益智仁提取物对小鼠生精能力的影响实验研究

目的 探讨益智仁提取物对环磷酰胺致生精障碍小鼠的治疗作用.方法 水提法获得益智仁提取物.50只Balb/c小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、益智仁提取物低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组(0.2g/kg、0.4g/kg、0.8g/kg)共5组.除对照组外,其余各组每天注射环磷酰胺75 mg/kg,连续5d,制备生精障碍小鼠模型.末次给药后,益智仁提取物低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组分别给予相应剂量灌胃,对照组和模型组给予等体积生理盐水灌胃,每天1次,连续30 d.末次灌胃后24h,取小鼠睾丸和附睾组织.检测各组小鼠精子密度、活率及精子畸形率,HE染色观察睾丸组织形态.结果 与模型组相比,益智仁提取物各剂量组均可提高精子密度、精子活率,降低精子畸形率,组织学观察,益智仁提取物各剂量组小鼠睾丸组织病理性损害均得到改善.结论 益智仁提取物对环磷酰胺所致小鼠生精障碍具有明显的治疗作用.     

贵州凤冈富锌富硒绿茶对小鼠抗氧化能力的影响

目的:探讨贵州凤冈富锌富硒绿茶对小鼠抗氧化能力的影响.方法:昆明雄性小鼠70只随机分为空白对照组,衰老模型组,阳性对照组,富锌硒绿茶高、中、低剂量组和普通绿茶组,后6组腹腔注射0.2mg/(g·d)D-半乳糖制备衰老模型,造模第3周各组小鼠分别灌胃蒸馏水,高、中、低3种浓度富锌富硒绿茶,普通绿茶及维生素C,持续4周;最后一次灌胃后2h取小鼠眼眶血,检测小鼠血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)及MDA含量.结果:与空白对照组相比,衰老模型组小鼠血清中MDA含量显著升高,而T-SOD、GSH-Px及CAT活力显著降低(P＜0.01),说明造模成功;与衰老模型组及普通绿茶组比较,高、中、低剂量富锌富硒绿茶组均可显著提高衰老小鼠血清中T-SOD、CAT、GSH-PX活力(P＜0.01),而MDA含量均明显降低(P＜0.01);富锌富硒绿茶组高、中、低剂量相比较,中剂量组小鼠血清中T-SOD、CAT、GSH-PX活力高于高、低剂量组(P＜0.05),MDA含量低于高、低剂量组(P＜0.01).结论:3种不同浓度的富锌富硒绿茶能提高小鼠的抗氧化能力,具有延缓衰老的作用,此作用强于普通绿茶.     

益智仁-乌药醚提取物对糖尿病肾病氧化应激Mn-SOD、MDA影响实验研究

目的:探讨不同浓度益智仁-乌药醚提取物对糖尿病肾病大鼠的抗氧化应激作用。方法:SD大鼠高糖高脂饮食联合STZ腹腔注射造模4 w。随机分为空白组、益智仁-乌药醚提取物高、中、低剂量组,西药组、模型组6组,每组10只。给药4 w后用ELISA法检测各组大鼠Mn-SOD,TBA法检测MDA。结果:与模型组比较,益智仁-乌药醚提取物各剂量组及西药组Mn-SOD明显升高(P0.01),MDA明显降低(P0.05,P0.01),且作用与西药缬沙坦相当。结论:益智仁-乌药醚提取物可能通过升高SOD,降低MDA防治糖尿病肾病的发生发展,并延缓了糖尿病肾病的进展。     

The effects of Compound Xueshuantong Capsule on diabetic nephropathy

目的 探讨复方血栓通胶囊对糖尿病肾病大鼠模型的作用.方法 8周龄雄性SD大鼠予链脲佐菌素50 mg/kg单次腹腔注射建立糖尿病肾病模型,随机分为模型组、厄贝沙坦组、血栓通低剂量组[900 mg/(kg·d)]、血栓通高剂量组[1 800 mg/(kg·d)],每组7只,选取健康同龄大鼠作为正常组.采用灌胃给药,正常组和模型组均灌服等体积稀释液.干预12周后,留取尿液,测定尿白蛋白;肾脏组织行苏木素-伊红(HE)染色、马松(Masson)染色、过碘酸-雪夫(PAS)染色,并行电镜病理观察肾小球基底膜、足细胞、系膜细胞改变.结果 模型组尿白蛋白高于正常组,3种不同干预组(厄贝沙坦、低剂量和高剂量血栓通)尿白蛋白均降低,血糖和体重差异;三大染色和电镜结果提示,厄贝沙坦组基底膜、系膜细胞和足细胞的病理损害缓解,血栓通组上述细胞损害改善,高剂量组与低剂量组间差异无统计学意义.结论 复方血栓通胶囊可减少糖尿病肾病大鼠模型的尿白蛋白,改善肾脏足细胞、系膜细胞病理形态,对糖尿病肾病具有保护作用.     

复方血栓通胶囊对糖尿病肾病大鼠的作用

目的探讨复方血栓通胶囊对糖尿病肾病大鼠模型的作用。方法 8周龄雄性SD大鼠予链脲佐菌素50 mg/kg单次腹腔注射建立糖尿病肾病模型,随机分为模型组、厄贝沙坦组、血栓通低剂量组[900 mg/(kg.d)]、血栓通高剂量组[1 800 mg/(kg.d)],每组7只,选取健康同龄大鼠作为正常组。采用灌胃给药,正常组和模型组均灌服等体积稀释液。干预12周后,留取尿液,测定尿白蛋白;肾脏组织行苏木素-伊红(HE)染色、马松(Masson)染色、过碘酸-雪夫(PAS)染色,并行电镜病理观察肾小球基底膜、足细胞、系膜细胞改变。结果模型组尿白蛋白高于正常组,3种不同干预组(厄贝沙坦、低剂量和高剂量血栓通)尿白蛋白均降低,血糖和体重差异;三大染色和电镜结果提示,厄贝沙坦组基底膜、系膜细胞和足细胞的病理损害缓解,血栓通组上述细胞损害改善,高剂量组与低剂量组间差异无统计学意义。结论复方血栓通胶囊可减少糖尿病肾病大鼠模型的尿白蛋白,改善肾脏足细胞、系膜细胞病理形态,对糖尿病肾病具有保护作用。     

益气养阴消癥通络中药对早期糖尿病大鼠肾小球滤过屏障裂孔膜蛋白的影响

目的探讨益气养阴消癥通络中药对糖尿病大鼠肾小球滤过屏障的影响。方法选择雄性SD大鼠110只,随机分为对照组、模型组、厄贝沙坦组和中药低、中、高剂量[5.29、10.58、21.16 g/(kg·d)]组。用左肾切除术加腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)制备糖尿病肾病模型,对照组只行左肾切除术。厄贝沙坦组大鼠给予厄贝沙坦15 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,益气养阴消癥通络中药低、中、高剂量组分别灌胃给药,对照组、模型组大鼠等剂量生理盐水灌胃,连续6周。实验结束时用PCR及Western blot印迹法测定肾组织CD2相关蛋白(CD2AP)及wilms'肿瘤抑制基因(WT-1)表达。结果与模型组比较,中药低、中、高剂量组和厄贝沙坦组CD2AP、WT-1表达显著增加(P0.01)。结论益气养阴、消癥通络中药可保护肾小球滤过屏障外层裂孔膜和足细胞的结构与功能,延缓糖尿病肾病的发生发展。     

芦丁对1型糖尿病小鼠心肌酶及心肌组织形态学影响

目的 研究芦丁对糖尿病小鼠心肌酶指标及心肌组织形态学的影响。 方法 48只雄性昆明小鼠每日腹腔注射链脲佐菌素（STZ）62.5 mg/kg，连续5 d，建立1型糖尿病小鼠模型；另取正常组小鼠12只，不造模。成模小鼠随机分为模型组，厄贝沙坦组，芦丁低、高剂量组，每组12只。各组按小鼠体质量每日1次灌胃给药，共8周，芦丁低、高剂量组分别按50、100 mg/kg给予芦丁灌胃，厄贝沙坦组按45 mg/kg给予厄贝沙坦灌胃，正常组与模型组分别给予等量羧甲基纤维素钠溶液灌胃。给药8周后检测血清中肌酸激酶（CK）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）、羟丁酸脱氢酶（HBDH）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的含量；通过HE染色、Masson三色染色以及电镜观察，进行心肌组织形态学的分析。 结果 与正常组比较，模型组小鼠血清心肌酶水平升高（P<0.01）；与模型组相比，芦丁低、高剂量组可不同程度降低血清心肌酶水平，高剂量组作用更为明显（P<0.05）；与低剂量组比较，芦丁高剂量组HBDH和LDH值有下降（P<0.05），厄贝沙坦组差异无统计学意义；与高剂量组比较，厄贝沙坦组LDH值升高（P<0.05）。形态学观察显示，与正常组心肌细胞比较，模型组心肌细胞形态异常并伴有纤维化。芦丁低、高剂量组及厄贝沙坦组相比模型组，心肌组织形态及纤维化程度有不同程度改善。 结论 芦丁可降低糖尿病心肌病小鼠血清心肌酶含量，改善病变心肌细胞形态，降低纤维化程度，减轻心肌损伤。     

鬼针草提取物对小鼠实验性肝损伤的预防作用

目的研究鬼针草提取物对四氯化碳(CCl4)致小鼠肝损伤的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法昆明种小鼠50只随机分为正常对照组、模型组、联苯双酯组、鬼针草提取物低剂量10 g/(kg.d)、鬼针草提取物高剂量组20 g/(kg.d)5组。用四氯化碳(CCl4)建立小鼠肝损伤模型,测定小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、肝匀浆丙二醛(MDA)含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性为指标观察鬼针草提取物对肝脏损伤的保护作用。结果鬼针草提取物能明显降低动物模型的血清ALT、AST和肝匀浆MDA含量,提高肝脏GSH-Px活性。结论鬼针草提取物对化学性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用,且与药物剂量有关。     

夏黑葡萄花青素在D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠大脑、肾脏和脾脏组织中的抗衰老作用

目的研究夏黑葡萄花青素在D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠大脑、肾脏和脾脏组织中抗氧化和延缓衰老的作用。方法取40只健康2个月龄的ICR小鼠,通过皮下注射D-半乳糖建立小鼠衰老模型,雌雄各半,随机分为衰老模型对照组、低剂量组50 mg/(kg·d)、中剂量组75 mg/(kg·d)、高剂量组100 mg/(kg·d),用不同剂量夏黑葡萄花青素提取物灌胃,连续灌胃30 d。检测各组小鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)水平,HE染色行大脑、肾脏、脾脏组织病理学检查。结果衰老模型对照组小鼠血清中的MDA含量高于低、中、高剂量组(均P<0.05);低剂量组小鼠血清中的MDA含量高于中、高剂量组(均P<0.05)。衰老模型对照组小鼠血清中的SOD水平低于中、高剂量组(均P<0.05);高剂量组小鼠血清中的SOD水平高于低、中剂量组(均P<0.05)。大脑组织病理学检查发现衰老模型对照组小鼠较高剂量组部分神经元凋亡,水肿,海马区变薄,高剂量组结构形态正常;肾脏组织病理学检查发现衰老模型对照组小鼠较高剂量组肾小球数量减少、形态萎缩,肾集合管淀粉样变,高剂量组结构形态正常;脾脏组织病理学检查发现衰老模型对照组小鼠脾脏滤泡较高剂量组数量减少、形态萎缩,高剂量组结构形态正常。结论夏黑葡萄花青素可降低衰老模型小鼠血清中MDA含量和升高SOD水平,高剂量夏黑葡萄花青素对衰老小鼠模型的大脑、肾脏和脾脏具有抗氧化,延缓衰老的保护作用。     

海南山苦茶提取物对衰老小鼠脑组织抗氧化能力的影响

目的:研究海南山苦茶提取物对衰老小鼠脑组织抗氧化能力的影响。方法:120只小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性药组(维生素E)及海南山苦茶高、中、低剂量组,除正常组外,其余各组小鼠颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖120mg/kg,连续8周,诱导衰老模型;同时,阳性药组小鼠灌胃给予维生素E 50mg/kg,海南山苦茶高、中、低剂量组小鼠分别灌胃给予81、57、40mg/kg海南山苦茶提取物,正常组和模型组小鼠灌胃给予等体积的0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠。8周后,处死小鼠,取脑组织,匀浆,测定脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-px)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果:模型组小鼠MDA含量较正常组明显升高(P<0.01),SOD、CAT、GSH-px活性较正常组明显降低(P<0.01);维生素E组和山苦茶提取物高、中、低剂量组小鼠的MDA含量较模型组明显降低(P<0.01),CAT活性较模型组明显升高(P<0.01),山苦茶提取物高、中剂量组SOD和GSH-px活性较模型组明显升高(P<0.01)。结论:海南山苦茶提取物能够提高衰老小鼠脑组织的抗氧化能力。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.