Decreased Expression of FADS1 Predicts a Poor Prognosis in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

FADS1 (fatty acid desaturase 1) plays a crucial role in fatty acid metabolism, and it was recently reportedto be involved in tumorigenesis. However, the role of FADS1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) remains unknown. In the current study, we investigated the expression and clinical pathologic andprognostic significance of FADS1 in ESCC. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that 58.2% (146/251) ofthe ESCC tissues had low levels of FADS1 expression, whereas 41.8% (105/251) exhibited high levels of FADS1expression. In positive cases, FADS1 expression was detected in the cytoplasm of cells. Correlation analysesdemonstrated that FADS1 expression was significantly correlated with tumor location (p=0.025) but not withage, gender, histological grade, tumor status, nodal status or TNM staging. Furthermore, patients with tumorsexpressing high levels of FADS1had a longer disease-free survival time (p<0.001) and overall survival time (p<0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that, along with nodal status, FADS1 expression was anindependent and significant predictive factor (p<0.001). In conclusion, our study suggested that FADS1 mightbe a valuable biomarker and potential therapeutic target for ESCC.     

Stathmin! An immunohistochemical analysis of the novel marker in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Leukoplakia.

Background: Stathmin is an intracellular phosphoprotein that controls the microtubule dynamics by further regulating proper attachment and alignment of chromosomes in a dividing cell. Thus, any mutation or aberrantly expressed protein that reduces the fidelity of spindle assembly will enhance chromosomal instability contributing to aneuploidy. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma is an extensively studied malignancy that occurs due to accumulated genetic changes due to carcinogens. The current study is done to evaluate the stathmin role and its expression in OSCC and Oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the role of stathmin in OSCC and Oral dysplasia and also to correlate the expression of Stathmin with respect to the different histopathological grades of OED and OSCC. Materials and Methods: 30 neutral buffered formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues of Oral Leukoplakia/OED and 30 FFPE tissues of OSCC were subjected to immunohistochemistry with stathmin antibody. Five fields of each case with 300 cells were examined and a mean percentage of positive–stained slides were determined. The percentages were recorded accordingly with their respective histological grades. The results were analysed statistically. Results: The results of the present study demonstrated higher mean values of stathmin in tissues with OSCC (2.50) compared to leukoplakia (2.11) and normal tissues (0.00) with a high level of statistical significance (0.0001). There is also an increase in the percentage levels of stathmin with increase in the histological grade of differentiation in OSCC as well as leukoplakia. Conclusion: The present study found a statistical correlation between increased grades of the disease with expression levels of stathmin. This confirms that stathmin expression can contribute to disease progression and that stathmin might have a potential role as an early diagnostic biomarker and can be a therapeutic target for OSCC.     

Overexpressed Ostepontin-c as a Potential Biomarker for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background: The metastasis gene osteopontin (OPN) is subject to alternative splicing, which yields threemessages, osteopontin-a, osteopontin-b and osteopontin-c. Osteopontin-c is selectively expressed in invasive, butnot in noninvasive tumors. In the present study, we examined the expression of OPN-c in esophageal squamouscell carcinomas (ESCCs) and assessed its value as a diagnostic biomarker. Methods: OPN-c expression wasassessed by immunohistochemistry in 63 ESCC samples and correlated with clinicopathologic factors. Expressionwas also examined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 120 ESCC patients and 30 healthysubjects. The role of OPN-c mRNA as a tumor marker was investigated by receiver operating characteristiccurve (ROC) analysis. Results: Immunohistochemistry showed that OPN-c was expressed in 30 of 63 cancerlesions (48%)and significantly associated with pathological T stage (P=0.038) and overall stage (P=0.023). Realtime PCR showed that OPN-c mRNA was expressed at higher levels in the PBMCs of ESCC patients than inthose of healthy subjects (P<0.0001) with a sensitivity as an ESCC biomarker of 86.7%. Conclusion: Our findingssuggest that expression of OPN-c is significantly elevated in ESCCs and this upregulation could be a potentialdiagnostic marker.     

食管癌中FHIT PTEN基因蛋白表达与预后相关性分析

目的:探讨食管小细胞癌与鳞状细胞癌中 FHIT、PIEN基因蛋白表达及其生物学特性对预后的影响.方法:选取食管小细胞癌60例,鳞状细胞癌100例进行FHIT、PTEN基因蛋白的检测和临床资料综合分析.结果:FHIT、PTEN基因蛋白在小细胞癌与鳞状细胞癌中阳性表达比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01),且有相关性.在小细胞癌中,FHIT、PIEN阳性表达与淋巴结转移、瘤栓及预后有相关性.FHIT、PTEN基因蛋白在食管癌中的表达,小细胞癌属于低表达型,其生物学行为呈现出高恶性度,5年生存率低;鳞状细胞癌则属高表达型,其生物学行为所表现的恶性度远不如小细胞癌高,5年生存率明显提高.结论:两种基因在食管癌中表达的高低,与组织学类型、分化程度及预后相关,可作为临床治疗和判断预后的依据.     

手术治疗原发性食管腺癌的预后分析及与同期食管鳞癌对比

目的 :了解原发性食管腺癌的手术治疗情况及影响患者预后的重要因素,探讨其与同期手术治疗的食管鳞癌的类同和差异。 方法 :对42例食管腺癌患者的外科治疗结果进行回顾性研究,并与同期1938例外科治疗的食管鳞癌进行对比分析;利用SPSS软件对可能影响原发食管腺癌及鳞癌预后的多个因素进行分析,找出影响预后的因素。 结果 :食管腺癌患者的男女比为4.3:1,发病中位年龄61岁,平均病程4个月,肿瘤平均长度5cm;手术切除率及手术并发症发生率分别为88.1%和7.1%,术后1、3、5年生存率分别为69.0%、35.7%、16.7%。 结论 :原发性食管腺癌与食管鳞癌在一般临床特征上相似,腺癌淋巴结转移率高。食管腺癌患者预后取决于肿瘤病理分期、侵犯深度及有无淋巴结转移,早期发现、早期诊断、早期规范根治性手术及综合治疗是改善预后的主要手段。     

微管不稳定蛋白Stathmin在食管鳞癌组织中的表达及意义

目的 探讨Stathmin蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中的表达及意义.方法 收集新乡医学院2006年4月至9月期间食管鳞癌切除标本及其相应癌旁组织31例,以免疫组织化学法检测Stathmin蛋白在所取标本中的表达情况.结果 在31例食管鳞癌标本中,Stathmin蛋白表达阳性的标本为23例,阳性率为74.2%,阳性颗粒可见于细胞质;分别按年龄、性别、组织类型、分化程度、淋巴结转移、肿瘤浸润深度及TNM分期将31例食管癌标本分组,Stathmin蛋白表达差异有统计学意义的因素有分化程度、淋巴结转移、肿瘤浸润深度及TNM分期(P＜0.05).结论 食管鳞癌组织中Stathmin蛋白高表达,其表达与食管鳞癌的分化程度、淋巴结转移、肿瘤浸润深度及TNM分期显著相关,Stathmin蛋白可能为人食管癌的生物治疗提供一个新靶点.     

空肠间置代食管术在食管癌贲门癌外科治疗中的临床应用

目的探讨空肠间置代食管术在食管癌贲门癌外科治疗中的临床应用价值。方法采用空肠间置代食管术治疗38例食管癌贲门癌患者。结果 38例手术均成功,术后并发症少,无手术死亡者,术后恢复良好。结论空肠间置代食管重建消化道术式,对食管癌贲门癌的疗效确切,并发症少,术后患者生活质量好,值得推广应用。     

食管上段癌临床误诊分析

我院自1979年2月到1990年2月经内镜、病理或手术证实食管癌633例,其中上段癌174例(27.5％)。笔者着重分析其易被临床误诊的相关性,本组174例上段癌中,先前误诊为诸种疾病者71.2％(124/174例),其主要原因是偏信所获某些症状、体征或结果。并认为应结合临床综合判断,及时予以内镜或X线检查,方有助于上段癌的早期发现。     

线粒体肌酸激酶同工酶在肺癌和食管癌组织中的表达

应用自制的兔抗人心肌线粒体肌酸激酶同工酶（ＣＫ－ｍｉｍｉ）抗血清，采用ＡＢＣ法对１０６例肺癌、５２例食管癌存档蜡块进行了免疫组化定位检测。结果显示：肺癌ＣＫ－ｍｉｍｉ的检出率为１００．０％，阳性染色的肺癌细胞浆内可见清晰的棕色颗粒，以鳞癌细胞最明显，５２例食管癌也全部为阳性表达。ＣＫ－ｍｉｍｉ的染色强度随着肿瘤细胞分化程度的升高而减低，鳞癌的阳性染色最明显，腺癌中阳性颗粒细小，分布均匀。Ⅲ级食管鳞癌中ＣＫ－ｍｉｍｉ的表达低于Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级食管鳞癌，有显著性差异（χ２＝５．１０，Ｐ＜０．０５和χ２＝７．１９，Ｐ＜０．０１）。表明细胞内ＣＫ－ｍｉｍｉ的阳性表达强度和阳性颗粒分布与细胞的分化程度和病理分型有关，它可作为一项肿瘤标志物用于诊断恶性肿瘤，对肺癌、食管癌的防治研究具有一定的临床意义。     

DEP Domain Containing 1 is a Novel Diagnostic Marker and Prognostic Predictor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background: This study was conducted to determine DEPDC1 expression in hepatocelluar carcinomas (HCCs)and to reveal its potential role in diagnosis and prognosis of affected patients. Materials and Methods: DEPDC1expression at the mRNA level was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in 205 cases of HCC andpaired adjacent normal liver tissues, and by semi-quantitative RT-PCR in 20 cases. Survival curves were obtainedby using Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test. Independent predictors associated with regard to diseasefree survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were identified using the Cox proportional hazard model. Results:High DEPDC1 mRNA levels were detected in 144 out of 205 cases (70.24%) of HCC, significantly associatedwith clinicopathological parameters, including tumor size (≥4cm), alpha-fetoprotein (≥100ng/ml), B-C of BCLCstage and recurrence. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that HCC patients with high DEPDC1 expressionhad poor OS and DFS. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high DEPDC1 expression was an independentpredictor for OS (HR=1.651; 95% 95%CI, 1.041- 2.617; p=0.033) and DFS (HR=1.583; 95%CI, 1.01- 2.483;p=0.045). Conclusions: Our results indicate DEPDC1 might be a novel diagnostic marker and an independentprognostic predictor for HCC patients.     

食管癌放疗前后的食管轴向表现与预后的关系

为了探讨食管癌不同的食管轴向表现与放疗预后的关系，作者对１９９０年４月至１９９２年１２月期间外照射５０Ｇｙ的７１例食管癌的Χ线片形态和随访结果进行分析，结果发现，放疗前的食管轴向有以下表现，即扭曲、弧形弯曲、不规则弯曲和正常轴向４种形态，其中扭曲型的病例预后最差，其次是不规则弯曲型的病例。而放疗后食管轴向能恢复到正常的病例，在局部控制和生存情况方面均优于食管轴向不能恢复到正常的病例。提示了放疗后食管轴向表现与预后有一定关系。     

食管癌增殖细胞核抗原的免疫组织化学观察

用增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）免疫组织化学方法对65例食管瘤进行了观察，结果发现：食管瘤的PCNA表达与分化程度（P＜0．01）、浸润深度（P＜0．05）和淋巴结转移（P＜0.01）关系密切．PCNA阳性细胞的平均计数为：分化Ⅰ级254±3．2，分化Ⅱ级40．3±4．5，分化Ⅲ级684±6．2；淋巴结阳性组52．6±6．4．阴性组29．4±3．3,提示：PCNA的表达对食管癌的组织学分级及估价预后是一项有效的指标。     

放疗,放化疗结合治疗中晚期食管癌

为了观察在放疗的同期追加化疗能否提高对中晚期食管癌的疗效,将１５６ 例中晚期食管癌随机分成Ａ、Ｂ２ 组,每组７８ 例。Ａ组：每周放疗６ 次,每次２ Ｇｙ;Ｂ组：放疗方式同Ａ 组,另于周末（ 放疗休息日）化疗,ＰＤＤ２０ ｍｇ 、５Ｆｕ ０．５ ｇ／ｍ ２ ,静脉滴注共５ 次。各组照射总肿瘤量为６４ ～７０ Ｇｙ 。随访结果：１、２、３ ａ 生存率,Ａ组分别为６９ ．２ ％（５４／７８） 、２３．１ ％ （１８／７８）和１２ ．８ ％ （１０／７８） ;Ｂ 组分别为７９ ．５％ （６２／７８）、４８ ．７％ （３８／７８）和２０．５ ％（１６／７８）。Ｂ 组２ ａ 生存率明显高于Ａ 组（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）,１、３ ａ 生存率２ 组无显著性差异（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）。结果显示,采用每周６ 次、每次２ Ｇｙ 放疗＋ 周末化疗方式治疗中晚期食管癌,近期疗效优于单纯放疗组,无明显毒副作用。     

Involvement of MicroRNA-198 Overexpression in the Poor Prognosis of Esophageal Cancer

Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether the miR-198 expression level is related to clinicopathologicalfactors and prognosis of esophageal cancer. Methods: MicroRNA was extracted from esophageal cancer patientswho underwent surgery for assessment using the Taqman@ MicroRNA assay. The correlation between miR-198expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed, and the significance of miR-198 as a prognostic factorand its relationship with survival was determined. Results: MicroRNA-198 (miR-198) expression was higher inpatients with poor prognosis than those with good prognosis (P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis results showedthat the miR-198 expression level had a significant correlation with survival time (P = 0.030) and that patientswith a higher expression of miR-198 had a shorter survival time. Cox multi-factor model analysis showed thatpatient prognosis (P = 0.014), tumor length (P = 0.040) and expression (P = 0.012), and survival time had asignificant correlation; the corresponding risks were 7.268, 1.246, and 3.524, respectively. Conclusion: miR-198 overexpression is involved in the poor prognosis of esophageal cancer and can be used as a biomarker forselection of cases requiring especial attention.     

Serum Peroxiredoxin3 is a Useful Biomarker for Early Diagnosis and Assessemnt of Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chinese Patients

Background: Recently, peroxiredoxin3 (PRDX3) was identified as a novel molecular marker for the progressionof hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its potential clinical application as a serum marker for the earlydiagnosis and prognosis of HCC has not been investigated. Methods: PRDX3, alpha-fetaprotein (AFP), and otherbiochemical parameters were measured in serum samples from 297 Chinese patients, including 96 with HCC,98 with liver cirrhosis (LC), and 103 healthy controls (HCs). Correlations between serum PRDX3 expressionand clinicopathological variables and the relationship between serum PRDX3 expression and prognosis wereanalyzed. Results: Serum PRDX3 was significantly higher in HCC patients than in the LC and HC groups.The sensitivity and specificity of serum PRDX3 for the diagnosis of HCC were 85.9% and 75.3%, respectively,at a cutoff of 153.26 ng/mL, and the area under the curve was 0.865. Moreover, serum PRDX3 expression wasstrongly associated with AFP level, tumor diameter, TNM stage, and portal vein invasion. Kaplan-Meier curveanalysis revealed that HCC patients with high serum PRDX3 expression had a shorter median survival timethan those with low PRDX3 expression. Moreover, serum PRDX3 expression was an independent risk factorfor overall survival. The inverse correlation between serum PRDX3 and patient survival remained significantin patients with early-stage HCC and in those with normal serum AFP levels. Conclusions: Serum PRDX3 canbe used as a noninvasive biomarker for the diagnosis and/or prognosis of HCC.     

经食管床胃食管机械吻合在食管中下段癌手术中的应用

目的比较胃经主动脉弓前、后弓上食管胃吻合2种路径的优劣。方法将140例食管中下段癌患者按就诊顺序分别编入实验组和对照组,每组各70例。实验组(弓后组)胃经食管床从主动脉弓后提至主动脉弓上行食管胃端侧吻合;对照组(弓前组)胃经主动脉弓前提至主动脉弓上行食管胃端侧吻合。结果实验组和对照组术后肺部感染发生率(1.4%和10%)进食后饱胀胸闷发生率(4.2%和14.4%)及胸腔引流液总量>700ml(2.8%和12.8%)比较,均有显著性差异(P均<0.05),实验组优于对照组。结论经食管床主动脉弓上食管胃端侧吻合是1种并发症少、临床效果较好的手术方法。     

食管癌放疗后食管狭窄的相关因素分析

目的：研究食管癌放疗后食管狭窄形成的影响因素。方法：62例原发性食管癌患者在2005年10月至2008年6 月间接受了放疗或放化疗联合治疗。治疗后定期随访患者的食管钡餐造影,评价食管狭窄情况,计算狭窄率,观察食管狭窄峰值出现的时间。并对患者年龄、肿瘤的位置、T 分期、肿瘤侵犯食管全周的比例（周在性）、纵轴长度、放疗剂量、化疗参与等因素与放疗后发生食管狭窄进行相关性分析。结果：在16个月的中位随访时间内,共有27例（43.5%）患者出现了中度以上（狭窄率>50%）的食管狭窄。食管狭窄出现的高峰时间在放疗后5～8 个月之间。单因素分析提示T 分期、肿瘤侵犯管壁的周在性及无化疗参与为狭窄发生的相关因素（P 值分别为0.017 7、<0.000 1 和0.003 4）。 多因素分析的结论是周在性与无化疗参与对放疗后食管狭窄有显著影响意义（P 值分别为<0.001 和0.001 1）。 结论：在放疗剂量为60Gy左右的前提下,肿瘤在管腔内的周在性与放疗后狭窄的形成呈正相关,化疗的参与可能会降低食管狭窄的形成,放疗剂量与狭窄形成的关系在本研究中未得到确切证实。     

食管癌超分割放疗剂量的临床研究

为探索食管癌超分割放疗适宜的剂量，１９８７年３～９月我们对８０例中段食管鳞癌患者随机分为３组进行对照研究：Ａ组总量为６０～７０Ｇｙ／６～７周，每天１次２Ｇｙ，每周５次；Ｂ组总量为５１Ｇｙ／２３天，每天２次，每；１．５Ｇｙ；Ｃ组总量为５０Ｇｙ／２３天，每天３次，每次１Ｇｙ。所有病人随诊超过５年，５年生存率Ａ、Ｂ、ＣＭ组分别为１１．１％、３７％和２３．１％。Ｂ组与Ａ组比较Ｐ＜０．０５。结果表明，总量为５１Ｇｙ的每天２次超分割放疗，具有疗程短、经济负担轻、生存率高等优点，治疗食管癌是可行的。     

吻合器在食管癌和贲门癌切除术的应用

报告我院自1982年2月至1987年底应用吻合器治疗食管癌和贲门癌207例的临床经验.其中食管癌171例,贲门癌34例,食管双原位癌2例;弓下吻合58例,弓上吻合122例,胸膜顶吻合27例.并发症发生率为16.4%,吻合口瘘发生率为2.4%,吻合口狭窄发生率为5.8%,手术死亡率为2.4%.本文还讨论了吻合口瘘和狭窄的发生原因和提高吻合技术的重要性.     

食管癌放疗患者淋巴细胞最低值与疗效和预后的关系

目的 评价食管癌在放疗期间淋巴细胞抑制与近期疗效及预后的关系。方法 回顾性分析2011年1月至2012年12月在徐州中心医院接受根治性放疗的112例食管癌患者,记录从放疗开始至放疗结束1年期间内淋巴细胞计数。卡方检验分析临床病理资料及近期疗效与放疗期间淋巴细胞最低值的关系。采用单因素及多因素Cox回归模型分析淋巴细胞最低值与预后的关系。结果 全组患者放疗前淋巴细胞计数为（1.78±0.76）个/毫米3,放疗过程中淋巴细胞计数最低值为（0.45±0.22）个/毫米3,放疗结束1年淋巴细胞计数为（1.15±0.39）个/毫米3。食管癌病变长度、病变最大宽度及是否行同期化疗是影响放疗间淋巴细胞降低的因素（P<0.05）。放疗期间淋巴细胞最低值≥0.5个/毫米3组与＜0.5个/毫米3组近期有效率分别为92%与70%（χ²=7.66, P=0.007）。生存分析显示淋巴细胞最低值＜0.5个/毫米3组生存低于≥0.5个/毫米3组（χ²=4.489, P=0.034）,两组1年及2年生存率分别为51.6%、37.4%及81.3%、54.0%。单因素及多因素Cox回归分析均显示,TNM分期、病变长度及淋巴细胞最低值是影响生存的独立因素。