论糖尿病性视网膜病变的中医之瘀

糖尿病视网膜病变(DRP),是糖尿病常见的并发症之一。严重威胁患者视力的视网膜血管性疾病,它有反复出血的特征,但见出血即止血的方法是完全要摒弃的,妄投止血剂,不仅可致瘀不去而留滞,而且容易造成再出血,更能促进机化物的形成,此乃闭门留寇。故应治血化瘀治之,可防止弊病出现。     

活血化瘀法治疗血瘀型崩漏临床体会

崩漏是妇科临床上的一种常见病,多发病,也是妇科中疑难急症之一。临床上多由于肾虚、脾虚、血热、血瘀,而陈莹教授认为肾虚、脾虚、血热均可导致血瘀,故运用中药活血化瘀法,以血府逐瘀汤为基本方剂,治疗血瘀型崩漏,疗效甚佳。     

远方教授从瘀论治糖尿病肾病经验管窥

糖尿病肾病是糖尿病最常见的并发症之一,对糖尿病肾病的病因病机加以阐述,分析瘀的成因及其引起的相关症状,依据经验提出糖尿病肾病可分为气虚血瘀、气滞血瘀、水瘀互结、肾虚血瘀来进行辨证论治,并重点介绍了治疗肾虚血瘀型的经验方——强肾汤的组成及其原理。     

基于痰、瘀角度论血脂异常的中医治疗策略

基于痰、瘀角度,结合现代医学研究成果,阐述血脂异常的病因病机,并重点从痰瘀辨证论治、辨病论治等论述血脂异常的中医治疗策略。近年来体质与疾病之间关系研究受到重视,认为痰瘀体质与血脂异常密切相关,因此在血脂异常治疗中应注重配合痰瘀体质调理。     

糖尿病周围神经病变中医血瘀证客观化研究

目的：分析糖尿病周围神经病变中医血瘀证的客观化指标。方法：90例糖尿病周围神经病变患者按照血瘀证类型分为气虚血瘀证、阴虚血瘀证、阳虚血瘀证等3种类型,每组30例患者,比较3组患者年龄、糖尿病病程、体质量指数（body mass in-dex,BMI）、糖化血红蛋白、C 反应蛋白等指标。结果：阴虚血瘀证组患者的糖化血红蛋白值明显高于气虚血瘀组、阳虚血瘀组（P ＜0．05）。3组患者发病的 BMI、平均年龄、平均病程比较,差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。结论：阴虚血瘀证组患者的糖化血红蛋白明显较高,其他指标在不同血瘀证之间无显著差异。     

益气化瘀治疗糖尿病血流变异常68例疗效观察

目的探讨益气化瘀中药对2型糖尿病血流变异常的疗效。方法将68例糖尿病伴血流变异常患者随机分为2组，对照组口服阿斯匹林治疗，治疗组在口服阿斯匹林的基础上加服益气化瘀中药治疗，治疗4周后比较2组血流变指标。结果治疗组血流变多项指标改善明显优于对照组（P〈0．05～0．01）。结论对2型糖尿病伴血流变异常患者的治疗加用益气化瘀中药可以提高疗效。     

血瘀证与活血化瘀研究进展

血瘀证是中医学未病、潜病状态的一类病证,可引起中风、痹证、肿瘤等多种疾病,甚至可导致死亡,严重危害了人类的健康.近年来,对血瘀证的中西医结合研究逐步加深,活血化瘀作为血瘀证的主要治疗方法.临床上,活血化瘀主要依靠药物、艾灸等方法的运用,治疗各种病因导致的血瘀证.取得了较好疗效.     

论气虚血瘀在高血压肾损害发病过程中的作用

通过探讨气虚血瘀在高血压肾损害发病过程中的作用,认为气虚血瘀是高血压肾损害的病理关键,并探讨了益气活血法治疗高血压肾损害的可行性及临床意义。     

血瘀证患者实验室指标诊断贡献度比较研究

目的探讨血液黏稠度、血脂、一氧化氮等实验室指标在血瘀证诊断中的贡献度。方法分别运用回归分析、主成分分析、判别分析方法来分析各指标对于血瘀证诊断的贡献度。结果回归分析发现甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、全血黏度、血浆黏度、RBC压积、RBC变形、一氧化氮对于血瘀证诊断比较重要。主成分分析发现全血黏度、红细胞压积、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、内皮素、纤溶酶原激活物、红细胞变形性对于血瘀证诊断具有代表性。判别分析发现高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、全血黏度、血浆黏度、血小板黏附性、血小板聚集性、红细胞压积、红细胞变形性、一氧化氮、甘油三酯对于血瘀证的诊断具有较好的区分能力。结论从不同角度来分析临床信息对于血瘀证诊断的重要性和贡献度,这对于血瘀证诊断具有一定的意义,尤其在制定证侯诊断量表中值得借鉴。     

Pathological Observation of Blood Stasis Syndrome in Non-diabetic Peripheral Neuropathies: A Retrospective Analysis Based on Nerve Biopsy

Objective: To investigate the pathological features of blood stasis syndrome (BSS) in non-diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods: Clinical data of 31 patients with non-diabetic peripheral neuropathy who had undergone nerve biopsy during December 2004 and December 2010 in Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. According to Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome differentiation and signs, 26 patients were blood stasis type and 5 patients were non-blood stasis type. Clinical and pathological data were compared in detail. Results: Clinically, although both groups shared similar symptoms of limb numbness, weakness and sensory disturbances, the prevalence of neuralgia was much grievous in BSS group (73.1%, 26/31) compared with the non-BSS group (0%, 0/5). As for signs, dermal nutrients disturbance (84.6%, 22/26), dark or purple tongue (100.0%, 26/26), and sublingual varices (80.7%, 21/26) were more common in the BSS group than the non-BSS group (0%, 60%, 20%, respectively). The prevalence of qi deficiency cases (19/26) in the BSS group was significantly higher compared with the non-BSS group (1/5). The unique histological manifestations of BSS were axonal degeneration (16/26 vs 2/5 in non-BSS group), which was the hallmark of ischemia. Cases with BSS had prominent microangiopathy (61.5%, 16/26), manifested as epineurium vasculitis (inflammatory cell infiltrated to the vessel wall, obliteration and recanalization, vascular proliferation, extravascular hemosiderin deposition), angiotelectasis, proliferation and hyaline degeneration of endoneurium capillary. In the BSS group, impaired blood-nerve barrier was indicated by sub-perineurial edema (46.2%, 11/26) and endoneurial edema (15.4%, 4/26). The Renaut body (15.4%, 4/26) and amyloid deposition (3.8%, 1/26) found in the BSS group were absent in the non-BSS group. Conclusions: BBS was common in non-diabetic peripheral neuropathies. The nerves exhibited ischemic alteration of primary axon degeneration and secondary demyelination. The interstitial tissue revealed microcirculation impairment, blood-nerve barrier disturbance, amyloid deposition and proliferation changes. The high prevalence of qi deficiency also highlights the therapy of promotion of blood circulation and removal of blood stasis.     

活血化瘀临床应用研究

血瘀证与活血化瘀研究已成为中西医结合研究最活跃、最有成效的领域之一,并且广泛运用于内、外、妇、皮肤科等科,包括冠心病、高血压、糖尿病、肿瘤、硬皮病、肝硬化等多种疾病。就活血化瘀法在内科临床常见病中的应用做一概述。     

活血化瘀法治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）属于中医“肺胀”范畴,瘀血是肺胀的重要病理因素之一。现代医学认为,在慢性阻塞性肺疾病的发病过程中,血黏稠度增高,肺间质纤维化,肺动脉高压是其常见病理表现,研究表明活血化瘀法能有效改善患者这些病理改变,而且活血化瘀法取得良好的临床疗效,故综述如下。     

脑梗死血瘀证的多态性

瘀血在演变过程中呈现两种状态,即显性瘀血状态和隐性瘀血状态.显性瘀血状态包括不通而瘀和离经而瘀;隐性瘀血状态包括不畅而瘀和不荣而瘀.脑梗死急性期患者瘀血骤然形成,血管闭塞,继而引发全身血流紊乱,治疗应以峻攻、破瘀、通络、开窍之品活血化瘀攻邪;脑梗死亚急性期患者病机由"不通而瘀"转变为"不畅而瘀"合并"不荣而瘀",或表现...     

《内经》论瘀血的治法及其影响

将《内经》中有关瘀血治不的内容概括为：①攻下逐瘀法,用于治疗瘀血邪热在内,且病情较重之证;②温经化瘀法,代表方为四乌骨一芦茹丸,用于治疗精血枯竭、月经闭止之证;③活血利水法,代表方为鸡失醴,用于治疗瘀血水停之证;④散寒化瘀法,代表方为熨方,本法适用于寒邪外袭、瘀血内停之证。《内经》有关瘀血治法的内容对后世中医瘀血之治疗具有重要的指导意义。     

试论从瘀论治狼疮性肾炎

狼疮性肾炎（LN）是最主要的继发性肾脏病。西医治疗具有价格昂贵和副作用大等缺点,应用中西医结合治疗可以收到较好疗效。瘀血是其发生和进展中的重要因素。在辨证论治的基础上,确定各症型的治法,伍以活血化瘀,结合西药治疗,疗效显著。     

治疗老年性痴呆应从补肾祛痰化瘀入手

通过对老年性痴呆的临床观察,基于其肾精亏虚的基本病机,痰瘀互阻的病理因素,在治疗上应从补肾祛痰化瘀入手,从而提高临床疗效。     

冠心病血瘀证：从现代医学视角理解

The medical community as a whole is attempting to start preventive therapy for coronary heartdisease （CHD） patients earlier in life. However, the main limitations of such interventions are drug resistanceand adverse reactions. Additionally, traditional biomarker discovery methods for CHD focus on the behavior ofindividual biomarkers regardless of their relevance. These limitations have led to attempting novel approachesto multi-dimensionally investigate CHD and identify safe and efficacious therapies for preventing CHD. Recently,the benefit of Chinese medicine （CM） in CHD has been proven by increasing clinical evidence. More importantly,linking CM theory with modern biomedicine may lead to new scientific discoveries. According to CM theory,all treatments for patients should be based on patients＇ syndromes. A recent epidemiological investigation hasdemonstrated that blood stasis syndrome （BSS） is the major syndrome type of CHD. BSS is a type of complexpathophysiological state characterized by decreased or impeded blood flow. Common clinical features ofBSS include a darkish complexion, scaly dry skin, and cyanosis of the lips and nails, a purple or dark tonguewith purple spots, a thready and hesitant pulse, and stabbing or pricking pain fixed in location accompaniedby tenderness, mass formation and ecchymosis or petechiae. The severity of BSS is significantly correlatedwith the complexity of coronary lesions and the degree of stenosis, and is an important factor affecting theoccurrence of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention. The mechanisms of BSS of CHD patientsshould be investigated from a modern medicine perspective. Although many studies have attempted toexplore the biomedical mechanisms of BSS of CHD, from hemorheological disorders to inflammation andimmune responses, the global picture of BSS of CHD is still unclear. In this article, the current status of studiesinvestigating the biomedical mechanisms of BSS of CHD and future perspectives are discussed.     

“老人多瘀”理论浅析

通过整理归纳古今有关文献,认为老年体质、病机演变易致瘀,指出老以“瘀”为象,衰以“瘀”为因,临床应在辨证论治的基础上加入养血活血之品。     

降脂化瘀汤治疗高脂血症65例疗效分析

目的探讨用中西医结合的方法观察降脂化瘀汤治疗高脂血症的疗效。方法将130例高脂血症患者随机分为2组。治疗组采用葛根素葡萄糖注射液、辛伐他汀和降脂化瘀汤治疗,对照组用葛根素葡萄糖注射液和辛伐他汀治疗。结果治疗组总有效率为97.30%,明显高于对照组的89.65%,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论降脂化瘀汤治疗高脂血症疗效可靠,中西医结合治疗高脂血症可起到优势互补的作用。     

血瘀复合证动物模型的研制进展

中医证候动物模型作为现代中医学研究的重要方法之一越来越受到重视,它在传统中医学发展过程中起到了重要的作用。近年来,对血瘀证和活血化瘀的机制的研究取得了很大的成绩。同时也研制出了许多血瘀证动物模型。