腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除保肛治疗低位直肠癌

目的：探索腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除（TME）低位、超低位前切除治疗低位直肠癌的可行性。方法：按TME原则、用双钉合技术（DST）,在腹腔镜下对62例低位直肠癌患者实施TME、DST低位、超低位结肠-肛肠吻合术。结果：手术时间11-210min,平均125min;术中出血5-80ml,平均20ml;术后1-2d恢复胃肠功能并下床活动,住院时间5-14d,平均8d。1例患者因凝血障碍中转开腹,其他61例患者手术顺利。术后疼痛剂应用28例,除1例吻合口漏、1例尿潴留外,其余患者未见术中及术后并发症。结论：腹腔镜TME、低位、超低位吻合术治疗低位直肠癌,创伤小、保肛率高、术后疼痛轻、恢复快,是极具应用前景的微创新技术。     

腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除治疗中低位直肠癌的疗效

为探讨腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除（TME）治疗中低位直肠癌的临床疗效,回顾行TME治疗的123例中低位直肠癌患者资料,其中66例于腹腔镜下行TME（观察组）,57例开腹手术行TME（对照组）,对比分析两组手术情况、患者术后恢复情况、围手术期并发症及标本肿瘤学指标等。结果显示,观察组手术时间比对照组长（P〈0．05）;但切口长度、术中出血量、术后VAS评分、肛门排气排便时问及围手术期并发症总发生率比较,观察组均优于对照组（P〈0．05）,且观察组保肛率与对照组相近（P〉0．05）。两组标本的上下切缘均为阴性,标本长度和清除淋巴结数目比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉o．05）。随访至2010年8月,观察组患者术后性功能、排尿功能障碍发生率明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）,两组在死亡、复发和转移方面差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结果表明,腹腔镜下TME治疗中低位直肠癌是安全、可行的,可以达到与传统开腹TME手术一样的远期疗效,且创伤小,患者痛苦小,恢复快。     

低位直肠癌腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除保肛术的临床效果分析

为探讨腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除保肛手术在低位直肠癌治疗中的临床效果,选取本院50例低位直肠癌患者为研究对象,分为常规组与腹腔镜组,各25例。常规组给予传统开腹手术,腹腔镜组给予腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除低位直肠保肛术治疗。观察比较2组治疗情况及术后并发症。结果显示,腹腔镜组患者在肛门排气时间、进食时间、术后离床时间、住院时间等方面均优于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。腹腔镜组术后并发症发生率(4.0%)低于常规组(24.0%);肛门功能优良率(48.0%)高于常规组(32.0%),差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结果表明,低位直肠癌采取腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除保肛术治疗,临床疗效满意,并发症发生率低,肛门功能优良。     

腹腔镜Miles根治术治疗低位直肠癌26例临床报告

目的对比分析腹腔镜手术治疗低位直肠癌的可行性和安全性。方法采用前瞻性研究方案,将51例低位直肠癌患者随机分为两组。对照组行常规开腹Miles根治术,观察组(n=26)采用腹腔镜下Miles根治术进行治疗。对比两组患者的临床手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数目、术后胃肠功能恢复时间及平均住院时间;同时,完成3个月~2年随访,对比术后排尿功能、并发症、复发率、转移率及生存率。结果两组患者的手术时间和淋巴结清扫数目无统计学差异,观察组术中出血量较少、术后胃肠功能恢复时间与住院时间较短,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。所有患者均完成有效随访,观察组排尿功能较高,术后并发症发生率、复发率和转移率较低,且排尿功能和并发症发生率与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。此外,两组患者术后生存曲线无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论腹腔镜Miles根治术治疗低位直肠癌安全可行,且在预后方面,优于传统开腹术,具有临床推广价值。     

全直肠系膜切除、结肠肛管吻合术治疗低位直肠癌84例分析

我院自1995年4月至2000年4月按全直肠系膜切除（total mesoreetal excision，TME）、结肠肛管吻合治疗低位直肠癌84例，在根治直肠癌的同时，又保留了肛门，取得了良好疗效，现报告如下。     

腹腔镜下直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术

目的 探讨腹腔镜下行直肠癌全直肠系膜切除根治术的临床效果。方法 对38例直肠腺癌患者采用腹腔镜下联合应用超声刀循盆筋膜壁层和脏层的间隙行锐性游离全直肠系膜,切除一个不间断的直肠整体标本,并对全组病例随访2年余。结果 38例患者手术顺利,无中转开腹,术后排便、排气时间平均为32h,术后平均住院天数为7．5d。术后随访至今,38例患者均无腹部穿刺口种植,其中2例出现局部复发(1例伴肝转移)。38例患者均无排尿困难,6例患者有性功能减退。结论 腹腔镜下行直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术手术既能有效降低术后局部复发率和保护盆腔自主神经功能,又具有微创优点,值得临床推广。     

腹腔镜全直肠系膜联合经肛门内括约肌切除治疗低位直肠癌的疗效探讨

目的探讨腹腔镜全直肠系膜（TME）联合经肛门内括约肌切除（ISR）治疗低位直肠癌的疗效,评估手术的安全性。方法回顾性分析2009年1月至2012年12月采用腹腔镜TME联合ISR术治疗的42例低位直肠肿瘤患者（腹腔镜组）,同时选取2006年1月至2012年12月开腹行TME联合ISR术治疗的44例低位直肠肿瘤患者（开腹组）。比较分析两组患者的一般资料、手术情况、临床病理特点、术后并发症和术后生活质量。结果两组患者的一般情况和术后临床病理特点相近。腹腔镜组患者均顺利完成手术,总体手术时间（min）明显小于开腹组（181.2±65.4 vs 216.6±82.9,t=2.192,P=0.031）,出血量（ml）亦明显小于开腹组（83.2±37.5 vs 117.4±33.0,t=4.495,P〈0.01）。4例低位直肠癌患者发生吻合口瘘,经保守治疗治愈,并发症发生率与开腹组相比差异无统计学意义。两组患者肛门功能自我评价以及KIRWAN分级差异均无统计学意义。结论对于术前评估早中期低位甚至超低位直肠癌,特别是肿瘤没有侵犯肛门内括约肌的患者,采用腹腔镜TME联合ISR术是安全可行的,提高了保肛成功率,保留患者术后肛门括约肌功能,改善生活质量。     

经肛门腔镜联合腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除治疗中、低位直肠癌

正近年来,采用经肛门全直肠系膜切除术(transanal total mesorectal excision, TaTME)联合腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术(laparoscopic total mesorectal excision,LaTME)治疗中、低位直肠癌的技术发展迅速,很快得到世界各国结肠直肠外科医师的认可。最早在2010年,Atallah等~([1])及Sylla等~([2])先后报     

腹腔镜辅助经肛门全直肠系膜切除术治疗低位直肠癌36例临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助经肛门全直肠系膜切除术(La-Ta TME)治疗低位直肠癌的方法及效果。方法回顾性分析2017-04—2019-12间在濮阳市人民医院接受La-Ta TME治疗的36例低位直肠癌患者的临床资料。结果 36例患者均完成La-Ta TME,其中31例(86.11%)患者成功保肛。手术时间(257.31±17.96)min,术中失血量(63.15±12.05)mL,术后首次下床活动时间(2.03±0.32)d,住院时间(8.74±1.02)d。成功保肛的31例患者中,1例(3.23%)于术后第4天发生吻合口瘘,经充分引流愈合。患者均顺利出院。结论 La-Ta TME治疗低位直肠癌患者,创伤小、保肛率高、并发症少,是一种近期疗效较好、安全和可行的手术方式。     

腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除保肛治疗低位直肠癌(附42例报告)

目的　探讨腹腔镜下完成全直肠系膜切除 (TME)、低位 /超低位 /行结肠 -肛管吻合治疗低位直肠癌的可行性。　方法　按TME原则 ,在腹腔镜下对 4 2例低位直肠癌患者实施低位 /超低位 /结-肛吻合术。　结果　 4 2例腹腔镜TME、低位 /超低位 /结肠 -肛管吻合术均获成功 ,保肛率 10 0 %。手术时间 (110～ 2 10 )分钟 ,平均 12 5分钟 ;术中出血 (5～ 80 )ml,平均 2 0ml;术后 1～ 2天恢复胃肠功能并下床活动 ,住院时间 (5～ 14 )天 ,平均 8天。术后 18例应用了止痛剂 ,术中及术后均无并发症发生。　结论　腹腔镜下行TME低位 /超低位结肠 -肛管吻合术治疗低位直肠癌可行。具有创伤小、出血少、保肛率高、术后疼痛轻、恢复快等优点外 ,对自主神经丛的保护更准确 ,术后肛门括约肌功能、排尿功能良好     

Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer surgery: long-term outcomes

Background: Total mesorectal excision (TME) offers the lowest reported rates of local recurrence and the best survival results in patients with rectal cancer. However, the laparoscopic approach to resection for colorectal cancer remains controversial due to fears that oncologic principles will be compromised. We assessed the feasibility, safety and long-term outcome of laparoscopic rectal cancer resections following the principles of TME. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perioperative outcome and long-term results of laparoscopic TME. Methods: We reviewed the prospective database of 102 consecutive unselected patients undergoing laparoscopic TME for rectal cancer between November 1991 and December 2000. Follow-up was done through office charts or direct patient contact. Recurrence and survival curves were generated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Laparoscopic TME was completed successfully in 99 patients, whereas conversion to an open approach was required in three cases (3%). The overall morbidity and mortality rates were 27% and 2%, respectively, with an overall anastomotic leak rate of 17%. Of the 102 patients, four were excluded from the oncologic evaluation because final pathology was not confirmatory (two had anal canal squamous cell carcinoma and two had villous adenoma with dysplasia). In 90 of the 98 remaining patients (91.8%), the resection was considered curative. The remainder had a palliative resection due to synchronous metastatic disease or locally advanced disease. Mean follow-up was 36 months (range, 6–96). There were no trocar site recurrences. The local recurrence rate was 6%, and the cancer-specific survival of all curatively resected patients was 75% at 5 years. The overall survival rate of all curatively resected patients was 65% at 5 years; mean survival time was 6.23 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.39–7.07). Conclusion: Laparoscopic TME is feasible and safe. The laparoscopic approach to the surgical treatment of operable rectal cancer does not seem to entail any oncologic disadvantages. Presented at the annual meeting of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), New York, NY, USA, 13–16 March 2002     

腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除治疗低位直肠癌的体会

【摘要】〓目的〓总结腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除治疗低位直肠癌的手术体会。方法〓选择我院2007年3月至2012年6月收治的低位直肠癌患者,根据手术方法不同,选择腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除术50例(腹腔镜组)和开腹下实施直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术50例(开腹组),对两组病人术中出血量、手术时间、术后肛门排气时间、住院时间、切除淋巴结总数、住院总费用、随访结果等资料进行对比及临床分析。 结果〓腹腔镜组术中出血量、手术时间、术后肛门排气时间、住院时间均较开腹组少(P均<0.05);术中淋巴结清扫、直肠远切端距癌灶最下缘距离与开腹组没有明显差异(P>0.05);腔镜组的术后并发症及术后复发均较开腹组少(P<0.05)。结论〓腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除治疗低位直肠癌与开腹组相比,腹腔镜组在减少损伤及术后恢复方面优于开腹组。而且腹腹镜组术后复发率低于开腹组。     

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目的　探讨腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除 (TME)治疗低位直肠癌的临床应用价值。方法　回顾性分析2 0 0 1～ 2 0 0 3年 2 7例腹腔镜低位直肠癌手术 ,其中Dixon术式 18例 ,Miles手术 9例。结果　 2 7例手术成功 ,无中转开腹。平均手术时间 (16 0± 2 0 )min ,术中平均失血 (15 0± 15 )mL ,术后平均住院 7d。无术后出血、吻合口瘘 ,术后排尿障碍 1例 ,明显性功能障碍 2例。随访 1～ 2 7个月 ,随访率为 10 0 % ,1例腹腔转移 ,1例肝脏转移 ,无穿刺口及切口转移。结论　TME治疗低位直肠癌安全可行 ,且创伤小 ,疼痛轻 ,恢复快。掌握手术适应证及良好的腹腔镜手术技术和开腹直肠手术经验是手术成功的保证。     

Comparison of short-term efficacy of transanal total mesorectal excision and laparoscopic total mesorectal excision in low rectal cancer

Background/objectiveThe transanal total mesorectal excision(TaTME) of rectal malignancies is largely referred to as treatment of mid to low, especially low rectal cancer. This study was to compare the short-term efficacy of TaTME and laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (LaTME) for low rectal cancer.MethodsA prospective study of patients with low rectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic radical surgery at the General Surgery of Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 was performed. The general information, perioperative results and pathological results of the two groups were compared.ResultsA total of 64 patients were included in the study, 32 in the TaTME group and 32 in the LaTME group. The clinical characteristics of the two groups was comparable (P > 0.05). The operation time in the TaTME group was longer than that in the LaTME group (212.59 ± 28.71min vs 187.66 ± 27.15min, P = 0.001), no significant differences were seen in the conversion rate, intraoperative complications, morbidity, serious morbidity, anastomotic leak, unplanned reoperation and hospital stay(P > 0.05). The circumferential resection margin (CRM) distance in the TaTME group was longer than that in the LaTME group (6.81 ± 2.99 mm vs 5.21 ± 3.06 mm, P = 0.039). The inter-group difference in terms of harvested lymph nodes, mesorectum integrity, CRM involvement, DRM distance, R1 resection, complete remission, pathological T stage, pathological N stage and pathological TNM stage was not significant (P > 0.05).ConclusionsTaTME is a promising surgical technique and maybe offers a safe and feasible alternative to LaTME in managing low rectal cancer.     

腹腔镜与开腹低位直肠癌根治术的疗效对比

目的 评估腹腔镜手术治疗低位直肠癌的临床应用价值、疗效以及安全性.方法 回顾性分析2006年10月至2012年10月在上海市嘉定区中心医院行低位直肠癌根治术的患者143例,根据手术方式分为腹腔镜组(69例)和开腹组(74例),比较两组围手术期及术后生存率情况.结果 腹腔镜组和开腹组在年龄、性别、病理类型、肿瘤分化、肿瘤分期等方面差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);腹腔镜组手术时间(171.4±63.6 min)大于开腹组(146.1±47.1 min),术中出血量(63.4±23.6 mLvs.92.6±31.8 mL)、术后排气时间(2.5±1.3 d vs.3.6±1.1d)、术后留置导尿管时间(4.6±1.9 d vs.6.3±2.2d)腹腔镜组均小于开腹组,腹腔镜组术后总并发症的发生率与开腹组相似(7.0％ vs 13.2％)(P＞0.05),术后吻合口漏率、肺部感染、切口感染、泌尿系感染两组差异无统计学意义;术后随访时间12～60个月,中位随访时间54个月,腹腔镜组和开腹组在术后1年、3年、5年的生存率、无瘤生存率和局部复发率等方面差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 腹腔镜手术治疗低位直肠癌是安全可行的,其远期疗效和开腹手术相似,在对盆腔神经丛的保护和对低位直肠癌的保肛方面可能更有优势,值得推广.     

Total mesorectal excision – 40 years of standard of rectal cancer surgery

Abstract

Total mesorectal excision (TME) was first described 40?years ago by Richard Heald. The purpose of this article is to point out importance of this surgical procedure. Starting from first attempts to surgically cure rectal carcinoma in the nineteenth century through Miles’ operation at the beginning of the twentieth century results were not satisfactory due to high number of local recurrences after resections for rectal cancer. Progress in surgical technique and knowledge of anatomy and embryology of the rectum led to development of TME. Principle of TME is surprisingly simple: removal of the rectum with complete embryonic space containing lymph nodes which are site of primary dissemination of the disease. Main advantages and drawbacks of TME as well as focus on newer procedures developed from the concept of TME are presented in the form of a review.     

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic low anterior resection with total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer

Background With advanced stereoscopic vision, lack of tremor, and the ability to rotate the instruments surgeons find that robotic systems are ideal laparoscopic tools. Because of its high operating cost, however, robotic surgery should be reserved to procedures in which the technology can be of maximum benefit, usually when precise dissections in confined spaces are required. Because conventional laparoscopic total mesorectal excision is a challenging procedure, we have sought to assess the utility of the DaVinci robotic system in laparoscopic low anterior resections for cancer of the rectum. Methods Between November 2004 and May 2005 robotic-assisted low anterior resection with total mesorectal excision was performed on six consecutive patients with rectal cancer. These cases were compared with six consecutive low anterior resections performed with conventional laparoscopic techniques by the same surgeon. Results There were no conversions in either group. Operative and pathological data, complications, and hospital stay were similar in the two groups. Robotic operations appeared to cause less strain for the surgeon. Conclusions Robotic-assisted laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer is feasible in experienced hands. This technique may facilitate minimally invasive radical rectal surgery. Presented, in part, at the 14th International Congress of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons, September 14–17, 2005 San Diego, California.     

腹腔镜与开腹TME保肛术治疗中低位直肠癌的对照研究

目的 评价腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除(TME)保肛术治疗中低位直肠癌的可行性、安全性和治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析2008年2月-2010年6月由同一组手术医师完成的37例腹腔镜TME与45例开腹手术保肛治疗中低位直肠癌患者的临床资料,比较两组的手术情况、并发症及近期疗效.结果 腹腔镜组术中失血量(60.6±20.9) mL、术后肠功能恢复时间(3.3±0.6)d、住院时间(9.2±2.8)d、吻合口瘘等并发症发病率(8.1％)均小于开腹组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).腹腔镜组和开腹组肿瘤下切缘长度(5.1±2.3vs4.3±2.0)cm、淋巴结清扫数(14.5±7.1vs15.1±5.6)枚,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),腹腔镜组和开腹组保肛率分别为(91.9％ vs 73.3％),差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后随访6 ～ 36个月,腹腔镜组和开腹组患者复发率和总生存率分别是10.8％和11.1％、94.6％和91.1％,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 腹腔镜TME保肛手术治疗中低位直肠癌是一种安全的术式,肿瘤根治效果与开腹手术相当,且提高了保肛率,并发症的发病率低,术后恢复情况优于开腹手术,值得临床推广应用.