人工菌斑致谢牙釉质早期龋的研究

The authors used the cariogenic bacteria isolated from human dental plaque to produce an artificial plaque which can produce carious lesion in vitro. Lesions on human enamel slabs produced by artificial plaque and single bacterium were observed under polarized light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the characters of artificial carious lesions are very similar to natural enamel caries. It is very difficult to differentiate them under the microscopes. Compared with the lesions produced by single strain, the destructive fashion observed in lesions produced by artificial plaque is more similar to the changes produced by natural dental plaque.     

人工菌斑致牙釉质早期龋的研究

作者采用人工菌斑新技术模拟致龋性牙菌斑的细菌组成。研究在人工菌斑这个特定的微生态环境下发生的牙釉质龋样损害,探讨牙菌斑的致龋力。结果显示,在人工菌斑环境下,能模拟出相同于人口腔自然环境下的牙釉质早期龋样损害,而且二者在光镜下实难区分。表明人工菌斑技术是研究龋病发生、发展的有效方法,它将致龋菌—牙菌斑—早期龋三者有机联系起来,从而使所得结果更接近于龋病发生的真实情况。     

用连续培养变形链球菌的方法产生釉质初期龋的研究

用连续培养变形链球菌(简称“变链菌”)的技术在37个离体双尖牙上产生釉质脱矿。用扫描电子显微镜观察了“变链菌”在釉质表面附着和菌斑形成情况,用显微射线照像、透射光和编光显微镜观察到了牙磨片上初期釉质龋损。这个研究建立了一种产生釉质类龋损的方法,以便进行龋齿病因学和防龋研究。     

两种脱矿体系制备人工龋损的病理学比较

目的评价两种不同脱矿体系在人牙釉质与牛牙釉质形成人工龋样损害的情况,确定模拟早期龋实验研究的脱矿系统。方法两种脱矿体系：部分饱和酸缓冲溶液和酸性凝胶溶液,分别在人牙釉质与牛牙釉质制备人工早期釉质龋损,采用偏振光显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察实验人工龋的组织病理学变化。结果部分饱和的酸缓冲体系制备的人工龋损都具有完整的表层和表层下脱矿,牛牙釉质除了脱矿深度大于人牙釉质外,其它病理学特点都类似于人牙釉质,与早期自然龋损相似。而凝胶液脱矿体系形成的人工龋损不管是人牙还是牛牙都没有明显的表层结构,实验牙表面多出现被腐蚀或溶解。结论部分饱和的酸缓冲液脱矿系统形成的人工龋损病理学变化更接近于自然龋;与人牙具有相似化学组成的牛牙很适合代替人牙来检测脱矿和再矿化的效果。     

泛力克在口腔恒化器中抗菌斑作用的研究

为了研究泛力克抑菌，抗菌斑效果，应用口腔恒化器，对泛力克抑制口腔混合致龋菌的生长以及抗菌斑作用进行了扫描电镜观察和同位素检测。结果表明：泛力克有明显的抑菌和抗菌斑作用。同时也证实了应用口腔恒化器模拟人类口腔生态环境进行实验研究的可行性     

人牙与牛牙用于人工龋损实验的比较病理学观察

目的 比较牛牙与人牙两种不同釉质样品体外形成早期人工龋损的病理学特征,寻找更接近人牙龋损的实验标本,以便于龋病病因及防治的研究.方法 在体外人牙釉质与牛牙釉质上制备人工早期釉质龋损,采用体视显微镜、透射光显微镜、偏振光显微镜和扫描电镜观察人工龋的病理学变化.结果 经脱矿后,两种牙釉质样本实验开窗区表面完整,呈白垩色不透明状;在人牙釉质与牛牙釉质上制备的人工龋损都具有完整的表层和表层下脱矿,但牛牙釉质脱矿深度大于人牙釉质;牙釉质表面可清楚见到釉柱的中心溶解破坏,可见较清晰的、成束的晶体颗粒,牛牙与人牙略有不同,凹坑略大于人牙,晶体颗粒较人牙的稍粗.结论 体外脱矿系统在牛牙釉质制备的人工龋损病理学特点类似于人牙釉质,与早期自然龋损相似,故与人牙具有相似化学组成的牛牙很适合代替人牙用于龋病的研究.     

人工菌斑模型结构的组织学研究

Five cariogenic bacteria were used to produce a plaque, called artificial plaque, by sequential culture in vitro. The results showed that the artificial plaque is very similar to the natural one in morphology and structure. Artificial plaque may be taken as an excellent model in vitro for the studies on cariogenicity of dental plaque.     

人工菌斑模型结构的组织学研究

作者利用5种目前认为与龋病发生关系密切的细菌,采用微生物体外连续培养技术,在体外合成一种“菌斑”。经观察表明,此人工菌斑的形态、结构都相似于自然牙菌斑,可作为牙茵斑—牙釉质界面的体外模型系统,为研究牙菌斑的致龋性提供新的手段。     

应用口腔恒化器形成人工牙菌斑的扫描电镜研究

为了能够在体外模拟牙菌斑，利用４种与龋病关系密切的细菌，应用口腔恒化器合成了一种人工牙菌斑。结果表明，此人工牙菌斑的形态、结构与自然牙菌斑十分相似，可作为牙菌斑－牙釉质界面的体外模型系统，为研究牙菌斑的致龋性提供了一种新的方法     

菌斑细胞外液对牙釉质脱矿的影响

The aim of this study was to explore any substance in dental plaque which might affect the demineralization of enamel. Plaque fluid was prepared by centrifugation of pooled plaque from 56 young adults without periodontal diseases. Enamel was separated from healthy teeth of adolescents and crushed into powder. The enamel powder was treated separately by plaque fluid and synthetic plaque fluid (as a control, with similar calcium, fluoride content and pH as the natural). After this, the enamel powder was washed with PBS. Both the plaque fluid-treated and synthetic plaque fluid-treated enamel powder were demineralized by mixed organic acid (pH 4.5). The calcium content in both plaque fluids, PBS and organic acid after treatment with enamel powder was analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that there was no promoting effect in plaque fluid on demineralization of enamel, but, on the other hand, some protecting action was observed which might contribute to the presence of proteins in plaque fluid.     

菌斑细胞外液对牙釉质脱矿的影响

本文报道用人菌斑细胞外液(下称菌斑液)处理人牙釉质粉后,再在混合有机酸内脱矿,观察菌斑液对牙釉质脱矿的影响。实验结果表明,本实验所用的人牙菌斑液对牙釉质的脱矿无促进作用,在一定程度上它还可能具有保护牙釉质免于受酸侵蚀的效力。     

THE MAJOR MICROFLORA OF ENAMEL AND CEMENTAL CARIES

In a group of 32 dental plaque samples taken from both enamel and root surface cemental caries were studied to demonstrate the bacterial etiology of different type caries. The findings in this study indicate that the ma jor microflora of enamel caries is similar to that of cemental caries, and Streptococcus mutans is predominant species in microflora for two type caries, suggesting that this organism is associated not only with coronal enamel caries but also with root surface cemental caries. Actinomyces and lactobacillus are the secondary members in microflora of cemental caries.     

几种酸性胶液与蛋白解酶在人工龋形成的作用

Human tooth slabs were used to observe the effect of several kinds of organic acids and proteolytic enzymes on the production of artificial caries of enamel. Acidic gels were made by formic, acetic and lactic acids separately or in mixed form. The experiments were done in a period of 10 days. After this the specimens were prepared in ground sections and observed under optic microscope. The depth of the artificial lesions was measured by a micrometric scale in the eye lens of the microscope. The enzymes used for investigation were papain, trypsin and collagenase. The surfaces of the tooth were treated with fresh enzyme solutions every day and then with mixed acid gels. This was done alternately every day in a period of ten days. The results showed that lesions produced by formic acid gel were deeper than those produced by other acids or mixed acid gels. No effect was observed on the depth of the lesion by enzymatic treatments.     

牙齿釉质窝沟模型的建立及其人工龋的偏光显微镜观察

在离体牛牙的釉质上造成“I”字形窝沟,并用脱矿液进行人工龋实验。本文认为,这种窝沟模型在探讨龋齿发病机理和再矿化等问题时,优于人牙的自然窝沟,因后者在生活中多已有龋患发生,干扰实验结果;另外,用脱矿液制备的人工窝沟龋优于酸胶者,因前者易清洗干净,可排除H~+继续作用的干扰。     

心肌人为改变的实验研究

为判定和鉴别用染色方法所显示的心肌早期病变与制片过程中可能出现的死后人为改变,作者观察了心肌在各种实验性人为损伤条件下的形态改变。实验证明心肌是较易发生死后人为改变的组织,特别是取材时的人为损伤改变及染色性质,在某种程度上类似生前早期病变,故尤应引起重视。提出并讨论了各种人为改变的形态特征、多种染色方法的结果、判定和鉴别心肌人为改变与早期病变的方法。     

初情期前云南滇南小耳猪超数排卵和原核期胚胎体外发育的研究

目的对初情期前云南滇南小耳猪超数排卵和原核期胚胎体外发育进行研究．方法对8头初情期前云南滇南小耳猪注射1000IUPMSG和500IUhCG诱导超数排卵,以自然交配和人工授精技术、手术或离体冲卵技术回收原核期胚胎,并进行胚胎体外培养研究．结果超排的激素处理方法可成功诱导超生理数量的卵子发育和排卵及受精,最多可得到31枚受精卵．受精卵的囊胚率可达到87．5％．经过比较研究,人工授精可能优于自然交配的授精方式;雌激素可作为初情期前小母猪的超排成败的重要标志．但是,手术法冲卵的技术较离体冲卵的还很低．结论初情期云南滇南小耳猪可用于体内胚胎生产,其原核期胚胎体外发育具有比较高的的发育潜能．     

Nd：YAG激光和氟涂料在人工口腔中防牙釉质脱矿的形态学观察

【目的】观察Nd：YAG激光与氟涂料处理后牙釉质脱矿的形态学改变。【方法】用偏光显微镜和扫描电镜观察在人工口腔模型中7 d的经Nd：YAG激光照射、氟涂料涂布和未经任何处理的牙釉质的形态学改变。【结果】扫描显微镜观察,涂氟组釉质表面再矿化沉积物最多、光照组其次,对照组最少。偏光显微镜观察,涂氟组再矿化层最厚,而光照组脱矿区最薄,对照组脱矿层最厚。【结论】Nd：YAG激光可阻止酸性代谢产物对釉质的入侵,氟涂料可促进釉质的再矿化。     

牙本质生物人工龋的实验研究

目的:探讨生物人工牙本质龋模型建立的方法。方法:采用混合致龋菌、人工菌斑并用的方式,在模拟口腔获得性膜的基础上建立牙本质龋损标本,标本培养至45d和108d时进行偏光显微镜、落射光显微镜观察,并采用显微放射成像测量牙本质总脱矿量及脱矿深度。结果:该条件下模拟出的龋样损害在光镜下难以与真实龋相区别。结论:运用适宜菌种和实验方法可以在离体条件下建立牙本质人工龋模型。     

人工栽培铁皮石斛与其他来源铁皮石斛中氨基酸与多糖及微量元素的比较分析

目的：比较不同来源铁皮石斛材料的化学品质,研究人工栽培铁皮石斛替代铁皮石斛野生资源的可行性。方法：通过定量测定,比较人工栽培铁皮石斛与铁皮石斛组织培养物、铁皮枫斗、铁皮石斛胶囊中总多糖、氨基酸和微量元素等主要药用成分的差异。结果：多糖含量的比较表明,人工栽培铁皮石斛总多糖含量与铁皮枫斗相近,分别为25.31%和29.38%,铁皮石斛组织培养物中最低,仅7.51%,铁皮石斛胶囊最高,可达40.73%。总氨基酸含量的比较表明,人工栽培铁皮石斛总氨基酸含量达5.74%,高于铁皮枫斗（4.5%）和铁皮石斛胶囊（3.91%）,低于铁皮石斛组织培养物（15.35%）。微量元素含量的比较表明,人工栽培铁皮石斛中10种微量元素含量与铁皮枫斗大致相近,铁皮石斛组织培养物中除Cu之外的其他9种微量元素高于其他石斛材料,而铁皮石斛胶囊中微量元素含量相对较低。结论：人工栽培铁皮石斛主要药用成分的质量与野生材料相近,可作为野生铁皮石斛的替代资源加以开发,也为铁皮石斛资源的保护和可持续利用打下了坚实的基础。     

早期釉质龋的细菌侵入途径

在普通光学显微镜下,观察了细菌在早期釉质龋时的侵入途径,结果表明,细菌在早期釉质龋时便有侵入,途径是牙齿首先在菌斑作用下,使袖质表面遭到破坏,随之,细菌经过多糖含量较高的釉质表面进至釉柱、柱间质及釉板内,然后细菌沿着釉柱、柱间质向釉质深层扩散。