Application of a new algorithm in the differential diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardia.

AIMS: The Brugada criteria proposed to distinguish between regular, monomorphic wide QRS complex tachycardias (WCT) caused by supraventricular (SVT) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) have been reported to have a better sensitivity and specificity than the traditional criteria. By incorporating two new criteria, a new, simplified algorithm was devised and compared with the Brugada criteria. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 453 WCTs (331 VTs, 105 SVTs, 17 pre-excited tachycardias) from 287 consecutive patients with a proven electrophysiological (EP) diagnosis were prospectively analysed by two of the authors blinded to the EP diagnosis. The following criteria were analysed: (i) presence of AV dissociation; (ii) presence of an initial R wave in lead aVR; (iii) whether the morphology of the WCT correspond to bundle branch or fascicular block; (iv) estimation of initial (v(i)) and terminal (v(t)) ventricular activation velocity ratio (v(i)/v(t)) by measuring the voltage change on the ECG tracing during the initial 40 ms (v(i)) and the terminal 40 ms (v(t)) of the same bi- or multiphasic QRS complex. A v(i)/v(t) >1 was suggestive of SVT and a v(i)/v(t) 相似文献   

以aVR导联为基础的新四步法鉴别宽QRS波心动过速

宽QRS波心动过速(wide QRS complex tachycardia,WCT)是指QRS波宽度≥0.12 s、频率>100次/min的心动过速。WCT主要包括:①室性心动过速(ventricular tachycardia,VT);②室上性心动过速(supraventricular tachycardia,SVT)或房性心动过速、心房扑动、心房纤颤并发固定性或功能性束支传导阻滞。     

New algorithm using only lead aVR for differential diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardia.

BACKGROUND: We recently reported an ECG algorithm for differential diagnosis of regular wide QRS complex tachycardias that was superior to the Brugada algorithm. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to further simplify the algorithm by omitting the complicated morphologic criteria and restricting the analysis to lead aVR. METHODS: In this study, 483 wide QRS complex tachycardias [351 ventricular tachycardias (VTs), 112 supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs), 20 preexcited tachycardias] from 313 patients with proven diagnoses were prospectively analyzed by two of the authors blinded to the diagnosis. Lead aVR was analyzed for (1) presence of an initial R wave, (2) width of an initial r or q wave >40 ms, (3) notching on the initial downstroke of a predominantly negative QRS complex, and (4) ventricular activation-velocity ratio (v(i)/v(t)), the vertical excursion (in millivolts) recorded during the initial (v(i)) and terminal (v(t)) 40 ms of the QRS complex. When any of criteria 1 to 3 was present, VT was diagnosed; when absent, the next criterion was analyzed. In step 4, v(i)/v(t) >1 suggested SVT, and v(i)/v(t) < or =1 suggested VT. RESULTS: The accuracy of the new aVR algorithm and our previous algorithm was superior to that of the Brugada algorithm (P = .002 and P = .007, respectively). The aVR algorithm and our previous algorithm had greater sensitivity (P <.001 and P = .001, respectively) and negative predictive value for diagnosing VT and greater specificity (P <.001 and P = .001, respectively) and positive predictive value for diagnosing SVT compared with the Brugada criteria. CONCLUSION: The simplified aVR algorithm classified wide QRS complex tachycardias with the same accuracy as standard criteria and our previous algorithm and was superior to the Brugada algorithm.     

A new approach to the differential diagnosis of a regular tachycardia with a wide QRS complex

BACKGROUND. In the differential diagnosis of a tachycardia with a wide QRS complex (greater than or equal to 0.12 second) diagnostic mistakes are frequent. Therefore, we investigated the reasons for failure of presently available criteria, and we identified new, simpler criteria and incorporated them in a stepwise approach that provides better sensitivity and specificity for making a correct diagnosis. METHODS AND RESULTS. A prospective analysis revealed that current criteria had a poor specificity for the differential diagnosis. The value of four new criteria incorporated in a stepwise approach was prospectively analyzed in a total of 554 tachycardias with a widened QRS complex (384 ventricular and 170 supraventricular). The sensitivity of the four consecutive steps was 0.987, and the specificity was 0.965. CONCLUSIONS. Current criteria for the differential diagnosis between supraventricular tachycardia with aberrant conduction and ventricular tachycardia are frequently absent or suggest the wrong diagnosis. The absence of an RS complex in all precordial leads is easily recognizable and highly specific for the diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia. When an RS complex is present in one or more precordial leads, an RS interval of more than 100 msec is highly specific for ventricular tachycardia. This new stepwise approach may prevent diagnostic mistakes.     

单独用aVR导联鉴别诊断宽QRS波心动过速——附200份心电图分析

目的:应用Verecki新提出的单独运用aVR导联新法则对宽QRS 波心动过速进行鉴别诊断,评价其敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及诊断符合率.方法:选择200份经电生理检查诊断明确的宽QRS 波心动过速的心电图,采用单盲法由2位研究人员运用aVR导联新法则进行回顾性分析,并进行一致性检验后,统计aVR导联新法则每一步的诊断情况,计算敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值,阴性预测值及诊断符合率.结果:运用aVR导联新法则诊断的敏感性为97.6%,特异性为 67.7%,阳性预测值94.3%,阴性预测值为84.0%,诊断符合率为93.0%,对左室特发性室速的误诊例数为0.结论:单独运用aVR导联进行诊断具有高效准确,特别适合左室室速的鉴别诊断,适合临床应用.     

aVR导联四步流程在宽QRS波心动过速鉴别诊断中的应用

目的 验证分析aVR导联四步流程对宽QRS波心动过速(WCT)进行鉴别诊断的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析113例患者发生WCT时12导联体表心电图的形态学特征.按aVR导联四步流程分步骤地对113例WCT患者的心电图进行室性心动过速(室速)和室上性心动过速(室上速)的鉴别,将分析的结果与电生理检查结果进行比较,计算每一步...     

食管心电生理检查鉴别宽QRS波心动过速

目的探讨食管电生理检查在宽QRS波心动过速的诊断应用价值。方法结合心内电生理检查结论,对42例宽QRS波群心动过速（WCT）发作时的食管心电图及体表心电图诊断进行回顾性比较分析,评价食管电生理在诊断WCT中的应用价值。结果与体表心电图诊断结果相比较,食管心电图对WCT的诊断准确度更高,而误诊率、漏诊率更低。结论应用食管电生理能显著提高对WCT的诊断和鉴别诊断水平,在心律失常的治疗上也具有实用价值。     

A new simple computer algorithm for the differential diagnosis of wide QRS premature contractions

Differential diagnosis between premature ventricular contraction (PVC) and premature supraventricular contraction with aberrant ventricular conduction (A-PSC) has often been inaccurate or even unavailable in widely used real-time autointerpretation electrocardiograms (ECGs), while the therapeutic strategy is completely different in the forefront of clinical practice. Although detection of the ectopic P wave (P') is essential to make an accurate diagnosis, it is too complicated and time-consuming to be taken on the ECG machine. Thus, we made a new simple algorithm to detect P' using several mathematical techniques and evaluated its diagnostic accuracy in making differential diagnosis between PVC and A-PSC in comparison with a conventional method which has no P' detection. The outline of the signal-processing for P' detection is as follows:

• 1.(1) Second derivatives: D_(n) = E _n-5 + E_n+5 − 2¹E_(n);
• 2.(2) Absolute values: A_(n) = |D_(n) II| + |D_(n) III| + |D_(n) VI|;
• 3.(3) Smoothing: W_(n) = (A_(n) + A_(n+1) + ⋯ + A_(n+9)/10;
• 4.(4) T wave subtraction: preceding T wave - dominant T wave;
• 5.(5) P′ wave detection: W_(n-1) ≤ W_(n) > W_(n+1) & W_(n-5) ≤ W_(n) > W_(n+5)

We evaluated 180 patients with wide QRS premature beats including 14 A-PSC. Diagnostic accuracy for A-PSC was extremely improved with the new method as shown in the following table.      

9.

A very wide complex tachycardia     

《Heart rhythm》2023,20(6):937-939

     

10.

A rapid wide complex tachycardia     

《Heart rhythm》2023,20(3):471-472

     

11.

宽QRS波群心动过速的鉴别诊断和处理原则   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘仁光  陈亮 《心电学杂志》2002,21(2):85-87

宽ＱＲＳ波群心动过速 (ｗｉｄｅｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｔａｃｈｙｃａｒｄｉａ)是指ＱＲＳ时间≥０．１２ｓ、频率＞１００次／ｍｉｎ的心动过速 ,可分为单形、多形和双向性 ,临床以单形最为常见 ,为一临床常见急症。单形性宽ＱＲＳ波群心动过速按起源部位可分为室性心动过速 (起源于Ｈｉｓ束以下 ,占８０ % )和室上性心动过速 (起源于Ｈｉｓ束分叉以上 )伴心室内传导异常 (心室内差异性传导、束支传导阻滞、旁道顺传及高血钾、抗心律失常药物、严重心肌缺血和左心室肥大引起的非特异性ＱＲＳ波群增宽 )两类。此两类鉴别诊断又常以Ｖ１导联宽ＱＲ…     

12.

Role of echocardiography in differential diagnosis of broad complex tachycardia.          下载免费PDF全文

C Wren  R W Campbell    S Hunter 《Heart (British Cardiac Society)》1985,54(2):166-172

It is not always easy to distinguish between supraventricular tachycardia with aberration and ventricular tachycardia by electrocardiographic analysis alone. M mode echocardiography can often help by providing direct or indirect evidence of the relation between atrial and ventricular contraction. Sixteen consecutive patients with spontaneous sustained broad QRS complex tachycardia with heart rates of 120-225 beats/minute were examined. Echocardiographic evidence of 1:1 conduction was seen in three cases and 2:1 atrioventricular conduction in one (all four had supraventricular tachycardia, confirmed by intracardiac electrocardiography in three). Evidence of retrograde block was seen in 12 (all had ventricular tachycardia, with electrophysiological confirmation in 10). Satisfactory views of the mitral valve were obtained in all patients. Patients with ventricular tachycardia had a variable mitral valve opening time (range 42-110%) compared with those who had supraventricular tachycardia (9-15%). Aortic root and left atrial views gave direct evidence of atrial contraction in three cases, and subcostal right atrial wall views were diagnostic in four of five cases. Seven patients with ventricular tachycardia had been wrongly diagnosed elsewhere as having supraventricular tachycardia. This study confirms that echocardiography is a simple and rapid aid to accurate diagnosis in patients with broad QRS complex tachycardia.     

13.

宽QRS心动过速鉴别诊断的新流程图   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

林治湖 《临床心电学杂志》2007,16(5):321-324

宽QRS心动过速是临床上常见的快速性心律失常,快捷、正确地鉴别诊断对急诊处理、长期预后评估及长期治疗策略选择均具有重要的临床价值。12导联心电图至今仍然是鉴别诊断宽QRS心动过速的最重要最简便的方法和基石。     

14.

A forgotten cause of wide complex tachycardia     

Vivek Reddy  Yaoyun Sarah Shen  Shanker Kundumadam  Pradeep Kathi  Mazhar H. Khan 《Journal of electrocardiology》2017,50(2):238-240

Wide complex tachycardia secondary to an acute overdose from TCA's is a well-documented phenomenon. In this case we present a wide complex tachycardia after clear documentation of no acute overdose, which responded to standard treatment for TCA toxicity. These findings combined with chronic electrocardiographic abnormalities were suggestive of an acute on chronic TCA toxicity.     

15.

Verapamil in wide complex tachycardia     

M Dancy  A J Camm  D E Ward 《The American journal of cardiology》1986,57(10):897-898

     

16.

Irregular wide complex tachycardia     

Indik JH 《Cardiology in review》2003,11(1):1-2

     

17.

Pleomorphic wide complex tachycardia     

《Heart rhythm》2022,19(1):167-168

     

18.

Multivariate analysis to simplify the differential diagnosis of broad complex tachycardia.          下载免费PDF全文

M J Griffith  M A de Belder  N J Linker  D E Ward    A J Camm 《Heart (British Cardiac Society)》1991,66(2):166-174

Univariate analysis has identified several criteria that aid the differential diagnosis of broad complex tachycardia. In this study of 102 consecutive patients multivariate analysis was performed to identify which of 15 clinical and 11 electrocardiographic variables were independent predictors of ventricular tachycardia. These were shown to be a history of myocardial infarction, the QRS waveforms in leads aVF and V1, and a change in axis from sinus rhythm to tachycardia of more than 40 degrees. If none of the criteria was met, the diagnosis was almost certainly supraventricular tachycardia. If one criterion was met the diagnosis was probably supraventricular tachycardia. If two criteria were met then the diagnosis was probably ventricular tachycardia. If three or four criteria were met, the diagnosis was almost certainly ventricular tachycardia. The predictive accuracy was 93%. This was increased to 95% by including two other criteria--definite independent P wave activity and ventricular extrasystoles with the same QRS configuration as that in tachycardia. These criteria were not included in the multivariate analysis because though they were 100% specific they were seldom seen. These four criteria can be used as simple rules in determining the origin of a broad complex tachycardia.     

19.

Specificity of electrocardiographic criteria for the differential diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardia in patients with intraventricular conduction defect     

Tomás Datino Romaniega  Jesús Almendral  Pablo Ávila  Esteban González-Torrecilla  Felipe Atienza  Ángel Arenal  Francisco Fernández-Avilés 《Heart rhythm》2013,10(9):1393-1401

     

20.

宽QRS波心动过速的鉴别诊断及治疗研究进展     

杨玉莲  李德才  王庆旭 《中国心血管杂志》2004,9(5):387-389

宽QRS波心动过速是临床常见的心血管急症,可见于室性心动过速和部分室上性心动过速。室性心动过速是一种严重心律 失常,而室上性心动过速一般预后良好。由于二者的治疗原则不同,因此及时和正确地对宽QRS波心动过速进行鉴别诊断在临床 上有十分重要的意义。本文对宽QRS波心动过速的鉴别诊断和治疗原则予以综述。     

宽QRS波群心动过速的鉴别诊断和处理原则

宽ＱＲＳ波群心动过速 (ｗｉｄｅｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｔａｃｈｙｃａｒｄｉａ)是指ＱＲＳ时间≥０．１２ｓ、频率＞１００次／ｍｉｎ的心动过速 ,可分为单形、多形和双向性 ,临床以单形最为常见 ,为一临床常见急症。单形性宽ＱＲＳ波群心动过速按起源部位可分为室性心动过速 (起源于Ｈｉｓ束以下 ,占８０ % )和室上性心动过速 (起源于Ｈｉｓ束分叉以上 )伴心室内传导异常 (心室内差异性传导、束支传导阻滞、旁道顺传及高血钾、抗心律失常药物、严重心肌缺血和左心室肥大引起的非特异性ＱＲＳ波群增宽 )两类。此两类鉴别诊断又常以Ｖ１导联宽ＱＲ…     

Role of echocardiography in differential diagnosis of broad complex tachycardia.

It is not always easy to distinguish between supraventricular tachycardia with aberration and ventricular tachycardia by electrocardiographic analysis alone. M mode echocardiography can often help by providing direct or indirect evidence of the relation between atrial and ventricular contraction. Sixteen consecutive patients with spontaneous sustained broad QRS complex tachycardia with heart rates of 120-225 beats/minute were examined. Echocardiographic evidence of 1:1 conduction was seen in three cases and 2:1 atrioventricular conduction in one (all four had supraventricular tachycardia, confirmed by intracardiac electrocardiography in three). Evidence of retrograde block was seen in 12 (all had ventricular tachycardia, with electrophysiological confirmation in 10). Satisfactory views of the mitral valve were obtained in all patients. Patients with ventricular tachycardia had a variable mitral valve opening time (range 42-110%) compared with those who had supraventricular tachycardia (9-15%). Aortic root and left atrial views gave direct evidence of atrial contraction in three cases, and subcostal right atrial wall views were diagnostic in four of five cases. Seven patients with ventricular tachycardia had been wrongly diagnosed elsewhere as having supraventricular tachycardia. This study confirms that echocardiography is a simple and rapid aid to accurate diagnosis in patients with broad QRS complex tachycardia.     

宽QRS心动过速鉴别诊断的新流程图

宽QRS心动过速是临床上常见的快速性心律失常,快捷、正确地鉴别诊断对急诊处理、长期预后评估及长期治疗策略选择均具有重要的临床价值。12导联心电图至今仍然是鉴别诊断宽QRS心动过速的最重要最简便的方法和基石。     

A forgotten cause of wide complex tachycardia

Wide complex tachycardia secondary to an acute overdose from TCA's is a well-documented phenomenon. In this case we present a wide complex tachycardia after clear documentation of no acute overdose, which responded to standard treatment for TCA toxicity. These findings combined with chronic electrocardiographic abnormalities were suggestive of an acute on chronic TCA toxicity.     

Multivariate analysis to simplify the differential diagnosis of broad complex tachycardia.

Univariate analysis has identified several criteria that aid the differential diagnosis of broad complex tachycardia. In this study of 102 consecutive patients multivariate analysis was performed to identify which of 15 clinical and 11 electrocardiographic variables were independent predictors of ventricular tachycardia. These were shown to be a history of myocardial infarction, the QRS waveforms in leads aVF and V1, and a change in axis from sinus rhythm to tachycardia of more than 40 degrees. If none of the criteria was met, the diagnosis was almost certainly supraventricular tachycardia. If one criterion was met the diagnosis was probably supraventricular tachycardia. If two criteria were met then the diagnosis was probably ventricular tachycardia. If three or four criteria were met, the diagnosis was almost certainly ventricular tachycardia. The predictive accuracy was 93%. This was increased to 95% by including two other criteria--definite independent P wave activity and ventricular extrasystoles with the same QRS configuration as that in tachycardia. These criteria were not included in the multivariate analysis because though they were 100% specific they were seldom seen. These four criteria can be used as simple rules in determining the origin of a broad complex tachycardia.     

宽QRS波心动过速的鉴别诊断及治疗研究进展

宽QRS波心动过速是临床常见的心血管急症,可见于室性心动过速和部分室上性心动过速。室性心动过速是一种严重心律 失常,而室上性心动过速一般预后良好。由于二者的治疗原则不同,因此及时和正确地对宽QRS波心动过速进行鉴别诊断在临床 上有十分重要的意义。本文对宽QRS波心动过速的鉴别诊断和治疗原则予以综述。