自锁托槽矫治器对正畸牙龈沟液天冬氨酸转氨酶水平变化影响的实验研究

目的:分析自锁托槽矫治器在错畸形矫治早期龈沟液天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平的变化。方法:选择20例青少年患者,年龄11～16岁,每例患者随机选取同颌同名牙列分别作为实验组和对照组,实验组牙列佩戴自锁托槽矫治器;同颌对侧牙列佩戴普通直丝弓托槽,设为对照组。利用全自动生化分析仪检测矫治前、矫治后1、24、48、72、168 h及2周龈沟液中AST含量水平的变化。结果:实验组的龈沟液AST含量在加力24 h开始升高,但升高的幅度、速率明显小于对照组牙列。结论:使用自锁托槽矫治器,龈沟液AST含量水平改变较小,对牙周组织的损伤可能较小。     

隐形矫治器、自锁托槽与传统托槽对成人正畸患者牙周指数及龈沟液炎性因子的影响

目的:研究隐形矫治器、自锁托槽及传统托槽对成人正畸患者牙周指数及龈沟液内炎性因子水平的影响.方法:90例成人正畸患者随机分为传统组、自锁组及隐形组(n=30),分别佩戴传统MBT托槽、Damon Q自锁托槽及Invisalign隐形矫治器,观察矫治前、矫治后1、3、6个月及矫治结束时患者菌斑指数(PLI)、探诊深度(PD)及龈沟液内白介素1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的变化情况.结果:矫治后1～6个月,传统组及自锁组患者牙周指数及龈沟液内炎性因子水平持续升高(P＜0.05),6个月达最高峰,矫治后1个月自锁组与传统组比较无显著差异(P＞0.05),矫治后3个月至矫治结束自锁组牙周指数及炎性因子水平均明显低于传统组(P＜0.05).隐形组患者PLI、IL-1β及TNF-α在矫治后6个月较矫治前升高(P＜0.05),但矫治后各项指标均显著低于传统组及自锁组(P＜0.05).结论:自锁托槽在正畸矫治中后期对牙周组织的影响小于传统托槽,隐形矫治器及自锁托槽与传统托槽相比,在正畸矫治后各个时期均更利于牙周组织的健康.     

正畸牙龈沟液白细胞介素-1β与肿瘤坏死因子-α水平的变化及其生物学意义

目的　 探讨正畸牙受力后龈沟液内白细胞介素-１β（IL-1β）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平的动态变化及其生物学意义。方法 　选择15例正畸患者为研究对象，将每位患者的4颗尖牙按左右侧随机分入实验组和对照组。实验组用橡皮链加力拉尖牙向远中，对照组尖牙不加力。分别在戴矫治器前，戴矫治器后1、24、48、72和168 h时收集两组尖牙远中颊面龈沟液，应用放射免疫法测定龈沟液内IL-1β和TNF-α的含量。结果 　实验组在加力24 h后IL-1β和TNF-α水平开始升高，72 h达到最高，168 h基本恢复至基线水平；对照组在整个实验过程中IL-1β和TNF-α含量均保持在基线水平。48 h和72 h实验组IL-1β和TNF-α含量与对照组相比有显著性差异（P＜0.05）。24 h实验组 TNF-α含量与对照组有显著性差异（P＜0.05），而IL-1β含量与对照组相比无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。结论　 牙齿正畸过程中受机械力的作用龈沟液内IL-1β和TNF-α水平发生动态变化，表明这两种生物活性因子早期即参与牙齿移动和牙槽骨重建过程。     

自锁托槽和无托槽隐形矫治器对正畸患者牙周组织炎症状态的影响

目的 探讨自锁托槽和无托槽隐形矫治器对正畸患者牙周组织炎症状态的影响。方法 选取104例错畸形患者，根据患者自愿原则采用无托槽隐形矫治器和自锁托槽矫治器，各52例，评估两组粘戴托槽前及粘戴托槽24 h后的口腔咬合功能[去皮花生仁的咀嚼次数(MT)，并计算咀嚼效能(ME)、最大咬合力(MF)、最大合力时间(MFT)、咬合速率(SO)]，对比两组矫治前及矫治6个月后的牙周指数[牙龈指数(GI)、龈沟探诊深度(SPD)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)、菌斑指数(PLI)]、龈沟液中白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)水平和天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)及碱性磷酸酶(ALP)含量。结果 两组粘戴托槽24 h后的ME、MT、MF及SO值较粘戴托槽前有显著性降低(P<.05)，MFT值较粘戴托槽前有显著性升高(P<.05)，无托槽组矫治6个月后的GI、SPD、SBI及PLI值较矫治前无明显差异(P>0.05)，而自锁托槽组较矫治前有显著提高(P<.05)，无托槽组上述指标变化幅度显著小于自锁托槽组(P<.05)；两组矫治6个月后的龈沟液中IL-1β、TNF-α、AST及ALP含量水平较矫治前有显著提升(P<.05)，但无托槽组显著低于自锁托槽组(P<.05)。结论 无托槽隐形矫治器用于正畸治疗中，能明显改善患者粘戴托槽后的咬合功能，改善牙周组织健康状态，并有效减少龈沟液中IL-1β、TNF-α、AST及ALP过量分泌，以缓解牙周组织炎症状态。     

正畸力作用轻度牙周炎患牙后龈沟液中RANKL、OPG的表达

目的检测正畸力作用轻度牙周炎患牙后龈沟液中核因子κB受体活化子配体(receptor activator for NF-κB ligand,RANKL)、骨保护素(Osteoprotegerin,OPG)的浓度变化,探讨正畸力是否加重患牙的牙周损伤。方法选择20例无牙周炎病史正畸患者和20例伴有轻度牙周炎但炎症已被控制的正畸患者;分别在正畸加力后0 h、1 h、24 h、7 d、14 d、21 d收集上颌双侧尖牙远中龈沟液;应用酶联免疫吸附(enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay,ELISA)实验测定龈沟液中RANKL、OPG浓度;分析正畸过程中RANKL、OPG的变化趋势及两者比值。结果在正畸加力后各时间点,两组患者龈沟液中RANKL、OPG浓度无明显差异(P>0.05),除加力后7 d外,其他时间点龈沟液中RANKL/OPG比值无差异(P>0.05);以加力后0 h作对照,各时间点组内患者龈沟液中RANKL浓度均升高(P<0.05),在加力后7 d达到最大值;而各时间点组内患者龈沟液中OPG浓度均降低(P<0.01),在加力后7 d,OPG浓度最低;此外,RANKL/OPG比值均增加,同样在加力后7 d达到最大值。结论在相同正畸力作用下,伴牙周炎患牙牙周组织骨改建活动无明显异常;因此,恰当的正畸力不会引起轻度牙周炎患牙牙周病变加重。     

正畸牙齿龈沟液中白介素-17含量的研究

目的检测正畸牙加力前、加力后压力侧和张力侧龈沟液中白介素-17（IL-17）的含量。方法选择拔除4个第一双尖牙拉尖牙远移正畸患者20例,用滤纸条法收集加力前、加力1个月后上颌尖牙压力侧及张力侧龈沟液,采用双抗夹心酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测龈沟液中IL-17的浓度。结果加力前、加力后压力侧和张力侧龈沟液中IL-17的浓度有显著性差异,压力侧龈沟液中IL-17的浓度明显高于加力前和张力侧（P〈0.05）。结论正畸力作用下,压力侧龈沟液中IL-17表达高于加力前和张力侧。IL-17可能参与了正畸力诱导的破骨细胞分化和牙槽骨吸收的过程。     

牙周炎牙齿正畸加力前后龈沟液中PGE2和ALP的变化

目的 :探讨牙周炎牙齿接受正畸治疗时牙周组织的反应。方法 :在牙周炎和牙周健康正畸组分别放置标准方丝弓矫治装置 ,一侧 (实验侧 )加力 ,另一侧 (对照侧 )未加力 ,分别于加力前和加力 2 4h后收集龈沟液 ,采用放射免疫法和生化分析法进行前列腺素E2 (PGE2 )和碱性磷酸酶 (ALP)检测。结果 :正畸加力 2 4h后实验侧 2组龈沟液中PGE2 总量均明显增加 (P <0 .0 1) ,2组PGE2 总量变化的差值无显著性差异 ,对照侧均无变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;2组龈沟液中ALP总量变化不明显。结论 :牙周炎牙齿在接受正畸治疗 2 4h时 ,龈沟液中PGE2 和ALP的改变与牙周健康牙齿的反应类似。     

自锁托槽矫治器对牙周健康的影响

目的观察自锁托槽对正畸患者牙周健康的影响。方法随机选择48例12～16岁错畸形患者,分为自锁托槽组和传统结扎式托槽组,前者使用3M公司Smartclip自锁托槽矫治器,后者使用GeminiMBT金属托槽矫治器。分别在戴矫治器后1、3、6个月检测下切牙牙龈指数(GI),菌斑指数(PLI),龈沟出血指数(SBI)。结果自锁托槽组牙周指数明显低于统结扎式托槽组。结论与传统结扎式托槽矫治器相比,自锁托槽矫治器更有利于牙周组织健康。     

自锁托槽与普通直丝托槽矫治中尖牙远移速度的比较

目的：比较应用自锁托槽矫治器与普通直丝托槽矫治器矫治中尖牙向远中移动的速度。方法：选取需拔除上颌第一前磨牙的安氏Ⅱ1错颌患者40例,同一患者双侧上颌尖牙随机粘自锁托槽或普通直丝托槽,牙列排齐整平后,上颌换0．018英寸的不锈钢圆丝,用镍钛拉簧以150 g的力量,使上颌尖牙向远中移动。患者每隔28 d复诊1次。计算出使用不同托槽后尖牙向远中移动的速度。配对t检验进行统计分析。结果：普通直丝托槽矫治器尖牙向远中移动的速度明显快于自锁托槽矫治器（P﹤0．01）。结论：很多因素可以影响自锁托槽矫治器的摩擦力。     

PAOO加速正畸牙移动对患者牙周组织中炎性细胞因子表达的影响

目的:分析牙周加速成骨正畸技术(periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics, PAOO)对患者牙周组织内炎性细胞因子表达的影响。方法:选取2020年8月～2021年8月本院收治的PAOO患者30例,分别于术前术后采集其龈沟液和血清标本,通过酶联免疫吸附方法检测白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、前列素E2(prost E2,PGE2)及基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinase, MMPs)表达水平。结果:术后1个月龈沟液IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、PGE2、MMP-2、MMP-3以及MMP-9水平低于术前(P<0.05),术后1个月至4个月龈沟液各项指标水平均递减(P<0.05)。术后1个月,血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、PGE2、MMP-2、MMP-3以及MMP-9水平低于术前(P<0.05)。结论:PAOO能降低患者牙周组织内的炎性细胞因子表达水平,改善牙周...     

自锁托槽非拔牙矫治对牙弓及牙周状况的影响

目的 探讨自锁托槽非拔牙矫治与传统托槽对牙弓及牙周状况的长期影响.方法 选取2014年1月~2017年2月期间我科收治的40例牙列中度拥挤患者,分为两组,每组20名,对照组采用普通MBT托槽治疗,观察组采用Damon Q自锁托槽非拔牙矫治治疗.比较两组患者治疗前后、治疗后保持1年的牙弓、软硬组织、牙龈指数、牙周菌斑指数变化情况.结果 观察组患者 U1-FH、OP-FH、U1-L1明显高于对照组,U1-NA(°)、U1-NA (mm)、L1-NB(mm)明显低于对照组(P<0.05).观察组患者ULP、N'- Sn-Pg'明显低于对照组,SnLs-SiLi、Cm-Sn-Ls、Ls-E、Li-E明显高于对照组(P<0.05).观察组患者T2、T3期牙周菌斑指数明显低于对照组(P<0.05).观察组患者T2、T3期牙龈指数明显低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 Damon自锁矫治器非拔牙矫治牙列中度拥挤长期疗效较稳定,在控制菌斑及牙龈出血方面有优势.     

两种扩弓方式对正畸牙齿龈沟液中碱性磷酸酶影响的研究

目的 研究快速和慢速扩弓对正畸牙齿龈沟液中碱性磷酸酶表达变化的影响。方法 采用Hass矫治器进行快速或慢速扩弓,每组患者各15例,平均年龄10.2岁。在扩弓前（基线）、扩弓后1周、保持1、4、8、12周,记录上颌第一前磨牙牙龈指数(GI)、牙周探诊深度（PD）,通过全自动生化分析仪检查碱性磷酸酶水平。结果 两组临床指标除在加力后第1周牙龈指数有统计学差异外,其余观察时间点无显著差异。碱性磷酸酶含量在加力后第1周到保持阶段第4周,快速扩弓组高于慢速扩弓组,之后慢性扩弓组缓慢升高,到保持第8周,两组无统计学差异,在第12周两组仍未恢复到基线水平。 结论 碱性磷酸酶可能参与了扩弓后牙周组织的改建,在慢性扩弓组,龈沟液中ALP表达较持续,可能更有利于牙周组织的改建。     

Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on serum and gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels during pregnancy and postpartum

Background and Objective: A low‐grade systemic inflammatory status originating from periodontal infection has been proposed to explain the association between periodontal disease and systemic conditions, including adverse obstetric outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy during pregnancy on the gingival crevicular fluid and serum levels of six cytokines associated with periodontal disease and preterm birth. Material and Methods: A subsample of 60 women (18–35 years of age) up to 20 gestational weeks, previously enrolled in a larger randomized clinical trial, was recruited for the present study. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either comprehensive nonsurgical periodontal therapy before 24 gestational weeks (n = 30, test group) or only one appointment for supragingival calculus removal (n = 30, control group). Clinical data, and samples of blood and gingival crevicular fluid, were collected at baseline, at 26–28 gestational weeks and 30 d after delivery. The levels of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐12p70 and tumor necrosis factor‐α were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: After treatment, a major reduction in periodontal inflammation was observed in the test group, with bleeding on probing decreasing from 49.62% of sites to 11.66% of sites (p < 0.001). Periodontal therapy significantly reduced the levels of IL‐1β and IL‐8 in gingival crevicular fluid (p < 0.001). However, no significant effect of therapy was observed on serum cytokine levels. After delivery, the levels of IL‐1β in the gingival crevicular fluid of the test group were significantly lower than were those in the control group (p < 0.001), but there were no significant differences between test and control groups regarding serum cytokine levels. Conclusion: Although periodontal therapy during pregnancy successfully reduced periodontal inflammation and gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels, it did not have a significant impact on serum biomarkers.     

Influence of smoking on interleukin-1beta level, oxidant status and antioxidant status in gingival crevicular fluid from chronic periodontitis patients before and after periodontal treatment

Toker H, Akp?nar A, Ayd?n H, Poyraz O. Influence of smoking on interleukin‐1beta level, oxidant status and antioxidant status in gingival crevicular fluid from chronic periodontitis patients before and after periodontal treatment. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 572–577. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of smoking on the relationship between interleukin‐1 (IL‐1β) and oxidation in patients with periodontitis and response to nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Material and Methods: Data were obtained from 30 patients with generalized chronic periodontitis (15 smokers and 15 nonsmokers) and from 10 periodontally healthy controls. IL‐1β level, total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were recorded in gingival crevicular fluid. Probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival and plaque indices and bleeding on probing were also measured. The gingival crevicular fluid and clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and 6 wk after periodontal treatment. Results: The study showed statistically significant improvement of clinical parameters in both smokers and nonsmokers after periodontal treatment. Moreover, the baseline IL‐1β levels were significantly higher in smokers compared with nonsmokers (p < 0.05). After periodontal treatment, the IL‐1β levels were significantly reduced in both smokers and nonsmokers (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in TOS and TAS between periodontitis patients and healthy controls at baseline and 6 wk after periodontal treatment. The level of IL‐1β in gingival crevicular fluid was positively correlated with TOS in both smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusions: Periodontal treatment improved the clinical parameters in both smokers and nonsmokers. The results confirm that periodontal therapy has an effect on IL‐1β levels in gingival crevicular fluid, but not on TOS and TAS.     

Evaluation of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor–factor VIII and IL-1β levels in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva in periodontal disease and health

Odontology - The aim of this study is to determine the levels of MFG-E8 and interleukin (IL)-1β in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) associated with periodontal health and disease....     

A multiplex immunoassay demonstrates reductions in gingival crevicular fluid cytokines following initial periodontal therapy

Thunell DH, Tymkiw KD, Johnson GK, Joly S, Burnell KK, Cavanaugh JE, Brogden KA, Guthmiller JM. A multiplex immunoassay demonstrates reductions in gingival crevicular fluid cytokines following initial periodontal therapy. J Periodont Res 2009; doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0765.2009.01204.x. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: Cytokines and chemokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. The objective of this study was to quantitatively assess the effect of initial periodontal therapy on gingival crevicular fluid levels of a comprehensive panel of cytokines and chemokines, including several less extensively studied mediators. Material and Methods: Clinical examinations were performed and gingival crevicular fluid samples obtained from six subjects with generalized severe chronic periodontitis prior to initial periodontal therapy and at re‐evaluation (6–8 weeks). Four diseased and two healthy sites were sampled in each subject. Twenty‐two gingival crevicular fluid mediators were examined using a multiplex antibody capture and detection platform. Statistical analyses were performed by fitting mixed effects linear models to log‐transformed gingival crevicular fluid values. Results: Gingival crevicular fluid interleukin (IL)‐1α and IL‐1β were the only cytokines to differ in initially diseased vs. initially healthy sites. Following initial therapy, 13 of the 16 detectable cytokines and chemokines decreased significantly in diseased sites, including IL‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐3, IL‐6, IL‐7, IL‐8, IL‐12 (p40), CCL5/regulated on activation, normally T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), eotaxin, macrophage chemotactic protein‐1, macrophage inflammatory protein‐1α and interferon‐γ. At healthy sites, only three of the 16 mediators were significantly altered following therapy. Conclusion: This is the first study, to our knowledge, to evaluate such an extensive panel of gingival crevicular fluid mediators within the same sample prior to and following initial therapy. The results confirm that periodontal therapy effectively reduces pro‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including less well‐described mediators that may be important in initiation and progression of periodontitis. The multiplex assay will prove useful for future gingival crevicular fluid studies.     

应用自锁托槽和传统结扎托槽矫治对牙周状况影响的比较

目的：比较自锁托槽和传统结扎托槽对正畸患者牙周状况的影响。方法收集12~16岁青少年正畸患者120例,根据托槽种类随机分为4组,每组30例,其中传统托槽组使用传统结扎托槽作为对照组,Smart?clip组、Bio?Quick组及Damon Q组使用3种不同自锁托槽作为试验组,于矫治前（T0）、矫治后1（T1）、3（T2）、6（T3）个月分别测量下颌切牙的菌斑指数、牙龈指数和探诊深度。结果 T0期和T1期,各组相关牙周指数较治疗前差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;矫治后3、6个月,不论是自锁托槽组还是传统托槽组,菌斑指数和牙龈指数同T0、T1相比逐渐升高,且差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,但牙周探诊深度仍无明显区别（P>0.05）。矫治后3个月,3个自锁托槽组的菌斑指数及牙龈指数明显低于传统托槽组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。矫治后6个月,自锁托槽组的菌斑指数及牙龈指数同对照组相比也有显著降低（P<0.05）。但在不同矫治时期,不同种类自锁托槽牙周指数间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论与传统结扎托槽相比,自锁托槽在控制菌斑及牙龈出血方面存在优势,但对牙周袋深度的影响无明显差别。     

可摘局部义齿对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者龈沟液中IL-1β的影响

目的 研究可摘局部义齿对II型糖尿病患者龈沟液中白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）表达水平的影响。方法 选取口腔门诊就诊的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者36例,牙周非手术治疗后进行可摘局部义齿修复,检测基牙与其对侧同名牙于义齿修复前、修复后2周、3个月、6个月、12个月牙周指标和龈沟液中IL-1β的表达水平。结果 1）Ⅱ型糖尿病患者戴用可摘局部义齿后基牙的IL-1β的表达水平高于对照牙(P＜0.01);2）Ⅱ型糖尿病患者戴用可摘局部义齿后的6个月内,基牙IL-1β的表达水平均明显升高(P＜0.01);12个月时基牙IL-1β的表达水平与6个月时无明显变化。结论 戴用可摘局部义齿可引起Ⅱ型糖尿病患者基牙龈沟液中IL-1β表达水平的升高。