血管内皮生长因子重组DNA的构建及体外表达

目的:以质粒PCNDA3.0为载体,研究血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)目的基因在体外真核细胞中的表达.方法:将编码人可溶性VEGF165的目的基因克隆于带有CMV启动子/增强子的PCNDA3.0载体上,重组为PCNDA3.0-VEGF165质粒载体.直接以质粒DNA形式应用脂质体介导的方法转染人脐静脉内皮细胞ECV304,收取细胞上清,用ELISA和Western blot方法检测上清中VEGF165可溶性表达产物.结果:VEGF165基因在CMV启动子/增强子的调控下,可在ECV304细胞高效表达,且在转染后72 h表达量明显高于转染后48 h的表达.结论:以质粒PCNDA3.0为载体,VEGF165基因可以在体外真核细胞中表达,为治疗缺血性疾病提供一个新的基因治疗途径.     

腺病毒介导的生长抑制基因4对ECV304细胞体外生长及分泌血管内皮生长因子的影响

目的: 检测腺病毒介导的生长抑制基因4(adenovirus-mediated inhibitor of growth family member 4,Ad-ING4)感染后ECV304细胞体外生长及分泌血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)的影响,探讨ING4抑制肿瘤生长的可能机制。方法: 构建ING4腺病毒载体,用MTT法检测Ad-ING4感染后ECV304细胞体外生长影响,ELISA检测VEGF的分泌情况。结果: Ad-ING4感染后第3天和第4天ECV304细胞体外生长均受到抑制(P < 0.01),第4天时抑制率达63.6%,VEGF分泌受到抑制。结论: ING4能抑制ECV304细胞生长及VEGF分泌。Ad-ING4能抑制血管内皮细胞生长和血管的生成,从而可抑制体内肿瘤的生长。     

血管内皮生长因子基因对人骨髓基质细胞增殖及代谢的影响

目的 观察血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)基因对人骨髓基质细胞(hBMSc)增殖、代谢的影响.方法 实验分为3组:①VEGF165和eGFP基因转染hBMSc组;②空腺病毒载体转染hBMSc组;③单纯hBMSc组.培养细胞,进行MTT检测,流式细胞仪分析细胞周期.取各组生长状态良好的第3代细胞,转染后,进行ALP含量检测,骨钙蛋白和层粘连蛋白榆测.结果 各组细胞数量随培养时间的延长都有所增加,各时间点经VEGF165基因转染的hBMSc吸光度值无显著性差异(p>0.05).经转染基因的hBMSc与转染空载体、未转染的hBMSc相比较,DNA合成前期细胞所占百分比无显著性差异,反应增殖活力的增殖指数PrI(包括DNA合成期、DNA合成后期和有丝分裂期)也无显著性差异(P>0.05).经转染的hBMSc碱性磷酸酶、骨钙蛋白和层粘连蛋白合成与转染空载体、未转染的hBMSc相比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),证实经转染的hBMSc碱性磷酸酶、骨钙蛋白和层枯连蛋白合成明显高于其他两组.结论 本实验证实了构建的Ad-VEGF165感染哺乳动物细胞后具有分泌VEGF165的能力,并获得了转VEGF165基因hBMSc.转染VEGF165对hBMSc体外增殖明显影响,同时可以显著提高BMSc分泌ALP,骨钙素(OC)和层粘连蛋白(LN),说明VEGF165对hBMSc体外向成骨细胞分化起到了促进作用.     

阿魏酸钠对小鼠H22肝癌生长的抑制作用及其机制研究

目的 观察注射用阿魏酸钠对小鼠H22肝癌生长及血管生成抑制作用及其对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)Mrna转录的影响.方法 昆明小鼠前腋下皮下接种H22小鼠肝癌细胞,腹腔注射阿魏酸钠,每3 d测量1次肿瘤体积.用免疫组化法测定VEGF及增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)的表达.MTT法检测阿魏酸钠对H22肿瘤细胞及血管内皮细胞(ECV304)增殖的影响,RT-PCR法测定肿瘤组织的VEGF Mrna的转录.结果 阿魏酸钠组小鼠H22肿瘤体积、重量增长明显较对照组缓慢(P＜0.05),同时阿魏酸钠组的肿瘤微血管密度及VEGF、PCNA阳性细胞较对照组显著减少(P＜0.05).阿魏酸钠组VEGF Mrna转录比对照组显著减少(P＜0.05).体外实验,阿魏酸钠对ECV304及H22细胞的增殖均无显著抑制作用.结论 阿魏酸钠可以显著抑制小鼠H22肿瘤的生长及血管生成,且能抑制VEGF的表达,但不能抑制ECV304及H22细胞的增殖.阿魏酸钠对肿瘤组织VEGF表达的抑制作用可能是其抗H22肿瘤及抗血管生成的一个重要机制.     

蜂毒素体外抑制内皮细胞血管生成及其作用机制

目的:探讨蜂毒素对人脐静脉来源内皮细胞(ECV304)血管生成的抑制作用及其机制.方法:体外培养ECV304细胞,分别测定蜂毒素对其增殖、迁移及形成管状结构的影响.采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)的含量.应用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测ECV304细胞VEGF mRNA和bFGF mRNA的表达.结果:经蜂毒素作用后,ECV304细胞的增殖明显受到抑制,24,48,72 h的IC50分别为5.11,4.68,4.40 mg/L.蜂毒素低、中、高浓度组和沙利度胺(TLD)组ECV304细胞迁移数目(19.44±6.54),(11.17±2.85),(4.22±1.83)和(18.28±5.29)个,明显低于空白对照组(42.33±9.63 )个(P＜0.01).蜂毒素低、中、高浓度组及TLD组形成管状结构的面积分别为 (5947.22±973.72),(1558.33±281.06),(705.85±318.01)和(2928.92±735.67) μm2/视野,均低于空白对照组(7828.94±1202.54) μm2/视野(P＜0.01).经蜂毒素处理后,ECV304细胞分泌VEGF及bFGF的功能明显下降.荧光定量PCR证实,蜂毒素可降低ECV304细胞VEGF mRNA和bFGF mRN的表达.结论:体外实验结果表明,蜂毒素具有抑制ECV304细胞血管生成的作用,这种效应与血管内皮细胞VEGF和bFGF的活性降低及其合成受到抑制有关.     

血管内皮生长因子及其Flt-1受体在白血病细胞中的表达

目的探讨人白血病细胞系血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及其Fh-1受体的表达,进一步阐明VEGF在白血病细胞异常增殖中的作用机制.方法以人脐静脉血管内皮细胞系ECV304作为对照,采用RT-PCR半定量技术和免疫组化检测体外培养的人白血病细胞系K562和HL-60中VEGF及Flt-1的表达.采用MTT试验观察VEGF反义寡核苷酸(VEGF-AS)对白血病细胞体外增殖的影响.结果K562和HL-60细胞同时表达VEGF和Fh-1 mRNA和蛋白.VEGF-AS能够抑制白血病细胞体外增殖.结论在白血病细胞异常增殖中自分泌VEGF可能起着重要作用.     

VEGF基因在兔骨髓基质细胞中的表达及活性测定

目的探讨人血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)基因修饰的兔骨髓基质细胞对VEGF基因的表达及表达产物的生物学活性.方法制备真核表达质粒pAdCMV-VEGF165,以Superfect转染试剂介导VEGF基因转染兔骨髓基质细胞,收获转染后24h至6d的转染上清和细胞,采用RT-PCR技术、免疫组化SABC法检测转染细胞中外源性VEGF165基因的转录及表达,用血管内皮细胞增殖试验测定转染细胞培养上清中VEGF的生物活性.结果VEGF基因转染的兔骨髓基质细胞可有效转录VEGF165,其分泌于培养上清中的表达产物可促进血管内皮细胞增殖,具有很强的生物活性.结论VEGF基因转染的兔骨髓基质细胞可有效表达具有生物活性的VEGF.     

VEGF165反义RNA表达对人胃癌细胞恶性生物学行为的影响

目的利用本室构建的反义VEGF165（血管内皮生长因子,vascular endothelial growth factor）真核表达载体,研究VEGF反义RNA表达对人胃癌细胞生物学表型的影响. 方法用阳性脂质体介导的基因转染技术,将VEGF反义RNA重组体转入人胃癌细胞系,观察转染细胞的细胞周期、增殖能力及致瘤生长情况等生物学表现. 结果 VEGF反义RNA重组体转染胃癌细胞后,斑点杂交、间接免疫荧光等分析显示,反义RNA基因转染技术可使VEGF的表达明显减弱;与未转染的细胞相比,G2/M期细胞增加(0.39),而S期细胞减少(0.54);克隆形成率(2.2%)低于未转染细胞(4.0%);肿瘤细胞接种裸鼠后33 d时,VEGF反义RNA表达人胃癌细胞所致的移植瘤体积（345±136) mm3明显小于未转染细胞所致的移植瘤体积（1534±363) mm3. 结论 VEGF反义RNA可以通过抑制肿瘤组织血管生成而防治肿瘤的生长,另外VEGF的表达可能与细胞增殖能力有关.     

重组腺病毒介导血管内皮生长因子基因在骨髓间充质干细胞中的表达及其影响

目的观察重组腺病毒介导血管内皮生长因子基因(AdVEGF165)转染后大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)中血管内皮生长因子的表达情况以及腺病毒载体对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的生长影响情况。方法体外培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,用腺病毒载体转染BMSCs。采用ELISA法检测血管内皮生长子因子(VEGF)的表达和分泌。转染后用胰酶消化传代培养,MTT法绘制细胞生长曲线。结果AdVEGF165转染组上清液中VEGF蛋白表达量极显著高于空白对照组(P<0.01)。且AdVEGF165转染BMSCs后,生长曲线与正常培养细胞无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论重组腺病毒载体能够在BMSCs中介导VEGF的表达,且对BMSCs生长无影响。     

Celebrex对VEGF诱导的内皮细胞迁移的影响及其机制

目的:观察选择性环氧化酶-2(COX-2)抑制剂celebrex对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)诱导的内皮细胞细胞迁移能力的影响及其与细胞内MMP-9表达的关系。方法:体外培养内皮细胞系ECV304,将细胞分为4组:①空白对照组(ECV304);②VEGF组(ECV304+VEGF);③celebrex+VEGF组(ECV304+VEGF+cele-brex);④celebrex组(ECV304+celebrex)。观察:①用损伤修复实验观察不同浓度celebrex对ECV304细胞迁移能力影响及对VEGF诱导下ECV304细胞迁移速度影响;②用半定量RT-PCR法检测VEGF及celebrex对ECV304细胞MMP-9 mRNA表达的影响。结果:ECV304细胞的迁移速度随VEGF浓度(0.02,0.2,2μmol/L)的增加呈降低趋势;celebrex+VEGF组(2μmol/L celebrex+5μg/L VEGF)迁移速度为(3.55±0.02)μm/h与VEGF组(5μg/L VEGF)迁移速度(7.66±0.02)μm/h比较,两者有显著差异(P<0.01);celebrex+VEGF组(2μmol/L celebrex+5μg/L VEGF)的MMP-9表达量明显低于VEGF组(5μg/L VEGF)。结论:celebrex能抑制VEGF诱导的ECV304细胞迁移,并使COX-2下游的MMP-9表达量显著下调,这是可能的机制之一。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.