双眼视差视觉诱发电位与立体视觉的关系初探

作者采用双眼视差视觉诱发电位（VEP）记录了18名正常人和9名斜视患者（立体盲），结果正常人视觉刺激VEP P₁₀₀振幅明显高于非视差刺激者；斜视患者视差刺激与非视差刺激VEP P₁₀₀振幅差异无显著性；正常人视差刺激VEP P₁₀₀振幅增加的幅度值[（DSA-NDA）/NDA]明显高于斜视患者。 （中华眼底病杂志，1992，8：10-13）     

52例糖尿病患者图形视诱发电位检测

作者检测了30例(60眼)正常人和52例(104眼)糖尿病患者(无视网膜病者52眼，非增殖型糖尿病视网膜病变52眼)的图形视诱发电位(PVEP)。结果显示，糖尿病患者PVEP与正常组PVEP之间的差异有显著性(P<0.01)，表现为P₁₀₀潜伏期延长和P₁₀₀波幅值降低。P₁₀₀潜伏期延长与糖尿病病程呈显著正相关。在糖尿病组，PVEP的异常检出率为58.7%，略高于眼底荧光血管造影术异常检出率(54.5%)。因此，PVEP对糖尿病患者在尚无视网膜病变以及只有非增殖期视网膜损害者的检测，具有一定的临床应用价值。 （中华眼底病杂志，1995，11：162-164）     

青光眼和高眼压症的象限图形视觉诱发电位

目的：探讨青光眼患者视觉电生理与视野改变的关系。 方法：对青光眼30例50眼、高眼压症14侧28眼、正常对照组35人70眼进行象形图形视觉诱发电位(象限PVEP)检测及视野检查。 结果：青光眼各象限LP₁₀₀延长、AP₁₀₀下降，高眼压症患者有部分眼各象限LP₁₀₀延长，青光眼组鼻上、鼻下LP₁₀₀的异常串高于颞上，颞下，高眼压症组鼻上、颞上_^LP100的异常率高于鼻下、颞下。．象限PVEP的变化与视野、杯盘直径比(C/D)改变程度相关． 结论：年限PVEP易改变部位与早期青光眼视野缺损的部位相符。象限PVEP检测对青光眼病情估计，随访有一定意义。 （中华眼底病杂志，1996，12：114-115）     

老年性黄斑变性的多焦视网膜电图改变

目的 测试并比较正常人和老年性黄斑变性患者的多焦视网膜电图。方法 应用美国EDI公司生产的VERIS science 4.0 视诱发反应图象系统对17例20只正常眼、7例10只老年性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD）干性型眼,8例　8只AMD湿性型眼和11例11只特发性黄斑裂孔(idiopathic macular hole,IMH)眼进行检测。将各组老年性黄斑变性者6个环形视网膜区域的N₁、P ₁波潜伏期和平均反应密度值与正常对照组进行比较。 结果 AMD湿性型各环N₁、P ₁ 波潜伏期和AMD干性型3～6环处N₁波潜伏期明显长于正常人。AMD湿性型在1～4环处N₁波和1～6环处P ₁波平均反应密度值下降,AMD干性型在1～5环处N₁波和1～6环处P ₁波平均反应密度值下降,IMH者在1～2环处N₁、1～3环处P ₁波平均反应密度值低于正常人。 结论 多焦视网膜电图可对老年视网膜穿孔黄斑变性部位进行视功能的定量检测。(中华眼底病杂志,2000,16:224-226)     

正常人和二色视者的光谱视诱发电位

对13例（25眼）正常人，4例（8眼）先天性红色盲和8例（15眼）先天性绿色盲进行440~620nm波长范围15种单色光图像翻转刺激的光谱视诱发电们（光谱VEP）测定。正常人最短的N₁ 、P₁、N₂潜伏期位于560nm而最大的N₁-P₁和P₁-N₂振幅位于560~570nm；随着刺激光波长增加或降低，潜伏期逐渐增加而振幅逐渐降低。先天性绿色盲光谱VEP各波较短潜伏期和较大振幅也出现于560~570nm处，但与正常人相比，600~620nm处各波潜伏期延长。先天性红色盲则分别在520~530nm和570nm处潜伏期较短而振幅较大，形成双谷样和双峰样改变；最短潜伏期和最大振幅位地520~530nm处。与正常人比较，较短潜伏期和较大振幅向短波端移位。 （中华眼底病杂志，1995，11：165-168）     

视网膜震荡伤眼的多焦视网膜电图改变

目的 观察视网膜震荡伤眼的黄斑区视 网膜功能，评价多焦视网膜电图（mf-ERG）对视网膜震荡伤的诊断价值。 方法 采用德国Roland公司生产的RETI scan 3.15系统对31例单眼视网膜震荡伤患者的伤 眼（伤眼组）和对侧健眼（对侧健眼组）进行检测。记录61个部位反应，比较分析视网膜后 极部不同区域的N₁(第1个负波)、P₁波(第1个正波)平均反应振幅密度。 结果 伤眼组N₁波1～4环平均反应振幅密度、P₁波1～5环平均反应振幅密度明显低 于对侧健眼组。 结论 视网膜震荡伤眼病变区域N₁、P₁波平均反应 振幅密度下降；mf-ERG能对视网膜震荡伤患眼局部视功能进行定量定位测定。（中华眼底病杂志，2004，20：226-228）     

Stargardt病的多焦视网膜电图

目的观察Stargardt病多焦视网膜电图(multi-focal electrore tinogram, mERG)变化特点。方法用VERIS 4.0视觉诱发反应成像系统 ,对7例Stargardt病患者的14只患眼进行mERG测定,并与正常对照者的mERG检查结果进行比较。结果接受检查的所有Stargardt病患眼的mERG均有显著异常,各部位mERG N₁、P₁波振幅明显降低 ,潜伏期明显延长(P<0.01);不同部位N₁、P₁振幅降低程度不一致,以中心凹振幅降低最为显著,平均振幅分别只相当于正常人的19%和10%,随着离心度的增大,振幅差异逐渐减小;患者mERG地形图可分为中心降低型和弥漫降低型2种形式。结论Stargardt病的mERG有明显异常改变,表现为黄斑中心凹功能损害最严重。(中华眼底病杂志,2001,17:271-273)     

视网膜前膜和视网膜下膜内激活淋巴细胞的研究

目的：探讨视网膜前膜(epiretinal membranes，ERMs)和视网膜下膜(subretinal membranes，SRMs)内淋巴细胞是否被激活及其免疫反应的作用。 方法：用一组单克隆抗体—抗CD₂₅(激活T细胞)、抗CD₂₃(激活B细胞)、抗CD₆₈(巨噬细胞)和抗人类白细胞抗原Ⅱ类抗原(human leukocyte antigen Ⅱantigen，HLA—DR)调查了增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(prliferative vitreoretinopathy，PVR)、外伤性PVR和继发性牵引性视网膜脱离的ERMs20例，PVR和外伤性PVR SRMs各1例。 结果：ERMsCD₂₃和CD₂₅阳性各4例，SRMsCD₂₃和CD₂₅阳性各l例。CD₆₈和HLA—DR在所有标本均为阳性。 结论：在ERMs和SRMs可能存在着T、B细胞介导的异常免疫反应，这种反应在上述疾病的发生发展中可能起着重要作用。 （中华眼底病杂志，1996，12：147-150）     

青光眼术后应用神经生长因子的疗效分析

目的：运用Meta分析方法对青光眼术后采用神经生长因子(NGF)治疗的疗效进行系统性评价。

方法：按Cochrane系统评价方法,全面检索数据库,纳入2015-01/2019-02关于青光眼术后采用NGF治疗的随机对照研究,使用Revman 5.3统计软件进行资料提取与Meta分析。

结果：共纳入6项随机对照研究,均为中文文献,共计患者513例。疗程结束后,其中5项研究进行了视力检测,6项研究进行了眼压检测,差异均无统计学意义\〖MD=0.10,95%CI(-0.05,0.25),P=0.19; MD=-0.90,95%CI(-1.92,0.11),P=0.08\〗; 5项研究进行了视野检测,3项研究进行了图像视觉诱发电位(VEP)检测(P100波潜伏期、P100波振幅),差异均有统计学意义\〖MD=-2.49,95%CI(-4.02,-0.96),P=0.001; MD=-12.13,95%CI(-17.30,-6.97),P<0.001; MD=1.34,95%CI(0.93,1.74),P<0.001\〗。

结论：NGF对青光眼患者术后视力改善,眼压降低的效果不明显,但对改善视野、VEP P100波潜伏期、P100波振幅的作用明显,具有一定的治疗优势。     

多焦图形视觉诱发电位在视野 不同区域的分布特性 

目的探讨多焦图形视诱发电位在视野不同区域的分布特性。方法用VERIS Science^TM4.0电生理记录系统记录14例正常人的多焦图形视诱发电位(visual evoked po tential,VEP)。刺激图形为带图形的飞镖盘, 以伪随机二元m-系列对26°视野范围的60个不同部位进行图形翻转刺激。电极安放采用枕部的双极记录。分析2次反应的第1片。把60个小块的反应组合成不同的区域进行分析比较。 结果上半视野和下半视野的多焦VEP反应极性相反,上半视野P₁波潜伏期较长,反应密度较低。随离心度增加,多焦VEP反应密度降低。水平区域的多焦VEP反应与垂直区域有不同。 结论用多焦VEP方法可以在短时间内记录到视野范围内多个不同部位的VEP反应。视野不同区域的多焦VEP各有其特点。 (中华眼底病杂志,2001,17:280-283)     

Visual function in human ocular toxoplasmosis

AIM: To assess functional impairment in terms of visual acuity reduction and visual field defects in inactive ocular toxoplasmosis. METHODS: 61 patients with known ocular toxoplasmosis in a quiescent state were included in this prospective, cross-sectional study. A complete ophthalmic examination, retinal photodocumentation and standard automated perimetry (Octopus perimeter, program G2) were performed. Visual acuity was classified on the basis of the World Health Organization definition of visual impairment and blindness: normal (> or =20/25), mild (20/25 to 20/60), moderate (20/60 to 20/400) and severe (<20/400). Visual field damage was correspondingly graded as mild (mean defect <4 dB), moderate (mean defect 4-12 dB) or severe (mean defect >12 dB). RESULTS: 8 (13%) patients presented with bilateral ocular toxoplasmosis. Thus, a total of 69 eyes was evaluated. Visual field damage was encountered in 65 (94%) eyes, whereas only 28 (41%) eyes had reduced visual acuity, showing perimetric findings to be more sensitive in detecting chorioretinal damage (p<0.001). Correlation with the clinical localisation of chorioretinal scars was better for visual field (in 70% of the instances) than for visual acuity (33%). Moderate to severe functional impairment was registered in 65.2% for visual field, and in 27.5% for visual acuity. CONCLUSION: In its quiescent stage, ocular toxoplasmosis was associated with permanent visual field defects in >94% of the eyes studied. Hence, standard automated perimetry may better reflect the functional damage encountered by ocular toxoplasmosis than visual acuity.     

The normal response process of the dynamic topography of pattern visual evoked potentials

The dynamic topography of pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEPs) were studied in 20 normal subjects. PVEPs, recorded from 16 electrodes referenced to balanced non-cephalic electrode (BNE), were elicited by a binocular checkerboard pattern (15 min) that alternated at 1 Hz rate on a 14 x 8.5 degree TV monitor 1m distant from the eyes. N70, P100, N100, N150 and P200 components were recorded each time. In 65% of subjects the P100 components appeared in the lateral region in 120-150 msec. In flash VEP, the P100 component did not appear in the lateral region. Recorded on lateral electrodes, N100 components first appeared in the deep frontal region and gradually distributed throughout the frontal region while the P100 component was localized at the occipital pole. In the focused state, the peak latency of the N100 component was the same as that of the P100 component, but in the moderately defocused state, the peak latency of the N100 component was delayed compared with that of the P100 component. This study suggested that the appearance of the P100 component in the lateral region is related to form recognition, and that the N100 component is not the inverse dipole of the P100 component.     

经瞳孔温热疗法治疗湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性的参数研究

目的评价三种不同参数的经瞳孔温热疗法(transpupillarythermotherapy,TTT)治疗湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-relatedmaculardegeneration,ARMD)的疗效。方法2002年4月～2005年1月在我科确诊为ARMD渗出型患者24例32眼,男性17例25眼,女性7例7眼,年龄47～84岁(平均67.96岁)。其中17位患者(隐匿性CNV9眼、典型性及典型性为主型10眼)接受TTT治疗,按采取的能量参数分为100%能量组(7眼)、80%能量组(5眼)、70%能量组(7眼),其余7例13眼不接受任何治疗手段的患者作为无治疗组列为观察对象。术后对眼底改变、视力、眼底血管造影复查,随访6～37个月(平均21.65个月)观察疗效并进行统计分析。结果至末次复查时所有接受TTT治疗的19只患眼的出血、水肿、渗出消失、病灶斑痕化。100%能量组,80%能量组以及70%能量组视力提高的患眼比例相比较,均无统计学显著差异(分别为p=0.523,p=1.000,p=1.000)。治疗组(包括100%能量组,80%能量组以及70%能量组)与无治疗组视力下降的患眼比例相比较,有统计学显著差异(p=0.002)。治疗组与无治疗组视力提高的患眼比例相比较,无统计学显著差异(p=0.361)。结论TTT对隐匿型和经典型CNV均有稳定患眼视力的作用。目前选择该研究中80%能量组的参数,可以在安全性和有效性上得到进一步完善,仍有待更多病例的证实。     

Repeatability of short-duration transient visual evoked potentials in normal subjects

To evaluate the within-session and inter-session repeatability of a new, short-duration transient visual evoked potential (SD-tVEP) device on normal individuals, we tested 30 normal subjects (20/20 visual acuity, normal 24-2 SITA Standard VF) with SD-tVEP. Ten of these subjects had their tests repeated within 1–2 months from the initial visit. Synchronized single-channel EEG was recorded using a modified Diopsys Enfant™ System (Diopsys, Inc., Pine Brook, New Jersey, USA). A checkerboard stimulus was modulated at two reversals per second. Two different contrasts of checkerboard reversal patterns were used: 85% Michelson contrast with a mean luminance of 66.25 cd/m² and 10% Michelson contrast with a mean luminance of 112 cd/m². Each test lasted 20 s. Both eyes, independently and together, were tested 10 times (5 times at each contrast level). The following information was identified from the filtered N75-P100-N135 complex: N75 amplitude, N75 latency, P100 amplitude, P100 latency, and Delta Amplitude (N75-P100). The median values for each eye’s five SD-tVEP parameters were calculated and grouped into two data sets based on contrast level. Mean age was 27.3 ± 5.2 years. For OD only, the median (95% confidence intervals) of Delta Amplitude (N75-P100) amplitudes at 10% and 85% contrast were 4.6 uV (4.1–5.9) and 7.1 uV (5.15–9.31). The median P100 latencies were 115.2 ms (112.0–117.7) and 104.0 ms (99.9–106.0). There was little within-session variability for any of these parameters. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged between 0.64 and 0.98, and within subject coefficients of variation were 3–5% (P100 latency) and 15–30% (Delta Amplitude (N75-P100) amplitude). Bland–Altman plots showed good agreement between the first and fifth test sessions (85% contrast Delta Amplitude (N75-P100) delta amplitude, mean difference, 0.48 mV, 95% CI, −0.18–1.12; 85% contrast P100 latency delay, −0.82 ms, 95% CI, −3.12–1.46; 10% contrast Delta Amplitude (N75-P100) amplitude, 0.58 mV, 95% CI, −0.27–1.45; 10% contrast P100 latency delay, −2.05 mV, 95% CI, −5.12–1.01). The inter-eye correlation and agreement were significant for both SD-tVEP amplitude and P100 latency measurements. For the subset of eyes in which the inter-session repeatability was tested, the intraclass correlation coefficients ranged between 0.71 and 0.86 with good agreement shown on Bland–Altman plots. Short-duration transient VEP technology showed good within-session, inter-session repeatability, and good inter-eye correlation and agreement.     

左旋多巴对弱视患者色觉的影响

目的 初步探讨左旋多巴对弱视患者色觉的影响,揭示其可能存在的色觉恢复机制.方法 前瞻性随机对照研究.选取2014年1月至2015年2月中山大学中山眼科中心门诊常规配镜后符合单眼弱视的初诊患者55例(110眼),年龄5～12周岁.按随机数字表法分为对照组27例(54眼)和左旋多巴组28例(56眼),对照组予配镜+遮盖健眼治疗,左旋多巴组予配镜+遮盖健眼+口服左旋多巴治疗,连续治疗3个月后分别检查2组患者的双眼视力、屈光状态、颜色图形视觉诱发电位(CP-VEP).视力与FM-100 Hue色觉测试相关性采用Spearman等级相关性分析,治疗前后CP-VEP的波幅及潜伏期变化采用独立样本t检验.结果 完成研究46例,其中对照组21例,治疗组25例:①优势眼视力与总错误分值平方根不相关(r=-0.015,P＞0.05),弱视眼视力与总错误分值平方根呈负相关(r=-0.298,P＜0.05).②左旋多巴组和对照组在红/灰棋盘格的刺激下,治疗前后P100潜伏期缩短时间的差异有统计学意义(t=2.258,P＜0.05);在黑/白(t=2.642,P＜0.05)、红/灰(t=2.861,P＜0.01)、绿/灰(t=2.526,P＜0.05)、红/绿(t=2.281,P＜0.05)4种颜色棋盘格刺激下,治疗前后N75-P100波幅增加幅度的差异具有统计学意义.③2组视力评价为治疗无效的弱视眼,在红/灰(t=2.113,P＜0.05)、绿/灰(t=2.085,P＜0.05)颜色棋盘格刺激下,治疗前后P100潜伏期缩短时间的差异有统计学意义.在黑/白(t=2.531,P＜0.05)、绿/灰(t=2.229,P＜0.05)、红/绿(t=2.374,P＜0.05)3种颜色棋盘格的刺激下,2组治疗无效的弱视眼N75-P100波幅增加幅度的差异有统计学意义.结论 服用左旋多巴后,CP-VEP出现潜伏期和波幅的改变与治疗效果之间有密切关系.左旋多巴能改善部分色觉功能,但具体机制尚未明确.     

The neurophysiologic significance of frontal negativity in pattern-reversal visual-evoked potentials.

To demonstrate that the frontal negative potential (N100) does exist in response to pattern-reversal visual stimulation and its independence of the dipole source from the major occipital positive potential (P100), modifications of P100 and N100 with changes in the check size, contrast, and luminance of the stimulus pattern were studied in healthy subjects. Eight different check sizes (10-90 min of arc), eight different contrast levels (10-85%), and six different luminance levels (11-180 cd/m2) were used. Changing the stimulus conditions modified the latencies and amplitudes of P100 and N100 in different ways. P100 latency had a band pass spatial tuning function against check size; N100 latency did not. P100 was sensitive to changes in contrast and luminance; N100 was less dependent on these parameters. These findings suggest the existence of different physiologic properties for N100. Consequently, frontal negativity is considered to be independent of P100.     

The Parameters of Pattern Visual Evoked Potential in the Severe Visual Loss Patients in Korean

PurposeTo compare the characteristics of the pattern visual evoked potential (PVEP) in patients with severe visual loss and normal controls, and to demonstrate the range of PVEP parameters in normal Koreans.MethodsThe patients were divided into three groups according to visual acuity: group 1, ranging from no light perception to less than 0.02; group 2, ranging from 0.02 to 0.1; and group 3, ranging from 0.125 to 0.25. Group 4 was established as a healthy control group. The 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the PVEP parameters were calculated for group 4. The PVEP parameters were compared among these four groups, and the amplitudes were evaluated with respect to the 95% CIs. We used the area under the curve to integrate the sensitivity and the specificity of the PVEP parameter quantitative values (7.01 to 9.57 µV and 6.75 to 10.11 µV).ResultsA total of 101 eyes were investigated. The 95% CIs of the P100 and N135 amplitudes of group 4 were 7.01 to 9.57 µV and 6.75 to 10.11 µV, respectively. The amplitudes of P100 and N135 were significantly higher in group 4 (p < 0.001). The P100 and N135 amplitude were below the 95% CI in all group 1 patients. The area under the curve of the P100 amplitude was the highest (0.789).ConclusionsNo legally blind patient in the present study exhibited a value within the 95% CI of the controls. The P100 amplitude may be the best parameter for defining blindness in patients.     

Clinician versus potential acuity test predictions of visual outcome after cataract surgery

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the ability of potential vision tests and clinical judgement to predict postoperative visual acuity after uneventful cataract surgery.MethodsSixty-two subjects (median, 74.5 years) were included in the study. Preoperative measurements included a clinical judgement prediction (based on case history and ocular examination alone), 2 super-illuminated pinhole techniques (distance and near), Potential Acuity Meter and interferometer. Postoperative visual acuity was used as the outcome measure to evaluate the accuracy of the preoperative predictions.ResultsSubjects were categorized as follows: (a) moderate cataract (N = 25); (b) moderate cataract and comorbidity (N = 18), and (c) advanced cataract (N = 19). Preoperative predictions within 2 lines of the postoperative visual acuity were as follows (a, b, and c respectively): clinical judgement (92%, 72%, 58%), super-illuminated pinhole distance (96%, 100%, 21%), super-illuminated pinhole near (92%, 78%, 26%), Potential Acuity Meter (72%, 67%, 21%), and interferometer (56%, 61%, 37%).ConclusionsBased on the preoperative predictions above, none of the potential vision tests was useful compared with the clinical judgement in the advanced cataract group. The super-illuminated pinhole (distance) provided additional information beyond clinical judgement in the moderate cataract subgroup. The Potential Acuity Meter and interferometer were inaccurate even in the presence of moderate cataract, and this and other recent findings suggest they should no longer be considered adequate for potential vision assessment.     

Diagnostic accuracy of the Moorfields Regression Analysis using the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph in glaucoma patients with visual field defects

PURPOSE: This study was designed to determine the specificity and sensitivity of the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph I (HRT) using the Moorfields Regression Analysis (MRA) in differentiating healthy from glaucomatous eyes. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 74 eyes of 37 healthy subjects and 87 eyes of 47 glaucoma patients were examined with Octopus standard automated perimetry and HRT. Only one eye per patient was used for statistical analysis. According to visual field index mean defect (MD) glaucoma patients were divided into three groups with early (MD < 6 dB), moderate (6 dB < MD < 12 dB), and advanced visual field loss (MD > 12 dB). The sensitivity and specificity of optic nerve head examinations using the MRA of HRT were evaluated by two criteria (criteria 1, as diseased if classified by MRA as outside normal limits; criteria 2, as diseased if classified by MRA as borderline). The correlations between the topographic parameters and visual field index MD were measured by correlation coefficient and presented by scatter plot. RESULTS: The specificity and sensitivity of HRT-MRA examination were, respectively, 100% and 68.1% when borderline cases were considered normal (criteria 1) and 97.3% and 85.1% when borderline cases were considered glaucomatous (criteria 2). The sensitivity of the MRA in eyes with different stages of visual field loss was 59.1% for early, 54.5% for moderate, and 92.8% for advanced visual field loss with criteria 1; the figures were, respectively, 81.8%, 72.7%, and 100% with criteria 2. The statistically significant correlations with moderate strength of association (r = 0.40-0.59) were found for rim area, rim volume, cup to disc area ratio, mean retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and RNFL cross-sectional area. CONCLUSIONS: The MRA showed an excellent specificity and good sensitivity using criteria 2 including as glaucomatous optic discs those classified by MRA as borderline. Although correlations of moderate strength were found between rim area, rim volume, mean RNFL thickness, RNFL cross-sectional area, and visual field index MD, great interindividual variation limits the prediction of one parameter from the other. Therefore, in clinical practice both structural and functional examinations should be performed in order to characterize glaucomatous damage.     

Results of late surgery for presumed congenital cataracts.

We reviewed the results of cataract extraction and visual rehabilitation in 76 eyes of 47 infants and children with presumed congenital cataracts who were first seen after they were 10 months old. Eighteen patients underwent surgery for unilateral cataracts, including five patients with persistent hyperplastic vitreous, five with posterior lenticonus, one with a nuclear cataract, six with posterior subcapsular cataracts, and one with a lamellar cataract. Of these 18 patients, seven (39%) attained a visual acuity of 20/60 or better, one (6%) had a visual acuity of 20/100, and ten (60%) had a visual acuity of 20/200 or worse. Twenty-nine patients (62 eyes) underwent bilateral cataract extraction. The visual acuity could be measured in 22 patients (44 eyes). Visual acuity improved to 20/60 or better in 32 eyes (73%), was between 20/70 and 20/150 in 11 eyes (25%), and became worse than 20/200 in one eye (2%). Results were good in patients with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, posterior lenticonus, and bilateral cataracts.