茶多酚对精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡的影响

目的:研究茶多酚对精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡的影响,分析茶多酚对精索静脉曲张大鼠生精功能是否具有保护作用。方法:清洁级青春期Wistar大鼠32只随机分为4组,每组8只:假手术组(仅模拟手术过程,不结扎血管)、模型组(建立左精索静脉曲张模型)、茶多酚低剂量组[建立精索静脉曲张模型并给予10 mg/(kg·d)茶多酚干预]、茶多酚高剂量组[建立精索静脉曲张模型并给予40 mg/(kg·d)茶多酚干预]。建立左侧精索静脉曲张模型4周后,假手术组及模型组均给予生理盐水1 ml/100 g,茶多酚低剂量组及茶多酚高剂量组分别给予茶多酚10 mg/kg(用生理盐水配置成浓度为1 mg/ml)和40 mg/kg(用生理盐水配置成浓度为4 mg/ml),灌胃,1次/日,持续4周。4周后4组大鼠均处死并分别取左侧睾丸组织,检测低氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)、Bcl-2、Bax、细胞色素C(Cyt C)和caspase-3在睾丸组织中的表达及生精细胞的凋亡并计算凋亡指数(AI)。结果:茶多酚干预组大鼠Bcl-2表达高于模型组(110.03±3.07),低于假手术组(154.18±2.96);茶多酚低剂量组大鼠Bcl-2(127.67±1.28)表达低于茶多酚高剂量组(136.41±1.95),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。茶多酚干预组大鼠HIF-1、Bax、Cyt C和caspase-3的表达低于模型组,高于假手术组;茶多酚低剂量组大鼠HIF-1、Bax、Cyt C和caspase-3的表达高于茶多酚高剂量组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。假手术组AI最低,茶多酚干预组AI低于模型组,茶多酚高剂量组AI低于茶多酚低剂量组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:茶多酚能显著降低精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸生精细胞的凋亡。     

生精冲剂对实验性精索静脉曲张大鼠生精细胞凋亡状况的影响

目的:探讨实验性精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡状况以及生精冲剂对其凋亡的影响。方法:将60只成年雄性W istar大鼠随机抽出20只为对照组,其余按石津和彦改良法制成左精索静脉曲张大鼠模型,再随机分为模型组20只,治疗组20只。用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的原位缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)检测睾丸生精细胞凋亡。结果:模型组大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡指数明显高于对照组(P<0.01)和治疗组(P<0.01),治疗组与对照组比较有明显差异(P<0.01)。结论:实验性精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡增加,这可能是影响生育力的机制之一;生精冲剂能够减少精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡,对睾丸生精功能具有保护作用,进而可提高睾丸的生殖能力。     

实验性精索静脉曲张对大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡的影响

目的 :探讨大鼠精索静脉曲张对睾丸生精细胞凋亡的影响 ,阐明精索静脉曲张引起不育的病理机制。　方法 :选用雄性SD大鼠 32只 ,随机分为假手术组、4 5d模型组、6 0d模型组及 90d模型组。采用肾静脉缩窄法建立精索静脉曲张动物模型 ,流式细胞术分别检测各组大鼠睾丸凋亡细胞数及各级生精细胞数。　结果 :假手术组未出现明显的凋亡峰 ,各模型组均出现明显的凋亡峰 ,且随着造模时间的延长凋亡峰增高。　结论 :精索静脉曲张可引起睾丸生精细胞大量凋亡 ,各级生精细胞数减少 ,这可能是精索静脉曲张引起睾丸生精功能障碍从而导致不育的根本机制     

精索静脉曲张导致睾丸生精细胞增殖与凋亡的变化

精索静脉曲张（VC）是男性不育的原因之一，在正常人群中VC的发生率为15％～17％，而不育者中VC的发生率占30％～40％。本研究旨在通过观察左侧VC患者双侧睾丸生殖细胞的增殖、凋亡的变化，探讨该病的病理生理机制。     

精索静脉曲张大鼠生精细胞凋亡与caspase-3蛋白的表达

目的:探讨caspase-3在精索静脉曲张大鼠生精细胞中的表达及其与生精细胞凋亡的关系。方法:雄性SD大鼠24只,随机分为假手术组(SOG)、30 d术后组(PG1)、60 d术后组(PG2),每组8只。建立左精索静脉曲张模型,TUNEL法检测生精细胞凋亡,免疫组化SABC法检测caspase-3表达。结果:SOG、PG1、PG2大鼠左、右侧睾丸每生精小管截面caspase-3阳性细胞数分别为0.117 5±0.012 9、0.246 3±0.042 1、0.293 8±0.051 1及0.165 0±0.019 2、0.253 8±0.021 9、0.277 5±0.034 3。与SOG相比,PG1和PG2组大鼠双侧睾丸生精细胞caspase-3表达均增加,差异有显著性(P=0.011 5及P=0.014 4)。结论:精索静脉曲张可能是大鼠生精细胞caspase-3表达增加且生精细胞凋亡增多的机制之一。     

生精冲剂对精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸生精功能的作用

目的:探讨生精冲剂对精索静脉曲张睾丸损伤的作用.方法:观察生精冲剂对实验性精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸组织结构、超微结构的影响.测定各组实验大鼠睾丸SOD、CAT、ACE活性和LPO、NO含量.结果:治疗组鼠睾丸组织结构与超微结构的损害程度明显低于模型组;SOD、CAT、ACE活性测定值明显高于模型组,LPO、NO含量明显低于模型组(P<0.05).结论:生精冲剂对精索静脉曲张造成的睾丸损害有保护作用,其提高精液质量和生育率的机制可能与抗脂质过氧化和增强抗氧化酶活性有关.     

大鼠睾丸局部热作用对生精细胞凋亡的影响

目的 :研究大鼠睾丸局部受热后生精细胞凋亡的情况。　方法 :70只雄性SD大鼠随机分为热处理组 ( 43℃ )和对照组 ( 2 2℃ ) ,分别按睾丸局部处理后 12h、1d、3d、6d、10d、5 0d和 80d分成 7个亚组。应用电镜、流式细胞术和原位末端标记法 (TUNEL) ,检测各亚组大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡情况。　结果 :电镜显示热处理各组均出现生精细胞凋亡表现 ;流式细胞术检测发现热处理各组亚单倍体细胞百分率明显升高 (P <0 .0 1) ;TUNEL法显示热处理各组生精细胞凋亡率明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,各类生精细胞对热的敏感性不同。　结论 :大鼠睾丸局部受热后生精细胞凋亡增加 ,初级精母细胞受热后最敏感 ,其次为精子细胞和精子 ,并且精原细胞凋亡在受热后一个长时期内均有增加     

中药生精冲剂对精索静脉曲张大鼠的治疗

目的：研究中药生精冲剂对大鼠精索静脉曲张的影响及疗效。方法：从80只SD雄性大鼠中随机抽出20只作为假手术组，余60只均建立精索静脉曲张病理模型后随机均分为模型组、生精冲剂组和克罗米芬组。造模后15d生精冲剂组和克罗米酚组分别给予生精冲剂4g/（kg·d）和克罗米芬20mg/（kg·d）灌胃，模型组和假手术组正常喂食。造模后45d放免法测定血清性激素（FSH、LH和T）及观察各组大鼠睾丸组织结构。结果：生精冲剂组大鼠光镜下睾丸组织结构优于模型组和克罗米芬组；血清FSH、LH生精冲剂组显著低于模型组和克罗米芬组（P〈0.05），而克罗米芬组显著高于其他3组。T在生精冲剂组、克罗米芬组和假手术组之间无显著差异，但均显著高于模型组（P〈0.05）。结论：中药生精冲剂对精索静脉曲张引起的睾丸损害有保护及修复作用，且可能优于克罗米芬。     

Effect of local testicular heating on spermatogenic cell apoptosis in rats

Aim: To study the effect of testicular local heating on spermatoge-nic cell apoptosis in rats. Methods: Seventy male SD rats were divided into the heat-treated and the control groups. The former was exposed to heat (43 ℃) for 12 hours. Each group was further divided into seven subgroups with respect to the time of observation after heat exposure, i.e., 12 h and 1 days, 3 days, 6 days, 10 days, 50 days and 80 days, respectively. In each subgroup, sper-matogenic cell apoptosis was examined by means of electron microscopy, flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl trans-ferase-mediated dUDP-nick end labeling (TUNEL) methods. Results: The percentage of cells with sub-haploid and the percentage of positive TUNEL cells were significantly higher in the heat-treated groups than in the controls (P<0.01). The reaction of cell apoptosis to local heat was highly selective: spermatocytes were the most sensitive, followed by spermatids, spermatozoa and sper-matogonia in a decreasing order. Conclusion: Local testic     

Effect of experimental varicocele in rats on testicular oxidative stress status

The present experiments were undertaken to determine the levels of MDA, SOD and catalase in the testis of adolescent rats with experimental left varicoceles. Male Wistar rats, 7 weeks old and weighing 160-170 g, were randomly allocated into three groups. The first group of rats underwent partial ligation of the left renal vein (n = 15). The second group of rats underwent a sham operation (n = 7) and the third group acted as controls (n = 7). Animals were sacrificed 6 weeks after surgery and dilatation of the internal spermatic veins was observed. Levels of MDA, SOD and catalase activity were measured in testis. The experimental left varicocele group showed severe testicular changes compared to other groups. The mean MDA (SEM) levels in right and left testicular tissues of varicocele bearing rats, sham-operated rats, and control rats were 0.48 +/- 0.24 and 0.31 +/- 0.11, 0.22 +/- 0.02 and 0.35 +/- 0.12, 0.62 +/- 0.29 and 0.13 +/- 0.05, respectively (P > 0.05). The mean SOD (SEM) levels in right and left testicular tissues of varicocele bearing rats, sham-operated rats, and control rats were 7,790 +/- 606 and 6,974 +/- 574, 7,475 +/- 1,517 and 7020 +/- 1,106, 8,727 +/- 1,188 and 9,019 +/- 1,129, respectively (P > 0.05). The mean catalase (SEM) levels in right and left testicular tissues of varicocele bearing rats,sham-operated rats, and control rats were 75.77 +/- 11.5 and 53.82 +/- 10.1, 91.94 +/- 14 and 94.90 +/- 32, 65.40 +/- 5.7 and 90.93 +/- 16.4, respectively (P > 0.05). Our results suggest that oxidative status, which reflects a relative balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated and ROS scavenged, may not be responsible for the testicular dysfunction associated with experimentally induced varicocele during adolescence in rats.     

营养性肥胖对青春期雄性大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡的影响

目的:探讨营养性肥胖对青春期雄性大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡的影响。方法:健康雄性W istar大鼠40只,随机分为两组,每组20只,对照组给予普通饲料喂养,高脂组用高脂、高热量饲料喂养建立营养性肥胖大鼠模型,10周末处死大鼠摘取睾丸。全自动生化分析仪(ACA)检测外周血总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C);光镜观察睾丸组织病理学改变;TUNEL检测睾丸组织凋亡细胞;免疫组化法检测Bc l-2和Bax蛋白的分布和表达;RT-PCR法检测睾丸组织Bc l-2 mRNA和Bax mRNA的表达。结果:高脂组TC、TG、HDL-C和LDL-C(5.17±0.17、1.18±0.09、1.76±0.11、5.08±0.18)较对照组(1.38±0.12、0.39±0.05、0.97±0.07、0.75±0.06)显著升高(P<0.05);高脂组生精细胞凋亡指数(37.17±2.74)较对照组(5.16±0.81)显著升高(P<0.01),凋亡细胞以精原细胞和精母细胞为主;高脂组Bax蛋白和Bax mRNA(153.26±8.74、1.08±0.12)表达较对照组(101.81±6.14、0.37±0.04)明显升高(P<0.01);高脂组Bc l-2蛋白和Bc l-2 mRNA(139.26±7.21、0.46±0.05)表达较对照组(159.37±8.96、1.05±0.11)明显降低(P<0.01)。结论:营养性肥胖诱导大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡增多,其机制可能与Bc l-2表达降低和Bax表达升高相关。     

Effects of aescin on testicular repairment in rats with experimentally induced varicocele

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of aescin treatment in a rodent model treated with an experimentally induced varicocele. Experimental varicocele was induced by partial ligation of the left renal vein of rats. Aescin administration was performed daily for 4 weeks after the varicocele induction. Seven weeks later, a contrast‐enhanced ultrasound was performed of the rats' testis to assess testicular blood flow. The animals were sacrificed, and H&E staining was then used to evaluate testicular pathological changes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes density. Cauda epididymal sperm counts and motility were evaluated. Blood was collected for the measurement of follicle‐stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone and testosterone. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound showed that there were significant decreases in testicular blood flow in the aescin‐treated groups compared with those in control varicocele group. Testicular oedema was detected in those rats treated with a varicocele but without aescin, while no oedema was found in the experimental group. H&E staining showed dysfunctional spermatogenesis in both cohorts; however, polymorphonuclear leucocytes density was significantly reduced in aescin‐treated groups. There was an increase in sperm counts of the aescin‐treated groups. Our study demonstrated that aescin could exert therapeutical effects on reversal of testicular lesions in varicocele rats.     

受体激素水平对未成熟睾丸移植物中生精细胞的生长发育影响

目的 采用已建立的未成熟睾丸组织异体异位移植模型,研究受体小鼠激素水平变化对未成熟睾丸组织移植物生长发育的影响.方法 以免疫缺陷小鼠为受体,将新生1～2d龄昆明小鼠睾丸移植到受体小鼠背部皮下.在移植后不同阶段取出移植物,进行组织形态学观察,分析移植物中生精细胞的发育情况,同时采用放射免疫分析法检测受体动物血清中睾酮(T)、促卵泡刺激素(FSH)和促黄体生成素(LH)水平,并以同龄正常昆明小鼠作对照.结果 受体小鼠血清中LH水平没有明显波动,而T和FSH浓度在移植的前8周呈逐渐上升趋势,从9周以后开始下降,且显著低于正常受体内睾酮和FSH浓度,与组织学中所观察到的生精上皮受损程度的增加是同步的.结论 以上结果提示,应注意获取移植物中精子的最佳时间.对于小鼠来说,从新生小鼠睾丸移植物中获取精子的最佳时间是术后5-8周.     

实验性精索静脉曲张睾丸组织自由基水平的测定观察

本实验以Wistar大鼠人工复制精索静脉曲张病理模型。2、3个月后,处死动物,摘取睾丸,应用电子自旋共振技术(ESR)检测睾丸组织自由基相对水平并观察了丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果显示,精索静脉曲张组(VG)左、右睾丸氧自由基水平均显著高于对照组(CG),差异有非常显著性意义。其中2个月时VG左右睾丸增高最显著,分别高于3个月时的双侧VG(P<0.01,P<0.05);睾丸MDA含量2月、3月VG双侧均显著高于CG(P<0.05)。实验结果表明,在精索静脉曲张发病过程中,睾丸组织产生大量的氧自由基并启动胞膜的脂质过氧化,从而对睾丸的生精细胞产生毒性作用。提示早期损伤程度较重。这也从一方面支持了尽早治疗可减轻精索静脉曲张睾丸功能障碍的观点。     

精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸AQP7mRNA表达与组织学变化的研究

不全结扎大鼠左肾静脉诱发左侧精索静脉曲张,观察精索静脉曲张对ＡＱＰ７ｍＲＮＡ表达的影响以及睾丸结构和功能的变化。结果显示：（１）与对照线相比,精索静脉曲张组大鼠左侧睾丸ＡＱＰ７ｍＲＮＡ的表达强度减弱,而右侧睾丸ＡＱＰ７ｍＲＮＡ的表达强度则明显增强。（２）精索静脉曲张组大鼠睾丸曲细精管轻中度萎缩,细胞层次减少,生精细胞脱落,间质水肿。左侧睾丸的损害性变化较右侧严重;（３）精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸ＡＱＰ７的表达减弱可能意味着在精子成熟的晚期,水代谢的变化可能成为精子成熟障碍。精细胞脱落的原因之一。右侧睾丸水通道表达增强可能是一种代偿反应,这种变化或许为精索静脉曲张治疗后生精功能的恢复提供可能。