妊娠梅毒与先天梅毒相关性分析

目的探讨妊娠合并梅毒患者孕期干预治疗及梅毒血清学检测结果与发生先天梅毒的关系,为先天梅毒的干预及评估提供依据。方法将427例已分娩的妊娠梅毒产妇按干预治疗（319例）和未干预治疗（108例）分两组,比较二者先天梅毒发生情况;对产妇及其所生新生儿TRUST滴度进行随访18个月并比较分析。结果未干预组先天梅毒发生率为16.8%（18/106）,干预组先天梅毒发生率为0（0/319）。母亲生产时TRUST滴度与新生梅毒儿出生时TRUST滴度呈正相关（Kendall相关系数为0.4,P〈0.05）;先天梅毒儿出生时滴度的高低与其是否有典型的先天梅毒临床表现相关,且先天梅毒儿出生时TRUST滴度≥1：32时,更易出现具有皮肤粘膜损害、黄疸、蛙状腹等临床症状（Fisher确切概率法,P=0.000）;而母亲梅毒分期与是否有典型的先天梅毒临床表现无关（Fisher确切概率法,P〉0.05）。结论妊娠梅毒的筛查和干预治疗可有效阻断先天梅毒的传播,应高度关注疑似先天梅毒儿血清TRUST滴度继续升高的情况,将TRUST滴度≥1：32作为重要的监测指标。     

抗梅毒治疗和梅毒TRUST滴度对妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨抗梅毒治疗以及梅毒TRUST滴度对梅毒孕妇妊娠结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析2006年3月至2010年3月太原市传染病医院收治的妊娠梅毒患者共82例,其中26例终止妊娠,8例失访,48例完成随访。①根据结束妊娠前是否行抗梅毒治疗,将48例妊娠梅毒患者分为治疗组25例和未治疗组23例,记录各组妊娠结局情况。②将48例妊娠梅毒患者分成TRUST滴度≤1∶4和TRUST滴度1∶4两组,TRUST滴度≤1∶4组患者29例,TRUST滴度1∶4组患者19例,统计各组妊娠结局。结果:治疗组发生新生儿先天梅毒6例(24.00%),无流产,死胎和死产,不良妊娠结局发生率24.00%(6/25);未治疗组流产2例(8.70%),死胎1例(4.35%),死产1例(4.35%),新生儿先天梅毒12例(52.17%),不良妊娠结局发生率达69.57%(16/23)。未治疗组不良妊娠结局发生率明显高于治疗组(P0.05)。TRUST滴度≤1∶4组的患者7例(24.14%)产生不良妊娠结局,TRUST滴度1∶4组的患者14例(73.68%)产生不良妊娠结局,滴度高的妊娠梅毒患者不良妊娠结局发生率显著高于滴度低的妊娠梅毒患者。结论:梅毒孕妇抗梅毒治疗可预防新生儿先天梅毒,并能降低不良妊娠结局的发生率。妊娠梅毒TRUST滴度的检测有助于预测不良妊娠结局的发生情况。若妊娠梅毒TRUST滴度较高,宜终止妊娠。     

妊娠梅毒212例临床分析

目的探讨妊娠梅毒临床特点及妊娠结局以降低围产儿患病率。方法212例经血清学确诊为妊娠梅毒孕产妇,依据妊娠期是否抗梅毒治疗分为治疗组(127例)及未治疗组(85例)。比较两组孕产妇的妊娠结局、围产儿预后及新生儿先天梅毒的发生情况。结果1)未抗梅毒治疗组足月产发生率为29.41%,经过抗梅毒治疗组足月产发生率为93.7%,两组比较,差异有极显著性(P<0.005);而死胎死产及先天梅毒儿发生率,未治疗组显著高于经过抗梅毒治疗组,两组比较,差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。2)治疗组中应用青霉素类发生先天梅毒儿发生率20.69%(24/116),而非青霉素类发生先天梅毒发生率100%(11/11)。结论有效规范抗梅毒治疗是改善妊娠梅毒患者妊娠结局、围产儿预后以及降低先天梅毒患儿发生率的关键。     

妊娠合并梅毒的孕期治疗对妊娠结局的影响

[目的]探讨妊娠合并梅毒的孕期治疗对妊娠结局的影响。[方法]回顾分析了2006年1月至2008年1月在我院分娩的47例梅毒病人孕期治疗对妊娠结局的影响。[结果]治疗组分娩正常新生儿的例数明显多于未治疗组,分娩先天梅毒儿,窒息儿,低体重儿例数明显少于未治疗组。[结论]治疗孕周越早,治疗正规,先天梅毒儿的发生率越低。     

妊娠梅毒患者的临床特点和影响妊娠结局的因素

目的探讨妊娠梅毒患者的临床特点和影响妊娠结局的因素。方法选取常德市妇幼保健院自2010年1月~2013年1月收治的61例妊娠梅毒患者作为研究对象,依据患者妊娠期是否行全疗程抗梅毒治疗,将患者分为治疗组（n=33）和未治疗组（n=28）。观察比较2组孕妇的妊娠结局、围生儿预后及新生儿先天梅毒的发生情况。同时根据母血清快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验（RPR）滴度高低,将孕妇分为≤1∶8组和≥1∶16组,观察血清滴度对妊娠结局的影响。结果妊娠结局方面,治疗组足月分娩率为100%（33/33）,未治疗组75%（21/28）,2组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;治疗组分娩正常新生儿24例（72.73%）,未治疗组为7例（25.00%）,2组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论全程抗梅毒治疗可有效改善妊娠梅毒患者妊娠结局和新生儿预后,降低先天梅毒患儿发生率。母血清RPR滴度高低及用药情况,是影响妊娠梅毒结局的重要因素,应予以高度重视。     

妊娠合并梅毒170例临床分析

目的探讨妊娠梅毒患者临床特点、治疗方法和妊娠结局,以降低先天性梅毒发生率。方法170例经血清学检查确诊为梅毒的孕妇,根据妊娠期是否行全疗程抗梅毒治疗,分为治疗组(92例)和未治疗组(78例),选择同期正常孕妇为对照组(100例)。比较三组孕妇的妊娠结局,治疗组和未治疗组围产儿预后及新生儿先天梅毒的发生情况。结果①妊娠结局:治疗组足月分娩率为93.47%(86/92),未治疗组仅为30.76%(24/78),对照组为96.00%(96/100)。未治疗组与治疗组、对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。治疗组早产及死胎发生率分别为6.52%(6/92)和2.17%(2/92),接近对照组的6.00%(6/100)、0,明显低于未治疗组的30.77%(24/78)、28.21%(22/78),差异有显著性(P<0.05)。治疗组窒息儿、低体重儿、先天梅毒患儿发生率及新生儿死亡率明显低于未治疗组,两组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。治疗组分娩正常新生儿者占60.86%(56/92),未治疗组仅占25.64%(20/78)。②治疗孕周越早,先天梅毒患儿发生率越低(P<0.05)。先天梅毒患儿的发生率,应用苄星青霉素孕妇为23.07%(18/78),应用红霉素孕妇为100%(14/14)。③新生儿血清RPR阳性率治疗组为79.50%,未治疗组为100%,差异无显著意义。结论妊娠梅毒患者临床分期以潜伏期梅毒为主,体征及症状不典型,容易误诊。因此,妊娠早期常规梅毒筛查特别重要。治疗开始时的孕周及用药,是影响妊娠梅毒结局的重要因素。     

妊娠合并隐性梅毒265例不良妊娠结局分析

目的探讨不同干预孕周及孕母血清滴度对于妊娠合并隐性梅毒孕妇不良妊娠结局的影响。方法选择265例妊娠合并隐性梅毒患者,按抗梅毒治疗时机将233例治疗组患者分为16周组、16~28周组和28周组,32例未接受抗梅毒治疗的患者设为未治疗组,按孕母甲苯胺红不加热血清试验(TRUST)滴度又将患者分为低滴度组(1:8)、中滴度组(1:8~1:16)和高滴度组(1:16),比较不同干预孕周及不同滴度水平对不良妊娠结局的影响。结果妊娠结局比较,治疗组与未治疗组围产儿死亡发生率差异有统计学意义(P0.05),胎窘、早产和先天梅毒的发生率有显著性差异(P0.01)。妊娠16周干预组中胎窘的发生率明显低于其他二组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),各治疗组间早产、先天梅毒和新生儿畸形的发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。不同滴度水平下围产儿死亡、先天梅毒的发生率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论妊娠期抗梅毒治疗可以改善不良妊娠结局,抗梅毒治疗越早,胎窘发生率越低,中晚期干预也能取得理想的母婴阻断效果;孕母血清滴度水平是影响先天梅毒和围产儿死亡发生的重要因素。     

妊娠合并梅毒103例的临床分析

目的 探讨妊娠合并梅毒的临床特点及对新生儿的影响,妊娠结局.方法 103例血清学检查确诊为梅毒的孕妇,根据妊娠期是否行全程梅毒治疗,分为治疗组61例及未治疗组42例,比较两组孕妇的妊娠结局、围产儿预后及新生儿先天梅毒的发生情况,观察治疗时期与先天梅毒儿的发生关系.结果 (1)妊娠结局:治疗组足月分娩率为77.45%(47/61),未治疗组为62.95% (27/42),治疗组早产、死胎发生率分别为9.83%和0.明显低于未治疗组的14.2%(6/42)和2.38%(1/42);治疗组无死产、流产的发生.(2)治疗组足月儿占77.45%(47/61)明显高于非治疗组的62.95%(27/42).(3)治疗组孕妇与用药的关系表明,治疗越早,先天梅毒儿发生率越低.结论 (1)应对孕妇早期梅毒筛查,及早诊断,早期有效,全程梅毒治疗是改变妊娠梅毒患者妊娠结局,围产儿预后以及降低先天梅毒患儿发生率的关键.     

妊娠合并梅毒临床诊治探讨

目的：探讨妊娠合并梅毒对围生儿预后的影响。方法：根据是否行抗梅毒治疗,将113例血清学检查确诊为梅毒的孕妇分为全疗程治疗组（64例）和未治疗组（49例）,比较两组孕妇的妊娠结局、围生儿预后及新生儿先天梅毒的发生情况。结果：治疗组足月分娩率90.62%,而未治疗组仅为69.39%（P〈0.01）;治疗组早产及死胎的发生率分别为4.69%及4.69%,明显低于未治疗组20.41%及10.20%（P〈0.01）;治疗组分娩的正常新生儿者占76.56%,而未治疗组仅占16.93%（P〈0.01）。结论：妊娠合并梅毒孕妇及早、规范治疗可以明显改善妊娠结局和围生儿预后,降低围生儿死亡率及先天梅毒的发生。     

梅毒血清固定患者的妊娠结局及随访研究

目的探讨中药对梅毒血清固定患者的妊娠结局的影响及婴儿的血清学特点。方法孕前采用中药治疗的（32例）育龄期梅毒血清固定女患者为中药治疗组;对照组选择同期56例妊娠合并梅毒血清固定患者,根据孕期是否规范治疗分为青霉素治疗组（31例）和未治疗组（25例）。比较三组孕妇的妊娠结局,并定期随访母婴的血清结果。结果妊娠结局：中药治疗组足月分娩率为90．63％,早产发生率为3．13％,不良结局（自然流产和死胎死产）发生率为6．25％青霉素治疗组分别为90．32％、6．45％和3．22％;未治疗组分别为88％、4％和8％;三组妊娠结局比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;新生儿预后：中药治疗组分娩正常新生儿占96．67％、早产儿占3．33％、先天梅毒为0;青霉素治疗组分别为93．33％、6．67％和0;未治疗组分别95．65％、4．34％和0。三组新生儿预后比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;婴儿血清结果：在随访过程中没有出现TRUST滴度持续上升,且滴度均〈母亲TRUST滴度的4倍;TRUST在3-6个月内均逐渐阴转,TPPA在6-12个月内均逐渐阴转;所有婴儿的19S-IgM-TPPA（-）。结论梅毒血清固定患者在孕前给予中药治疗对妊娠结局无影响,定期随访是评估母婴预后的重要环节。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.