Experimental Study of Endostar Injection Concomitant with Cryoablation on Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Xenografts

Objective: To explore the inhibiting effect and mechanism of Endostar injection concomitant with cryoablationon lung adenocarcinoma A549 xenografts in nude mice. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 nude mice withsubcutaneous xenografts of the A549 cell line were established and divided into 4 groups when the maximaldiameters of tumors became 1 cm: control group, Endostar group, cryoablation group and combination group(Endostar concomitant with cryoablation). The nude mice were sacrificed after 21-days treatment, tumourtissues were removed to measure their volume, in situ test of TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)was adopted to determine the cellular apoptosis around freezing injury zones, and immunohistochemical SPtest was applied for the detection of micro-vessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)expression levels. Results: At 21-days after treatment, the growth velocities of control group, Endostar group,cryoablation group and combination group were 236.7±51.2%, 220.0±30.6%, 159.5±29.3% and 103.3±25.5%(P<0.01), while cellular apoptosis rates of tumors were 21.7±2.34%, (22.17±1.47)%, 38.3±1.37% and 49.2±1.72%,(P<0.01), respectively, according to the immunohistochemical test. MVD and VEGF expression levels in thecombination group were both lower than in other groups (P<0.01), also being positively related (r=0.925, P<0.01).Conclusions: Endostar can significantly improve the inhibitory effects of cryoablation on xenografts of lungadenocarcinoma A549, and the mechanism is probably associated with its function as an inhibitor of tumourneo-angiogenesis through down-regulating VEGF expression.     

SKI-Ⅱ联合顺铂对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤抑制作用及其机制探讨

目的：研究鞘氨醇激酶-1（sphingosine kinase-1,SphKl）在胃癌裸鼠移植瘤血管生成中的作用及其作用机制。方法：建立人胃癌SGC7901裸鼠移植瘤模型后,将荷瘤小鼠随机分为4组,分别予以腹腔注射生理盐水、SKI-Ⅱ、顺铂和SKI-Ⅱ联合顺铂干预治疗,1次／周,共3周。每隔3d测1次肿瘤大小,绘制肿瘤生长曲线,计算抑瘤率;蛋白质印迹法法检测瘤体中SphKl和VEGF的表达;免疫组化方法检测瘤体SphKl、VEGF和CD34的表达情况及计算瘤体内瘤体微血管密度（mierovessel densitv,MVD）。结果：与生理盐水组相比,3组治疗组均有抑制肿瘤生长作用,SKI-Ⅱ组和顺铂组抑瘤率分别为（48．694-1．39）％和（75．24±1．19）％;其中以SKI-1I联合顺铂组抑瘤作用最为明显,抑瘤率达（90．25±1．53）％,各组抑瘤率之间差异有统计学意义,F=1865,P〈0．001。免疫组化结果示,SKI- Ⅱ和SKI—Ⅱ联合顺铂组SphKl蛋白表达分别为（45．62±7．54）％和（20．50±5．96）％,VEGF蛋白表达分别为（45．38±7．82）％和（22．25±4．74）％,瘤体内的MVD为15．12±1．55和9．384-1．92,与对照组差异有统计学意义,P〈0．001。单用顺铂对SphKl表达（82．50±5．95）％）、VEGF的表达（83．25±4．40）％及瘤体内MVD（24．50±5．42）的影响差异无统计学意义,P〉0．05。Pearson相关分析显示,瘤体组织SphKl与VEGF的表达呈正相关,r=0．968,P〈0．001;瘤体组织MVD计数与VEGF表达呈正相关,r=0．862,P〈O．001。蛋白质印迹法检测结果示,SKI-Ⅱ及SKl-Ⅱ联合顺铂组可显著下调SphKl和VEGF的表达,P〈0．001,单用顺铂对SphKl和VEGF的表达差异无统计学意义,P值分别为0．083和0．165。结论：下调SphKl的表达后,可减少VEGF合成与分泌,并抑制肿瘤血管生成,可能是抑制裸鼠胃癌移植瘤生长的途径之一。     

Expressions of MVD, VEGF, Ki67 in Residual Prostate Cancer after Cryoablation

OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of cryoablation on the mice bearing Rm-1 prostate cancer through detecting tumor angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation in the mice after cryoablation, and to explore the effects of cryoablation on vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF), Ki67 protein expression and microvessel density (MVD) in the mice bearing prostate cancer.METHODS Sixty Rm-1 mouse models of prostate cancer were established. Experimental mice were randomized into 2 groups:the cryoablation group (n=30) and the control group (n=30).After the therapy, tumor tissues of the mice in group A and B were obtained at day 0 (without cryoablation), 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th day, respectively, after cryoablation, and the expressions of MVD,VEGF and Ki67 proteins were detected at the same time points.RESULTS The expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins in group A were decreased. The lowest values of the factors were detected on the 3rd day after cryoablation, and increased slowly after that. The expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins in the control group were not changed. Significant changes of the expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins in the group A were found at different time points. Correlation analysis suggested a positive correlation between the expressions of VEGF and MVD proteins (r=0.8793), a positive correlation between the expressions of Ki67 and MVD proteins (r=0.7614), and a positive correlation between the expressions of VEGF and ki67 proteins (r=0.6921).CONCLUSION After argon-helium cryoablation treatment for the mice bearing prostate cancer, the expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins in local tumor were reduced on the 1st day. The lowest values of the factors were detected on the 3rd day after cryoablation, and then increased after that. Cryoablation combined with other modalities of treatment may effectively improve the treatment effects of cryoablation for prostate cancer.     

人肝癌组织中iNOS、VEGF的表达及微血管密度的病理意义

背景与目的:诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase,iNOS)和血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)被认为是诱导和调节肿瘤血管生成,进而影响肿瘤病理进展和预后的重要相关因子。本研究检测人肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)及相应癌旁组织中iNOS、VEGF的表达,探讨其与血管生成的关系,为临床诊治HCC及判断其预后提供理论依据。方法:应用组织芯片技术,采用原位杂交和免疫组化法分析147例HCC组织及癌旁组织中iNOS、VEGF的表达,并用CD34标记免疫组化法检测微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD)。结果:iNOS、VEGF在癌旁组织中的阳性率分别为33.33%和40.82%,而在癌组织中的阳性率分别为86.39%和78.91%,癌组织与癌旁组织比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。癌组织的MVD值为56.5±12.8,癌旁组织的MVD值为8.4±3.6,两者差异有显著性(P<0.01)。iNOS的表达与肿瘤大小、乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)相关(P<0.05),而与转移和肿瘤分化程度无关(P>0.05)。VEGF的表达及MVD值与肿瘤大小、转移相关(P<0.05),而与HBsAg和肿瘤分化程度无关(P>0.05)。在癌组织中MVD与VEGF、iNOS的表达呈正相关,VEGF和iNOS之间亦存在正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论:HCC中iNOS及VEGF的表达与肿瘤血管生成有关。癌组     

反义VEGF硫代寡脱氧核苷酸抑制裸鼠人肝癌移植瘤生长的研究

目的 :检测硫代修饰的反义脱氧寡核苷酸 (ASPODN)抑制人肝癌血管形成和生长的作用 ,以探讨ASPODN的临床应用前景。方法 :传代培养的肝癌细胞系HepG2 ,接种于裸鼠颈背部皮下 ,自 4 8h始局部注射ASPODN和等量的PBS ,彩色多普勒能量图 (CDE)检测移植瘤内新生血管的数目和分布 ;LSAB法免疫组化染色检测移植瘤中微血管密度 (MVD) ;FCM分析裸鼠移植瘤细胞周期动力学和凋亡率。结果 :局部注射ASPODN组和PBS对照组 ,裸鼠人肝癌移植瘤瘤重及MVD平均值分别为 ( 1.2 8±0 .2 6)g、2 6.90± 7.4 2和 ( 3.4 6± 0 .86)g、50 .36± 10 .2 7(P <0 .0 1) ;局部注射ASPODN组 ,用CDE动态检测到移植瘤内的血管数目及血流丰富程度明显低于PBS组P <0 .0 1;经ASPODN治疗后的裸鼠人肝癌移植瘤细胞凋亡率 ( 7.4 8± 1.64) %高于PBS对照组 ( 2 .75± 0 .2 2 ) % (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :VEGFAS PODN明量抑制肝癌血管形成和生长 ,有望成为理想的抗肝癌血管生成基因治疗的新药     

Muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist inhibits the growth and angiogenesis of small cell lung cancer in vivo北大核心CSCD

Objective: To investigate the effects of muscarinic cholinergic receptor 3 (M3R) antagonist 4-diphenylacetoxy-N -methylpiperidine methiodide (4-DAMP) on the growth of small cell lung cancer and angiogenesis in nude mice. Methods: The mRNA and protein expressions of M3R in human small cell lung cancer SBC3 cells were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of SBC3 cells in nude mice was established. The model mice were randomly divided intofour groups, then intraperitoneally injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution (as the control group) and different doses of 4-DAMP (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg), respectively (once a day, for 15 days). The size of xenograft tumor was measured every 2 days. After the nude mice were sacrificed, the tumor mass was measured, and the tumor inhibitory rate was calculated. The expressions of M3R and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the tumor tissues were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The microvessel density (MVD) and VEGF expression were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: Human small cell lung cancer SBC3 cells expressed M3R mRNA and protein. After the subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of SBC3 cells in nude mice was successfully established and treated with different doses (0.5-2 mg/kg) of 4-DAMP, the sizes of xenograft tumors were significantly decreased as compared with the control group (all P < 0.05), and the weights of tumor tissues were significantly reduced (all P < 0.01). The tumor growth inhibitory rates in 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg 4-DAMP-treated groups were 15.82%, 33.54% and 55.06%, respectively. Furthermore, the relative expression levels of M3R and VEGF as well as MVD in the tumor tissues of 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg 4-DAMP-treated groups were significantly down-regulated as compared with the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: M3R antagonist 4-DAMP can inhibit the growth and angiogenesis of human small cell lung cancer in nude mice. Copyright © 2017 by TUMOR All rights reserved.     

环氧合酶-2抑制剂塞来昔布对人肝癌HepG2裸小鼠移植瘤生长和肿瘤血管生成的抑制作用

背景与目的:有研究证实,环氧合酶-2(cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2)与肿瘤,特别是与消化系统肿瘤形成的关系较为密切,而其抑制剂则具有抗肿瘤作用。本研究探讨特异性抑制剂塞来昔布对人肝癌HepG2裸小鼠移植瘤生长和肿瘤血管生成的抑制作用。方法:将肝癌细胞HepG2种植至裸鼠背侧皮下,4天后开始用塞来昔布治疗,58天后处死。观测裸鼠移植瘤的体积和质量。并采用免疫组化和逆转录-聚合酶链反应法(RT-PCR)检测裸鼠移植瘤组织中COX-2、血管内皮生长因子(vascularendothelialgrowthfactor,VEGF)、碱性成纤维生长因子(basicfibroblastgrowthfactor,bFGF)和血管生成素-2(angiopoientin-2,Ang-2)的表达,用免疫组化法检测微血管密度(microvesseldensity,MVD)。结果:治疗组切除的移植瘤平均体积和质量分别是(709.11±108.53)mm3和(2.63±0.34)g,对照组分别为(1417.55±69.50)mm3和(5.32±0.98)g,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。治疗组肿瘤增殖率为55.21%。②对照组COX-2、VEGF、bFGF、Ang-2的表达和MVD值分别是4.50±0.25、5.43±0.58、4.03±0.47、5.53±0.54和128.24±9.82,而在塞来昔布组分别是2.42±0.29、2.80±0.30、2.23±0.41、2.88±0.25和29.23±1.52。两组相比较,COX-2、VEGF、bFGF、Ang-2的表达和MVD值差异有显著性(P<0.01)。COX-2与VEGF、bFGF、Ang-2和MVD有明显的相关性(r分别为0.862、0.882、0.857,P分别<0.01)。结论:塞来昔布有效抑制了人肝癌细胞HepG2裸小鼠移植瘤的生长和血管生成,其作用途径是抑制了COX-2的表达。     

射频消融治疗对肝VX2 瘤及转移肿瘤血管生成的影响*

目的:探讨射频消融（RFA ）对兔肝VX2 肿瘤及转移结节中肿瘤血管生成的影响。方法:建立兔VX2 移植瘤模型,模型组直接处死,实验组于射频后4、24h 处死取出肝、肺肿瘤组织。免疫组化法检测VEGF的蛋白表达和MVD,逆转录聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）方法检测VEGF的基因表达。结果:VX2 肿瘤呈浸润生长,射频后,中央消融区细胞呈现大片坏死,周边为炎性反应带,外围癌组织残留。免疫组化结果示模型组VEGF蛋白表达及MVD均高于正常组,射频处理后肝脏残癌组织中VEGF蛋白及MVD下降,而肺组织内无明显变化;RT-PCR 结果示模型组肺转移结节的VEGF/GAPDH基因表达比为1.117 ± 0.125 4,射频消融后4h 和24h,基因表达比分别为1.046 5 ± 0.136 6,1.057 4 ± 0.145 2,与模型组比较无明显差异,P>0.05。结论:RFA 能破坏局部的肿瘤微血管,下调VEGF表达,抑制肿瘤血管生成;对于远处肿瘤血管生成,RFA 治疗并无明显影响。      

乙酰肝素酶抑制剂对裸鼠人食管鳞癌移植瘤的抑制作用

背景与目的:研究乙酰肝素酶(heparanase,Hpa)2种抑制剂硫酸化磷酸甘露戊糖(phosphomannopentaosesulfate,PI-88)和硫代磷酸寡脱氧核苷酸(antisense oligodeoxynucleotide,ASODN)对食管癌裸鼠移植瘤的体内抑瘤作用。材料与方法:采用低分化食管鳞癌TE-13细胞接种裸鼠皮下构建食管癌皮下侵袭模型,随机分为4组,30mg/kg PI-88组、2mg/kg ASODN组、20mg/kg PI-88+1mg/kgASODN联合用药组和无菌盐水对照组。模型建立后,各组于肿瘤接种区按上述剂量注射受试物,每天注射1次,注射15d后处死裸鼠,观察肿瘤体积和肿瘤微血管密度(micro vessel density,MVD),采用RT-PCR和免疫组化染色检测移植瘤中Hpa的表达。结果:接种后第6d,所有裸鼠在接种部位均长出肿瘤。接种后第21d,ASODN组、PI-88组和联合用药组肿瘤体积较对照组明显缩小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),联合用药组体积小于ASODN组和PI-88组(P均<0.01),ASODN组与PI-88两组体积差异无统计意义(P>0.05)。抑瘤率:ASODN组为49.67%,PI-88组为51.44%,联合用药组为83.00%。ASODN组、PI-88组和联合用药组MVD较对照组明显降低(P<0.01)。PI-88组和联合用药组MVD小于ASODN组(P<0.01),但前两组间差异无统计意义(P>0.05)。Hpa基因表达:ASODN组0.45±0.12,PI-88组1.22±0.01,联合用药组0.52±0.05,对照组1.33±0.05;Hpa蛋白表达:ASODN组43.40±7.80,PI-88组114.40±14.47,联合用药组37.40±7.20,对照组121.20±11.90。ASODN和联合用药组Hpa表达较对照组明显降低(Hpa基因:P<0.01;Hpa蛋白:P<0.01),PI-88组和对照组Hpa基因和蛋白表达差异无统计意义(P>0.05),ASODN和联合用药组Hpa基因和蛋白表达差异无统计意义(P>0.05)。结论:单独应用ASODN或联合PI-88用药,均能抑制肿瘤生长,PI-88的作用可能主要在于抑制肿瘤血管新生。ASODN的作用可能主要在于抑制肿瘤Hpa基因和蛋白合成。两者联合用药可以产生协同作用。     

苏拉明联合顺铂对肺腺癌小鼠移植瘤生长和转移的影响

背景与目的:新近研究发现新生血管生成在肿瘤生长、转移以及转移灶的生长过程中起重要作用。本研究观察苏拉明联合顺铂对肺腺癌细胞LA795的T739小鼠异体移植瘤生长和转移的抑制作用,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法:建立肺腺癌细胞LA795的T739小鼠异体移植瘤模型,将32只接种LA795细胞T739小鼠随机分成4组,每组8只。对照组:每只小鼠每天生理盐水0.2ml腹腔注射;顺铂组:顺铂2mg·(kg·d)-1于接种后第4、11、18天各一次;苏拉明组:苏拉明10mg·(kg·d)-1;顺铂 苏拉明组:顺铂2mg·(kg·d)-1于接种后第4、11、18天各腹腔注射一次 苏拉明10mg·(kg·d)-1。用药16日,用药中观察肿瘤生长情况,于接种后第24天处死各组小鼠,取出双肺并剥离皮下肿瘤,计算出肺转移发生率,计数各组小鼠肺表面转移结节数并算出肺表面结节转移抑制率。收集移植瘤标本行光镜观察,采用免疫组化和图像分析系统定量检测肿瘤组织微血管密度(microvesseldensity,MVD),血管内皮生长因子(vascularendothelialgrowthfactor,VEGF)及核因子-κB(nuclearfactor-kappaB,NF-κB)的表达和原位凋亡TUNEL法检测肿瘤细胞凋亡指数。结果:顺铂组、苏拉明组、顺铂加苏拉明组肿瘤的生长明显受到抑制,瘤重明显低于对照组,其抑瘤率分别为23.0%、34.4%、56.3%,而联合用药组抗瘤作用进一步增强。光镜观察顺铂组、苏拉明组、顺铂加苏拉明组肿瘤细胞出现坏死,苏拉明组和顺铂加苏拉明组肿瘤间质中血管数减少。各用药组NF-#B的表达都比对照组减少,凋亡指数比对照组明显提高,差异有显著性(P<0.01);苏拉明组及联合组与对照组和顺铂组相比肺表面转移结节数明显下降,同时肺转移发生率、皮下肿瘤MVD、VEGF的表达也明显下降,相反顺铂组对此则无明显改变。结论:苏拉明可明显抑制肺腺癌细胞在小鼠体内的生长和转移,与顺铂联用有协同作用,其作用机制可能与抑制其微血管形成、促进细胞凋亡有关。     

重组人血管内皮抑制素治疗人乳腺癌裸鼠模型的实验研究

目的 探讨重组人血管内皮抑制素注射液(恩度,YH-16)对人乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用.方法 建立人乳腺癌裸鼠模型,随机分成4组,每组10只,接种人乳腺癌细胞悬液,瘤体达1.0 cm3时,于种植部位皮下注射药物:阴性对照组生理盐水0.2 mg/kg体重,阳性对照组顺铂(DDP)1 ms/ks体重,YH-16组YH-16 20 ms/kg体重,DDP联合YH-16组为DDP1 mg/kg体重和YH-16 20 ms/ks体重,隔日一次,20 d后颈椎脱位处死裸鼠,检测裸鼠体重、肿瘤体积、抑瘤率、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、癌细胞凋亡率、肺转移率.结果 DDP联合YH-16组、阳性对照组、YH-16单药组、阴性对照组肿瘤体积分别为(0.686±0.229)、(1.258±0.101)、(1.888±0.215)、(3.366±0.284)cm3;抑瘤率分别为92.1%、57.3%、36.5%、0;肺转移率分别为0、10%、20%、90%;癌细胞凋亡率分别为31.6%±2.7%、28.1%±2.7%、19.4%±2.9%、15.7%±3.2%;RT-PCR检测VEGF表达,吸光度(A)比值均数分别为0.530±0.164、0.759±0.210、1.063±0.295、1.268±0.145,Western blot检测结果为0.260±0.0820、0.348±0.085、0.461±0.099、0.556±0.113,以上各组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 YH-16对人乳腺癌裸鼠肿瘤生长及远处转移均有抑制作用,不良反应小;YH-16联合DDP有协同增效作用.     

放疗对胰腺癌细胞种植瘤血管生成的影响

Objective

The aim of this study was to observe the effect of radiation on micro-vessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in an transplanted tumor of human pancreatic cancer in nude mice and to explore the role of radiotherapy on pancreatic cancer angiogenesis.

Methods

After vaccinated pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells, 20 nude mice were randomly divided into radiation group and control group. Radiation group received the radiation (dose of 20 Gy) and were killed 5 days later. The MVD and VEGF expression were determined by immunohistochemistry and then compared with the control group.

Results

The number of MVD in the radiation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (8.30 ± 4.55 vs. 13.60 ± 4.28, P < 0.01). The optical density (OD) of VEGF in the radiation group was higher (2.11 ± 0.54 vs. 1.32 ± 0.61, P < 0.05) compared with the control group.

Conclusion

The radiotherapy can reduce the number of vessels and increase the VEGF expression of human pancreatic cancer transplanted tumor in nude mice.     

Expressions of MVD, VEGF, Ki67 in residual prostate cancer after cryoablation

Objective  

To analyze the effects of cryoablation on the mice bearing Rm-1 prostate cancer through detecting tumor angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation in the mice after cryoablation, and to explore the effects of cryoablation on vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF), Ki67 protein expression and microvessel density (MVD) in the mice bearing prostate cancer.     

Efficient inhibition of lung cancer in murine model by plasmid-encoding VEGF short hairpin RNA in combination with low-dose DDP

Background

VEGF is a well-validated target for antiangiogenic intervention in cancer. To date, RNAi technology has been proven to be a promising approach for targeted therapy. DDP is frequently used as a first-line drug in chemotherapy for lung cancer but usually causes severe toxicity. In this study, we investigated a novel strategy of administering and combining RNAi mediated VEGF-targeted therapy with DDP for treatment of lung cancer, with the aim of increasing efficacy and decreasing toxicity.

Methods

In this study, a plasmid encoding VEGF shRNA was constructed to knockdown VEGF both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, specificity and potency of the targeting sequence were validated in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells by RT-PCR and ELISA assays. In vivo, therapy experiments were conducted on nude mice bearing A549 xenograft tumors. The VEGF shRNA expressing plasmids were administered systemically in combination with low-dose DDP on a frequent basis. The tumor volume and weight were measured. MVD, the number of apoptotic cells and proliferation index in tumor tissues were assessed by CD31, TUNEL and PCNA immunostaining.

Results

The VEGF shRNA was highly effective in attenuating VEGF expression both in vitro and in vivo. The treatment with the VEGF shRNA alone reduced the mean tumor weight by 49.40% compared with the blank control (P < 0.05). The treatment with the VEGF shRNA plus DDP yielded maximal benefits by reducing the mean tumor weight by 83.13% compared with the blank control (P < 0.01). The enhanced antitumor efficacy was associated with decreased angiogenesis and increased induction of apoptosis.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated synergistic antitumor activity of combined VEGF shRNA expressing plasmids and low-dose DDP with no overt toxicity, suggesting potential applications of the combined approach in the treatment of lung cancer.     

塞来昔布联合奥沙利铂对人肺癌裸鼠移植瘤的治疗作用及其作用机制的研究

目的: 研究COX-2抑制剂与化疗药物奥沙利铂对人肺癌裸鼠移植瘤生长、Survivin表达和微血管生成的影响。 方法: 人肺癌A549细胞接种于裸鼠背部皮下,随机分为四组(对照组;奥沙利铂组;塞来昔布组;奥沙利铂和塞来昔布联合用药组)并给予相应的药物。测量肿瘤体积,42天后处死裸鼠,切取移植瘤组织检测COX-2,VEGF,Sur-vivin表达和微血管密度(MVD)。 结果: 塞来昔布组和奥沙利铂组抑瘤率分别为34.60%和46.70%,奥沙利铂和塞来昔布联合应用组抑瘤率为66.09%。免疫组织化学染色和RT-PCR结果分析显示:奥沙利铂组COX-2,VEGF表达显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。微血管密度与对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。奥沙利铂组Survivin表达低于对照组,塞来昔布组和联合用药组COX-2,VEGF表达和MVD低于对照组(P<0.05)。 结论: 塞来昔布可抑制人肺癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长、Survivin表达和血管生成。塞来昔布与奥沙利铂联合应用提高了奥沙利铂的抗肿瘤效果。     

塞来昔布对实验性结肠癌原位移植瘤生长及血管形成的影响

目的:探讨塞来昔布对实验性结肠癌原位移植瘤生长及血管形成的影响。方法:使用对数生长期的人结肠癌细胞(HT-29)于裸鼠皮下接种成瘤后原位种植。术后随机分为对照组(C组)及塞来昔布高、中、低剂量组(H、M、L组)共四组进行研究。结果:24只裸鼠实验期间无1只死亡,成瘤率为100%,比较各组原位移植瘤体积和瘤质量差异有统计学意义,P值均<0·05。L、M和H组的抑瘤率分别为25·30%、38·80%和76·92%,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义,P=0·000,且存在明显的剂量依赖。干预组瘤组织中MVD、VEGFmRNA、MMP-2mRNA和匀浆上清中PGE2含量与对照组相比差异有统计学意义,P值分别为0·050、0·050、0·050和0·010,随着剂量增加,MVD、VEGFmRNA、MMP-2mRNA和匀浆上清中PGE2含量逐渐降低。瘤组织中PGE2含量与瘤质量,以及MVD与VEGFmRNA、MMP-2mRNA均存在显著的正相关性,r=0·8814,P=0·000;r=0·8573,P=0·000;r=0·6427,P=0·001。结论:塞来昔布通过抑制人结肠癌裸鼠原位移植瘤环氧化酶-2活性,抑制PGE2合成、VEGFmRNA和MMP-2mRNA表达,抑制肿瘤的血管形成,从而对结肠癌的生长有抑制作用。     

应用IGF-1基因缺失小鼠研究IGF-1与乳腺肿瘤血管生成的关系

背景与目的:胰岛素样生长因子家族(insulin-like growth factors,IGFs)在肿瘤发生发展中所起的作用日益受到重视,但其作用机制尚不清楚.本实验通过在肝特异性胰岛素样生长因子1(insulin-like growth factor 1,IGF-1)基因缺失(LID)小鼠体内建立稳定的原发性乳腺癌模型,探讨血清中IGF-1水平与乳腺肿瘤血管生成可能存在的关系.方法:使用肝特异性IGF-1基因缺失小鼠及对照鼠,用化学致癌剂7,12-二甲基苯蒽[7,12-dimethybenz(a)anthracene,DMBA]诱导原发性乳腺肿瘤,使用人参皂甙Rg3进行干预治疗.比较各组肿瘤发生情况并通过免疫组化方法检测血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)的表达及微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD).结果:未管饲Rg3的对照鼠、未管饲Rg3的LID鼠、管饲Rg3的对照鼠及管饲Rg3的LID鼠的乳腺癌发病率依次为66.67%、33.33%、36.00%及12.00%.肿瘤平均直径四组依次为(0.79±0.20)cm、(0.37±0.08)cm、(0.32±0.08)cm及(0.15±0.05)cm.VEGF表达检测:未管饲Rg3的对照鼠平均光密度为0.34±0.10,阳性百分率(positive rate,PR)为0.04±0.02,均为各组中最高(P＜0.05);管饲Rg3的LID鼠平均光密度0.13±0.03,阳性百分率0.01±0.00,均为各组中最低(P＜0.05).以上四组MVD依次为31.9±5.3、26.8±4.9、20.1±4.9、14.4±4.9(P＜0.05).结论:IGF-1与乳腺肿瘤的发生发展相关,降低血清IGF-1可抑制肿瘤血管生成而对乳腺肿瘤有抑制作用,应用血管生长抑制剂人参皂甙Rg3可增强这一效应.     

重组人干扰素a2b联合顺铂对骨肉瘤的作用及其对VEGF表达的影响

目的探讨重组人干扰素a2b联合顺铂对骨肉瘤的作用效果及其对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响。方法将32只荷瘤裸鼠随机均分为4组:对照组、干扰素a2b组、顺铂组和联合治疗组。分别在接种后第0、5、10、15、20、25、30天记录肿瘤体积变化和抑瘤率;接种后30 d后处死裸鼠,取裸鼠移植瘤测定重量,采用免疫组化法进行CD34标记,用Weidner方法计数微血管密度(MVD);显微镜下检测细胞凋亡情况;ELISA法检测VEGF水平。结果4组裸鼠成瘤率均为100％。其中,联合治疗组在接种后第10、15、20、25、30天的肿瘤体积显著低于顺铂组和对照组。联合治疗组的瘤体重量显著低于顺铂组和对照组［(0733±0054)g vs.(2326±0151)g、(2419±0166)g］,差异均有统计学意义(均P<005)。联合治疗组MVD值显著低于顺铂组和对照组［(2286±286) vs.(2745±164)、(318±312)］,联合治疗组移植瘤凋亡指数高于顺铂组和对照组［(4562±424)％ vs.(966±115)％、(1000±128)％］,差异均有统计学意义(均P<005)。干扰素a2b组和联合治疗组的VEGF蛋白表达阳性率分别为2062％、1545％,低于顺铂组和对照组(5924％、6837％),差异有统计学意义(P<005)。结论重组人干扰素a2b联合顺铂注射能特异性抑制骨肉瘤裸鼠VEGF的表达、血管生成和肿瘤生长,并能促进肿瘤细胞凋亡。     

NRP-1单抗联合节律化疗对裸鼠胃癌移植瘤生长的抑制

目的：探讨NRP-1 单抗联合多西他赛节律化疗对胃癌裸鼠移植瘤的抗肿瘤疗效。方法：BALB/c裸鼠皮下接种胃癌BGC-823 细胞制备移植瘤模型,将荷瘤裸鼠以数字随机表法随机分为对照组、NRP-1 单抗组、节律化疗组(MCT)、联合组(NRP-1mAb+MCT),每组6 只。除对照组,其余各组于造模第8 天开始分别给予相应治疗,给药2 周,观察裸鼠一般状况,隔天测量裸鼠体重及肿瘤体积。裸鼠处死后称瘤质量,H-E 染色观察瘤组织形态,免疫组化检测裸鼠瘤组织中NRP-1 蛋白、VEGF、MVD表达。结果：联合组移植瘤的体积和质量显著低于其他各组[ （0.394±0.128）vs（0.748±0.152）、0.867±0.361）、（1.247±0.494）g;（0.613±0.223) vs (0.866±0.115)、(1.098±0.343)、(1.474±0.644) cm3。均P<0.05],抑瘤率较其他治疗组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组癌组织细胞生长良好,血管丰富,给药组癌组织出现不同程度的片状坏死,血管成分减少。免疫组化染色显示,对照组NRP-1 表达明显高于治疗各组(P<0.05),联合组的NRP-1、VEGF、MVD表达均显著低于其余各组(P<0.05)。结论：NRP-1单抗联合多西他赛节律化疗可能通过下调NRP-1 表达而显著抑制BGC-823 胃癌移植瘤的生长及血管生成。     

宫颈癌组织中Ets-1表达及其与微血管密度的相关性研究

目的 研究宫颈癌组织中原癌基因Ets-1的表达与肿瘤血管生成的关系,探讨Ets-1在宫颈癌发生、发展、侵袭转移中的作用及临床意义.方法 采用免疫组织化SP法检测67例宫颈癌组织中Ets-1的表达及微血管密度(MVD,CD34标记),并进行相关性分析.结果 宫颈癌组织中Ets-1表达阳性率62.7%,正常宫颈组织中无1例阳性着色(P<0.01).宫颈癌组织中MVD计数为37.57±6.77,正常宫颈上皮为14.91±2.55(P<0.01).随Ets-1表达增强MVD显著增高(P<0.01).Ets-1表达随临床分期(P<0.01)、组织学分级(P<0.01)的进展呈增高趋势;有盆腔淋巴结转移及深肌层浸润患者Ets-1的表达高于无盆腔淋巴结转移及浅肌层浸润患者(P<0.01).结论 Ets-1蛋白可通过促进肿瘤血管生成加速肿瘤的生长浸润及转移.检测Ets-1为临床了解宫颈癌生物学行为及判断预后提供了重要参考指标.