma, depression and peripheral arterio-pathy. Adverse events of nicergoline, if any, are related to the central nervous system, the metabolic system and the overall body. Most are considered typical symptoms of ergot derivatives. Because of their generally mild and transient nature, treatment discontinuations occur relatively infrequently. The efficacy of nicergoline combined with a favourable safety and tolerability profile at commonly applied doses (60 mg/day) make this agent a valuable therapy in patients with mild to moderate dementia, vascular diseases and balance disorders.     

尼麦角林加丹参治疗急性脑梗死

目的 :研究尼麦角林加丹参治疗急性脑梗死的疗效和对脑血流量、脑功能的影响。方法 :脑梗死病人 10 0例随机分为治疗组 50例 ,以尼麦角林 2mg ,im ,bid ,丹参注射液 2 0mL +0 .9%氯化钠注射液 2 50mL ,iv ,drip ,qd。对照组 50例予以丹参注射液 2 0mL +0 .9%氯化钠注射液 2 50mL ,iv ,drip ,qd。 2组疗程均 15d。治疗前后检测脑血流量和脑功能。结果 :治疗组总有效率 84 % ;对照组 72 % ,P <0 .0 5;治疗组的脑血流量和脑功能均有显著性改变 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ,而对照组虽有改善但不明显。结论 :尼麦角林加丹参能有效治疗脑梗死和改善脑血流量、脑功能     

尼麦角林治疗血管性痴呆优于吡拉西坦

目的：比较尼麦角林与吡拉西坦对血管性痴呆的疗效。方法：８０例血管性痴呆病人随机分为２组。尼麦角林组４２例（男性２８例，女性１４例，年龄６８±ｓ７ａ），服用尼麦角林片１０ｍｇ，ｔｉｄ，治疗８ｗｋ。吡拉西坦组３８例（男性２６例，女性１２例，年龄６９±８ａ），服用吡拉西坦１．２ｇ，ｔｉｄ，治疗８ｗｋ。结果：尼麦角林组总有效率为７９％，吡拉西坦组为５５％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；记忆商数（ＭＱ）和长谷川痴呆量分（ＨＤＳ）尼麦角林组分别增值１２±１１分和７±６分，吡拉西坦组分别增值５±８分和４±４分，２组间比较Ｐ＜０．０５，未见不良反应。结论：尼麦角林治疗血管性痴呆的临床疗效显著优于吡拉西坦     

计算机认知矫正在精神分裂症中的效果评价

目的:分析计算机认知矫正改善精神分裂症患者认知功能的效果。方法:将78例精神分裂症患者随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组39例患者采用常规药物治疗,观察组39例患者在药物治疗基础上采纳计算机认知矫正治疗。两组均治疗8周,对比两组临床疗效、BACS评分、SDSS评分。结果:观察组临床总有效率(94.87%)明显高于对照组(71.79%),观察组治疗8周后SDSS评分明显低于对照组,BACS评分明显高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:计算机认知矫正对改善精神分裂症认知功能有效,且可减轻社会功能缺陷,值得推荐。     

Quantitative EEG examinations on the vigilance stabilizing effect of nicergoline / Results of a double blind study with gerontopsychiatric patients (author's transl)

A randomized, double blind, cross-over study was carried out on long-term gerontopsychiatric patients. The aim of the study was to compare the EEG effects of a four weeks' treatment with 10-methoxy-1,6-dimethyl-ergoline-8 beta-methanol-(5-bromonicotinate) (nicergoline, Sermion) with those of dihydroergotoxin-mesylate (DHETM) and a four weeks' placebo period. The results of the power spectrum analysis with a consecutive factor analysis of the spectral data show that nicergoline and DHETM have a vigilance stabilizing effect which is characterized by a decrease in the relative power of slow delta-theta frequencies and an increase in the alpha power. As opposed to DHETM, for which this effect could not be proved, nicergoline produces a significant increase in power of the fast alpha frequencies as well as of the beta 1, beta 2, and beta 3 band.