双源CT测量心周脂肪体积对冠心病的诊断预测价值

目的肥胖是代谢综合征和冠状动脉粥样硬化疾病的一个重要危险因素。心周脂肪组织（pericardial adipose tissue,PAT）是沉积在心脏周围,特别是围绕在冠状动脉周围的内脏脂肪组织,可能在冠状动脉粥样硬化的发生中发挥了更为重要的作用。文中通过双源CT（64排）测量PAT体积,评价其对冠心病的诊断预测价值。方法221例同期行双源CT和经皮冠状动脉造影检查的患者入选,进行腰围、体重指数（body mass index,BMI）、空腹血生化测定。使用双源CT测定PAT体积,通过经皮冠状动脉造影检查明确患者的冠心病诊断,采用SPSS 16．0软件进行统计学分析。结果男性的PAT体积明显大于女性（P〈0．05）,冠心病患者的PAT体积明显大于非冠心病患者（P〈0．01）。PAT体积与年龄、性别、BMI、腰围、高血压病、白细胞、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、纤维蛋白原有高度相关性。Logistic逐步回归分析显示,PAT体积、BMI是影响冠心病发生的独立危险因子。PAT体积诊断冠心病的受试者工作特征（receiver-operating characteristic,ROC）曲线下面积为（72．10±4．4）％（P〈0．001）,明显优于腰围[（53.8±5．9）％,P=0．487]和BMI[（43．8％±5．8）％,P=0．253]。结论PAT体积与已知的心血管危险因素和冠心病的发生有高度相关性。PAT体积与冠心病的密切程度优于腰围和BMI,可作为一个新的冠心病预测指标。     

心外膜脂肪与心周脂肪对冠状动脉粥样硬化诊断价值的对照研究

目的分别分析心外膜脂肪(epicardial adipose tissue,EAT)、心周脂肪(Pericardial adipose tissue,PAT)与冠状动脉粥样硬化之间的关系,比较其优劣。方法对104例受检者进行CTA检查,在钙化积分图像基础上测量心外膜脂肪和心周脂肪体积,分析两者之间的关系及各自与冠状动脉粥样硬化间的关系。结果 EAT体积与PAT体积具有显著相关性(r=0.877,P0.01);两者与冠状动脉粥样硬化Gensini积分间均具有相关性(P0.05);2支、3支冠脉病变的EAT、PAT体积大于单支病变(P0.05),2支、3支之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);ROC曲线提示两者对冠状动脉粥样硬化的诊断价值相仿。结论 EAT体积与PAT体积显著相关,对冠状动脉粥样硬化均具有一定的诊断价值。     

双源CT测量心周脂肪体积联合血尿酸、同型半胱氨酸监测对冠心病早期诊断的价值分析

目的分析双源CT测量心周脂肪(PAT)体积联合血尿酸(UA)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)监测对冠心病(CHD)早期诊断的价值。方法选取2016年05月-2018年05月我院收治的经冠状动脉造影确诊的60例CHD患者为研究对象,设为观察组,另选取60例于我院体检的健康者作为对照组,所有患者均采用双源CT测量PAT体积,并检测UA、HCY浓度。结果观察组血清UA、HCY水平明显高于对照组,PAT体积大于对照组(P0.05);血清UA、HCY水平及PAT体积与年龄、性别、BMI、腰围、FPG、TC及LDL-C呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关;Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示,UA、HCY、PAT体积是影响CHD发生的独立危险因素(P0.05);血清UA、HCY水平联合PAT体积对CHD的阳性诊断率为93.33%,显著高于单独检测阳性诊断率的81.67%、85.0%.75.0%(P0.05)。结论双源CT测量PAT体积联合血清UA、HCY监测对CHD早期诊断具有较高的价值,可作为CHD预测指标。     

心外膜脂肪组织与冠心病的相关性

心外膜脂肪组织作为内脏脂肪的一部分,与一些心血管危险因素以及冠状动脉粥样硬化关系密切;本文对心外膜脂肪组织与冠心病的相关性的国内外研究进展作一综述.     

双源CT对心脏周围脂肪组织与冠状动脉粥样硬化的相关性

  目的  探讨双源CT测量心周脂肪组织（pericardial adipose tissue，PAT）体积、心外膜脂肪组织（epicardial adipose tissue，EAT）体积、EAT/PAT比值，分析与冠状动脉粥样硬化程度的相关性。  方法  收集223例临床怀疑冠心病患者，所有患者均行双源CT冠状动脉造影检查。应用Circulation软件评价冠状动脉病变情况。分析PAT体积、EAT体积、EAT/PAT比值与性别，有、无冠状动脉粥样硬化及冠状动脉粥样硬化程度的相关性。  结果  有、无冠状动脉硬化组，PAT体积、EAT体积均无性别差异（P > 0.05），EAT/PAT比值存在性别差异（P < 0.05）。男、女性PAT体积、EAT体积、EAT/PAT比值与有、无冠状动脉粥样硬化成正相关（P < 0.05）；所有患者PAT体积、EAT体积、EAT/PAT比值与有、无冠状动脉粥样硬化均成正相关（P < 0.05）。  结论  EAT体积较PAT体积与CAS相关性更高，而EAT/PAT较PAT体积、EAT体积与CAS具有更高的相关性，应能更准确地预测CHD。     

多层螺旋CT评价冠脉周围脂肪CT密度、体积与心血管危险因素的关系

目的探讨冠状脉周围脂肪(pericoronal adipose tissue,PCAT)CT密度、体积特征与心血管危险因素的关系。方法纳入289例疑似冠心病(Coronary artery disease,CAD)而接受冠状动脉CT造影(Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography,CCTA)者,测量冠状动脉主支PCAT CT密度及体积特征,分析冠脉主支PCAT CT密度、体积差异;分析高、低密度或体积心血管危险因素的差异,并筛选影响PCAT CT密度及积休的心血管危险因素。结果 冠脉主支PCAT CT密度、体积存在显著统计学差异(P<0.001),男性,年龄低、冠脉异常PCAT CT密度增高;女性,年龄高、BMI、肥胖PCAT CT休积增多。结论 在疑似CAD患者中,不同冠脉主干PCAT CT密度和体积存在一定差异,男性,年龄低、冠脉异常是PCAT CT密度的独立影响因素;女性,年龄高、BMI增加、肥胖是PCATCT休积的独立影响因素。     

应用冠状动脉CTA图像测定冠心病患者心包内、外脂肪体积

目的探讨应用冠状动脉CT血管造影(CTA)图像测定冠心病患者心包内(PAT)、外(IAT)脂肪体积的可行性,并总结其分布特点。方法收集109例(59.1±11.7岁)经临床确诊冠心病患者的冠状动脉CTA图像,应用半自动Volume软件程序逐层手动描画心包内、外脂肪轮廓,并计算出相应脂肪体积。判断冠心病患者心包内、外脂肪体积的相关因素,分析心包内、外脂肪体积的性别差异。结果所有病例冠状动脉CTA图像的心包结构显示清楚,可准确测定心包内、外脂肪体积。心包内、外脂肪体积与体质量、BMI成正相关,与年龄无关,心包外脂肪体积与身高成正相关。男性冠心病患者心包外脂肪体积大于女性患者67%(P<0.05),而心包内脂肪体积无性别差异(P>0.05)。结论应用冠状动脉CTA图像可以准确测定心包内、外脂肪体积。冠心病患者心包内、外体积与BMI、体质量呈正相关,心包内脂肪体积无性别差异。     

Nesfatin-1与心血管疾病的研究进展

肥胖是导致冠心病的重要危险因素之一。目前,全球的肥胖人数逐年增加,尤其是在中国。脂肪组织分泌的脂肪因子功能紊乱可导致肥胖相关的代谢性疾病和冠心病的发展。Nesfatin-1是新发现的一种新型脂肪因子。目前研究表明,Nesfatin-1具有抑制摄食和调节能量代谢、血压、动脉粥样硬化、心脏功能等心血管疾病的作用。Nesfatin-1等脂肪因子成为近年研究热点。因此,该文对Nesfatin-1在心血管方面的作用作出综述,希望能为心血管疾病的诊疗提供一点新思路和新方法,甚至为心血管疾病的预后提供帮助。     

心血管危险因素与冠状动脉造影相关性分析

目的探讨心血管危险因素与冠状动脉造影相关性分析。方法本课题于我院影像科行冠状动脉造影检查患者中随机抽取60例患者作为客观分析对象,患者收集时间为2016年4月至2019年6月,分析其冠状动脉造影检验结果,结合检验结果分析心血管疾病危险因素。结果随男性比重的增加,相关单危险因素呈正比趋势增长,组间差经统计学分析表意义(P0.05);通过Logistic多因素回归分析,可知高血压、2型糖尿病及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇异常为冠状动脉造影显著危险因素(P≤0.001)。结论冠状动脉造影与心血管危险因素具有一定关联性,临床影响因素较多,高血压、2型糖尿病等疾病均对冠状动脉具有一定影响,临床诊治需加强相关危险因素的把控。     

脂联素与心血管危险因素的研究进展

脂联素是脂肪组织特异性分泌的一种激素蛋白,在心血管病发生和发展中起调控和保护作用,可以作为胰岛素抵抗、高血压、动脉粥样硬化、炎症、肥胖等心血管危险因素的独立危险因子和预测指标。本文主要论述脂联素与心血管危险因素方面的研究进展。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.